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Grays Harbor

Date post: 24-Feb-2016
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Grays Harbor. Headwaters originate from Olympic and Cascade mountains Rainfall driven Estuary comprised of low gradient mudflats 37 mi 2 at MLLW 90 mi 2 at MHHW Drainage area = 2,600 mi 2 1,391 streams with 3,353 linear stream miles Major Tributaries Humptulips River Hoquiam River - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Grays Harbor Headwaters originate from Olympic and Cascade mountains Rainfall driven Estuary comprised of low gradient mudflats 37 mi 2 at MLLW 90 mi 2 at MHHW Drainage area = 2,600 mi 2 1,391 streams with 3,353 linear stream miles Major Tributaries Humptulips River Hoquiam River Wishkah River Chehalis River Wynoochee River Satsop River Black River Newaukum River Skookumchuck River
Transcript
Page 1: Grays Harbor

Grays Harbor• Headwaters originate from

Olympic and Cascade mountains• Rainfall driven• Estuary comprised of low gradient

mudflats• 37 mi2 at MLLW• 90 mi2 at MHHW• Drainage area = 2,600 mi2

• 1,391 streams with 3,353 linear stream miles

• Major Tributaries• Humptulips River• Hoquiam River• Wishkah River• Chehalis River• Wynoochee River• Satsop River• Black River• Newaukum River• Skookumchuck River

Page 2: Grays Harbor

Willapa Bay• Headwaters originate from Willapa

Hills, with exception of North River• Rainfall driven• Estuary comprised of low gradient

mudflats• Second largest estuary on West

Coast• 174 mi2 at MLLW• 260 mi2 at MHHW• Drainage area = 720 mi2

• 754 streams with 1,470 linear stream miles

• Major Tributaries• Cedar River• North River• Willapa River• Niawiakum River• Palix River• Nemah River• Naselle River• Bear River

Page 3: Grays Harbor

Key Environmental Factors

• Grays Harbor– Weeks 40-48 (October – November)– Temperature (oC)• October: =12.5, min=9.7, max=15.6• November: =9.5, min=5.4, max=11.8

– Salinity (psu)• October: =19.5, min=0.2, max=29.1• November: =16.4, min=0.02, max=28.7

Page 4: Grays Harbor

Key Environmental Factors• Willapa Bay

– Temperature (oC)• Mid-August through mid- September

– August 15th – 31st: =18.0, min=11.0 max=21.0 – September 1st-15th: =17.0, min=7.5 max=20.6

• Mid-September through end of October– September 16th -31st: =16.5, min=11.2 max=20.1 – October 1st-31st: =13.2, min=10.1 max=16.9

– Salinity (psu)• Mid-August through mid- September

– August 15th – 31st: =28.0, min=2.8 max=32.7– September 1st-15th: =28.3, min=7.5 max=32.3

• Mid-September through end of October– September 16th -31st: =28.0, min=7.9 max=32.7 – October 1st-31st: =26.6, min=0.9 max=32.4

Page 5: Grays Harbor

• Current rates used– Chinook• Gill net: 45% From Ashbrook et al 2004• Tangle net: 25% From TAC (14.7%), with buffer

– Coho• Gill net: 45% - From Chinook

Page 6: Grays Harbor

2013 Regulations

• Grays Harbor– 2A/2D: 45 min soak, recovery box required,

release unmarked Chinook• 1 day 4.25” tangle net• 9 days 5-6.5” gill net

– 2C: • 4 days 5-8.5” gill net

Page 7: Grays Harbor

2013 Regulations• Willapa Bay– Aug. 12 – Sept. 13:

• 21 days 5-9” gill net• Release wild Chinook, 45 minute soak, recovery box required

– Sept. 15 – Sept. 22: • 8 days 5-6” gill net• Release wild Chinook, 45 minute soak, recovery box required

– Sept. 23 – Oct. 31• 20 days 5-6.5” gill net• Release wild Chinook, 45 minute soak, recovery box required

– November 6 – 20• 15 days 5-6.5” or 9” minimum gill net

Page 8: Grays Harbor

Fishery Location Time Period GearGrays Harbor (areas 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D)

Weeks 40-48 Gillnet, 6 1/2” maximum mesh

Grays Harbor (areas 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D)

Weeks 40-48 Tangle net, 4 ¼” maximum mesh

Willapa Bay (areas 2M-2T)

Mid-August through mid-September

Gillnet, 9” maximum mesh

Willapa Bay (areas 2M–2T)

Mid-September through October 31

Gillnet, 6 ½” maximum mesh

Table 1. Fishery locations, time periods, gear, and WACs for consideration by the IFSP.

