Grammar ReviewParts of Speech

SentencesPunctuation

Parts of Speech1. NOUN-a word used to name a person, place. or thing2. VERB- a word that shows action or state of being3. CONJUNCTION- a word that connects or joins words or

groups of words4. INTERJECTION- a word that shows excitement or surprise5. ADJECTIVE- a word that modifies a noun or pronoun6. ADVERB- a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb7. PRONOUN- a word that takes the place of a noun8. PREPOSITION- a word that begins a phrase which shows a

relationship between its own object and the rest of the sentence

Noun Notes Forms/Classification of Nouns

1. SINGULAR - refers to one2. PLURAL - refers to more than one3. POSSESSIVE - shows ownership4. COMMON -names general nouns5. PROPER -names specific nouns6. CONCRETE -exist physically7. ABSTRACT-has no physical existence8. COMPOUND -more than one word9. COLLECTIVE -a group of individuals

Sentence NotesWe put words together to form sentences.

Parts of a Sentence: Every sentence must have at least two parts and be a complete thought.

1. SUBJECT- noun or pronoun that the sentence is about

2. VERB- the verb part of the sentence

*practice*

The Blue Team | won.The Phillies | beat the Braves.

Kind of Sentences We can classify sentences by purpose.

1. DECLARATIVE makes a statement

2. INTERROGATIVE asks a question

3. IMPERATIVE commands or requests

4. EXCLAMATORY shows excitement

*Practice*

EXC. What a great class this is! DEC. This is easy.

INT. Who’s there? IMP. Sit down.

Kinds of Sentences We can be also classify sentences by structure.

A SENTENCE is a group of words containing a SUBJECT and a PREDICATE.

1. SIMPLE SENTENCE contains one independent (main) clause.

2. COMPOUND SENTENCE contains two or more independent clauses.

3. COMPLEX SENTENCE contains one independent clause and one or more dependent (subordinate) clauses.

4. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE contains two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.

Punctuation1. PERIOD – the end mark for a statement or

command, used with an abbreviation2. QUESTION MARK –the end mark for a question3. EXCLAMATION POINT –the end mark showing

excitement4. QUOTATION MARKS –used to enclose words that are

spoken directly and some titles5. SEMICOLON –used to join pars of a compound

sentence if no coordinating conjunction is used

Punctuation cont.6. APOSTROPHE – used in possessive nouns and

contractions7. HYPHEN –shows a word break at the end of a

line, used in some compound words and some compound numbers

8. COLON – used to introduce a list of items or in time expressed in numerals

9. COMMA – used to separate items in a series and introductory words

Sentence Errors1. Fragment- incomplete, part of a sentence2. Run-on- too much, two or more sentences

written incorrectly as one

To correct a fragment—add more words

To correct a run-on– semicolon (;) period and a capital letter (.T) comma and a conjunction (, and)