RICE

GCP Project Number: G7010.04.01

Improving rice productivity in lowland ecosystems of Burkina Faso, Mali and

Nigeria through marker-assisted recurrent selection for drought tolerance and yield

potential

Ndjiondjop MN, Venuprasad R, Futakuchi K, Dieng I, Sow M, Cisse F, Hema D, Maji A.T, Audebert A, Kumar A and Ahmadi N

Plan

• Overall Project • Highlights

• Conclusion

Project Organization WP1- Characterization of the IV-TPE, establishment of drought evaluation sites and description of ideotypes fitting major sub-classes of TPE. • Characterization of lowland environment • Establishing drought evaluation sites and • Designing Ideotype for TPE

WP2- Phenotyping • For drought tolerance the GCP phase 1 genetic materials, MARS populations, and promising lines • For yield & other traits under various levels of environment control

WP3- Breeding • Developing breeding populations • Genotyping MARS populations • QTL analysis • Combining favourable alleles at target QTLs

WP4- Capacity and Community Building • Putting in place the rice drought molecular biology and breeding community of practice for West Africa • Capacity building (PhD student and short training on specific topics)

WP5- Project and information management • For drought tolerance • For yield & other traits under various levels of environment control

Highlights: WP1- Consolidating knowledge

• The extend of inland valleys in the TPE in Nigeria, Mali and Burkina Faso were determined using a digital elevation model (DEM)

• Information on farmers’ perception and management of drought in the TPE is available through surveys involving around 200 farmers in Mali and two states in Nigeria

• Validation of crop simulation modeling is on going from 2 years field experiments data

Highlights: WP2&3- Phenotyping and Breeding

Implementation of efficient Phenotyping network

Highlights: WP2&3- Phenotyping and Breeding

• 6 populations (B6144, ITA212, WAB638-1, BW348-1, Kogoni 91-1 and IRAT104) developed with a common parent (IR64)

• 4 of them evaluated for general adaptability and

phenotypic acceptability • 3 (B6144, Kogoni and ITA212) evaluated for yield

potential during wet season

• 3 evaluated (B6144, Kogoni and ITA212) for drought tolerance during dry season

Populations developed

Phenotyping for drought tolerance

Highlights: WP2&3- Phenotyping and Breeding

• MARS POP 1 (IR64 X B6144) • 230 lines evaluated in 6 field trials in Burkina, Nigeria, Mali, AfricaRice-

Ibadan, CIAT and IRRI and 1 controlled-trials (AfricaRice) • 62 lines evaluated in 4 field trials in Burkina, Nigeria, Mali, AfricaRice-

Ibadan, and 1 controlled-trials (AfricaRice) Location Traits Population mean Reduction (%)

Well-watered Stressed Burkina Days to flowering 106.5 114.0 -7.0 Ibadan Days to flowering 78.0 79.4 -1.8 IRRI Days to flowering 85.3 102.9 -20.6 Mali Days to flowering 94.2 98.5 -4.6

Nigeria Days to flowering 60.6 126.5 - ROS Days to flowering 65.4 67.9 -3.7

Burkina Grain yield (t.ha) 2.3 1.2 47.5 Ibadan Grain yield (t.ha) 4.9 1.3 72.3 IRRI Grain yield (g) 650.3 82.0 87.4 Mali Grain yield (g) 509.3 335.1 34.2

Nigeria Grain yield (g) 293.2 341.3 - ROS Grain yield (g) 249.0 68.8 72.4

Burkina Plant height 100.7 93.2 7.5 Ibadan Plant height 120.7 82.4 31.8 IRRI Plant height 107.8 79.2 26.6 Mali Plant height 101.4 89.2 12.1

Nigeria Plant height 136.5 72.7 46.7 ROS Plant height 119.2 90.9 23.7

• MARS POP 2 (IR64 X ITA212) • 230 lines evaluated in 4 field trials in

Burkina, Nigeria, Mali, AfricaRice-Ibadan, and 1 controlled-trials (AfricaRice)

• MARS POP 3 (IR64 X Kogoni91-1) • 144 lines evaluated under controlled-trials

(AfricaRice)

Phenotyping for Yield Potential

Highlights: WP2&3- Phenotyping and Breeding

POP 1 Mali

POP 1 in Burkina

• MARS POP 1 (IR64 X B6144) • 230 lines evaluated in 7 field trials in Burkina, Nigeria, Mali,

