Green Building Jobs: A Train the Trainer session - sfenvironment.org · 2012. 4. 10. · "...

Green Building Jobs:A “Train the Trainer” session

Developed byDepartment of the Environment

City and County of San Francisco

http://www.pdfcomplete.com/cms/hppl/tabid/108/Default.aspx?r=q8b3uige22

Goals of the Training

• Offer an understanding of green jobs (specifically entry level green building jobs)

• Offer an understanding of green building• Offer ideas on the green building jobs reality


Green Building 101

Marc RichmondPractica Consulting

[email protected]


© Build It Green 20094

What is Green Building?• Myths:

– It’s weird looking– it’s about solar panels– it’s about recycled materials – it’s outside my budget– it doesn’t affect me



Green Building Variety

Multifamily/Condo

Single Family home

Fire Station

Office Skyscraper



Can You Tell the Difference?



The Differences are….

Bamboo

No VOC Paint

Salvaged Wood

Low VOC FinishHardwood Flooring

Paint with VOCs

Old Growth Wood

VOCs in Finish

Low-E windows Clear windows



“Whole-Systems” approach for designing & constructing buildings that:w are integrated into the wider site and communityw consume less energy & waterw are durable and easier to maintainw use resource efficient techniques & materialsw are healthier, safer, & more comfortable

This is just good design, construction & maintenance.It is about a comprehensive set of goals and being truly

committed to maintaining a sense of excellence about achieving those goals.

These concepts can appeal to a diverse audience because they are truly benefits to you and/or your clients.

What is Green Building?



Why Green Building Matters

• The following slides provide us with a perspective and context that should motivate us to transform the way we consider the built environment.

• Our goal is to show you that information can be used for positive change, without utilizing guilt as a weapon.

• Guilt is not a powerful motivator for anyone…



Climate ChangeU.S. CO2 Emissions by SectorU.S. Energy Consumption by Sector

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Statistics Center



In the U.S., buildings:1. consume 65% of electricity [1]2. create 30% of total greenhouse gas

emissions [2]3. create 136 million tons of C&D

waste each year [3]4. consume 12% of potable water [ 4]5. use 40% of raw materials globally

[5]We typically don’t see the effects of

these statistics every day…

Why is Green Building Important?

1. U.S. DOE, Energy Information Administration, March 2001, Monthly Energy Review.2. U.S. DOE, Energy Information Administration, “Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1999.” 3. U.S. EPA, 1998, “Characterization of Building-Related Construction and Demolition Debris in the United States.”4. U.S. Geological Service, 1995 data.5. Lenssen and Roodman, 1995, “Worldwatch Paper 124: A Building Revolution: How Ecology and Health Concerns

are Transforming Construction,” Worldwatch Institute.



Environmental Impacts of Buildings

• Wood constitutes 84% of residential construction

• Construction of a 2,085 sq ft home uses up to 1.5 acres of forest (16,000 board feet, 23 20” diameter trees)Source: National Association of Homebuilders

• For each ton of Portland cementproduced, 1 ton of CO2 is emitted intothe atmosphere.Source: Natural Resources Defense Council

• Homes have been growing, families have been reducing



Waste Generation in Construction

In the US• C&D waste accounts for

12-50% of the entire waste stream

• 4.3 mil. tons of construction and demolition (C&D) waste generated per year in California alone

• This indicates how we do as manufacturers, designers, and installers.



– We spend over 90% of our time indoors (EPA)– 60% of homes and 30% of commercial

buildings are classified as “sick” (EPA)– We can’t see sick air

Why is Green Building Important to our health?

n Indoor air pollution is 2-5x worse than outside



The Benefits of Good IEQImproved occupant performance, reduced absenteeism and

employee turnover§ Estimated $29 –168 billion in national productivity losses

per year due to failing to take advantage of benefits of green buildings 1

§ Providing a healthy workplace improves employee satisfaction

§ Student test performance is better in daylit schools. 2, 3

Increase retail sales with daylighting§ Studies have shown ~40% improvement 4

1. Fisk and Rosenfeld, 1998, “Improved Indoor Environment Could Save Billions of Dollars”2. Nicklas and Bailey, “Analysis of the Performance of Students in Day lit Schools,” Innovative Design, Raleigh, NC, www.innovativedesign.net.3. Hathaway, Hargreaves, Thompson, and Novitsky, 1992, “A Study Into the Effects of Light on Children of Elementary School Age - A Case of Daylight Robbery,” Policy and Planning Branch, Planning and Information Services Division, Alberta Education, Canada.4. Heschong, 1999, “Skylighting and Retail Sales: An Investigation into the Relationship Between Daylighting and Human Performance,” www.h-m-g.com/Daylighting. (studied Wal-Mart stores)



