54
1 Grid Computing Dr Simon See High Performance Computing Sun Microsystems Inc
1
Gri
d C
ompu
ting
Dr S
imon
See
Hig
h Pe
rfor
man
ce C
ompu
ting
Sun
Mic
rosy
stem
s Inc
2
“The
grid
is a
n em
ergi
ng in
frast
ruct
ure
that
will
fund
amen
tally
cha
nge
the
way
w
e th
ink
abou
t – a
nd u
se –
com
putin
g.
The
grid
will
... c
reat
e a
univ
ersa
l sou
rce
of c
ompu
ting
pow
er.”
The
Grid
BLU
EP
RIN
T F
OR
A N
EW
CO
MP
UT
ING
IN
FR
AS
TR
UC
TU
RE
3
Grid
Com
putin
g E
nviro
nmen
ts:
●H
isto
rical
Per
spec
tive
●In
dust
ry C
hara
cter
istic
s●
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
●A
rchi
tect
ure
●Im
plem
enta
tion
●U
sabi
lity
and
Man
agem
ent
●E
xten
sibi
lity
and
Web
Ser
vice
s
AR
CH
ITE
CT
UR
E,
IMP
LEM
EN
TA
TIO
N A
ND
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T
4
Def
initi
ons
A G
rid is
a h
ardw
are/
softw
are/
inst
rum
ents
/ser
vice
infra
stru
ctur
e th
at
prov
ides
dep
enda
ble,
con
sist
ent,
perv
asiv
e, in
expe
nsiv
e *
acce
ss to
com
puta
tiona
l and
dat
a ca
pabi
litie
s.
* Fo
ster
, Kes
selm
an, 1
999
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
Com
pute
Far
mC
ompu
te F
arm
Grid
Com
putin
g E
nviro
nmen
ts
Gri
dG
rid
Clu
ster
Clu
ster
Har
dwar
e
Inst
rum
ents
Sof
twar
e
Ser
vice
s
Pro
cess
5
Def
initi
ons
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
Gri
d C
ompu
ting
Env
iron
men
ts●
Dis
tribu
ted
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t–
SG
E–
LSF
–N
QS
–D
JM
●P
aral
lel
Com
putin
g E
nviro
nmen
ts–
PV
M–
MP
L–
MP
I–
FOR
TRA
N 9
0–
Lind
a
6
Grid
Com
putin
g G
enea
logy
●E
arly
Grid
Tec
hnol
ogie
s–
Dis
tribu
ted
Job
Man
ager
; DJM
–
Net
wor
k Q
ueui
ng S
yste
m:
NQ
S–
Uni
vers
ity R
esea
rch
proj
ects
●M
atur
e C
omm
erci
al P
rodu
cts
–S
un G
rid E
ngin
e (S
un, f
orm
erly
C
odin
e/G
RD
)–
Load
Sha
ring
Faci
lity
(Pla
tform
C
ompu
ting)
–Lo
ad L
evel
er
●In
dust
ry C
olla
bora
tion
/ Le
ader
ship
–G
lobu
s–
Glo
bal G
rid F
orum
–P
latfo
rm G
lobu
s
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
Load
Bal
ance
r
Uto
pia
NQ
S
DJM
Task
Bro
ker
Con
dor
DN
QS
NC
Too
lset
LSF
NQ
S/E
xec
NQ
EP
BS
CO
NN
EC
T: Q
ueue
Uni
JES
Load
Lev
eler
Cod
ine
DQ
S
SG
E
SQ
SA
vaki
GG
F
Glo
bus
Pla
tform
Glo
bus
GR
DS
GE
/EE
7
Indu
stry
Cha
ract
eris
tics
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
Life
S
cien
ces
Fina
ncia
l S
ervi
ces
Ele
ctro
nic
Des
ign
Hig
h P
erfo
rman
ce
Com
putin
g
● S
tart
up a
nd c
ost e
ffic
ient
● C
usto
m r
esea
rch
or li
mite
d us
e ap
plic
atio
ns● M
ulti-
day
appl
icat
ion
runs
(BLA
ST)
● E
xpon
entia
l Com
bina
tions
● L
imite
d ad
min
istr
ativ
e st
aff
● C
ompl
emen
tary
tech
niqu
es
● T
ime
to M
arke
t● F
aste
st p
latf
orm
s, la
rges
t Gri
ds● L
icen
se M
anag
emen
t● W
ell e
stab
lishe
d ap
plic
atio
n su
ite● L
arge
lega
cy in
vest
men
t● P
latf
orm
Ow
ners
hip
issu
es
● M
arke
t sim
ulat
ions
● T
ime
IS M
oney
● P
ropr
ieta
ry a
pplic
atio
ns● M
ultip
le P
latf
orm
s● M
ultip
