Greenhouse Management Chapter 04 Mitigation to Climate Change 4-1Prepared by Seng Theara, MBA.

Greenhouse Management

Chapter 04Mitigation to Climate Change

4-1Prepared by Seng Theara, MBA

Chapter Objectives

1. What is mitigation?2. Mitigating climate change3. Renewable energy

Prepared by Seng Theara, MBA 4-2

• Definition– Mitigation – Climate change mitigation involves

actions that are intended to reduce the amount of our contribution to climate change.

– It includes strategies to reduce greenhouse gas sources and emissions and enhance greenhouse gas sinks.


What Is Mitigation?

• Mitigation– Major changes in behavior and production

methods will be needed to achieve green house gas (GHG) mitigation at the lowest possible cost.

– Mitigation is achieved by reducing both the energy intensity of the country and the amount of carbon created to produce the energy used.


What Is Mitigation? (Cont’d)

• Governmental Activities to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts– Climate change mitigated measures are linked

largely to energy use and the reduction of pollutants (mainly carbon based) into the atmosphere and are usually under the headings of: Pollution Control, Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency



• Governmental Activities to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts– Pollution control• Require all emitters to acquire permits for their

planned emissions; • Put a tax on all carbon emissions; • Eliminate deforestation and boost reforestation; • Improvements in petrol and diesel quality;



• Governmental Activities to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts– Energy conservation• Early development of radical new technologies for

energy generation - for the transport and energy sectors .e.g. Fuel-cell technology, cheaper solar/wind power;

– Energy Efficiency• Use renewable energy • Eliminating waste methane




• Individuals Activities to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts– Pollution control• Reforestation• Public transport• Cycling



• Individuals Activities to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts– Energy conservation• Alternative energy projects; • Reduced energy consumption – turning off

lights and electrical appliances when not in use, using energy saving appliances;


• Introduction– This is crucial for developing countries, which

need to develop their economies to improve people's livelihoods without degrading their environment.

– In many countries throughout the world, research has been conducted to develop new products and practices that are less GHG emission intensive and more environmentally friendly.

Prepared by Seng Theara, MBA

Mitigating Climate Change

4-10

• Introduction– Individuals have roles to play in reducing GHG

emissions in day-to-day life.– Most measures to reduce GHG emissions also help

conserve natural resources and reduce the emissions of substances contributing to other environmental concerns, such as smog, acid rain and depletion of the ozone layer.

Mitigating Climate Change (Cont’d)


• Mitigation in Cambodia– Some relevant examples for Cambodia include:• Reduce air conditioning demands by installing window

blinds and by shading your house with trees or awnings;• Use solar water heaters for hot water;• When shopping for new appliances, compare energy

consumption rates and choose the most efficient one. Even if it is more expensive initially, it may help you save money in the longer run;



• Mitigation in Cambodia– Some relevant examples for Cambodia include:• Use compact fluorescent lamps instead of incandescent

bulbs. This can reduce electricity consumption by 75%;• Turn lights off when they are not needed;• Proper car maintenance: clean/change the air filter,

correctly inflate tires, avoid unnecessary load;• Drive reasonably: drive at the optimum speed limit,

avoid abrupt stops and starts, plan your trips for the most efficient routes, avoid excessive idling;



4-13

• Mitigation in Cambodia– Some relevant examples for Cambodia include:• Consider taking public transport;• Walk or ride a bike for short-distance travel;• Participate in recycling and environmental protection

campaigns;• Plant trees near your house for fuel wood rather than

cutting from forest;• Participate in community forestry or other conservation

campaigns;



4-14

• Mitigation in Cambodia– Some relevant examples for Cambodia include:• Consider using biogas (gas from animal manure) for

cooking rather than fuel wood;• Ask relevant government agencies or NGOs for more

energy saving tips.



4-15



CO2 O2

Forest Absorbs CO2 from the Atmosphere

4-16

• What Is Renewable Energy?– Renewable energy uses energy sources that are

continually replenished by nature—the sun, the wind, water, the Earth’s heat, and plants.

– Renewable energy technologies turn these fuels into usable forms of energy—most often electricity, but also heat, chemicals, or mechanical power.


Renewable Energy

4-17

• Why Use Renewable Energy?– Today we primarily use fossil fuels to heat and

power our homes and fuel our cars. – It’s convenient to use coal, oil, and natural gas for

meeting our energy needs, but we have a limited supply of these fuels on the Earth.

