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GREEN SAFE STEEL NIPPLES

An Brief Introduction to

Rolled Pipe Threads on Galvanized and Black Carbon Steel Pipe

SHANGHAI PAN-CHINA FASTENING SYSTEM CO.,LTD CHITHREAD ROLLING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD

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By 2, 3 or more rollers, at room temperature, to roll the pipe placed in the rollers’ central axle into the NPT、BSPT or other pipe thread. It is a kind of mature cold forming, a no- material-cut-away technology, widely used in modern industry. But IT has been specially developed by our Chinese Patent since 2003.

Rolling Thread Technology Via. Cutting

Rolling Thread Technology

What is the

Cutting Thread Technology

? is

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1. Perfect Mating Between Male & Female Thread Increases Leak Tightness Greatly 100% Perfect Thread Teeth Profile – Excellent Teeth Surface Enhance Mating – Zinc Coating Kept – More “Thickness” of Pipe.

2. Excellent Rust-Resistance on Rolled Thread Pipe 1.Original hot-dip zinc coating of the galvanized pipe remains intact, and is not cut away as with lathe cut ones. 2.The density of the rolled thread pipe is increased greatly and makes, at least, the “same thickness” as the original pipe itself, and forms an anti-oxidization layer of high metallic density against rusty.

3. Pipe Material Not Cut Away Makes Thread Mechanical Connection Much Better The mechanical properties of the pipe thread are greatly improved as no material is cut away and the weight per unit length of

rolled thread pipe remains unchanged, and further more the metal density is increased.

I. Rolled Thread Nipples Are Safe Steel Nipples

PCFS – CHITHREAD Green Safe Steel Nipples - Rolled Thread Pipe Steel Nipples

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Perfect Thread – Excellent Surface Enhance Mating – Zinc Coating Kept – More “Thickness”

1. No Leaking Point Any More

Galvanized Pipe Rolled Thread Nipple Connection with Standard Cast Iron Coupling popular in the Market

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1.1.1 . Perfect Thread: 100% perfect teeth profile (geometry size), produced by long-life rollers (tools), fundamentally guarantees the excellent integrity with female cut thread. The cut teeth, by easy- worn knife (tools), varies in profile time to time, can’t guarantee it. 1.1.2 . Excellent Surface Enhance Mating: Surface roughness of rolled thread is improved dramatically by 5 – 7 levels to Ra < 0.4 due to the thread to be formed by the roller rolling on the pipe, and the cut thread is by, knifing in the pipe, Ra > 3.2. Rolling makes much better mating between the male and the female thread. 1.1.3 . Zinc Coating Kept: Rolled thread of galvanized pipe is sealed mainly by original zinc coating which is metallic layer (hard) sealing & very good for suffering the weight of the pipe, plus traditional tape(soft) sealing. And the cut thread is sealed 100% by tapes(soft) which are un- appropriate for suffering the weight and can’t be 100% sure for lasting a period of years. 1.1.4. More “Thickness” of The Pipe: As no material is cut away, the weight per unit length remains same, plus a rolled teeth surface is much harder, those bring improvement in mechanical properties.

1.1 Perfect Thread - Enhance Mating – Zinc Coating Kept – More “Thickness”

Rolled Thread Cut Thread

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--- The pressure capacity of rolled thread nipple connection without any sealant, after fracture, is up to 17Kgs

1.2 Factory Lab Max. Working Pressure Test

Water Pressure C

apacity Test

After tensile fracture test,

the pressure capacity of

the rolled thread nipple

connection is up to 17kgs.

After bend fracture test,

the pressure capacity of

the rolled thread nipple

connection is up to 16kgs.

Stainless steel 304 coupling connection with rolled thread nipples without any sealant & tape.

The broken end is sealed by bolt fastened with sealing tape.

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1.3 Factory Lab Temperature Test from - 20℃ to + 175℃

The test procedure: Fill in the gas into the rolled thread nipple

connection of piping system without any sealing tapes at 16Kgs pressure for 24 hrs to check the

changing of the pressure under condition that the temperature was varied from - 20℃ to + 175℃.

The result: No pressure drops down during

& after the 24 hr. continuous test.