le s
cena
rio
exec
utio
n● N
eed
inst
ant r
esul
ts a
nd a
naly
sis
tool
s
● P
aral
lel R
eser
voir
Sim
ulat
ions
● G
eoph
ysic
al R
ay T
raci
ng● C
usto
m in
-hou
se c
odes
● W
ell e
stab
lishe
d ap
plic
atio
n su
ite
8
Grid
Evo
lutio
nary
Stra
tegy
:st
artin
g w
ith th
e cl
uste
r grid
Clu
ster
Grid
Dep
artm
enta
l Com
putin
g
• S
impl
est G
rid d
eplo
ymen
t
• M
axim
um u
tiliz
atio
n of
de
partm
enta
l res
ourc
es
• R
esou
rces
allo
cate
d ba
sed
on p
riorit
ies
Ent
erpr
ise
Grid
Ent
erpr
ise
Com
putin
g
• R
esou
rces
sha
red
with
in th
e en
terp
rise
• P
olic
ies
ensu
re c
ompu
ting
on
dem
and
• G
ives
mul
tiple
gro
ups
seam
less
acc
ess
to e
nter
pris
e re
sour
ces
Glo
bal G
rid
Inte
rnet
Com
putin
g
• R
esou
rces
sha
red
over
the
Inte
rnet
• G
loba
l vie
w o
f dis
tribu
ted
data
sets
Gh
hf
iG
id
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
9Exa
mpl
e G
rid C
omm
uniti
es
Virtu
al D
ata
Tool
sR
eque
st P
lann
ing
and
Sche
dulin
g To
ols
Req
uest
Exe
cutio
n M
anag
emen
t Too
ls
Tran
sfor
ms
Dis
tribu
ted
reso
urce
s(c
ode,
sto
rage
,co
mpu
ters
, and
net
wor
k)
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t Se
rvic
es
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t Se
rvic
es
Secu
rity
and
Polic
y Se
rvic
es
Secu
rity
and
Polic
y Se
rvic
es
Oth
er G
rid
Serv
ices
Oth
er G
rid
Serv
ices
Inte
ract
ive
Use
r Too
ls
Prod
uctio
n Te
am
Indi
vidu
al In
vest
igat
orO
ther
Use
rs
Raw
dat
a so
urce
•GriP
hyN
and
Eur
opea
n D
ataG
ridEn
able
(tho
usan
ds o
f) ph
ysic
ists
to p
ool d
ata
& co
mpu
ting
reso
urce
s fo
r da
ta-in
tens
ive
anal
yses
http
://w
ww
.grip
hyn.
org
http
://w
ww
.eu-
data
grid
.org
/
10
DO
E X
-ray
gra
nd c
hal
lenge:
AN
L, U
SC/I
SI,
NIS
T,
U.C
hic
ago
tom
ogra
phic
rec
onst
ruct
ion
real
-tim
eco
llect
ion
wid
e-ar
eadis
sem
inat
ion
des
ktop &
VR c
lients
w
ith s
har
ed c
ontr
ols
Adva
nce
d P
hoto
n S
ourc
e
Onl
ine
Acc
ess
to
Sci
entif
ic In
stru
men
ts
arch
ival
st
ora
ge
11
Am
bien
t mic
(tabl
etop
)
Pre
sent
er
mic
Pre
sent
er
cam
era
Aud
ienc
e ca
mer
a
Exa
mpl
e G
rid C
omm
uniti
es●
Acc
ess
Grid
C
olla
bora
tion
–E
nabl
e co
llabo
rativ
e w
ork
at d
ozen
s of
site
s w
orld
wid
e, w
ith s
trong
se
nse
of s
hare
d pr
esen
ce–
Com
bina
tion
of
com
mod
ity a
udio
/vid
eo
tech
+ G
rid te
chno
logi
es
for s
ecur
ity, d
isco
very
, et
c.–
40+
site
s w
orld
wid
e,
num
ber r
isin
g ra
pidl
y
http
://w
ww
.acc
essg
rid.o
rg
12
The
Grid
Pro
blem
●Fl
exib
le, s
ecur
e, c
oord
inat
ed re
sour
ce
shar
ing
amon
g dy
nam
ic c
olle
ctio
ns o
f in
divi
dual
s, in
stitu
tions
, and
reso
urce
From
“The
Ana
tom
y of
the
Grid
: Ena
blin
g S
cala
ble
Virt
ual O
rgan
izat
ions
”
●E
nabl
e co
mm
uniti
es (“
virtu
al
orga
niza
tions
”) to
sha
re g
eogr
aphi
cally
di
strib
uted
reso
urce
s as
they
pur
sue
com
mon
goa
ls --
ass
umin
g th
e ab
senc
e of
…–
cent
ral l
ocat
ion,
–ce
ntra
l con
trol,
–om
nisc
ienc
e,
–ex
istin
g tru
st re
latio
nshi
ps.
