Date post: | 30-Jul-2015 |
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Table of Contents 1) Nationalities2) Stem Changers3) para4) IOP5) Pronoun Placement6) Gustar7)Affirmative and Negative Words 8) Superlatives9) Reflexives10) Affirmative tu commands +irregulars +pronoun placements 11) Negative tu commands +irregulars + pronoun placement12) Sequencing events13)Trigger Words14)Deber15)Modal Words16)Present Progressive17)-Car,-Gar,-Zar18)Present Progressive Irregulars19)_ly=_mente20)End adjectives with _a when adding _mente
Dormir o ue Yo- duermoTu- duermes
El,ella,usted- duermeNosotros-doremos
Ellos,ellas,ustedes- duermen
Stem-Changers
Pedir e I
Yo-pidoTu-pides
El,ella,usted-pideNosotros-pedemosEllos,ellas,ustedes-
piden
E/I endings-o-es-e
-emos-en
Object pronoun placement
1. Attach the pronoun to the infinitive2.Attach the pronoun to the progressive tense3.Attach the pronoun to the affirmative command4.Place the pronoun before the conjugated verb
EXAMPLE:Juan me compra un
regalo.
Affirmative and Negative Words
Algo Something
Alguien Someone
Algun/alguno Some
Siempre Always
Tambien also
Nada nothing
Nadie Nothing
ninguin/ninguno None, not any
Nunca Never
Tampoco Neither, either
Superlatives
• Express extremes for most adjectives • Ends in –isimo• EX: interesantisimo
C---QU G--GU Z--C
Reflexives
• Are used to indicate that the subject receives the action of the verb.
• Used when people do stuff to themselves. • EXAMPLES:
Me lavo nos lavamosTe lavas os lavaisSe lave se lavan
IRREGULAR AFFIRMATIVE TU COMMANDS
Decir---diHacer---haz
Ir---vePoner---pon
Salir---salSer---sal
Tener---tenVenir---ven
Irregular nagative tu commands
Dar(doy)Yo Form
estar(estoy)Ir(voy)Ser(soy)
NegativeDES
ESTESvayasseas
Sequencing eventsPrimero Entonces Luego/
despues Porfin Antes de/
Despues dePor la manana/Tarde/ noche
Los lunes, matrtes, etc
Fisrt Then Before, After
Finally Before/after
In the/During the
On the dayof
Trigger WordsUn dia
Una vezAyer
A nocheHace un olfo
YaEl mes pasando
AnteayerPor una hora
Por finA las ocho
El cinco de febrero
A VECESMIENTRASCABO DIA
A MENUDOMUCHAR VECESTODOS LOS DIAS
SIEMPREDE VEZ UN CUANDO
FREQUELMENTE
Modal Verbs
Deber- shouldDesear- to desireNecisitar- to need
Poder- to be able toQuerer- to wantSaber- to knowSoler- used to
Present Progressive
• -ando• Put pronouns before the conjugated form of
estar• Attatch them to the end of the present
participle
Estoy esperando
-Car,-Gar,-ZarTocar Jugar Comenenzar
toqué jugué comencé
tocó jugaste comenzaste
tocamos jugó comenzó
tocoron jugamos comenzamos
tocaste jugaron comenzoron
Present Progressive irregulars
• When the stem of an –er or –ir verbs ends in a vowl, change the –iendo to yendo.
• E-i
Leer----leyendoOír----oyendo
Perdi----pidiendo
_Ly=_Mente
• Describes how something was done• When an adjective ends in e, l , or z, simply
add –mente to the end.• EXAMPLE:
RecientementeFrecuentemente
Fácilmente