Page 9: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor 6.5” Gill Net Weeks 40-48– October through November

Page 10: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 6.5” Gill Net, Oct-Nov– Columbia River, 2001 & 2002, Long Term Mortality = 45%– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Columbia

• Species:– Chinook: Lower (Fall vs. Spring– maturation)– Chum:

• Temp: No significant difference (9.5-12.5oC vs. 9oC)• Salinity: Higher (estuary transition zone vs. river) • Mesh: No significant difference (6.5” vs 5.5-8”)• Migration Duration: Lower (30d versus 180d)• Soak Time: Lower (23 min vs. 39min)

– 45 minutes by regulation, 2C no maximum soak time• Recapture: No significant difference?, except 2A Higher (confined river vs.

large open river)

Page 11: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 6.5” Gill Net, Oct-Nov– Willapa Bay, 2000, Immediate Mortality = 20.5%– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Willapa Bay

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Lower (9.5-12.5oC vs. 13.7oC)• Salinity: Higher? (20 ppt vs. 28 ppt) • Mesh: No significant difference (6.5” vs 7.25”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Lower (23 min vs. 32min)• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined, Immediate mortality = 24.5%

Page 12: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 6.5” Gill Net, Oct-Nov– Willapa Bay, 2001, Immediate Mortality = 12.8%– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Willapa Bay

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Lower (9.5-12.5oC vs. 13.7oC)• Salinity: Higher? (20 ppt vs. 28 ppt) • Mesh: No significant difference (5.75” vs 5.75”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: No significant difference (23min vs. 28min)• Recapture: No significant difference

Page 13: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 6.5” Gill Net, Oct-Nov– Willapa Bay, 2003, Immediate Mortality = 15%– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Willapa Bay

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Lower (9.5-12.5oC vs. ~15.5oC)• Salinity: Higher? (20 ppt vs. 28 ppt) • Mesh: No significant difference (5.75” vs 5.75”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Higher (23min vs. 13min)• Recapture: No significant difference

– Also examined coho, Immediate Mortality = 10.9%

Page 14: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor 4.25” Tangle Net

Page 15: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 4.25” Tangle Net, Oct-Nov– Columbia River, 2003, Long Term Mortality = 15.6%

• Revised by TAC to 14.7%– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Columbia

• Species: – Chinook: Lower (Fall Chinook vs. Spring Chinook – maturation)– Chum:

• Temp: No significant difference (9.5-12.5oC vs. 9oC)• Salinity: Higher (estuary transition zone vs. river) • Mesh: No significant difference (4.25” vs 4.25-4.5”)• Migration Duration: Lower (30d versus 180d)• Soak Time: Higher (45min vs. 34min)• Recapture: No significant difference?, except 2A Higher (confined river vs. large

open river)

Page 16: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 4.25” Tangle Net, Oct-Nov– Willapa Bay, 2000 & 2001, Immediate Mortality = 5.9 % (8.1 & 3.7)– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Willapa Bay

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Lower (9.5-12.5oC vs. ~13.5oC)• Salinity: Higher? (20 ppt vs. 28 ppt) • Mesh: Higher (4.25” vs 3.5”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Lower (23min vs. 30min)

– 45 min by regulation• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined in 2001, Immediate Mortality = 19.9%

Page 17: Grays Harbor

• Grays Harbor, 4.25” Tangle Net, Oct-Nov– Willapa Bay, 2003, Immediate Mortality = 3.7 %– Effect on Mortality: Grays Harbor versus Willapa Bay

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Lower (9.5-12.5oC vs. ~13.5oC)• Salinity: Higher? (20 ppt vs. 28 ppt) • Mesh: Higher (4.25” vs 3.5”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Higher (23min vs. 14min)

– 45 min by regulation• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined in 2001, Immediate Mortality = 11.3%

Page 18: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay 9” Gill Net

Page 19: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 9” Gill Net, Aug 16 – Sept. 15– Columbia River, 2001 & 2002, Long Term Mortality = 45%– Effect on Mortality: Willapa Bay versus Columbia River