13
Ele
men
ts o
f the
Pro
blem
●R
esou
rce
shar
ing
–C
ompu
ters
, sto
rage
, sen
sors
, net
wor
ks, …
–S
harin
g al
way
s co
nditi
onal
: iss
ues
of tr
ust,
polic
y,
nego
tiatio
n, p
aym
ent,
…●
Coo
rdin
ated
pro
blem
sol
ving
–B
eyon
d cl
ient
-ser
ver:
dist
ribut
ed d
ata
anal
ysis
, co
mpu
tatio
n, c
olla
bora
tion,
…●
Dyn
amic
, mul
ti-in
stitu
tiona
l virt
ual o
rgs
–C
omm
unity
ove
rlays
on
clas
sic
org
stru
ctur
es–
Larg
e or
sm
all,
stat
ic o
r dyn
amic
14
Imag
e co
urt
esy
Har
vey
New
man
, Cal
tech
Dat
a G
rids
for
Hig
h E
nerg
y P
hysi
cs
Tier
2 Ce
ntre
~1
TIP
S
Onl
ine
Syst
em
Off
line
Proc
esso
r Fa
rm
~20
TIPS
CERN
Com
pute
r Ce
ntre
Ferm
iLab
~4
TIPS
Fran
ce R
egio
nal
Cent
re
Ita
ly R
egio
nal
Cent
re
Germ
any
Regi
onal
Ce
ntre
Inst
itut
eIn
stit
ute
Inst
itut
eIn
stit
ute
~0.2
5TIP
S
Phys
icis
t wo
rkst
atio
ns
~100
MBy
tes/
sec
~100
MBy
tes/
sec
~622
Mbi
ts/s
ec
~1 M
Byte
s/se
c
Ther
e is
a “b
unch
cro
ssin
g” e
very
25
nsec
s.Th
ere
are
100
“tri
gger
s” p
er s
econ
dEa
ch t
rigg
ered
eve
nt is
~1
MBy
te in
siz
e
Phys
icis
ts w
ork
on a
naly
sis
“cha
nnel
s”.
Each
inst
itut
e wi
ll ha
ve ~
10 p
hysi
cist
s wo
rkin
g on
one
or
mor
e ch
anne
ls; d
ata
for
thes
e ch
anne
ls s
houl
d be
cac
hed
by t
he
inst
itut
e se
rver
Phys
ics
data
cac
he
~PBy
tes/
sec
~
622
Mbi
ts/s
ec
o
r A
ir F
reig
ht
(dep
reca
ted)
Tier
2 Ce
ntre
~1
TIP
STi
er2
Cent
re
~1 T
IPS
Tier
2 Ce
ntre
~1
TIP
SCa
ltec
h
~1
TIPS
~622
Mbi
ts/s
ec
Tier
Ti
er
00Ti
er
Tier
11
Tier
Ti
er
22
Tier
Ti
er
44
1 TI
PS is
app
roxi
mat
ely
25,0
00
Spec
Int9
5 eq
uiva
lent
s
15Mat
hem
atic
ians
Sol
ve N
UG
30●
Look
ing
for t
he s
olut
ion
to th
e N
UG
30 q
uadr
atic
as
sign
men
t pro
blem
●
An
info
rmal
col
labo
ratio
n of
mat
hem
atic
ians
and
co
mpu
ter s
cien
tists
●C
ondo
r-G
del
iver
ed
3.46
E8
CP
U s
econ
ds in
7
days
(pea
k 10
09
proc
esso
rs) i
n U
.S. a
nd
Italy
(8 s
ites)
14,5
,28,2
4,1
,3,1
6,1
5,
10,9
,21,2
,4,2
9,2
5,2
2,
13,2
6,1
7,3
0,6
,20,1
9,
8,1
8,7
,27,1
2,1
1,2
3
Met
aNEO
S:
Arg
onne,
Iow
a, N
ort
hw
este
rn,
Wis
consi
n
16Net
wor
k fo
r Ear
thqu
ake
Eng
inee
ring
Sim
ulat
ion
●N
EE
Sgr
id: U
S n
atio
nal
infra
stru
ctur
e to
cou
ple
earth
quak
e en
gine
ers
with
exp
erim
enta
l fa
cilit
ies,
dat
abas
es,
com
pute
rs, &
eac
h ot
her
●O
n-de
man
d ac
cess
to
expe
rimen
ts, d
ata
stre
ams,
com
putin
g,
arch
ives
, col
labo
ratio
n
NEESgri
d:
Arg
onne,
Mic
hig
an,
NCSA,
UIU
C,
USC
17
•C
omm
unity
=–
1000
s of h
ome
com
pute
r us
ers
–Ph
ilant
hrop
ic c
ompu
ting
vend
or (E
ntro
pia)
–R
esea
rch
grou
p (S
crip
ps)
•C
omm
on g
oal=
adv
ance
A
IDS
rese
arch
Hom
e C
ompu
ters
Eva
luat
e A
IDS
Dru
gs
18
Bro
ader
Con
text
●“G
rid C
ompu
ting”
has
muc
h in
com
mon
w
ith m
ajor
indu
stria
l thr
usts
–B
usin
ess-
to-b
usin
ess,
Pee
r-to
-pee
r, A
pplic
atio
n S
ervi
ce P
rovi
ders
, Sto
rage
Ser
vice
Pro
vide
rs,
Dis
tribu
ted
Com
putin
g, In
tern
et C
ompu
ting…
●S
harin
g is
sues
not
ade
quat
ely
addr
esse
d by
exi
stin
g te
chno
logi
es
–C
ompl
icat
ed re
quire
men
ts: “
run
prog
ram
X a
t site
Y
subj
ect t
o co
mm
unity
pol
icy
P, p
rovi
ding
acc
ess
to d
ata
at Z
acc
ordi
ng to
pol
icy
Q”
–H
igh
perfo
rman
ce: u
niqu
e de
man
ds o
f adv
ance
d &
hi
