Date post: | 18-Jan-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | marvin-marshall |
View: | 282 times |
Download: | 2 times |
Greek and Roman Greek and Roman MythologyMythology
A ReviewA ReviewOf gods, goddesses, & Of gods, goddesses, &
creaturescreatures
What is a myth?What is a myth? A traditional story rooted in A traditional story rooted in
primitive folk beliefs of culturesprimitive folk beliefs of cultures Uses the supernatural to interpret Uses the supernatural to interpret
natural eventsnatural events Explains the culture’s view of the Explains the culture’s view of the
universe and the nature of universe and the nature of humanityhumanity
In the beginning...In the beginning... ……was Chaos (shapeless nothingness)was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) Chaos had two children:Chaos had two children:
– Night (darkness)Night (darkness)– Erebus (death)Erebus (death)
““All was black, empty, silent, All was black, empty, silent, endless.”endless.”
Mysteriously, Love was born of Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.darkness and death.
And then...And then... When Love was born, order and When Love was born, order and
beauty began to flourish.beauty began to flourish. Love created Light and Day.Love created Light and Day. Earth was created.Earth was created.
– She was the solid ground, but also a She was the solid ground, but also a personality.personality.
The Earth bore Heaven to cover her The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.and be a home for the gods.
The First ParentsThe First Parents Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia)Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia) Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus)Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus) They had three kinds of children:They had three kinds of children:
– Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 headsheads
– Three cyclopesThree cyclopes– The titansThe titans
These were the first characters that had the appearance of These were the first characters that had the appearance of life, although it was unlike any life known to man.life, although it was unlike any life known to man.
The Titans (The Elder The Titans (The Elder Gods)Gods)
There were many of them.There were many of them. Enormous size, incredible strengthEnormous size, incredible strength Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titansCronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titans Rhea: Wife of CronosRhea: Wife of Cronos Ocean: River that encircled the worldOcean: River that encircled the world Iapetus: Father of Prometheus,Iapetus: Father of Prometheus,
Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)
The Principal GodsThe Principal Gods Cronos and Rhea Cronos and Rhea
were parents ofwere parents of– Zeus (Jupiter, Jove)Zeus (Jupiter, Jove)– Poseidon Poseidon
(Neptune)(Neptune)– Hades (Pluto)Hades (Pluto)– Hera (Juno)Hera (Juno)– Hestia (Vesta)Hestia (Vesta)– Demeter (Ceres)Demeter (Ceres)
Other Olympians Other Olympians includeinclude– Athena (Minerva)Athena (Minerva)– Ares (Mars)Ares (Mars)– Hebe (Juventas)Hebe (Juventas)– Hephaestus (Vulcan)Hephaestus (Vulcan)– Apollo (Apollo)Apollo (Apollo)– Artemis (Diana)Artemis (Diana)– Hermes (Mercury)Hermes (Mercury)– Aphrodite (Venus)Aphrodite (Venus)– Dionysus (Bacchus)Dionysus (Bacchus)– PersephonePersephone
Traits of Gods and GoddessesTraits of Gods and Goddesses immortalimmortal slightly larger than slightly larger than
humans in sizehumans in size live on Mt. Olympuslive on Mt. Olympus beauty is beauty is
exaggeratedexaggerated "ichor" flowed "ichor" flowed
through their veins: through their veins: clearer and lighter clearer and lighter than bloodthan blood
intense passions: intense passions: jealousy, rage, lust, jealousy, rage, lust, etc…etc…
can suffer physical paincan suffer physical pain supernatural powers; supernatural powers;
appear, disappear, appear, disappear, change forms (humans, change forms (humans, animals, gods)animals, gods)
all gods are not all gods are not omnipotent or omnipotent or omniscient omniscient
(Zeus/Apollo use oracles (Zeus/Apollo use oracles to be omniscient)to be omniscient)
eat ambrosia (immortal eat ambrosia (immortal stuff) & drink stuff) & drink nectar/winenectar/wine
The OlympiansThe Olympians
ZeusZeus Chief of the Chief of the
OlympiansOlympians god of sky, lightning, god of sky, lightning,
& thunder& thunder Carried a thunderbolt Carried a thunderbolt
as his symbolas his symbol Married to HeraMarried to Hera fathered many fathered many
characters in characters in mythologymythology
ZeusZeus
HeraHera Wife of ZeusWife of Zeus goddess of marriage & goddess of marriage &
homehome Symbol is a peacock Symbol is a peacock
(for her beauty)(for her beauty) Highest-ranking female Highest-ranking female
OlympianOlympian Terribly jealous & often Terribly jealous & often
punished the women punished the women Zeus has affairs withZeus has affairs with
PoseidonPoseidon Moody & quarrelsome Moody & quarrelsome
brother of Zeus brother of Zeus god of the seas, god of the seas,
oceans, earthquakes, oceans, earthquakes, and horses (invented and horses (invented for his sister Demeter)for his sister Demeter)
Seen with his TridentSeen with his Trident Married to Thetis, a Married to Thetis, a
water nymphwater nymph
AthenaAthena goddess of wisdom, goddess of wisdom,
justice, peace, & justice, peace, & intelligent warfareintelligent warfare
Sprang from Zeus’s Sprang from Zeus’s headhead
Seen with an owlSeen with an owl Athens is named for Athens is named for
her & her symbol is her & her symbol is the olive treethe olive tree
Most loved child of Most loved child of ZeusZeus
ApolloApollo god of light, sun, the god of light, sun, the
arts, music, arts, music, prophecy, prophecy, philosophy, & philosophy, & medicinemedicine
