Grammar Book

Alejandra Ashley

Qué vs. Cua

Ser

Estar

Gustar

Transition Words

Imperfect

Triggers Words

Acaba de + inf

Table of Contents

Hacer Formulas

Verbs like Gustar

Reflexives

Tu commands

Dop + placement

Preterite

QUE VS. CUAL

Que Cual

• Used when asking for definitions

• Most often used before nouns

• Same similar and plural forms

• Used when not looking for definitions

• Usually used before any form of ser

Ser

e

EstarH - health E - emotionsL - locationP- present condition

ING

•present participles:

•-ar: -ando

•-er/ir: -iendo or -yendo

T

o like

Yo Me gusta bailar

Tu Te gusta bailar

Ella/El/Ud. Le gusta bailar

Nosotros Nos gusta bailar

Vosotros Las ganas de bailar

Ellas/Ellos/Uds.

Les gusta bailar

Gustar

TRANSITIONAL WORDS

y and

o or

ni nor

after despues

first primero

Finally Por fin

next luego

also tambien

hablaba hablamos

hablabas hablais

hablaba hablan

comia comiamos

comias comiais

comia comian

escribia escribiamos

escribias escribiais

escribia escribian

Regular

Imperfect

Verbs

IR -escribir

AR - hablar

ER - comer

Uses1. On going action (was/were)2. Repeated action (used to)

3. No definite beginning or end4. Time/date/age/feeling/descriptions

5. Interrupted activity

iba ibamos

ibas ibais

iba iban

era eramos

eras erais

era eran

veia veiamos

veias veiais

veia veian

Irregular Imperfect Verbs

IR

VER

SER

•Los lunes= every Monday

•Generalmente= generally

•Mientras= while

•De vez en cuando= occasionally

•Muchas veces= often

•Frecuentemente= frequently

TriggersWarns you when an imperfect verb

is coming

Todos los dias= everyday

•A menudo= often

•A veces= sometimes

•Siempre= always

•A menudo

•Cada dia= everyday

ACABAR DE + INF

Acabo de llevar a mi hermana a su casa.

I just took my sister to her house.

Acabas de invitar a muchas muchachas.

You have just invited many girls..

To have just done something (acabo, acabas, acaba, acabamos, acabáis, acaban)

HACER EXPRESSIONS

Yo TúÉl, ella, usted

NosotrosEllos, ellas,

ustedes

Hago haces hace hacemos hacen

To do or to make

There are two ways to say how long you have been doing something using Hacer: •Hace + a time+ que + verb in the present tense •verb in the present tense + hace + a time expression

Hace trienta y cinco minutos que Paula espera el autobus.

GUSTAR & VERBS LIKE GUSTAR

Gustar means to like. Gusta …Gustan

Me- Yo Falta….Faltan = to prevent

Te -Tu Duele….Duelen= to hurt

Le- Ella/El/Ud. Fascina….Fascinan= to be fasicnated

by

Nos -Nosotros Molesta….Molestan= to be bothered

by

Les-Ellas/Ellos/Uds.

REFLEXIVE VERBS

Reflects one’s self

You are doing and receiving the action!

Ducharse: to shower

Banarse: to bathe

Lavarse: to wash

Despetarse: to wake

TU COMMANDS

Affirmative:

Put verb

into tu form

and drop

the s.

Negative:Put in yo form and add the s.

Irregular:Di – No digasHaz – No hagasVe- No vengasPon – no pongasSal- no salgasSe – no segasTen- no tengasVen- no vengas

DOP AND PLACEMENT

Receives the action of the verb!

Sally kicked the ball.

The ball receives the action from kicked.

Mike threw the football.

The football receives the action from threw.

PRETERITE

e i

aste iste

o io

amos iemos

aron ieron

ar er/ir