gh-p
erfo
rman
ce s
yste
ms
19
Why
Now
?●
Moo
re’s
law
impr
ovem
ents
in c
ompu
ting
prod
uce
high
ly fu
nctio
nal e
ndsy
stem
s●
The
Inte
rnet
and
bur
geon
ing
wire
d an
d w
irele
ss p
rovi
de u
nive
rsal
con
nect
ivity
●C
hang
ing
mod
es o
f wor
king
and
pr
oble
m s
olvi
ng e
mph
asiz
e te
amw
ork,
co
mpu
tatio
n●
Net
wor
k ex
pone
ntia
ls p
rodu
ce d
ram
atic
ch
ange
s in
geo
met
ry a
nd g
eogr
aphy
20
Net
wor
k E
xpon
entia
ls●
Net
wor
k vs
. com
pute
r per
form
ance
–C
ompu
ter s
peed
dou
bles
eve
ry 1
8 m
onth
s–
Net
wor
k sp
eed
doub
les
ever
y 9
mon
ths
–D
iffer
ence
= o
rder
of m
agni
tude
per
5 y
ears
●19
86 to
200
0–
Com
pute
rs: x
500
–N
etw
orks
: x 3
40,0
00●
2001
to 2
010
–C
ompu
ters
: x 6
0–
Net
wor
ks: x
400
0M
oore
’s L
aw v
s. s
tora
ge impr
ovem
ents
vs.
opt
ical impr
ovem
ents
. Gr
aph
from
Scien
tific
Amer
ican
(J
an-2
001)
by
Cleo
Vile
tt, s
ourc
e Vi
ned
Khos
lan,
Kle
iner
, Cau
fiel
d an
d Pe
rkin
s.
21
Bus
ines
s D
river
s
●R
educ
ed C
osts
●E
ffici
ent u
se o
f res
ourc
es, T
CO
, RO
I●
Util
ize
late
nt c
ycle
s
●S
horte
n Ti
me
to M
arke
t●
Impr
ove
busi
ness
dec
isio
ns, r
educ
e ris
k●
Fast
er, B
ette
r, C
heap
er●
New
Cap
abili
ties,
impr
oved
qua
lity,
in
nova
tion
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
22
App
licat
ion
Req
uire
men
ts
●B
asic
Info
rmat
ion
–P
rimar
y st
akeh
olde
rs–
Ope
ratin
g S
yste
ms
and
supp
ort m
echa
nism
s–
Dep
loym
ent m
odel
–I/O
and
dat
a re
quire
men
ts●
Exe
cutio
n P
rofil
e–
Dyn
amic
mem
ory
allo
catio
n, fo
otpr
int
–P
erfo
rman
ce c
hara
cter
istic
s, re
fere
nce
benc
hmar
ks–
Net
wor
k I/O
–Jo
b du
ratio
n ch
arac
teris
tics
–U
tiliz
atio
n tre
nds
●A
pplic
atio
n C
hara
cter
istic
s–
Dep
ende
ncie
s–
Prio
ritie
s vs
. oth
er a
pplic
atio
ns–
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t pos
t exe
cutio
n–
Che
ckpo
intin
g ca
pabl
e
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
23
App
licat
ion
Sta
ckA
rchi
tect
ure
Acc
ess
and
Req
uest
Ser
vice
s
Grid
Ser
vice
sN
etw
ork
Ser
vice
sN
FSD
HC
PLD
AP
Iden
tity
NIS
App
licat
ion
Exe
cutio
n S
ervi
ces
Dat
a S
ervi
ces
BLA
ST
NA
STR
AN
MA
KE
Ver
ilog
24
Arc
hite
ctur
al R
equi
rem
ents
●A
vaila
bilit
y–
Dow
ntim
e im
pact
of G
rid e
nviro
nmen
t–
Impa
ct o
f int
erru
ptio
n of
indi
vidu
al jo
bs–
Acc
epta
ble
mai
nten
ance
win
dow
s●
Sca
labi
lity
–A
ntic
ipat
ed g
row
th o
ver 1
–3–5
yea
rs–
Des
ired
scal
ing
stra
tegy
and
resp
onse
to p
eak
load
s–
Stra
tegy
for t
echn
olog
y re
fresh
, evo
lutio
n●
Man
agea
bilit
y–
Ski
ll se
t/wor
kloa
d of
adm
inis
tratio
n pe
rson
nel
–E
xpec
ted
stab
ility
of a
pplic
atio
ns–
Cod
e m
anag
emen
t, so
ftwar
e di
strib
utio
n m
echa
nism
s●
Sec
urity
–U
ser a
uthe
ntic
atio
n m
echa
nism
s–
Inte
rnet
acc
ess
to g
rid–
Dat
a S
ecur
ity re
quire
men
ts
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
25
Grid
Pol
icy
Man
agem
ent
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
Dep
artm
ent
1D
epar
tmen
t 2
Dep
artm
ent 3 D
epar
tmen
t res
ourc
e ac
cess
Cam
pus
wid
e re
sour
ce d
eman
d
Pro
ject
ATeam
B
Con
tract
or X
Pro
ject
C
Use
r 1
Use
r 2
Dep
artm
ent 4
Dep
artm
ent 5
Cle
ar d
efin
ition
and
doc
umen
tatio
n of
prio
ritie
s
and
polic
