Greek and Latin Roots 1

51-63

Helios Greeksun

• Helios – sun god; also called Apollo or Phaethon

• Heliotrope – (tropos-turn) –plant which turns toward the sun

• Helium – light gas used in balloons• Heliocentric Theory – theory

discovered by Nicholas Copernicus, the sun is the center of the universe

• Aphelion – (apo-away from) – furthest point from the sun in earth’s orbit

• Helioscope – (skopeo-look) – telescope for looking at the sun

• Helicopter – machine that flies close to the sun

Sol Latinsun

• Solar – pertaining to the sun• Solar system – the sun with the

objects which revolve around it• Solarium – a sun dial; a glass

enclosed sun room• Solaster – (astron-star) – a star

fish with more than five rays; a sun-star fish

• Parasol – (Italian-parare-to ward off) – a light portable sunshade

• Solstice – (sisto, statum-set, cause to stand) – stopping or standing still of the sun

Luna Latinmoon

• Lunar – of or pertaining to the moon• Lunatic – mad; affected by the

moon• Lunacy – madness caused by the

moon; moonstruck• Lunambulist – (ambulo, ambulatum-

walk) – one whose sleep walking is supposedly caused by the moon

• Lunarium – instrument showing the phases and motions of the moon

• Interlunar – (inter-between) – time between old and new moon when the moon is invisible

Dia Greekthrough, between, across, apart

• Diadem – (desmos-bond) – bound across the forehead, a wreath or crown

• Diagram – (graph-write, draw) – a cross-section drawing

• Diagonal – (gony-knee) – line between two non-adjacent corners in a figure of four or more sides

• Diamond – (a-not+damas-tame) – hardest substance

• Diameter – line across the middle of a circle

Trans Latinacross, over, beyond, through

• Transport – (porto, portatum-carry) – carry across

• Translate – across languages• Transcript – (scribo, scriptum –

write) – speech put into writing• Transfer – (fero, latum – carry) –

carry across• Transform – (formo, formatum-

form, shape) - change over to a different form

• Transplant – (planta-sprout, plant) – move a plant

Geo Greekearth

• Geography – (graph-write, draw) – draw the earth (make maps) and write about it

• Geographer – one who makes maps and writes about it

• Geology – (logos-word, study) – study of the earth and its formations

• Geologist – one who studies the formations of the earth’s crust; rocks, minerals, oil, etc

• Geometry – (metron-measure) – branch of study on ways to measure the earth

Terra Latinland

• Territory – land under control of a government or owner

• Terrace – raised platform of earth• Terra cotta – (coquo, coctum-cook)

– cooked earth, fired clay pottery, tiles

• Terrarium – garden in a small glass container

• Terrestrial – pertaining to the earth• Extraterrestrial – (extra-outside) –

outside the earth’s atmosphere• Mediterranean Sea – (medius-

middle) – the sea in the middle of the land

Dormio, Dormitum Latinsleep

• Dormant – sleeping• Dormant spray – insecticide

for plants used in the non growing season

• Dormitory – place for sleeping• Dormer window – bedroom

window set into a roof• Dormouse – sleeping

(hibernating) mouse• Dormitive – something that

causes sleep• Dormition – act of sleeping

Hypnos Greeksleep

• Hypnosis – sleep-like state controlled by a hypnotizer

• Hypnotize – put into a hypbotic sleep or trance

• Hypnology – (logos-word, study) – study of sleep

• Hypnotic – tending to induce sleep

• Hypnotherapy - (therapeia-treatment) treatment of disease by hypnosis

• Hypnophobia – (phobos-fear) – fear of sleep

Annus Latinyear

• Annual – yearly• Anniversary – (verto,

versum-turn) clebration marking the turning of a year

• Centennial – (centum-hundred) – every hundred years

• Annals – historical events recorded year by year

• Annuity – amount of money paid yearly

Lithos Greekstone

• Lithograph – (graph-write, draw) – picture drawn on stone

• Monolith – (monos-one, alone) – lone stone

• Megalith – (megas-large) – large stone

• Paleolithic – (paleo-old, ancient) – ancient stone age after the eolithic era

• Neolithic – (neo-new) – new or late stone age

• Eolithic – (eo-dawn) – earliest stone age

Petros Greekrock, stone

• Petrified – (facio, factum – make, do) – made into stone

• Petrifaction – process of making into stone

• Petroleum – (oleum-olive, olive oil) – oil from rocks

• Petroglyph – (glyphein-carve) – rock carving

• Petrography – (graph-write, draw) – writing about rocks

• Petrous – hard, stone-like, rocky

Astron Greekstar

• Aster – star shaped flower• Astronomer – (onoma-name) – one

who names stars• Asteroid – (eidos-form) – in the form

of a star• Astrologer – (logos-study, knowledge)

– one who gets knowledge from stars• Astronaut (nauta-sailor) – star sailor• Disaster – (dis-separation or parting

from) – separation from the good influence of friendly stars

• Astral – pertaining to stars (astral navigastion – navigating by the stars)

• Astrodome – covered stadium where sports stars perform