Benefits of Green BuildingEnvironmental benefits§ Reduces impacts of natural resource use

Health and safety benefits § Enhances occupant comfort and health, as well as

the greater communityCommunity benefits§ Minimizes strain on local infrastructures and

improves quality of building stock and lifeEconomic benefits§ Improves the bottom line for owners, building

professional, community



Principles of Green Building• Community Design• Energy Efficiency• Water Efficiency• Resource Conservation• Indoor Environmental Quality



Community Design• Urban infill or transit

oriented• Clustered; higher

density; efficient size

• Pedestrian friendly• Designed for safety &

social gathering• Accessible &

adaptable

Transportation energy use associated with a particular building can be 30-140% greater than the energy use of the building itself – Environmental Building News; Sept 2007


Community DesignDevelop Infill Sites, DensityCool site – Urban Heat IslandBrownfield Remediation



Community DesignPedestrian Access to Services and RecreationTraffic-Calming StrategiesProximity to Transit



Community DesignDesigning for Safety & Social Gathering• Views from in to out for all occupants• Views of neighbor’s front doors• Porches to monitor activities & foster

neighborhood interaction

Double peep-hole



© Build It Green 2009 22

Usability• Wider doors/halls/stairs, zero step

entrances ease moving people/stuff• Lever handles can be used with hand or

elbow• Pocket doors save space• Cabinets: Slide-outs, lazy-susans, child-

proofing• Blocking prepares for future grab bars


© Build It Green 2009 23

UsabilityLow switch & lever handle

Accessible appliances

Flexible countertop & cabinet

Faucet @ stove fills pot without having to lift



Energy Efficiency• Climatic design• Structural system• Increased insulation• Air sealing• Windows

n LightingnEnergy Star

appliancesnHVAC design,

installation & testingnRenewable energy


Passive Solar Design

• Harvest sun’s heat in winter• Reduce heating

requirements 30-50%, saving energy and money

Trellises shade windows during hot summer months at this Livermore house (Centex Homes)

• South facing glass

• Thermal mass• Shading


Insulation• All insulation is “green” because it saves

energy and increases comfort• Even greener choices include recycled

content and healthier products • Popular choices:

– Cellulose– Fiberglass (formaldehyde free) – Cotton – Spray foam


Bad Installations don’t deliver rated R-value (resistance to heat)


Recycled Content Insulation

Cotton

Fiberglass Cellulose


Total-Fill Insulations

Cellulose

Foam

Fiberglass Blown-in Blanket system (BIB)


Caulking and Sealing• Air sealing

– Reduction in air infiltration increases comfort and reduces energy bills

– 25% or more of heat loss in most houses is through air infiltration

• Rated vs. Actual R-Value– Air infiltration can reduce a

wall's rated insulative value from R-13 to an effective value of R-5 (DuPont)


Lighting

• Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs)– Use 70% less electricity

than incandescent bulbs– Last up to 10 years– Save up to $120 over the

life of the bulb• Daylighting

– Windows & skylights


Energy Star Appliances• Horizontal axis washing machine

– Use up to 40% less water and 50% less energy than conventional top loading washers

• Refrigerators– Single largest power consumer in

most households– Efficient refrigerators can save

over 10% of the total annual electrical bill


HVAC Sizing• The load on a home must be calculated

using ACCA Manual J based on energy efficiency of the home (i.e. insulation, windows, lighting, orientation, etc.)

• This has always been a code requirement nationally since 1983, but rarely done.

• Use Manual D for Ducts and Manual S for picking Systems


Sealed Combustion/Direct Vent Gas HVAC

• Install 90% or Greater Efficiency Gas Forced Air Furnace– Costs much less to

operate than electric resistance heat and heats better

– Use sealed combustion


Duct Issues• Ducts leak average of 30%• Leaky ducts waste energy

and hurt comfort• Leaky air ducts can cause

negative pressure• This can pull CO out of

gas appliances into the home

• Use duct mastic on allduct joints


Systems Testing• Verify that building

elements and systems are designed, installed, and calibrated to operate as intended– Duct leakage– Envelope leakage– Combustion appliance

backdrafting


Temp gauge

Blower Door

Flow hood

Duct Blaster

Infrared camera


Solar Photovoltaic andSolar Thermal

• Transform solar energy into electricity– Electricity can be sold to local utility (net

metering) until a zero balance is achieved over 12 months

• Let the sun heat your water



Water Efficiency• Interior

– Water conserving toilets, clothes & dishwashers

– Aerators on faucets – Low-flow showerheads– Plumbing effectively designed

and insulated– FIX LEAKS!