ies
is k
ey to
Grid
reso
urce
man
agem
ent
26
Ava
ilabi
lity
Mod
elA
rchi
tect
ure Lo
cal A
rea
Use
rs
Acc
ess
Tier
Com
mod
ity S
ervi
ces
No
Hig
h A
vaila
bilit
y
Res
tart
thro
ugh
SG
E
Pre
miu
m S
ervi
ces
Sun
™ C
lust
er 3
.0
and
RA
S A
rchi
tect
ure
Sun
Grid
Eng
ine
Sun
Clu
ster
age
nt
or S
hado
w M
aste
rN
etw
ork
Ser
vice
s
Sun
Clu
ster
3.0
for N
FS
LDA
P, D
NS
, NIS
;
Mas
ter/S
lave
DH
CP
– n
one
Dat
abas
e S
ervi
ces
Sun
Clu
ster
3.0
Inte
rnet
-Bas
ed
Use
rs
Bac
kup
and
Rec
over
y
Sun
Clu
ster
3.0
for N
etB
acku
p
Net
wor
k S
witc
h R
edun
danc
y
HS
RP
, VR
RP
Sun
Clu
ster
3.0
for P
orta
l
27
Dat
a M
odel
●N
etw
ork
File
Sys
tem
–D
omin
ates
Grid
E
nviro
nmen
ts–
Nam
ing
Ser
vice
–au
tom
ount
er
●H
ighl
y av
aila
ble
and
scal
able
●K
ey to
effi
cien
t dep
loym
ent
and
man
agem
ent
●S
AN
Tec
hnol
ogie
s us
ually
pr
esen
t beh
ind
data
se
rvic
e●
Loca
l cac
hein
g an
d da
ta
man
agem
ent m
ay p
lay
a ro
le
Arc
hite
ctur
e
/glo
bal
proj
ect
/dat
a
com
mon
/hom
e
usr4
usr3
usr2
usr1
/app
s
/BLA
ST
/am
ber
/SG
E
imag
e
/Lin
ux/S
olar
is
9
/Sol
aris
2.6
apps
/loca
l
scra
tch
28
Sca
labi
lity
●N
etw
ork
arch
itect
ure
cons
train
s gr
id
scal
abili
ty●
NFS
Arc
hite
ctur
e sc
ales
w/ s
uppo
rt of
SA
N +
Ser
ver T
echn
olog
ies
●S
cala
bilit
y M
odel
●N
etw
ork
Arc
hite
ctur
e●
Sto
rage
Arc
hite
ctur
e●
Ope
ratio
ns M
odel
Arc
hite
ctur
e
29
Sec
urity
●G
rid S
ecur
ity la
ys o
n to
p of
exi
stin
g S
ecur
ity
arch
itect
ure,
goo
d or
bad
●S
ecur
ity Is
sues
●G
rid m
ay c
onta
ins
reso
urce
s ow
ned
by d
iffer
ent
dist
rust
ful o
rgan
izat
ions
●D
ata
need
s to
get
in/o
ut o
f the
grid
●U
sers
nee
d ac
cess
to th
e gr
id●
Inse
cure
pro
toco
ls s
uch
as N
FS a
nd a
utom
ount
●S
ecur
ity R
equi
rem
ents
●S
ingl
e si
gn-o
n●
Pro
tect
ion
of C
rede
ntia
ls●
Inte
rope
rabi
lity
w/ l
ocal
sec
urity
sta
ndar
ds●
Sec
ure
com
mun
icat
ion
●M
ultip
le im
plem
enta
tions
Arc
hite
ctur
e
30
Sec
urity
Rec
omm
enda
tions
●U
nder
stan
d S
ecur
ity P
olic
y●
Mul
tiple
Tru
st d
omai
ns, p
olic
y do
mai
ns●
Acc
ess
from
em
ploy
ees,
par
tner
s, c
usto
mer
s●
Sen
sitiv
ity o
f dat
a, in
form
atio
n, re
sour
ces,
com
mun
icat
ion
●S
ecur
e th
e E
nviro
nmen
t●
Sec
urity
arc
hite
ctur
e te
chni
ques
–A
pply
to G
rid S
ervi
ce In
frast
ruct
ure
–S
egre
gate
the
Grid
from
ext
erna
l net
wor
ks w
ith F
irew
alls
–H
arde
n op
erat
ing
syst
em o
n G
rid N
odes
●A
uthe
ntic
atio
n / A
utho
rizat
ion
–E
nfor
ce a
cces
s to
the
Grid
–A
utho
rizat
ion
at th
e us
er/g
roup
leve
l●
Do
not a
llow
use
rs d
irect
con
nect
ion
to th
e gr
id n
odes
●D
evel
op s
ecur
e da
ta tr
ansf
er
Arc
hite
ctur
e
31
Add
ition
al R
equi
rem
ents
●D
ata
Dis
tribu
tion
●Lo
catio
n, v
olum
e, re
fresh
, and
sec
urity
of d
ata
●U
sabi
lity
●S
kill
set a
nd c
lient
env
ironm
ent c
an im
pact
us
abili
ty o
f env
ironm
ent
●P
sych
olog
ical
fact
ors
impo
rtant
●O
pera
tions
Man
agem
ent
●Li
mite
d st
aff t
o m
anag
e hu
ndre
ds o
r tho
usan
ds
of C
PU
s●
Res
ourc
es a
dded
in la
rge
bloc
ks●
Cha
nge
cont
rol i
s ex
trem
ely
criti
cal o
pera
tion
Req
uire
men
ts a
nd P
olic
ies
●R
esou
rce
man
agem
ent s
oftw
are
that
ag
greg
ates
com
pute
pow
er a
nd d
eliv
ers
it as
a n
etw
ork
serv
ice.
