Date post: | 14-Jan-2015 |
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By
Jaflah Al-Ammary
College of IT
University of Bahrain
Green IT at the
University of Bahrain Initiatives,
Readiness and Capability
Maturity Level
Research Objectives
1- Investigative the current situation
regarding Green IT at the University of
Bahrain by identifying the following:
a- The Green IT initiatives
b- The Green IT Readiness
c- The Green IT Capability Maturity level
2- Develop a Green IT adoption model for
University of Bahrain
Introduction
In a world of continuity innovation and highly dependency on new technology, Information Technology (IT) is considered as an essential component in most of the organizations.
The increasing use of IT equipment and their short life span have caused two major problems: Energy consumption and E-Waste.
The total life cycle of IT products and data centers' power usage make the energy of IT significantly high.
The growing of E-Waste poses serious health and environmental hazard because electronic products contain toxic materials (Hanne, 2011).
Introduction Nowadays Green IT concerns have grown
beyond being just a trend, as most of the organization needs to achieve considerable reductions of carbon emissions and cost savings (Widjaja, et al., 2011).
The time is coming for industries, agencies and individuals to consider Green IT seriously and spread awareness across the world.
Therefore, Green IT appears to be the right element to connect both cooperate innovation and environment (Widjaja, et al., 2011).
• Many initiatives have been taken by governments and IT industries in many developed countries to promote Green IT practices.
• Taking advantage from existing initiatives will offer economical, environmental and social benefits to the developing countries (Hanne, 2011).
Introduction
Introduction
University of Bahrain believe that environmental or
green initiatives are the key to ensure the
achievement of the goal of advancing
environmental sustainability.
Other benefits University of Bahrain can obtain by
adopting Green IT include:
• Gaining a competitive advantage by
differentiating themselves as a Green-certify
organization
• Improving their efficiency and potentially
lowering operating costs
• Providing a cleaner and healthier work
environment
• University of Bahrain has some green initiatives like their intensive researches in
• Alternative fuels
• Clean energy
• Wind engineering
• Bio- Fuel
• In addition, there are some Green IT initiatives in place aims to reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Introduction
Introduction
It is encouraging that University of Bahrain has
green initiatives in place but it is not surprising that
taking the next step and introducing green
technology, is lagging behind.
In fact like other non-profit organizations,
University of Bahrain think that those initiatives are
more expensive to implement (at least in the short
term) and therefore are reluctant to do so
particularly in tight financial circumstances.
Introduction
University of Bahrain like other organizations
need to act now, as for a large organization in the
developed countries it can take up to 18 months
to green the IT department and data centre.
Therefore, there is a need for coordinated efforts
between the University of Bahrain, government,
and industry to bring an overall solution to
environmental issues related to the use of IT.
Indicators for Green IT
Initiatives at University of
Bahrain
• Info-Tech (2007) have identified 11 technology and
initiatives as indicators of green IT. These include:
• Equipment recycling,
• Server consolidation and virtualization
• Print optimization
• Rightsizing IT equipment
• Budget allocation for Green IT projects
• Carbon offsetting
• Data center
• Liquid cooling for IT equipment,
• DC powered IT equipment,
• Data centre airflow management,
• Optimizing data centre energy efficiency
• Airside/waterside economizer
Green IT initiatives
The Connection Research RMIT Green IT
Framework
The Connection Research
RMIT Green IT Framework
• This Framework is used by many organizations to
categorize many aspects of Green ICT.
• It takes a holistic view of Green ICT and sustainability,
across the enterprise, and then drills into individual
technologies and business best Practices.
• It contains four vertical components, or “pillars”, each of
which is broken further into specific areas of Green
ICT; and five horizontal components, or “actions” which
describe separate approaches to the verticals
(Philipson, 2010)
Equipment lifecycle Recycle and reuse
Trash them Sell themCovert them into
artKeep them in
storage
% of staff 66% 0% 10% 24%
66%
0%
10%
24%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
The fate of the devices of members of CIT
Equipment lifecycle Disposal
At the University of Bahrain equipments like PCs,
printers, data show and etc., needs to be physically
disposed of. The following are different ways of
electronic equipment disposal:
- Selling them to the UOB members or students
- Donate them to some of the none-profit
organizations and societies
- Selling then as spare parts
- Selling them via tenders to some E-agents
Number of devices used by CIT members
LED
LCD
CRT
Deskjet Printer
Laser Printer
Desktop computer
Laptop
Smart phone
Old phone
Chargers
Ipad2-similar devices
10
42
0
37
13
46
62
93
73
135
5
End-user computing Desktop
Mobile Computing at CIT (students and staff)
Mobile computing
WEB SITE BLACKBORD
WEB CT MOODLE IPAD IPHONE
35%
65%
15%
20%
12% 10%
End-user computing
Electronic devices at the CIT
End-user computing Departmental computing
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
No. of PCs in LABs
No. of servers
Deskjet
Laser
No. of Faxes
Printing and energy consumption
• Most of the CIT members are printing in both
sides of the paper.
