38
1
1
2
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
Gross Domestic Product 6
77
77
7
64
7
77
2 83
2
87
1 9
50
93
5
86
2
86
3
85
1
78
9
75
4
2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
GDP (billion USD)
9,6
56
10
,93
1
8,9
80
10
,56
0
11
,20
5
11
,58
8
12
,48
0
12
,11
2
11
,01
9
10
,88
3
10
,60
2
9,6
32
9,1
27
2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Per capita GDP (USD)
3
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
Economic Growth 5
.0
0.9
-4.7
8.5
11
.1
4.8
8.5
5.2
6.1
3.2
7.5
2.8
0.9
2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Annual Real GDP Growth (%)
-12
-7
-2
3
8
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Contributions to Growth (2009=100 chain linked volume index % points)
Stock Change Net ExportsInvestment ConsumptionGDP
4
Leading Indicators
7.6*
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Q12013
Q12014
Q12015
Q12016
Q12017
Q12018
Q12019
Q12020
Calendar Adjusted Industrial Production
(yoy, % change)
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 18 Mar 19 Mar 20
Confidence Indices
Real sector confidence index
Economic confidence index
Consumer confidence index
5 (*) As of January-February period. Source: Datastream, Turkstat
8.9 9.2
12.0 11.9
10.0
8.5 8.8 9.1
10.3 10.2
12.0
9.9
12.8
13.0
12.6
45 44 45 47 47 47 49 49 51 52 52 53 53 52 52
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Labor Market Indicators* (%)
Unemployment
Labor Participation Rate
(*) Seasonally adjusted figures. Latest figure as of January 2020. Source: Datastream, Turkstat
Labor Market
6
20 20 20 21 23 23
24 25 26 27 27
29 28 28 28
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Employment* (million persons)
Source: Turkstat, Ministry of Treasury and Finance
Fiscal Discipline
32.7 31.4
28.8 27.6 28.3 28.3
30.4 33.1
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
General Government Debt Stock (% GDP)
Maastricht criterion: 60%
7
1.9
1.0 1.1
1.0 1.1
1.5
2.0
2.9
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Budget Deficit (% GDP)
Maastricht criterion: 3%
Exports
8
86
10
7
13
2
10
2 11
4
13
5 1
52
15
2
15
8
14
4
14
3 15
7
16
8 18
1
18
2
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020*
Exports (billion USD)
3.7
3.8
3.8
4.1
4.6
5.1
5.3
5.4
9.8
14.8
Articles of iron and steel
Plastic and articles
Non knitted andcrocheted goods
Precious stones
Mineral fuels and oils
Knitted and crochetedgoods
Iron and steel
Electrical machineryand equipment
Boilers and machineries
Motor vehicles
Exports* (% of total)
(*) As of February 2020 12-month cumulative
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
(*) As of February 2020 12-month cumulative
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
Exports
2007 % of
total
1. Germany
2. UK
3. Italy
4. France
5. Russia
6. Spain
7. US
8. Romania
9. UAE
10. Netherlands
11.2
8.0
7.0
5.6
4.4
4.3
3.9
3.4
3.0
2.8
The share of first 10 53.6
2020* % of
total
1. Germany
2. UK
3. Iraq
4. Italy
5. US
6. France
7. Spain
8. Netherlands
9. Israel
10. Russia
9.2
6.1
5.8
5.3
5.0
4.4
4.4
3.2
2.5
2.4
The share of first 10 48.3
Top 10 Export Markets
56.3
45.6
13.2
17.7
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020*
Exports (% of total)
EU
Near and Middle East
9
Imports 1
40
17
0
20
2
14
1
18
6
24
1
23
7
25
2
24
2
20
7
19
9
23
4
22
3
21
0
21
5
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020*
Imports (billion USD)
2.1
2.3
2.8
4.9
5.5
7.0
7.2
7.3
10.5
19.4
Optical products
Pharmaceuticalproducts
Organic chemicals
Motor vehicles
Plastic and articles
Precious Stones
Iron and steel
Electrical machineryand equipment
Boilers and machineries
Mineral fuels and oils
Imports* (% of total)
10 (*) As of February 2020 12-month cumulative
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
Imports
2007 % of total
1. Russia
2. Germany
3. China
4. Italy
5. US
6. France
7. Iran
8. UK
9. Switzerland
10. Ukraine