-- The pressure capacity of rolled thread nipple connection without any sealant is up to 16Kgs

without any sealing tapes

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The Safety Of Rolled Thread Connection Is Much Better Than Traditional Cut Thread Connection, and its leak tightness is 100% Assured.

Conclusion: No Leaking Point Any More If female good

Practical、Theory and Test have proven that there is

no leaking point any more in rolled thread cconnection if female thread is qualified.

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2. Rust Resistance of Rolled Thread Greatly Improved

1.Original hot-dip zinc coating remains intact. 2.After rolling thread, no metal material is cut away, the weight per unit length is as same as the original pipe, and further more it increases the metal pipe density on thread proportion accordingly. High density metal layer forms a metallic anti-oxidization layer against rusty.

The Rolling Thread Technology improves the rust resistance

on thread proportion very greatly.

The metal grain is not cut off by rolling

The metal grain is cut off by cutting

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After 130hr. salt acid spray

1. Steel Brand:

Tianjin Youfa DN15 Q195

2. Product: Rolled Thread Galvanized

Welded Steel Nipples.

3. Testing in 50g/L±5g/L Nacl. solution.

4. There is no any corrosion spot appeared after salt acid

spray on the rolled galvanized steel nipples up to 100 hrs.

continuously.

2.1. MA & ML SALT ACID SPRAY TEST ON ROLLED NIPPLES

MA & ML Test Report on July 18th, 2008.

After 130 hr. continuous salt acid spray, corrosion spots

appear both on thread & pipe.

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2.2. MA SALT ACID SPRAY TEST ON ROLLED & CUT THREAD

Rolled Thread

Cut Thread

Painted Cut Thread

Before Salt Acid Spray Test

Rolled Thread

After Salt Acid

Spray 175hrs.

Cut Thread

After Salt Acid

Spray 5hrs.

Painted Cut Thread

After Salt Acid

Spray 24hrs.

After Salt Acid Spray Test

Rolling & cutting pipe thread nipples BSP on galvanized steel pipe DN32 of Shanghai Yinhe.

Corrosion spots appear on rolled thread nipple & cut one after salt acid spray 175 hrs. vs. 5 hrs.

Rust-resistance of rolled pipe nipple is 35 times better than cut thread.

MA Salt Acid Spray Report 11-03-2010

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Conclusion: Rust Resistance Greatly Improved By Rolling

Original Zinc Coating remains intact .

After the zinc coating has been rusted off, the higher density, instead of cut-thinner-wall-thickness, of the pipe thread still owns stronger rust-resistance.

1 2

Total in all, the rust-resistance of the rolled thread

pipe nipples is 40 times higher than cut thread pipe nipples.

Plus

Cut Thread Nipple

Rolled Thread Nipple

Not-Cut-Away Metal to be rolled into Higher Density Metal Pipe.

Cut-Thinner-Wall-Thickness by Cut Thread makes the pipe 50% weak than original pipe.

+

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3. Thread Mechanical Connection Greatly Improved

Continuous line-like kept ,instead of being cut off, and further more the metal grains are compressed & are more close to each other.

The pipe becomes harder by Rolling Thread Technology instead of thinner by cutting.

1.Tensile strength by 150% -1 80％; 2.Flexural strength by 150% - 170％; 3.Shear strength by 140% - 170％; 4.Surface hardness by 130%; 5.Fatigue strength by 250% - 400％. These percentage will be varied on different pipe thickness, size, material & etc.

Continuous Grain

Cut Grain Off

The metallograph of Micro Fiber of Pipe Metal Grain Before Rolling. Grade 6

The metallograph of Micro Fiber of Pipe Metal Grain After Rolling. Grade 8.5

It improves the organization of original metal fiber grain allocation & makes the pipe much stronger.

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3.1 Rolled Thread Don’t Loss the Material for Teeth Profile and Taper

Teeth height + Taper are cut away by cutting process.

The cold rolling process doesn’t cut the metal fiber off, instead the rolling compresses the metal fiber and make it stronger. Therefore the strength of tension, bend, shear and fatigue are increased, as well as the surface hardness. Chi-Thread nipples act very good mechanical connection performance, and could protect the piping system well from subsidence, drift and lateral displacement & etc. under stress.