• Exterior– Minimized turf– Native and drought-resistant

vegetation– High-efficiency irrigation– Hydrozoning (plants grouped

by water needs)

Clothes Washers

22%

Toilets 27%

Showers 17%

Faucets 16%

Leaks 14%

Other 2%

Baths 2%Dishwashers 1%

Clothes Washers

22%

Toilets 27%

Showers 17%

Faucets 16%

Leaks 14%

Other 2%

Baths 2%Dishwashers 1%

19% of electricity and 32% of gas in CA is used for water purposes (pump, heat, clean)Use of water in the

average US home


Resource Efficient Landscapes• Native and low water use vegetation:

– Reduce yard & garden maintenance– Reduce pests & need for pesticides– Reduce water use

• Less turf• Efficient irrigation systems:

– Drip systems, moisture sensors, weather database controllers

• Hydrozone plants according to water needs

• Trees to moderate local temperatures


Irrigation System Uses Recycled Wastewater


Water Harvesting• From rain, AC condensate, or sumps• Reduces the need to use treated,

potable water for watering of lawns and gardens

• harvestingrainwater.com• HarvestH2O.com• arcsa-usa.org


Water Efficiency• Water conserving appliances• Install aerators on faucets and

low-flow showerheads• Insulate hot water pipes


On-Demand Hot Water Circulation Pump• Moves hot water from water heater to most remote fixture in

seconds • No water loss. No running water to wait for hot to arrive at fixture • Most homeowners run water ~ 2-5 min. while waiting for hot water

to arrive, wasting ~ 3-7 gallons of water



Resource Conservation• Resourceful use of

materials– Efficient design – Smart construction– Resourceful materials

• C&D waste diversion

• Material choice– Reused, Recycled,

Renewable– Local– FSC Certified wood

• Life cycle considerations– Manufacturing– Durability– Recyclability


Site• Recycle Job Site

Construction Waste– Reduces pressure on landfills– Saves money by reducing tipping

fees– Provides raw materials for future

building products

• Donate unused building materials– Reduces landfill deposits– Helps local charitable organizations– Donations may be tax deductible


FSC Certified Wood• Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification

guarantees that forests are managed in a way that will assure the long-term availability of precious woods while protecting old growth forests

www.fscus.org


Roofing • Use durable, light colored,

non-combustible materials


Exterior Finish

• Fiber Cement Siding– More durable than wood

(50 year warranty)– Pest/termite resistant– Non-combustible – Reduces demand for old

growth redwood or cedar siding


Exterior FinishRecycled Composite

Decking– Made from recycled plastic (bags &

laundry bottles) and wood chips/sawdust from factories

– Installs like wood; excellent durability provides cost-savings to homeowner over the life of the product

– Does not warp, rot, crack or splinter

– No sealers/stains/paint required– Reduces pressure on old-growth

forests


Green Flooring• FSC Certified wood• Salvaged materials• Bamboo• Natural linoleum or Cork• Finished concrete• Recycled content tile• Wool or recycled content

carpet



Indoor Air/Environmental Quality IAQ/IEQ

• Materials & Finishes:– No- or Low-VOC paints,

finishes & adhesives– Low-formaldehyde

products

• Combustion gas safety• Ventilation & moisture

management– “build tight & ventilate right”– ventilation fans– crawlspace vapor barrier– Drainage and flashing


Construction IAQ Management Plan • Protecting the safety of the workers, occupants,

and immediate community


• California requires “VOC compliant paints” and only those that are photochemically reactive– Not necessarily “Low-VOC”

• Similar durability and spreadability to paints with VOCs– Myths are still out there!– 10 yrs of R&D to get best products

• VOCs out-gas for months• All major manufacturers have a

no-VOC paint that is very high quality today. Buy it!

Paints


Adhesives• Use low-VOC adhesives:

– Reduces emission of VOCs and formation of smog

– Improves indoor air quality– Available from most major

manufacturers– Look for VOC levels < 50 g/l,

or even better < 10 g/l


Low-Formaldehyde Materials• Formaldehyde is a known human

carcinogen• Pressed wood products are generally

made with urea formaldehyde adhesives– Particleboard – Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF)– Finish plywood– Cabinets, stair treads, and shelving

• CA has new increasing standards for reduced formaldehyde content, but can still buy products with even less formaldehyde


High Efficiency Air Filters• Look for a pleated media filter of

MERV 6-8• Avoid denser filters, as they reduce

the system’s air flow too much• Thicker filters need to be replaced

less often



ValueGreen Building is a vital, growing business element

– Higher product quality (durability, fewer callbacks, liability issues)