13.8
10.3
7.8
5.7
4.8
4.6
3.9
3.2
3.1
2.7
The share of first 10 59.9
2020* % of
total
1. Russia
2. China
3. Germany
4. US
5. Italy
6. France
7. India
8. UK
9. South Korea
10. Spain
11.0
9.2
9.1
5.8
4.4
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.1
The share of first 10 53.3
Top 10 Import Markets
15.9
72.7
11.0
2007
Capital Goods
Intermediate Goods
Consumption Goods
12.4
77.2
10.2
2020*
Composition of Imports (%)
11 (*) As of February 2020 12-month cumulative
Source: Datastream, Turkstat
(*) As of February 2020 12-month cumulative
Source: CBRT, Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Tourism
17 19
23 23 23
25 25
28 30
27
19
22
25
30 30*
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Tourism Revenues (USD bn)
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.5
2.0
2.1
2.6
2.7
5.1
7.0
Azerbaijan
Netherlands
Iraq
Ukraine
Georgia
Iran
UK
Bulgaria
Germany
Russia
The Number of Tourists (million persons)
2020*
2019
2018
Number of Tourists
2017: 32.4 mn
2018: 39.5 mn
2019: 45.1 mn
2020:44.2 mn
12
Source: Turkstat, New Economic Program (2020-2022)
Savings & Investments
1.7
5.7
8.8
5.5 6.6
4.6 3.6 3.8
5.6
3.4
-0.2
1.1 0.7
-0.1
21 21 22 23 23
24 25 25 25 26 27 27
29 31
23
27
31
28 30 29 28 28
31 30
27 28
29 31
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Investments and Savings (% of GDP)
Saving Gap
Savings
Investments
New Economic Program
Forecasts
13
(*) Long term capital movements are sum of banking and real sectors’ long term net credit and bonds issued by banks and the Treasury
(**) Short-term capital movements are sum of banking and real sectors' short term net credits and deposits in banks.
Source: CBRT, Turkstat
Current Account Balance
-5.7 -5.5 -5.1
-1.8
-5.8
-8.9
-5.5 -5.9
-4.2
-3.2 -3.1
-4.8
-2.6
1.1
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Financing of CAD (12-month cumulative, billion USD)
Foreign Direct and Long Term Investments*
Portfolio and Short Term Investments**
Current Account Deficit
14
Source: CBRT
Capital Flows
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Feb 17 Aug 17 Feb 18 Aug 18 Feb 19 Aug 19 Feb 20
Portfolio Inflows (12-month cumulative, billion USD)
Debt Securities
Equity Securities
15
0
4
8
12
16
20
Feb 17 Aug 17 Feb 18 Aug 18 Feb 19 Aug 19 Feb 20B
inle
r
Foreign Direct Investment Inflows (12- month cumulative, billion USD)
(*) Latest figure as of March 2020
Source: CBRT, Datastream
Monetary Policy
11.86
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Annual CPI Inflation* (%)
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
Jan 19 Apr 19 Jul 19 Oct 19 Jan 20 Apr 20
Interest Rates (%)
Interest Rate Corridor
One Week Repo Rate
Late Liquidity Window
CBRT Weighted Average Cost of Funding
16
(*) Latest figure as of April 21
Source: Datastream
Financial Markets
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
Jan 19 Apr 19 Jul 19 Oct 19 Jan 20 Apr 20
USD vs Local Currencies (Dec. 31, 2018 = 100)
Turkey Brazil
Russia Indonesia
South Africa
60
80
100
120
140
160
Jan 19 Apr 19 Jul 19 Oct 19 Jan 20 Apr 20
Equity Indices (Dec. 31, 2018 = 100)
Turkey
Brazil
Russia
Indonesia
South Africa
no
min
al d
ep
recia
tio
n in
lo
ca
l cu
rre
ncy
17
(*) Latest figure as of April 21 Source: Datastream
Financial Markets
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Jan 19 Apr 19 Jul 19 Oct 19 Jan 20 Apr 20
5Y CDS Spreads (bps)
Turkey Brazil
Russia Indonesia
South Africa
18
0
5
10
15
20
25
Jan 19 Apr 19 Jul 19 Oct 19 Jan 20 Apr 20
5Y Government Bond Yields (%)
Turkey Brazil
Russia Indonesia
South Africa
19
(*) Excluding the banks under the administration of the SDIF
Source: BRSA
Basic Indicators
8 10
15
28
25
13
2004 Feb 2020
Number of Banks*
Public
Foreign
Domestic Private
51 48
58
33
3
26
38 41
2004 Feb 2020
Share in Total Assets (%)
Public
Foreign
Domestic Private
20
Source: BRSA
Basic Indicators 6
,17
7
6,5
21
7,2
56
8,0
71
9,2
50
9,5
26