●P
rovi
des
cons
iste
nt a
nd p
erva
sive
ac
cess
to h
igh-
thro
ughp
ut c
ompu
tatio
nal
capa
bilit
ies,
and
the
job
acco
untin
g an
d st
atis
tics
need
ed to
mon
itor a
nd im
prov
e re
sour
ce u
tiliz
atio
n.
Grid
Eng
ine
33
Grid
Evo
lutio
nary
Stra
tegy
:st
artin
g w
ith th
e cl
uste
r grid
Clu
ster
Grid
Dep
artm
enta
l Com
putin
g
• S
impl
est G
rid d
eplo
ymen
t
• M
axim
um u
tiliz
atio
n of
de
partm
enta
l res
ourc
es
• R
esou
rces
allo
cate
d ba
sed
on p
riorit
ies
Ent
erpr
ise
Grid
Ent
erpr
ise
Com
putin
g
• R
esou
rces
sha
red
with
in th
e en
terp
rise
• P
olic
ies
ensu
re c
ompu
ting
on
dem
and
• G
ives
mul
tiple
gro
ups
seam
less
acc
ess
to e
nter
pris
e re
sour
ces
Glo
bal G
rid
Inte
rnet
Com
putin
g
• R
esou
rces
sha
red
over
the
Inte
rnet
• G
loba
l vie
w o
f dis
tribu
ted
data
sets
Gh
hf
iG
id
His
toric
al P
ersp
ectiv
e
34
Ope
n G
rid S
ervi
ces
Arc
hite
ctur
e (O
GS
A)
●E
volu
tion
and
Inte
grat
ion
of G
rid te
chno
logi
es a
nd W
eb
Ser
vice
s●
OG
SA
def
ines
a “G
rid S
ervi
ce”
●In
term
s of
WS
DL
inte
rface
s, d
efin
es m
echa
nism
s:●
crea
ting
dist
ribut
ed
syst
ems
●lif
etim
e m
anag
emen
t●
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t
●cr
eden
tial m
anag
emen
t●
notif
icat
ion
●N
otifi
catio
n●
Aut
horiz
atio
n●
Ser
vice
Cre
atio
n●
Ser
vice
Reg
istry
●M
anag
eabi
lity
●C
oncu
rren
cy
Hos
ting
Env
/runt
ime:
C, J
2EE
Sys
tem
s In
frast
ruct
ure
Grid
Ser
vice
... o
ther
inte
rface
s
Ser
vice
Dat
a
Ele
men
t
Ser
vice
Dat
a
Ele
men
t
Ser
vice
Dat
a
Ele
men
tIm
plem
enta
tion/
Inte
rface
s
35
Sun Technologies •Ja
va™
•Ji
ni™
•V
irtua
lizat
ion
of n
etw
ork,
co
mpu
te, s
tora
ge
reso
urce
s—
N1
initi
ativ
e•
Res
ourc
e op
timiz
atio
n•
Thin
-nod
e an
d fa
tS
MP
clu
ster
s•
Sin
gle
OS
(mon
olith
ic)
scal
abili
ty•
RA
S•
Dat
a C
ente
r m
anag
ers
•IT
sta
keho
lder
s
Clie
ntP
orta
lS
hare
d P
ool o
f Res
ourc
es
Constituencies
Sun
Col
labo
rativ
e C
ompu
ting
•S
cien
tist d
evel
oper
•E
ngin
eer
deve
lope
r•
Ser
vice
Pro
vide
rs•
ISV
s
•S
cien
tist
•E
ngin
eer
•S
un O
NE
Stu
dio™
S
uite
•S
un O
NE
™
•Ja
va™
•Ji
ni™
36
Usa
bilit
y●
Com
man
d lin
e in
tera
ctio
n to
laun
ch jo
bs●
GU
I’s o
ften
live
in U
nix®
w
orld
●A
dditi
onal
ste
ps/p
rodu
cts
inte
grat
ing
with
Win
dow
s O
E –N
FS In
tegr
atio
n–
Teln
et w
indo
ws
–X
Ser
ver
–U
ser I
D M
gt.