– We’re using them much more rapidly than they are being created.


Renewable Energy (Cont’d)

4-18

• Why Use Renewable Energy?– Even if we had an unlimited supply of fossil fuels,

using renewable energy is better for the environment.

– We often call renewable energy technologies “clean” or “green” because they produce few if any pollutants.

– Pollutants are released into the air, soil, and water when fossil fuels are burned.



• Why Use Renewable Energy?– These pollutants take a dramatic toll on the

environment—and on humans.– Renewable energy will also help us develop energy

independence and security.– Renewable energy is plentiful, and the

technologies are improving all the time. There are many ways to use renewable energy. Most of us already use renewable energy in our daily lives.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Hydropower• Hydropower plants convert the energy in flowing water

into electricity.• The most common form of hydropower uses a dam on

a river to retain a large reservoir of water.• Water is released through turbines to generate power.• Hydropower plants produce no air emissions but can

affect water quality and wildlife habitats.




Prepared by Seng Theara, MBAHydropower

4-22

• Types of Renewable Energy– Bioenergy• Bioenergy is the energy derived from biomass (organic

matter), such as plants.• If you’ve ever burned wood in a fireplace or campfire,

you’ve used bioenergy.• But we don’t get all of our biomass resources directly

from trees or other plants.• Many industries, such as those involved in construction

or the processing of agricultural products, can create large quantities of unused or residual biomass, which can serve as a bioenergy source.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Bioenergy• Some utilities and power generating companies

with coal power plants have found that replacing some coal with biomass is a low-cost option to reduce undesirable emissions.• Bio power is a process called gasification—the

conversion of biomass into gas, which is burned in a gas turbine—is another way to generate electricity.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Bioenergy• Biofuels: Biomass can be converted directly into

liquid fuels, called biofuels. • The most common biofuel is ethanol, an alcohol

made from the fermentation of biomass high in carbohydrates.





Bioenergy

4-26

• Types of Renewable Energy– Solar Energy• Solar technologies tap directly into the infinite

power of the sun and use that energy to produce heat, light, and power.• Solar Water Heating: Solar energy can be used to

heat water for your home or your swimming pool. Most solar water-heating systems consist of a solar collector and a water storage tank.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Solar Energy• Solar Electricity: Solar electricity or photovoltaic (PV)

technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. • It has also been used to power small electronics and

rural and agricultural applications for three decades. • During the last decade, a strong solar electric market

has emerged for powering urban grid-connected homes and buildings as a result of advances in solar technology along with global changes in electric industry restructuring.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Solar Energy• Solar Thermal Electricity: Unlike solar-electric

systems that convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal electric systems convert the sun’s heat into electricity. • This technology is used primarily in large-scale

power plants for powering cities and communities, especially in the Southwest where consistent hours of sunlight are greater than other parts of the United States.




Prepared by Seng Theara, MBASolar Energy

4-30

• Types of Renewable Energy– Wind Energy• For hundreds of years, people have used windmills to

harness the wind’s energy.• Today’s wind turbines, which operate differently from

windmills, are a much more efficient technology.• Wind turbine technology may look simple: the wind

spins turbine blades around a central hub; the hub is connected to a shaft, which powers a generator to make electricity.




Prepared by Seng Theara, MBAWind Energy

4-32

• Types of Renewable Energy– Biogas

• Biogas is a renewable energy that converted manures of livestock to produce gas—”biogas” is a naturally occurring mixture of 60 to 70% methane and 30 to 40% CO2 with some H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide), that burns similar to so-called “natural gas”, which is actually a fossil fuel.

• Once generated and stored, biogas is primarily used around the world for cooking and heating at the home scale, but it also has many other important applications both domestically and industrially.



• Types of Renewable Energy– Biogas• Additionally, its production creates a high quality

fertilizer.• The digested organic material exits the system as a

high-quality fertilizer in liquid form. This liquid anaerobic “compost” still contains all the minerals and other soil nutrients of the kitchen and garden waste, including the nitrogen that can be lost through aerobic composting.





Biogas

4-35

Date post:	04-Jan-2016
Category:	Documents
Upload:	ambrose-cain
View:	215 times
Download:	1 times

Greenhouse Management Chapter 04 Mitigation to Climate Change 4-1Prepared by Seng Theara, MBA.

Documents