10
,00
0
10
,44
0
10
,98
1
11
,90
3
12
,12
5
12
,18
5
11
,66
4
11
,50
8
11
,49
3
11
,30
0
11
,28
7
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Feb2020
Number of Domestic Branches
12
7,3
91
13
8,1
69
15
0,4
62
16
7,2
12
18
2,1
00
18
3,6
14
19
0,5
86
19
4,6
17
20
0,7
45
21
3,4
31
21
6,0
63
21
6,7
22
21
0,1
12
20
7,5
32
20
6,9
74
20
3,8
39
20
3,4
24
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Feb2020
Number of Domestic Staff
21
Source: BRSA, Turkstat
Basic Indicators
23 17 17
12 13 0 16
20
13 15 13 14 12 19 20
15
50
57
40
30 29
7
34 30
16
32
19 20 17 21
14 11
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Nominal GDP Growth (%)
Loan Growth (%)
228
760
2004 Feb 2020
Assets (bn USD)
X3.3
74
447
2004 Feb 2020
Loans (bn USD)
X6.0
143
434
2004 Feb 2020
Deposits (bn USD)
X3.0
34
82
2004 Feb 2020
Equity (bn USD)
X2.4
22
Source: BRSA
Balance Sheet Items
32
59
40
15
15 15
12 11
2004 Feb 2020
Asset Composition (%)
Other Assets
Cash+Banks
Securities
Loans
62 57
11 12
0 4
15 11
11 16
2004 Feb 2020
Liability Composition (%)
Other Liabilities
Shareholder's Equity
Securities Issued
Banks
Deposits
23
Latest figure as of April 10, 2020
Source: BRSA
Deposits
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Deposit Volume (annual % change)
TL Deposits
FX Deposits in USD Terms
Total Deposits (exchange rate adjusted)
48.6
40
45
50
55
60
65
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Share of TL Deposits in Total (%)
24
Latest figure as of April 10, 2020
Source: BRSA
Loans
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Loan Volume (annual % change)
TL Loans
FX Loans in USD Terms
Total Loans (exchange rate adjusted)
61.9
55
59
63
67
71
75
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Share of TL Loans in Total (%)
25
(*) As of 2018 H1.
Source: BRSA, EBA
Non-Performing Loans 6
.0
4.7
3.7
3.5
3.7
5.3
3.7
2.7
2.9
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.9
5.4
5.2
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Feb
2020
Non-performing Loan Ratio (%)
0.5 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.7 3.9 4.9 5.2 5.8 6.0 6.8 8.0 8.3
10.1 34.1
41.2
SwedenLuxembourg
GermanyUK
NorwayFinland
NetherlandsDenmarkBelgiumFranceAustriaLatviaMalta
EU AverageSpain
TurkeyPoland
RomaniaIreland
HungarySloveniaBulgaria
ItalyPortugal
S. Cyprus*Greece
NPL Ratio (%, 2018)
26
Source: BRSA
Loans by Sectors
0.2
0.3
8.6
5.0
2.9
5.8
6.4
9.4
7.2
5.0
1.9
2.4
3.5
3.9
5.8
5.9
7.4
8.6
12.0
20.1
Defense and Public Administration
Financial Intermediation
Tourism
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
Transportation, Storage and Communication
Real Estate Brokerage, Renting and Business Act.
Electricity, Gas and Water Resources
Construction
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Manufacturing industry
Loans by Main Industry Groups
Share (%)
NPL (%)
27
Source: CBRT
Net FX Position of NFCs
10.5 10.2 -3.6 -0.7 -5.6 -0.1 5.8 2.2 7.7 1.3
5.6 6.4
-77 -98
-114 -135
-167 -180 -194 -206
-219 -208 -185 -182 -66
-88
-118
-136
-173 -180
-189 -204
-211 -207
-179 -175
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Jan 2020
Net FX Position of the Non-Financial Sector (bn USD)
Long Term Net FX Position
Short Term Net FX Position
Net FX Position
28
Source: CBRT
FX Assets & Liabilities of NFCs
50 82 102 122 155 172 174 178 183 171 153 150 81 76
77 81
82 81 85 93 102 104 100 99
15 18
20 22
30 30 30 33 42 45
51 51
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Jan 2020
FX Liabilities of NFCs (bn USD)
Import Payables
External Loans
Domestic Loans
57 62 55 61 64 67 69 68 78 75 84 85
9 11 11 12 13 13 12 13 16 20
20 20
13 13 16 16 17 22 18 19 21 17
19 19
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Jan 2020
FX Assets of NFCs (bn USD)
Securities
Direct InvestmentAbroadExport Receivables
Deposits
29
(*) External debt maturing within 1 year or less regardless of the original maturity.
