Greenhouse Greenhouse EffectEffect

ContentsContents

AtmosphereAtmosphere Key TermsKey Terms GasesGases CausesCauses EffectsEffects

AtmosphereAtmosphere ExosphereExosphere

ThermosphereThermosphere

MesosphereMesosphere

StratosphereStratosphere

TroposphereTroposphere

TroposphereTroposphere Lowest portion of earth’s atmosphereLowest portion of earth’s atmosphere 75% of the entire atmosphere mass75% of the entire atmosphere mass

- Water Vapor- Water Vapor- Aerosols- Aerosols

0 km – 10 km0 km – 10 km DepthDepth ~ 10 km ~ 10 km Warmer nearest Warmer nearest earthearth Colder the further you goColder the further you go

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StratosphereStratosphere Second layer of earth’s atmosphereSecond layer of earth’s atmosphere 10 km – 50 km10 km – 50 km DepthDepth ~ 40 km ~ 40 km Colder nearer the Colder nearer the earthearth surface surface Warmer the further into the atmosphereWarmer the further into the atmosphere Energy is transferred via heat absorption Energy is transferred via heat absorption by the by the ozone layer.ozone layer. Heating caused by Heating caused by conductionconduction from from above and above and convectionconvection from below. from below.

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MesosphereMesosphere Middle layer of earth’s atmosphereMiddle layer of earth’s atmosphere 50 km – 90 km50 km – 90 km DepthDepth ~ 40 km ~ 40 km Warmer closer to Warmer closer to earth’searth’s surface surface Colder the further you out you goColder the further you out you go This is where meteors burn as they This is where meteors burn as they collide with gas particlescollide with gas particles Most poorly understood part of the Most poorly understood part of the atmosphereatmosphere

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ThermosphereThermosphere 44thth layer of earth’s atmosphere layer of earth’s atmosphere 80 km – 500 km 80 km – 500 km DepthDepth ~ 420 km ~ 420 km Colder near Colder near earth’searth’s surface surface Warmer as you go further into Warmer as you go further into thermospherethermosphere This layer absorbs This layer absorbs radiationradiation which in which in turn electrically charge particles.turn electrically charge particles.

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ExosphereExosphere Outer layer of the atmosphereOuter layer of the atmosphere 500 km – 10,000 km Depth ~ 9,500 km500 km – 10,000 km Depth ~ 9,500 km Only layer of atmosphere where gases can Only layer of atmosphere where gases can escapeescape Main gases found here:Main gases found here:

- - HydrogenHydrogen- - HeliumHelium- - Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

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Thermosphere Exosphere

Mesosphere

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Key TermsKey Terms CondensationCondensation - process by which gas or vapor - process by which gas or vapor

changes into a liquid or solidchanges into a liquid or solid EvaporationEvaporation - the process by which a liquid changes - the process by which a liquid changes

into a gasinto a gas ConvectionConvection - upward movement of heat or other - upward movement of heat or other

atmospheric properties within the atmosphereatmospheric properties within the atmosphere PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis – the synthesis of complex organic – the synthesis of complex organic

materials from carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic materials from carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts using light as an energy sourcesalts using light as an energy source

RadiationRadiation – energy that is transmitted in the form of – energy that is transmitted in the form of raysrays

ConductionConduction – spontaneous transfer of energy through – spontaneous transfer of energy through matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperatureof lower temperature

GasesGases

COCO2 2 - Carbon Dioxide- Carbon Dioxide MHMH4 4 - Methane- Methane OO2 2 – Oxygen Gas– Oxygen Gas OO3 3 - Ozone- Ozone NN2 2 – Nitrogen Gas– Nitrogen Gas Ar – Argon GasAr – Argon Gas HH22 – Hydrogen Gas – Hydrogen Gas He - HeliumHe - Helium

Increase in COIncrease in CO22

Increased by the burning of fossil fuels- Increased by the burning of fossil fuels- coal, oil, and gascoal, oil, and gas

Too much is harmful to our planetToo much is harmful to our planet Creates a Creates a cyclecycle of of Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide within our atmospherewithin our atmosphere Contributes to the Contributes to the holehole in the ozone in the ozone layerlayer

Carbon Dioxide CycleCarbon Dioxide Cycle

3-D Image of the Ozone 3-D Image of the Ozone HoleHole

Ozone LayerOzone Layer

Three oxygen atoms bonded Three oxygen atoms bonded togethertogether

Forms a layer above earth that Forms a layer above earth that protects us from harmful UVA UVB protects us from harmful UVA UVB rays rays

The ozone hole is a depletion of the The ozone hole is a depletion of the ozone in the atmosphere. ozone in the atmosphere.

What is causing thinning What is causing thinning Ozone Hole?Ozone Hole?

CarsCars FactoriesFactories PollutionPollution DeforestationDeforestation

PollutantsPollutants

EffectsEffects

Climate changeClimate change Harms animals’ habitatsHarms animals’ habitats Decrease crop productionDecrease crop production FloodingFlooding DroughtDrought HurricanesHurricanes

QUIZQUIZ

1. What is the first atmospheric layer closest to earth?1. What is the first atmospheric layer closest to earth?2. What is the largest atmospheric layer?2. What is the largest atmospheric layer?3. Define a key term (condensation, evaporation, 3. Define a key term (condensation, evaporation,

photosynthesis, radiation, conduction, convection)photosynthesis, radiation, conduction, convection)

4. 4. What gas is COWhat gas is CO22??

5. 5. What is one cause of an increase in COWhat is one cause of an increase in CO22??

6. 6. Does CODoes CO2 2 exist in oceans?exist in oceans?

7. 7. Which two layers of earth’s atmosphere does the oWhich two layers of earth’s atmosphere does the ozone layer exist?zone layer exist?

8. 8. What are two things that are causing the thinning What are two things that are causing the thinning of the ozone?of the ozone?

9. 9. What is an effect of Global Warming?What is an effect of Global Warming?