• Centralization of the printing (printing centers)
this will reduce the energy consumption of at
least 33 printers from each department and at
least 924 printers from the colleges
End-user computing
ICT as a Low Carbon Enabler Outsourcing and clod computing
Most of the copiers and the heavy duty printers
are outsourced at the University of Bahrain
Most of the students and some academic staff at
the CIT and College of Business are using Cloud
Computing in their learning and teaching process
(Dropbox, Google doc and calendar, WIKI, Ever-
note and so on)
Green IT Readiness at
University of Bahrain
• Attitude and awareness
• Policy
• Practice
• Technology
• Governance
Green IT Readiness measures how well a
company has and can integrate green into
their IT and utilize it (Molla, Cooper, &
Pittayachawan, 2009).
• Green IT Attitude is “an organization’s IT human infrastructure’s emotion towards climate change and
eco-sustainability”
• Green IT Policy “encompasses the frameworks an organization puts in place to apply environmental
criteria in its IT related activities”
• Green IT Practice “pertains to the actual application and realization of eco-sustainability considerations in
IT infrastructure sourcing, operation and disposal”
Green IT Readiness
Green IT Technology “refers to technologies and
information systems for
(a) reducing the energy consumption of powering and
cooling corporate IT assets (such as data centers)
(b) optimizing the energy efficiency of the IT technical
Infrastructure
(c) reducing IT induced greenhouse gas emissions
(d) supplanting carbon emitting business practices
(e) analyzing a business’s total environmental
footprint”
Green IT Governance is “the operating model that
defines the administration of Green IT initiatives
and is closely related to the policy construct”
Green IT Readiness
Attitude and awareness
CIT members awareness toward
Green IT
0 10 20 30 40 50
I read news and articles about Green IT issue
I am willing to learn/ gather more information about Green IT issue
I have purposely attempted to attend a seminar or workshop onGreen IT
I believe that IT professionals can play significant roles in helping tackle business’s carbon emission
IT professionals should be concerned with controlling the powerconsumption
I believe that tackling the carbon emission of IT systems should bea core part of a green business strategy
I prefer to print on both side of paper
I turn off my computer when I’m not using it
UOB/ IT college has executed Green IT initiatives
UOB has a policy that states staff should turn off computers whenthey are not in use
UOB has investigated ways to reduce IT’s power consumption in its departments
I’m very concerned about reducing IT’s power consumption in UOB
Dis-agree
Neutral
Agree
The most appropriate disposal methods
for the obsolete electronic devices
32%
64%
10%
2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
REUSE
RECYCLE
Exclusion
Other
Practice
Practice
How the ICT members are leaving
their PCs after the working hours
14%
14%
68%
4%
Chart Title
Standby Mode Sleep Mode
Shutdon others (leave it opend)
How often the academic staff at
college of IT are asking for PC
maintenance
32%
8%
28%
18%
10%
Never Asked Every Mouth EverySemester
Every Year More thanone year
Green ICT Capability
Maturity level for University
of Bahrain
Green ICT Capability Maturity Model source (Connection Research, 2010)
Connection Research determines the maturity levels through
the administration of a survey which asks questions about
each aspect of Green ICT, as identified in the Framework.
Questions are asked about actions (attitude, policy, practice,
technology, metrics), for each of the four pillars.
Each question is constructed to rate that factor on a CMM
scale from 0 to 5, then all relevant questions in each of the
four pillars are aggregated and weighted to deliver a score
(out of 100) for that pillar.
Green ICT Capability Maturity Model source (Connection Research, 2010)
Green IT Adoption Model for
University of Bahrain
Green IT Readiness
Drivers of Green IT
Behavior Intention to
adopt Green IT
Green IT adoption
Technological context
Organizational context
Environmental Context
Model of adopting
Green IT at UOB
The green IT drivers (Molla, 2008)
• Regulatory drivers
• Ethical drivers
• Economical drivers
Green IT Drivers
Overview of drivers of green IS initiatives (Source (Islam, 2012))
Drivers for uptake of Green IT (Mazenier,
2007):
Reduce power consumption - Lower costs
Lower carbon emissions and environmental
impact (e.g. recycling)
Improved systems performance and
utilization
Green IT Drivers
Green IT Readiness
Attitude
Policies
Practices
Technical
Governance
Regulatory/legislations
Ethical motives
Economics opportunities
Stakeholders pressure
Green IT Readiness
Drivers of Green IT
Behavior Intention to adopt Green IT
Green IT adoption
Technological context
Organizational context
Environmental Context
Model of adopting
Green IT at UOB
Q & A