– Valued by customers (quality, comfort, health, resale value)

– Offers a greater sense of fulfillment for owner and staff– Doing this right can bring marketplace success and good

jobs over the long term



What Can You Do?• Understand that you are powerful and have

immense effect through your program, your graduates, and your and their personal lives

• Educate yourself, students, team and network• Make green building practices a core goal• Keep improving, measure your progress



Enduring Advice• Maintain a holistic perspective and a sense of balance.• Understand the synergies of the building systems and

that you can never just change one thing.• Look for the simple and the 80% solutions. Don’t let

perfection stand in the way of action.• Don’t get enamored by technology as your solution to

all your problems. Get an understanding of the present situation and why things are not working as well as they could.

• Focus on what you can do, not what you cannot (look for the “Yes,” not the “No”). This is a practice that is still evolving.


Green Building in San Francisco

Rich ChienDepartment of the Environment

City and County of San [email protected]


Green Job Descriptions

Marc RichmondPractica Consulting

[email protected]


Green Job Descriptions

• Description:• Salary:• Min Ed. Req.:• Recommended Coursework:• Certification Required:• Experience req.: Entry Level• Desired Education:• Growth Potential:• Employer Type:• Related Careers:

Sources for information on job descriptions is the Green Jobs Guidebook from EDF


Associated Job Creations

• Products:

• Equipment:

• Services:


3. Energy Retrofits - Insulation Installer• Description: Responsible for pasting, wiring, taping or

spraying insulation into a variety of structures and surfaces to exclude or retain heat

• Salary: $10-12/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Diploma/GED• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading, and

construction skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level, 1-3 month related experience• Desired Education:• Growth Potential: Huge growth likely• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– Carpenter


3. Energy Retrofits – Air Sealing Technician• Description: Develop and implement effective air sealing

techniques and applications while receiving on the job training working ad explaining for customers about the applications and benefits of air sealing


construction skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level• Desired Education: Trade School or Apprenticeship• Growth Potential: Huge growth likely• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– HVAC Trainee– Insulation Installer– Carpenter


3. Energy Retrofits –Associated Job Creations

• Products: Insulation, caulk, foam, weatherstripping, mastic, ductwork, HVAC units, windows

• Equipment: Basic hand tools and power tools, Trucks, insulation blowing equipment

• Services: Insulation, HVAC, Electrical, Training


3. Furniture making from environmentally certified and recycled wood –

Workshop Helper• Description: Assists the lead carpenter in basic furniture and

cabinet making tasks such as basic carpentry, sanding, finishing, using woodshop tools and machinery, and installation

• Salary: $10-15/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Diploma/GED• Recommended Coursework: basic to mid level math, reading,

and construction skills, drafting• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level plus 1 year exp in fine carpentry• Desired Education: Trade School or Apprenticeship• Growth Potential: Medium growth likely• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– Carpenter


3. Furniture making from environmentally certified and recycled wood –

Associated Job Creations• Products: Lumber and plywood,

hardware, wood sealers • Equipment: Basic hand tools and power

tools, woodworking machinery • Services: Trucking


6. Green Building – Carpenter’s helper• Description: Assists lead carpenter in performing basic

carpentry tasks including moving, cutting and installing materials

• Salary: $11-18/hr• Min Ed. Req.: None• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level, 3-12 months general labor exp.• Desired Education:• Growth Potential: SF’s new construction market has not fallen

as hard as the rest of the Bay Area or CA, but it is still suffering. Green remodeling has not suffered fewer job losses.

• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– Carpenter– Deconstruction Worker– Insulation Installer


6. Green Building –Associated Job Creations

• Products: Concrete, lumber and plywood, hardware, cabinets, trim, wiring, piping, insulation, drywall, paint, windows, siding, roofing, decking

• Equipment: Basic hand tools and power tools, Trucks

• Services: Concrete, Plumbing, Electrical, Roofing, HVAC, Insulation, Drywall, Painting


8. Hauling & reuse of construction & demolition materials (C&D) –

Recycling Center Operator• Description: Performs daily operations at a Recycling

Center, including materials processing and customer service, and hand sorts and separates recyclable from non-recyclable materials according to established procedures

• Salary: $11-18/hr• Min Ed. Req.: None• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level, 1 year general labor exp.• Desired Education:• Growth Potential: 1000 new job in refuse collection by 2016• Employer Type: Private firms, Government• Related Careers:

– Recycling Collections Driver



Deconstruction Worker• Description: Performs daily operations at a Recycling

Center, including materials processing and customer service, and hand sorts and separates recyclable from non-recyclable materials according to established procedures

