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About me02
Andrey Adamovich
Bio: Developer, coach, speaker, author
Company: Aestas/IT (http://aestasit.com)
E-mail: [email protected]
Linkedin: http://www.linkedin.com/in/andreyadamovich
Twitter: @aestasit
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What's this presentation about?
Our take on:
DevOps
Intrastructure Provisioning
Continuous Integration
Continuous Delivery
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Technologies
Groovy - http://groovy.codehaus.org
Gradle - http://gradle.org
Jenkins - http://jenkins-ci.org
Puppet - http://puppetlabs.com
AWS - http://aws.amazon.com
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Developers +Operations =
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Silos
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Conflicts08
Risk
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Agile
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What is DevOps?
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C.A.M.S.
Culture : People over processes and tools. Software is made by and
for people.
Automation : Automation is essential for DevOps to gain quick
feedback.
Measurement : DevOps finds a specific path to measurement. Quality
and shared (or at least aligned) incentives are critical.
Sharing : Creates a culture where people share ideas, processes,
and tools.
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It's not abouttools!
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It's aboutculture and
process!14
But withouttools...
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...it'sdefinitelyharder!
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DevOps implyautomation!
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DevOps implystructure!
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Infrastructureas code
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Infrastructure as code
Automate the provisioning and maintenance of servers:
Build from source control
Utilize existing tools
Ensure testability
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Configuration propagation
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Configuration propagation
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Changes
Imagine uploading *.class files and repackaging JAR directly on
production servers when you have an urgent code change.
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Deployment isautomatic!
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And, so,should be...
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infrastructureconfiguration
changes!26
No manualchanges!
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Building an automation toolkit
Automation is key
We are JVM hackers
Fragmented ecosystem
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Initial toolset
Gradle
Groovy
Ant
Python/WLST
Shell scripts
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Required tooling
Infrastructure connectivity
Infrastructure provisioning
Infrastructure virtualization
Infrastructure testing
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First Blood31
Ant + Gradle
ant.taskdef(
name: 'scp',
classname: 'o.a.t.a.t.o.ssh.Scp',
classpath: configurations.secureShell.asPath)
ant.taskdef(
name: 'sshexec',
classname: 'o.a.t.a.t.o.ssh.SSHExec',
classpath: configurations.secureShell.asPath)
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Simple call
ant.sshexec(
host: host,
username: user,
password: password,
command: command,
trust: 'true',
failonerror: failOnError)
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Next step: wrapper function
def ssh(String command,
Properties props,
boolean failOnError = false,
String suCommandQuoteChar = "'",
String outputProperty = null) {
...
}
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Next step: wrapper function
def scp(String file,
String remoteDir,
Properties props) {
...
}
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Task example I
task installFonts << {
forAllServers { props ->
ssh('yes | yum install *font*', props)
}
}
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Task example II
task uninstallNginx << {
forAllServers { props ->
ssh('/etc/init.d/nginx stop', props)
ssh('yes | yum remove nginx', props, true)
ssh('rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo', props)
ssh('rm -rf /var/log/nginx', props)
ssh('rm -rf /etc/nginx /var/nginx', props)
}
}
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Drawbacks
New connection each time
Excplicit repeating parameters
Complex scripts are hard to maintain
Tasks are not idempotent
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Sshoogr
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Sshoogr features
Groovy-based SSH DSL for:
Remote command execution
File uploading/downloading
Tunneling
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Why Groovy?
Groovy is perfect choice for scripting
Gradle build scripts are Groovy
Very mature, concise syntax
Extremely easy to produce DSL
We wrote a book about it!
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Shameless plug
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Sshoogr usage (import)
@Grab(
group='com.aestasit.infrastructure.sshoogr',
module='sshoogr',
version='0.9.16')
import static com.aestasit.ssh.DefaultSsh.*
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Sshoogr usage (defaults)
defaultUser = 'root'
defaultKeyFile = new File('secret.pem')
execOptions {
verbose = true
showCommand = true
}
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Sshoogr usage (connection)
remoteSession {
url = 'user2:654321@localhost:2222'
exec 'rm -rf /tmp/*'
exec 'touch /var/lock/my.pid'
remoteFile('/var/my.conf').text = "enabled=true"
}
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Sshoogr usage (multi-line content)
remoteFile('/etc/yum.repos.d/puppet.repo').text = '''
[puppet]
name=Puppet Labs Packages
baseurl=http://yum.puppetlabs.com/el/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=0
'''
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Sshoogr usage (file copying)
remoteSession {
scp {
from { localDir "$buildDir/application" }
into { remoteDir '/var/bea/domain/application' }
}
}
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Sshoogr usage (command result)
def result = exec(command: '/usr/bin/mycmd',
failOnError: false, showOutput: false)
if (result.exitStatus == 1) {
result.output.eachLine { line ->
if (line.contains('WARNING')) {
throw new RuntimeException("Warning!!!")