• Species: – Chinook: Lower (Fall Chinook vs. Spring Chinook – maturation)– Chum:

• Temp: Higher (17-18oC vs. 9oC)• Salinity: Higher (estuary transition zone vs. river) • Mesh: Higher (9” vs 5.5-8”)• Migration Duration: Lower (30d versus 180d)• Soak Time: Lower (30min vs. 39min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference?, except 2U Higher (confined river vs.

large open river)

Page 20: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 9” Gill Net, Aug 16 – Sept. 15– Willapa Bay, 2000, Immediate Mortality = 20.5%– Effect on Mortality: Current versus 2000

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Higher (17-18oC vs. 13.7oC)• Salinity: No significant difference • Mesh: Higher (9” vs 7.25”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference • Soak Time: No significant difference(30min vs. 32min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined, Immediate mortality = 24.5%

Page 21: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 9” Gill Net, Aug 16 – Sept. 15– Willapa Bay, 2001, Immediate Mortality = 12.8%– Effect on Mortality: Current versus 2001

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Higher (17-18oC vs. 13oC)• Salinity: Salinity: No significant difference • Mesh: Higher (9” vs 5.75”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: No significant difference (30min vs. 28min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference

Page 22: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 9” Gill Net, Aug 16 – Sept. 15– Willapa Bay, 2003, Immediate Mortality = 15%– Effect on Mortality: Current versus 2003

• Species: – Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Higher (17-18oC vs. ~15.5oC)• Salinity: No significant difference • Mesh: No significant difference (6.5” vs 5.75”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Higher (30min vs. 13min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference

– Also examined coho, Immediate Mortality = 10.9% (only time)

Page 23: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay 6.5” Tangle Net

Page 24: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 6.5” Tangle Net, Sept. 16 – Oct. 31– Columbia River, 2003, Long Term Mortality = 15.6%

• Revised by TAC to 13.7%– Effect on Mortality: Willapa Bay versus Columbia

• Species: – Chinook: Lower (Fall Chinook vs. Spring Chinook – maturation)– Chum:

• Temp: Higher (13.2-16.5oC vs. 9oC)• Salinity: Higher (estuary transition zone vs. river) • Mesh: Higher (6.5” vs 4.25-4.5”)• Migration Duration: Lower (30d versus 180d)• Soak Time: No significant difference (30min vs. 34min)

– 45 minutes by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference?, except 2U Higher (confined river vs. large

open river)

Page 25: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 6.5” Tangle Net, Sept. 16 – Oct. 31– Willapa Bay, 2000 & 2001, Immediate Mortality = 5.9% (8.1 & 3.7)– Effect on Mortality: Current versus 2000 & 2001 – Species:

– Chinook: No significant difference – Chum:

• Temp: Higher (13.2-16.5oC vs. ~13.5oC)• Salinity: No significant difference • Mesh: Higher (6.5” vs 3.5”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: No significant difference(30min vs. 30min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined in 2001, Immediate Mortality = 19.9%

Page 26: Grays Harbor

• Willapa Bay, 6.5” Tangle Net, Sept. 16 – Oct. 31– Willapa Bay, 2003, Immediate Mortality = 3.7 %– Effect on Mortality: Current versus 2003

– Chinook: No significant difference – Chum :

• Temp: Higher(13.2-16.5oC vs. ~13.5oC)• Salinity : No significant difference • Mesh: Higher (6.5” vs 3.5”)• Migration Duration: No significant difference (30d versus 30d)• Soak Time: Higher (30min vs. 14min)

– 45 min by regulation except late November• Recapture: No significant difference

– Coho also examined in 2001, Immediate Mortality = 11.3%

Page 27: Grays Harbor

Other Miscelleneous Data

• Baranski 1980: Reports higher mortality rates for Skagit River Chinook caught in lower river (98%) versus upper river 1 month later (<5%)

• Zajec: Reports immediate mortality rates for Chum in Quilcene Bay of 26% and 10%

• Baker et al. 2013: found evidence for delayed or inhibited maturation in fish with disentanglement injuries

Page 28: Grays Harbor

Immediate versus Long Term

• Only Studies are Columbia River– Ratio is 7X to 65X– Is 7X the minimum value?

• Mortality versus time– What is shape of function?– Hooking mortality, most mortality is within first

few days

Page 29: Grays Harbor

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