Source: CBRT
Short Term External Debt Stock
111
198 187
332
108 101
76 74 73
117 97
123 142 140
106
138
89 90
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Feb2020
12-month Long-Term Debt Roll Over Ratio
(%)
Banking Sector Non-banking Sector
February 2020 (*)
(bn USD) Share (%)
Central Bank 8.4 5.0
General Government 4.4 2.6
Banks 78.9 46.8
Credits 28.6 17.0
FX Deposits 21.1 12.5
Bank Accounts 13.7 8.1
Branches and Affiliates Abroad 5.6 3.3
TRY Deposits 15.5 9.2
Branches and Affiliates Abroad 8.4 5.0
Other Sectors 76.9 45.6
Trade Credits 54.4 32.3
Other Credits 22.5 13.3
Public 0.1 0.1
Private 22.3 13.3
Total 168.5 100.0
30
(*) Latest figure as of April 10, 2020
Source: BRSA
Non-Deposit Sources
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Net FX Position* (billion USD)
Net On Balance Off Balance
21.5
16.3
12.6
2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
External Borrowings of the Banks (outstanding amount, billion USD)
Eurobonds Syndication Loans Securitization Loans
Double Investment
Grade
(May 2013-Sep.2016)
31
Source: BRSA, EBA
Capital Adequacy Ratio
23.7
21.9
18.9 18.0
20.6
19.0
16.6
17.9
15.3
16.3 15.6
15.6
16.9
17.3 18.4
2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Capital Adequacy Ratio (%)
Legal Limit of 8%
Target Rate of 12%
15.0
15.3 15.5 15.9 16.1 16.5
17.3 17.6 17.6 17.9 18.2 18.5 18.6 19.0 19.1
19.7 19.9 20.0
21.2 21.3
22.0 22.4
PortugalSpain
HungaryGreece
ItalyS. Cyprus
TurkeySlovakia
PolandFranceAustria
SloveniaCzech Rep.EU Average
GermanyBelgium
MaltaBulgaria
LatviaCroatiaIreland
Netherlands
Capital Adequacy Ratio (%, 2018)
32
Source: The Bank Association of Turkey
Alternative Banking Channels
7,227
12,256
2011 Q1 2020 Q1
Internet Banking (number of active customers, thousand persons)
X1.7
230
52,481
2011 Q1 2020 Q1
Mobile Banking (number of active customers, thousand persons)
X228
33
Profitability
(*) Net interest income / average total assets
Source: BRSA
5.4%
4.3%
3.5%
4.1%
3.7% 3.5% 3.5%
3.6% 3.8%
3.9% 3.8%
2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
NIM*
36%
41%
44%
41% 43%
45% 46%
40% 38%
34% 36%
2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Cost / Income Ratio
34
Profitability
Source: BRSA
2.5%
1.7% 1.8%
1.6%
1.3%
1.2%
1.5% 1.6%
1.4%
1.2%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
ROAA
20.1%
15.5% 15.7%
14.2%
12.3% 11.3%
14.3%
15.9% 14.8%
11.5%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
ROAE
35
Stock Exchange Performance
Latest figure as of April 21
Source: Datastream
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Bin
ler
Stock Exchange Performance (thousands)
BIST-100 Index Banking Sector Index (right axis)
36
Banking Sector Comparison
Source: BRSA, Turkstat, ECB, Eurostat
63
66
74
83
87
87
87
96
98
10
1
10
5
10
5
10
4
10
5
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Banking Sector’s Assets in Turkey (% GDP)
272
163
38
159
105
62
5
60
Assets/GDP
Loans/GDP
Housing Loans/GDP
Deposits/GDP
Banking Sector’s Comparison with Euro Area
(%, 2019)
EA-19
Turkey
37
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