Mechanical properties of the cut thread is lower than the original pipe by 30% - 50%.

Cut thread Rolled thread

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3.2 Not Cut-Away-Material Thread & Its Continuous Grain

After rolling it hardens the teeth bottom by cold compressing micro solid metal fiber from grade 6 to grade 8.5.

Surface of teeth becomes m

ore harder. .

Thicker, harder & more solid

Continuous Grain

Cut Grain Off

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3.3 Mechanical Property Performance Test

Test Material : Pipe Material Brand: Tianjin Youfa, China; Galvanized Steel Pipe: DN15, Q195; Wall-Thickness: 2.2mm; With Stainless Steel 304 Pipe Coupling.

Test Requirement: Rolled Thread Nipples connection with stainless Steel 304 pipe coupling without any sealing tapes. Turnaround 3 circles by hand, and turnaround 2 circles by tool to fasten the connection.

Experimental Basis: 1. For Tensile Strength Test: <<GB/T228>> Tensile Strength Test Methods for Metal Material at Room Temperature; 2. For Bend Test: <<GB/T244>> Bend Test Methods for Metal Pipe.

Test Institute: Shanghai Quality Supervision & Inspection Station Of Building Materials & Components.

Pull Off Two Rolled Thread Nipples until one of carbon steel nipples is fractured.

Bending Two Rolled Thread Nipples until one of carbon steel nipples is fractured.

Force

Force

Force

Tensile Strength Test

Bend Test

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3. 4 AL & MA Mechanical Property Performance Test Report

After Mechanical Fracture

Test at 54 kN & 70°

AL & MA Test Report

One of the two rolled thread nipples is fractured, as showed in yellow circle,

when the tensile load 54.2kN was applied.

The other of the two rolled thread

nipples is still connected well with the stainless steel 304 coupling.

One of the two rolled thread nipples is fractured, as showed in yellow circle, when the bend test at 70° (d=6a ).

The other of the two rolled thread

nipples is still connected well with the stainless steel 304 coupling.

54.2kN

70° (d=6a )

Broken Nipple

Broken Nipple

Without Any Sealing Tapes in the Connection between the

Rolled Thread Nipple & Coupling.

Un-Broken Nipple

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3.5 Working Pressure Test after Fracture in Tensile and Bend Test

After Tensile Fracture Test

it still can afford 17kgs pressure .

After Bend Fracture Test

It still can afford 16kgs pressure.

One end of the broken nipple is sealed by a fastener with enough sealing tape to be sure no leaking from this end. And filling in water to the pipe from the one end of un-broken nipple up to a certain working pressure. It shows that both coupling connection with broke & un-broken nipples, without any sealing tapes, have a no leaking at 17 kgs for the one of tensile fracture test and 16 kgs for the bend fracture test respectively.

No leaking at both rolled thread nipple connected with the coupling either for tensile fracture or bend fracture test

Broken Nipple Broken Nipple

Un-broken Nipple Un-broken Nipple

No tapes No tapes

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3.6 Mechanical Properties Comparison Among Pipe, Cut & Rolled Thread

Com

parison Basis <<GB / T3091-2008>>

<<GB/T3091-2008>>

Welded Pipe For Low -

Pressure Fluid Flow

Transportation

Cut Thread Bend

(Earthquake) Test made by

National Association of

Manufacturers, USA.

Items

Objective

Tensile Fracture

Load (kN)

Bend Fracture(Degree）

Test Institution

Pipe 41.65 90°

Shanghai Quality Supervision &

Inspection Station Of Building Materials

& Components.

Rolled Thread Nipples

54.2 70°

Shanghai Quality

Supervision & Inspection Station

Of Building Materials & Components.

Cut Thread Nipples

10.1°, 12.3°, 14.4°.