Twin brother of Twin brother of ArtemisArtemis
Drove his chariot Drove his chariot across the sun to pull across the sun to pull it each dayit each day
ArtemisArtemis goddess of goddess of
childbirth, the childbirth, the moon, & the huntmoon, & the hunt
Twin sister of Twin sister of ApolloApollo
Always carried a Always carried a silver bow & silver bow & arrowsarrows
Remained chaste Remained chaste and pureand pure
HephaestusHephaestus god of fire, volcanoes, god of fire, volcanoes,
and the forgeand the forge Blacksmith to the godsBlacksmith to the gods Least attractive of the Least attractive of the
gods & was crippled by gods & was crippled by his mother Herahis mother Hera
Usually carries his anvilUsually carries his anvil Married to Aprodite, Married to Aprodite,
who cheated on himwho cheated on him
AphroditeAphrodite goddess of love, goddess of love,
beauty, & desirebeauty, & desire Sprang from the Sprang from the
ocean foamocean foam Married to Married to
Hephaestus but Hephaestus but cheated with Arescheated with Ares
Son is Cupid Son is Cupid (Eros)(Eros)
AresAres god of wargod of war Known for riding his Known for riding his
chariot and chariot and carrying his spearcarrying his spear
Favored son of Favored son of HeraHera
Involved with Involved with AphroditeAphrodite
Bloodthristy & Bloodthristy & mercilessmerciless
HermesHermes god of thieves, mischief, god of thieves, mischief,
travelers, shepherds, travelers, shepherds, & humans& humans Messenger of the godsMessenger of the gods Wears his winged sandalsWears his winged sandals Sometimes holds a Sometimes holds a
caduceus (medical symbol)caduceus (medical symbol) Appears in more myths Appears in more myths
than any other characterthan any other character
HadesHades Sometimes not considered an Sometimes not considered an
Olympian because he lives in Olympian because he lives in the Underworld & gave up the Underworld & gave up seat on Mt. Olympusseat on Mt. Olympus
god of the Underworldgod of the Underworld Husband of PersephoneHusband of Persephone He is not death but simply He is not death but simply
watches over the dead.watches over the dead. Seen with Cerebeus, his Seen with Cerebeus, his
three-headed dogthree-headed dog
HestiaHestia Roman Name: Roman Name:
VestaVesta goddess of goddess of
home/hearthhome/hearth Symbol: Symbol:
Hearth/fireHearth/fire Powerful Powerful
ProtectorProtector
DionysusDionysus Roman Name: Roman Name:
BacchusBacchus god of wine, earth, & god of wine, earth, &
merrimentmerriment Patron god of the Patron god of the
Greek stageGreek stage Sprang from Zeus’s Sprang from Zeus’s
thighthigh Symbol: grapevine; Symbol: grapevine;
wine/cupwine/cup
DemeterDemeter Roman Name: CeresRoman Name: Ceres goddess of the goddess of the
harvest, earth, & harvest, earth, & fertilityfertility
Symbol: grainSymbol: grain Mother of Persephone Mother of Persephone
who grieves when who grieves when she goes to the she goes to the Underworld by Underworld by changing the seasonschanging the seasons
The MusesThe Muses 9 daughters of 9 daughters of
Zeus and Zeus and MnemosyneMnemosyne
inspired artists of inspired artists of all kindsall kinds
goddesses who goddesses who presided over the presided over the arts and sciencesarts and sciences
““He is happy whom He is happy whom the muses love.”the muses love.”
Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia
The GracesThe Graces 3 goddesses of 3 goddesses of
grace and grace and beautybeauty
““They give life its They give life its bloom.”bloom.”
Aglaia (Splendor)Euphrosyne (Mirth)Thalia (Good Cheer)
The FuriesThe Furies 3 Goddesses of 3 Goddesses of
VengeanceVengeance They punish They punish
evildoers.evildoers.
Tisiphone, Alecto, Megaera
The FatesThe Fates 3 sisters3 sisters They weave, They weave,
measure, and cut measure, and cut the thread of life for the thread of life for humans.humans.
Clotho (“The Spinner”)Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”)Atropos (“The cutter”)
The GorgonsThe Gorgons 3 snake-haired 3 snake-haired
monstersmonsters Medusa is most Medusa is most
well-known.well-known. Once beautiful Once beautiful
but were cursedbut were cursed Their looks turn Their looks turn
men to stone.men to stone.
The SatyrsThe Satyrs gods of the woods gods of the woods
and mountainsand mountains goat men (like Pan)goat men (like Pan) Companions of Companions of
DionysusDionysus They like to drink, They like to drink,
dance, and chase dance, and chase nymphs.nymphs.
The The CentaursCentaurs
Half man-half horseHalf man-half horse Savage creatures Savage creatures
(except Chiron)(except Chiron) Followers of Followers of
DionysusDionysus Chiron was a Chiron was a
teacher to Jason teacher to Jason and Achilles (both and Achilles (both famous Greek famous Greek heroes)heroes)
SourcesSources Graphics in this presentation were taken from Graphics in this presentation were taken from
the following web sites:the following web sites:– http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.htmlhttp://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html– http://www.pantheon.org/http://www.pantheon.org/– http://www.messagenet.com/myths/http://www.messagenet.com/myths/– http://mythman.com/http://mythman.com/– http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.htmlhttp://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html– http://www.paleothea.com/http://www.paleothea.com/– http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.htmlhttp://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html
This presentation is for educational purposes This presentation is for educational purposes only; it has not been and should not be sold or only; it has not been and should not be sold or used as a vehicle to make money.used as a vehicle to make money.