AfricaRice-Ibadan, • MARS POP 3 (IR64 x Kogoni 91-1)

• 230 lines evaluated in 2 field trials in Mali and AfricaRice-Cotonou

Trait: Yield

Example of Promising lines

Nigeria (Badeggi VB)

AfricaRice- Ibadan (VF)

IRB-MR-463 **** ** IRB-MR-4 **** - IRB-MR-176 **** - IRB-MR-197 **** - IRB-MR-215 *** *

IR64 - -

B6144F - -

**** >> 10 checks, ***>> 9 checks , ** >> 7 checks, **>> 4 checks

Plot Yield VF Ibadan

20

200 1400 1200 800 400

120

100

600 1000 0

80

60

40

Plot yield (g)

POP 3 at Cotonou

General scheme of the MARS procedure (From IBP portal)

- Cumulate favourable alleles at QTLs of interest - Recombination of complementary lines (R) - MAS of the best recombinations Iteration of R & MAS = MARS

QTL detection on F5:6 Multiple trait (yield, days to flowering, plant height) & Multiple environments

Genotyping IR4 x B6144F (484 SNPs) IR64 x ITA212 ( 369 SNPs) IR64 x Kogoni (305 SNPs)

7 parents selected (IR64, B6144, ITA212, BW348, WAB638, Kogoni91, IRAT104

Genotyping parental lines with 805 SNPs markers

6 MARS bi-parental populations developed

- 1st pop: 230 lines from IR64 x B6144F (14 trials) - 2nd pop: 200-230 lines from IR64 x ITA212 (5 trials) - 3rd pop: IR64 x Kogoni91-1 (3 trials)

Simulation using IBP tools (OptiMAS)

Phenotyping for DRT and YP in TPEs

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IR64 x B6144

Highlights: WP2&3- Phenotyping and Breeding: Summary

Highlights: WP4- Capacity and Community Building

Information and technology exchange within the Rice CI network

• Regular Monitoring tours organized and good germplasm exchange between partners

Recalibrating Diviner 2000 in Burkina

Monitoring tour in Mali

• On-site training are organized on-demand • CIRAD to AfricaRice for IR thermography and fluorimetry • AfricaRice to NARS partners Diviner 2000, IBP tools, etc

Reviewing data recording in Mali

• 3 PhD and one MSc students on board with focus on indirect physiological methods for drought evaluation, exploitation of O. glaberrima drought tolerance potential and increasing yield potential using MARS

• Development of linkage with other projects: AfricaRice Breeding Task Force, GRiSP Phenotyping Task Force

Field preparation for drought experiment in Burkina

Highlights: WP5- Project and information management

Data gathering and information management • Phenotyping databases, using IBWorkflow System, established at

AfricaRice and NARS countries (more than 15 trials already loaded)

• Data analysis strategy established (collection, quality control, statistical analysis, QTL analysis, Simulation and decision)

• Regular Project updates and annual technical report developed and shared

• Information on farmers’ perception and management of drought in the TPE is available through surveys involving around 200 farmers in Mali and Nigeria.

• An efficient drought phenotyping network was established

Conclusion

• MARS POP 1 (IR64 X B6144) phenotyped for drought tolerance and yield potential in 15 trials

• MARS POP 2 (IR64 X ITA212) evaluated for drought tolerance in 4 field trials in Burkina, Nigeria, Mali, AfricaRice-Ibadan, and 1 controlled-trials (AfricaRice)

• MARS POP3 (IR64 x Kogoni1-1) evaluated for drought and yield potential in Cotonou and Mali

• Genotypic data available on three MARS pop

• Seven consistent QTLs were subsets out of 30

Conclusion

• A three steps optimization process was undertaken. 1) the genetic value of each line was estimated using genotypic data; 2) Six candidate lines are selected; 3) the expected genetic value of the progeny crosses between these lines was

computed and crosses are being made.

• Improved material identified at each cycle of selection will join the AfricaRice and NARS partners’ varieties development and release pipelines. This is already the case for the lines with improved yield stability

Collaborating Institutes

Center of Excellence for Rice Research

NCRI

Thank you !!!!!!!!