National Association

of Manufacturers, USA

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3.7 Rolled Thread Nipples Almost Double The Maximum Working Pressure

The calculations are quoted from the Wheatland Tube Company U.S.A. and it shows that the pipe after cutting thread significantly decreases the max. working pressure by 32% - 57% on different size and wall thickness of the welded pipe. In other word, as per previous information in this PPT, the pipe after rolling thread will not reduces the max. working pressure, and in another word, under same condition, we can save a huge (12% up) pipe material if we use the rolled thread on the pipe.

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3.8 Sch.40 Pipe May Replace Sch.80 By Rolling Thread Technology

Take the ¾” DN20 Sch.80 Cutting Pipe Thread as an example: The ¾” NPT teeth height is 0.057inch(1.45mm) + The taper (1:16) loss is from0.006 – 0.021inch, therefore after cutting, the original nominal wall thickness was cut off and varies from the min. 0.076inch / 1.93mm (0.154 – 0.057 – 0.021) to the thickest 0.091inch / 2.295mm (0.154 – 0.057 – 0.006). The thickest after cut thread is only 0.091inch (2.295mm), 19.47% less than the Sch.40 one and the max. working pressure is only 1150 psi as per the calculations last page. Take the ¾” DN20 Sch.40 Rolled Pipe Thread as comparison: The weight (mass) per unit length after rolling (the wall thickness is rolled and compressed) is same as the plain end pipe itself. i.e. the max. working pressure is 1450 psi as per the calculations from Wheatland Tube Co., last page. The max. working pressure of rolled thread ¾” DN20Sch40 pipe or nipple is 26% higher than the cut one of Sch80. And at meantime we can easily get the material saved by 0.35 lb/ft ( =1.48 -1.13 ) or 24% ( = 0.35 / 1.48 ).

Pipe Size (inches)

Outside Diameter (inches)

Identification

Wall Thickness

- t - (inches)

Inside Diameter

- d - (inches)

Carbon Steel

Nominal Weight (Mass) Per Unit

Length Plain End (lb/ft) Iron Pipe

Size Schedule

No.

3/4 1.050 STD XS

40 80

1.13(1.69kg/m) 1.48(2.20kg/m)

.113

.154 .824 .742

¾” NPT Cut Thread Steel Nipple Sch. 80

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3.9 Saving Material on Different Size by Sch.40 Replacing Sch. 80

GREEN CONCLSION: If rolling thread on the pipe, ¾” SCH.40 pipe

can replace ¾” SCH.80 pipe with 26% higher

max. working pressure as per following table.

The Cut Loss of Pipe Material NPT Thread Sch.80 vs.Sch.40 Rolled Thread

NPS DN Schedule Nominal Wall

Thickness Teeth Height Max. Taper Cut Loss

Min. Taper Cut Loss

Thinnest Wall Thickness After Cut

Thread

Thickest Wall Thickness After Cut

Thread

Nominal Weight (Mass) Per Unit

Length

Rolled Thread on Sch.40 Better

Than Cut Thread On Sch.80 In

Pressure Capacity

(mm) (Inch) (mm) (Inch) (mm) (Inch) (mm) (Inch) (mm) (Inch) (mm) (Inch) (kg/m) (lb/ft)

1/2 15 Sch.40 2.77 0.109 1.451 0.057 1.27 0.85

25% Sch.80 3.73 0.147 1.451 0.057 0.517 0.020 0.164 0.006 1.762 0.070 2.115 0.084

3/4 20 Sch.40 2.87 0.113 1.451 0.057 1.69 1.13

26% Sch.80 3.91 0.154 1.451 0.057 0.529 0.021 0.164 0.006 1.930 0.076 2.295 0.091

1 25 Sch.40 3.38 0.133 1.767 0.070 2.50 1.68

29% Sch.80 4.55 0.179 1.767 0.070 0.636 0.025 0.199 0.008 2.147 0.084 2.584 0.101

1-1/4 32 Sch.40 3.56 0.140 1.767 0.070 3.39 2.27

22% Sch.80 4.85 0.191 1.767 0.070 0.649 0.026 0.199 0.008 2.434 0.095 2.884 0.113

1-1/2 40 Sch.40 3.68 0.145 1.767 0.070 4.05 2.72

18% Sch.80 5.08 0.200 1.767 0.070 0.649 0.026 0.199 0.008 2.664 0.104 3.114 0.122