• Salary: $11-18/hr• Min Ed. Req.: None• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level & 1 year general labor exp.• Desired Education:• Growth Potential: 1000 new jobs in refuse collection by 2016• Employer Type: Private firms, Government• Related Careers:

– Recycling Collections Driver




• Products: Containers • Equipment: Basic hand tools and power

tools, Trucks, grinding machines • Services: Trucking


10. Green (sustainable) landscaping (includes irrigation) – General Labor

• Description: General labor to assist in various tasks such as materials management, soil preparation, planting, irrigation installation, and landscape maintenance

• Salary: $10-15/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Diploma/GED• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level• Desired Education• Growth Potential: CA consumers and local ordinances are

showing increasing desire for sustainable landscaping services• Employer Type: Private firms, Government• Related Careers:

– Carpenter’s Helper– Solar Energy System Installer Helper– Home Improvement Retrofit Trainee– Recycling Center Operator


10. Green (sustainable) landscaping (includes irrigation) –

Associated Job Creations• Products: Irrigation tubes & heads,

controllers, compost, mulch, seeds, plants, rainwater cistern/pump/filter/piping

• Equipment: Basic hand tools, Trucks, Earth moving equipment,

• Services: Irrigation


12. Materials reuse/producing products made from recycled, non-toxic materials

– General Labor• Description: General labor to assemble a variety of products• Salary: $10-15/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Diploma/GED• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level• Desired Education• Growth Potential: CA consumers are showing increasing

desire for “green” products and jobs should grow in parallel• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– Recycling Center Operator


12. Materials reuse/producing products made from recycled, non-toxic materials -


• Products: Repair materials• Equipment: Basic hand tools and power

tools, Factory equipment, Trucks• Services: Trucking


18. Solar installation and maintenance -Solar Energy System Installer Helper

• Description: Assists Solar Energy System Installer in installing and repairing solar energy systems for res, comm, indus use


construction skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level• Desired Education• Growth Potential: Current growth rates show CA will provide

>1/2 of national solar energy by 2011• Employer Type: Private firms, Government, Power

Plants/Facilities• Related Careers:

– Solar Fabrication Technician– Solar Energy System Installer


18. Solar installation and maintenance -Associated Job Creations

• Products: Solar PV & Thermal Panels, mounting hardware, wiring, piping, inverters, pumps, tanks

• Equipment: Basic hand tools and power tools, Trucks,

• Services: Plumbing, Electrical, Roofing, Training


21. Water retrofits to increase water efficiency and conservation –

Water Conservation Retrofit Trainee• Description: Install water efficient products for in-home retrofits,

run flow or leak tests on fixtures, identify water savings measures including toilets, faucets, showerheads, irrigation

• Salary: $15-17/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Student• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading, and

construction skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level. Experience in customer service,

data collection and basic handyperson skills helpful• Desired Education: HS Diploma/GED, Trade School or

Apprenticeship• Growth Potential: Huge growth likely• Employer Type: Private firms, Utilities• Related Careers:

– Solar Energy System Installer Helper– Home Improvement Retrofit Trainee


21. Water retrofits to increase water efficiency and conservation –

Associated Job Creations• Products: Showerheads, faucet

aerators, toilets, insulation, on-demand recirculation pumps

• Equipment: Basic hand tools, Trucks, Testing equipment (toilet dye, water flow indicator bags, thermometers)

• Services: Plumbing


22. Whole home performance (i.e.: HVAC, attic insulation, weatherization, etc.) -Home Improvement Retrofit Trainee

• Description: Install energy efficient products for in-home retrofits, run safety tests on gas appliances, identify home energy reduction measures including doors, glass, weatherstripping

• Salary: $15-17/hr• Min Ed. Req.: HS Student• Recommended Coursework: basic math, reading, and

construction skills• Certification Required: none• Experience req.: Entry Level. Experience in door, window,

sheetrock repair and replacement helpful• Desired Education: HS Diploma/GED, Trade School or

Apprenticeship• Growth Potential: Huge growth likely• Employer Type: Private firms• Related Careers:

– HVAC Maintenance Trainee– Environmental Compliance Specialist


22. Whole home performance (i.e.: HVAC, attic insulation, weatherization, etc.) –

Associated Job Creations• Products: Insulation, caulk, foam, mastic,

weatherstripping, ductwork, HVAC units, windows, plastic sheeting, CO alarms

• Equipment: Basic hand tools and power tools, Trucks, Testing equipment (blower door, duct blaster, flow hood, thermometers, infrared camera)

• Services: Insulation, HVAC, Electrical, Training


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