●Te
chni
cal C
ompu
ting
Por
tal
–C
entra
lize
Job
Mgt
.–
Sta
ndar
dize
acc
ess
and
auth
entic
atio
n–
Ext
end
stan
dard
inte
rface
to
user
s,cu
stom
ers,
partn
ers
Usa
bilit
y an
d M
anag
emen
t
37
Sun
Ena
blin
g Te
chno
logi
es
●S
un™
Grid
Eng
ine
Sof
twar
e–
Hig
h-th
roug
hput
com
puta
tiona
l ca
pabi
litie
s an
d re
sour
ce
utili
zatio
n fo
r clu
ster
grid
s–
Ent
erpr
ise
Edi
tion
adds
pol
icy
man
agem
ent f
or s
hare
d-ow
ners
hip
cam
pus
grid
s
●S
un O
NE
™ S
oftw
are
–P
orta
l Ser
ver:
Inte
rnet
ser
vice
s de
ploy
men
t pla
tform
–S
ervi
ces
to q
uick
ly, s
ecur
ely
depl
oy te
chni
cally
dem
andi
ng
porta
ls
Sup
ports
Sol
aris
, Lin
ux,
and
Oth
erO
pera
ting
Sys
tem
s
Wha
t is
a P
orta
l ?●
A W
eb S
erve
r plu
s–
Secu
rity
–Au
then
ticat
ion
(Uni
x, L
DAP
, sec
ured
,...)
–Pe
rson
aliz
atio
n–
Appl
icat
ion
Acce
ss (b
usin
ess
& te
chni
cal)
–C
onte
nt A
ggre
gatio
n
Sun
ON
E P
orta
l Ser
ver©
Wha
t is
an L
S-D
YN
A P
orta
l ?●
LS-D
YN
A a
cces
s th
roug
h a
Bro
wse
r–
Mak
e sy
stem
com
plex
ities
transparent
–R
emot
e Ac
cess
/ Jo
b Su
bmis
sion
–R
emot
e Jo
b M
anag
emen
t–
HTM
L fo
rms
for j
ob s
ubm
issi
on–
Upl
oad
/ Dow
nloa
d fil
es re
mot
ely
–Se
para
te In
terfa
ces
for S
uppl
iers
/ Pa
rtner
s S
ecu
re a
nyt
ime,
an
ywh
ere
acce
ss
LS-D
YN
A P
orta
l Arc
hite
ctur
e
HPC
Se
rver
s
(HPC
SAN
s)H
PC S
tora
ge
Hig
h Sp
eed
Dat
a Tr
ansf
er
Web
Bro
wse
rsR
emot
e Fi
le
Edit/
Visu
aliz
e/Tr
ansf
er
Sun
ON
E P
orta
l / G
rid
Eng
ine
Logi
n S
cree
n
Use
r Acc
ess
Vie
w
Job
Sub
mis
sion
Job
Inpu
t For
m
File
Vie
wer
Out
put F
ile
TCP
Har
dwar
e an
d S
oftw
are
Sta
ck
Intra
net
Por
tal
Wire
less
Por
tal
(futu
re)
Sun
Mgt
Cnt
r
Inte
rnet
Por
tal
Sun
Ser
vers
T3 S
tora
ge R
acks
Sun
TCP
Inte
grat
ion
Tool
s
Tech
nica
l App
licat
ions
(IS
V&
Lega
cy)
Sol
aris
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t
Sun
Grid
Eng
ine
Clu
ster
Tool
s (M
PI)
Sun
ON
E P
orta
l Ser
ver
With
TC
P, Y
ou C
an...
Enj
oy s
ecur
e an
ytim
e, a
nyw
here
acc
ess
– su
bmit
jobs
rem
otel
y
Mak
e H
PTC
reso
urce
s av
aila
ble
to o
ther
use
rs w
ithou
t dup
licat
ing
the
inve
stm
ent
Upl
oad
files
with
the
clic
k of
a b
utto
n
Im
prov
e re
sour
ce m
anag
emen
t and
har
ness
idle
com
putin
g cy
cles
Man
age
job
subm
issi
on v
ia fo
rms
Dyn
amic
ally
che
ck o
n th
e st
atus
of j
obs
Rec
eive
em
ail n
otifi
catio
n w
hen
jobs
are
com
plet
e
Dow
nloa
d/vi
sual
ize
outp
ut fi
les
rem
otel
y
Eas
ily s
hare
resu
lts w
ith c
olla
bora
tors
Qui
ckly
add
lega
cy a
pps
for s
harin
g an
d re
mot
e us
e
49
Sun
Pow
ers
the
Grid
•C
aprio
n P
harm
aceu
tical
s•
Cog
nige
n C
orp.