2 50 Sch.40 3.91 0.154 1.767 0.070 5.44 3.66

6% Sch.80 5.54 0.218 1.767 0.070 0.659 0.026 0.199 0.008 3.114 0.122 3.574 0.140

2-1/2 65 Sch.40 5.16 0.203 2.540 0.100 8.63 5.80

20% Sch.80 7.01 0.276 2.540 0.100 0.902 0.036 0.286 0.011 3.568 0.140 4.184 0.165

3 80 Sch.40 5.49 0.216 2.540 0.100 11.29 7.58

14% Sch.80 7.62 0.300 2.540 0.100 0.958 0.038 0.286 0.011 4.122 0.162 4.794 0.189

3-1/2 90 Sch.40 5.74 0.226 2.540 0.100 13.57 9.12

8% Sch.80 8.08 0.318 2.540 0.100 0.994 0.039 0.286 0.011 4.546 0.179 5.254 0.207

4 100 Sch.40 6.02 0.237 2.540 0.100 16.07 10.80

Same Sch.80 8.56 0.337 2.540 0.100 1.009 0.040 0.286 0.011 5.011 0.197 5.734 0.226

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1. Minimizing the Leakage in Rolled Thread Nipple Connection.

2. For Galvanized Pipes and Nipples, Original Zinc Coating remains

Intact &, at meantime, Strengthen the Metal Protective Layer.

3. The Performance of Mechanical Connection Greatly Increased.

Conclusion: A Safe Pipe Connection Technology - Rolled Thread

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II. Rolled Thread Nipples Are Green Steel Nipples

Minimizing possibilities of the leaking in the thread connection of pipe network;

Saving valuable natural gas, water resources & etc.;

Saving valuable steel material & saving the sealant & tapes in installation;

Create a friendly environment for workers both in production and in installation;

Further enhance the city safety.

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Much improving in quality of piping network installation and safety

Saving Both in Production and Installation

MANUFACTURING No metal waste scraps is from rolling thread, material saving; Production environment is clear and friendly;

INSTALLATION ON SITE More Safety; Easy & convenient tightening; 50% - 70% saving of sealant and tapes; A trial test of piping system 100% successful pass in 1st time; No re-call work; Over 50% efficiency up in installation; Daily maintenance on thread connection of piping system zero.

& saving a lot of material and labor.

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Shanghai Pan-China Fastening System Co., Ltd. Chi-Thread Rolling Technology Co., Ltd.

Room502, Nr.1122, XinJinQiao Road, Shanghai, China 201206 Tel: +86-21-61462100 Fax: +86-21-61462118 PCFS@PANCHINAFS.COM

Limbiate Italy Mississauga, Ontario, Canada 1307 Souter Dr. Troy, MI, USA Trigolo, CR, Italy

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Shanghai Pan-China Fastening System Co., Ltd. Chi-Thread Rolling Technology Co., Ltd.

Room502, Nr.1122, XinJinQiao Road, Shanghai, China 201206 Tel: +86-21-61462100 Fax: +86-21-61462118 PCFS@PANCHINAFS.COM

In 2009, Chi-Thread Rolling Technology Co., Ltd was found to focus on developing new applications of this Chinese Rolling Thread Technology in many industry sectors in order to benefit our human being.

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Shanghai Pan-China Fastening System Co., Ltd. Chi-Thread Rolling Technology Co., Ltd.

Room502, Nr.1122, XinJinQiao Road, Shanghai, China 201206 Tel: +86-21-61462100 Fax: +86-21-61462118 PCFS@PANCHINAFS.COM

PCFS (Chi-Thread) G.S.S.N., with BSP and NPT threads are supplied in several types of surface finishing according to domestic and international standards, and guarantees long- lasting applications in the most diverse usage conditions as the special strong pipe thread.

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Shanghai Pan-China Fastening System Co., Ltd. Chi-Thread Rolling Technology Co., Ltd.

Room502, Nr.1122, XinJinQiao Road, Shanghai, China 201206 Tel: +86-21-61462100 Fax: +86-21-61462118 PCFS@PANCHINAFS.COM

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