}
}
}
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Sshoogr usage (shortcuts)
if (ok('/usr/bin/mycmd')) {
...
}
if (fail('/usr/bin/othercmd')) {
...
}
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Sshoogr usage (tunnels)
tunnel('1.2.3.4', 8080) { int localPort ->
def url = "http://localhost:${localPort}/flushCache"
def result = new URL(url).text
if (result == 'OK') {
println "Cache is flushed!"
} else {
throw new RuntimeException(result)
}
}
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Sshoogr usage (prefix/suffix)
prefix('sudo ') {
exec 'rm -rf /var/log/abc.log'
exec 'service abc restart'
}
suffix(' >> output.log') {
exec 'yum -y install nginx'
exec 'yum -y install mc'
exec 'yum -y install links'
}
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Still problems
Complex scripts are still not easy to maintain
Scripts are usually not idempotent
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Puppet53
Why Puppet?
More mature than competition
Large community
Readable DSL
Good acceptance from DEVs and OPs
No need to learn Ruby ;)
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Puppet example
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Puppet provisioning
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Puppet provisioning
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Puppet provisioning
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Puppet provisioning
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Puppet state management
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Puppet state management
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Puppet state management
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Puppet modules
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Puppet modules
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Puppet modules
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Sshoogr +Gradle +Puppet
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Upload modules
task uploadModules << {
remoteSession {
exec 'rm -rf /tmp/repo.zip'
scp {
from { localFile "${buildDir}/repo.zip" }
into { remoteDir "/root" }
}
...
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Upload modules
...
exec 'rm -rf /etc/puppet/modules'
exec 'unzip /tmp/repo.zip -d /etc/puppet/modules'
}
}
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Apply manifests
task puppetApply(dependsOn: uploadModules) << {
remoteSession {
scp {
from { localFile "${buildDir}/setup.pp" }
into { remoteDir "/tmp" }
}
exec 'puppet apply /tmp/setup.pp'
}
}
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What we solved?
Separated infrastructure state description and operations tasks
Scripts became more maintainable and idempotent
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In the meanwhile...
We started developing complex/generic Puppet modules
Modules need proper testing
...on different platforms
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Do you test, right?
How to test this stuff?
How to reuse a JUnit approach to testing?
We wanted things to be SIMPLE!
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PUnit
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PUnit
Simple testing tool for verifying remote server state
Uses Sshoogr and JUnit
Reuse reporting features of JUnit
As simple as ...
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PUnit example (derby)
class DerbyInstallTest
extends BasePuppetIntegrationTest {
@Before
void installDerby() {
apply("include derby")
}
...
}
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PUnit example (derby)
@Test
void ensureDerbyRunning() {
command('service derby status > derbystatus.log')
assertTrue fileText("/root/derbystatus.log")
.contains('Derby')
assertTrue fileText("/root/derbystatus.log")
.contains('is running.')
}
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PUnit example (derby)
@Test
void ensureCanConnect() {
Thread.sleep(10000)
uploadScript()
command('/opt/derby/db-derby-10.9.1.0-bin/bin/ij ' +
'testDataScript.sql > derbytest.log')
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PUnit example (derby)
...
// Check if the log of the insert
// operation contains the word ERROR.
assertFalse(
"The script should return at least one error",
fileText("/root/derbytest.log")
.contains('ERROR')
)
...
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PUnit example (derby)
...
// Check on data that was inserted into a table.
assertTrue(
"The log should contain a SELECT result",
fileText("/root/derbytest.log")
.contains('Grand Ave.')