•E
PC
C•
Ford
Mot
or C
ompa
ny•
Ohi
o S
uper
com
pute
r C
ente
r•
Mot
orol
a•
RW
TH A
ache
n
•W
hite
Ros
e in
itiat
ive
Com
pute
C
ompu
te
Farm
s/Fa
rms/
Clu
ster
Grid
sC
lust
er G
rids
Cam
pus/
Cam
pus/
Ent
erpr
ise
Ent
erpr
ise
Grid
sG
rids
Glo
bal G
rids
Tech
nica
l Te
chni
cal
Com
putin
g C
ompu
ting
Por
tal
Por
tal
50
Ford
Mot
or C
ompa
ny
●S
un H
PTC
sol
utio
n–
500
dual
-CP
U w
orks
tatio
ns–
Sun
Grid
Eng
ine
softw
are
●B
usin
ess
Impa
ct–
Run
MC
AD
app
licat
ions
on
500
CP
Us
by d
ay–
Run
MC
AE
app
licat
ions
7 x
24
on s
ame
syst
ems
conf
igur
ed a
s a
grid
●50
0 C
PU
s da
ytim
e; 1
000
CP
Us
nigh
ts a
nd w
eeke
nds
–G
reat
ly in
crea
sed
thro
ughp
ut–
Mor
e an
alys
is d
rives
hig
her q
ualit
y re
sear
ch a
nd lo
wer
co
st
–Fa
ster
des
ign
deci
sion
s re
duce
tim
e to
mar
ket
51
Cap
rion
Pha
rmac
eutic
als:
●S
un H
PTC
sol
utio
n–
Bas
ed o
n S
PA
RC
/Sol
aris
–R
ange
of S
un F
ire s
erve
rs (2
80R
to 6
800)
–Fo
rte™
(Sun
Stu
dio)
Dev
elop
men
t Too
ls
–S
un P
rofe
ssio
nal S
ervi
ces
●B
ioin
form
atic
s fir
m, l
eade
r in
prot
eom
ics
–D
isco
vers
and
dev
elop
s ph
arm
aceu
tical
pro
duct
s
●C
riter
ia–
Bui
ld c
ompu
te fa
rm th
at c
an a
ddre
ss th
e bi
gges
t iss
ues
in li
fe
scie
nces
toda
y–
Pro
cess
hun
dred
s of
tera
byte
s of
dat
a pe
r yea
r–
Cre
ate
arch
itect
ure
that
can
gro
w e
xpon
entia
lly–
Bet
ter c
olla
bora
tion,
fast
er ti
me-
to-m
arke
t
LEA
DIN
G P
RO
TE
IN A
NA
LYS
IS C
OM
PU
TE
F
AR
M
52
Aac
hen
Uni
vers
ity
●Le
adin
g E
urop
ean
tech
nica
l uni
vers
ity–
Rep
lace
out
date
d, v
ecto
r-ba
sed
supe
rcom
pute
r–
Four
tera
flops
goa
l–
Col
labo
ratio
n fo
cus
on C
FD a
nd V
R T
ools
●C
riter
ia–
ISV
rela
tions
hips
–
Sca
labi
lity,
ava
ilabi
lity
–P
rice/
perfo
rman
ce–
Ven
dor w
ith c
olla
bora
tion-
orie
nted
app
roac
h●
Sun
HP
TC s
olut
ion
–Fo
ur S
un F
ire 1
5K s
yste
ms,
16
Sun
Fire
680
0 sy
stem
s–
Agg
rega
tes
to 1
.2 te
raflo
ps–
Sun
™ H
PC
Clu
ster
Tool
s so
ftwar
e–
Sun
™ G
rid E
ngin
e fo
r sta
tew
ide
acce
ss
53
HP
C V
irtua
l Lab
s (H
PC
VL)
●C
onso
rtium
of F
our C
anad
ian
Uni
vers
ities
–
Rec
ently
dep
loye
d m
assi
ve S
un H
PC
env
ironm
ent
–E
xpec
ted
to b
e am
ong
top
100
HP
C s
ites
in th
e w
orld
●
Crit
eria
–In
nova
tive
partn
ersh
ip p
rogr
am–
Rob
ustn
ess,
relia
bilit
y–
Pric
e/pe
rform
ance
–Fu
ture
pro
duct
road
map
●S
un H
PTC
Sol
utio
n–
10 S
un F
ire™
680
0s a
nd 2
Sun
Fire
15K
s –
Sun
Ent
erpr
ise™
220
R, S
un S
torE
dge™
T3
arra
ys–
Sol
aris
™ 8
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t–
Sun
HP
C C
lust
erTo
ols™
, For
te™
, Sun
Grid
Eng
ine,
Sun
Res
ourc
e M
anag
er™
, Sun
Man
agem
ent C
ente
r, S
olst
ice
Dis
kSui
te™
sof
twar
e
54
Con
clus
ions
Grid
Com
putin
g ha
s th
e po
tent
ial
to e
xten
d co
mpu
ting
into
a u
tility
-ty
pe e
nviro
nmen
t. If
this
is to
ha
ppen
, Grid
com
putin
g m
ust b
e bu
ilt u
pon
an in
frast
ruct
ure
desi
gned
to p
rovi
de c
arrie
r-gr
ade
Qua
lity
of S
ervi
ce