)
}
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PUnit example (jenkins)
session {
tunnel ('127.0.0.1', 8080) { int localPort ->
def driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(false)
driver.manage()
.timeouts()
.pageLoadTimeout(300, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
driver.get("http://127.0.0.1:${localPort}/login")
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PUnit example (jenkins)
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def input = driver.findElement(By.name('j_username'))
input.sendKeys('john')
input = driver.findElement(By.name('j_password'))
input.sendKeys('123456')
input.submit()
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PUnit example (jenkins)
...
def wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30)
wait.until ExpectedConditions.
presenceOfElementLocated (By.linkText('John Doe'))
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}
}
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PUnit example (svn)
session {
tunnel ('127.0.0.1', 80) { int localPort ->
// Initilize repository connection data.
DAVRepositoryFactory.setup()
def url = SVNURL.create('http', null, '127.0.0.1',
localPort, 'repos/cafebabe', true)
def repository = SVNRepositoryFactory.create(url)
println "Verifying SVN repository at ${url}"
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PUnit example (svn)
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// Setup credentials.
def authManager = SVNWCUtil.
createDefaultAuthenticationManager('joe', '123456')
repository.setAuthenticationManager(authManager)
// Verify repository is at revision 0.
assertEquals 0, repository.getLatestRevision()
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PUnit example (svn)
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// Commit first revision.
ISVNEditor editor = repository.
getCommitEditor("Initial commit.", null)
editor.with {
openRoot(-1)
addFile('dummy.txt', null, -1)
applyTextDelta('dummy.txt', null)
def deltaGenerator = new SVNDeltaGenerator()
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PUnit example (svn)
...
def checksum = deltaGenerator.sendDelta('dummy.txt',
new ByteArrayInputStream("data".getBytes()),
editor, true)
closeFile('dummy.txt', checksum)
def commitInfo = closeEdit()
println commitInfo
}
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PUnit example (svn)
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// Verify repository is at revision 1 now.
assertEquals 1, repository.getLatestRevision()
}
}
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Continuous integration
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Why Jenkins?
De-facto standard
Stable
There is a plugin for that!
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Jenkins build
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Nextproblem?
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Scalability
How do we test on different OS?
How do we run parallel tests on multiple architectures?
How do we avoid selling our houses?
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Amazon WebServices
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Elastic Compute Cloud
Mature
Great API
Virtual hardware variety
OS variety
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Gramazon
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Gramazon
Groovy-based API for interacting with EC2
Integration with Gradle
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Gramazon example I
task startInstance(type: StartInstance) {
keyName 'cloud-do'
securityGroup 'cloud-do'
instanceName 'gramazon/cloud-do'
stateFileName 'cloud-do.json'
ami 'ami-6f07e418'
instanceType 't1.micro'
waitForStart true
}
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Gramazon example II
task terminateInstance(type: TerminateInstance) {
stateFileName 'cloud-do.json'
}
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The flow
Start instance(s)
Upload manifests
Run tests
Generate report
Terminate instance(s)
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Next issue?100
Imgr
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Imgr
A tool for building images
Inspired by Packer
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Supports
Shell
Puppet
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Configuration example
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Summary105
Images, manifests, tasks
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The big picture
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Aetomation
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Conclusions
Reuse your existing Java knowledge
...to build a bridge between DEVs and OPs
Reuse development best practices for OPs
Don't be afraid to try new technologies
Automate!
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Next steps?
Create more documentation and examples
Add more DSL convience methods
Extend integration with Gradle
Add Windows connectivity/scripting support
Define richer model for EC2 and potentially other clouds
Extend support for other provisioning tools
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Readingmaterial
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The Phoenix Project
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Continuous Delivery
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Release It
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Programming Amazon EC2
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Gradle in Action
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Groovy 2 Cookbook
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Technologies to follow
Vagrant - http://www.vagrantup.com/
Docker - https://www.docker.io/
Packer - http://www.packer.io/
Qemu - http://wiki.qemu.org/
jclouds - http://jclouds.apache.org/
Cloudbees - http://www.cloudbees.com/
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One morething...
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It's all OpenSource!
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Source code
Sshoogr: https://github.com/aestasit/sshoogr
Sshoogr Gradle: https://github.com/aestasit/sshoogr-gradle
PUnit: https://github.com/aestasit/puppet-unit
Gramazon: https://github.com/aestasit/gramazon
Imgr: https://github.com/aestasit/imgr
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Seekingcontributors!
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Questions?123
Thank you!
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