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Butuan Doctors College

Nursing DepartmentButuan City

Stomachdisorder

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StomachCancer

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Stomach cancer, also known asg astric cancer , is cancer that starts

in any part of the stomach.

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What causes stomachcancer?

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T he exact cause of stomachcancer is not known , although

there are many risk factors believedto contribute to cells in the stomachbecoming cancerous.

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What are the symptoms of stomach cancer?

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indigestion or heartburn (burningsensation)discomfort or pain in the abdomennausea and vomiting

diarrhea or constipationbloating after mealsLoss of appetiteweakness and fatigue

vomiting blood or blood in the sto ol

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T reatment for stomachcancer

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surgery

Surgery may be necessary to removecancerous tissue, as well as nearbynon-cancerous tissue. T he mostcommon operation is calledg astrectomy . If part of the stomachis removed, it is called a subtotal orpartial g astrectomy . If the entirestomach is removed, it is called atotal g astrectomy .

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radiation therapy R adiation therapy uses high-energyrays to kill or shrink cancer cells.

chemotherapy C hemotherapy uses anticancer drugs

to kill cancer cells.

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Gastroparesis

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What is g astroparesis?

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G astroparesis is a disorder thathappens when your stomach muscles dontwork properly. It is sometimes calleddelayed gastric emptying . Normally, after you swallow food, your stomach muscles

begin squeezing and tightening. (Thesemovements are called contractions.) Thiscrushes the food and moves it into the smallintestine to continue the digestive process. If you have gastroparesis, your stomachmuscles dont contract properly. This candelay or prevent the process of crushing the

food and sending it to the small intestine.

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What causesg astroparesis?

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The most common cause of gastroparesis is diabetes . People withdiabetes have high blood glucose, also

called blood sugar, which in turn causeschemical changes in nerves anddamages the blood vessels that carryoxygen and nutrients to the nerves. Over time, high blood glucose can damage thevagus nerve.

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What are the symptomsof g astroparesis?

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H eartburn or stomach painNauseaV omiting, especially vomiting pieces of undigested food

F eeling full after only a few bites of foodB loatingL ack of appetiteU nintended weight lossU nstable blood sugar levels (in people whohave diabetes)

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H ow is g astroparesistreated?

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There is no cure for gastroparesis.

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What Is WatermelonStomach?

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G astric antral vascular ectasia , alsocalled watermelon stomach , is a medicalcondition in which blood vessels in thestomach become dilated and present thepossibility of significant internal bleeding.The blood vessels create red streaks in and

on the stomach, similar to the streaks on awatermelon.

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What are the si g ns and

symptoms of WatermelonStomach?

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fatigue

headaches

difficulty concentrating and

rapid or irregular heart rates

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T reatment for watermelon

stomach

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using endoscopic techniques to

coagulate blood vessels, andperforming blood transfusions torestore healthy blood levels.

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G astritis

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What is g astritis?

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It is a diffuse or localizedinflammation of the gastric mucosa

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What causes g astritis?

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection

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What are the symptoms of g astritis?

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upper abdominal discomfort or painnauseavomitingblood in vomitblack, tarry stoolsred blood in the stool

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Medical Mana g ement

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Bland of liquid diet until painresolves

Antacids, histamine blockers,sucralfate

Fluid-electrolyte replacement

Vitamin B12 if perniciousanemia occurs

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M n trier disease

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W hat is Mntrier disease?

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Mntrier disease causes the ridges

along the inside of the stomach wallcalledrugaeto enlarge, forming giant folds in thelining of the stomach.

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W hat causes Mntrier disease?

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W hat causes Mntrier disease isunclear; however, it is thought to be anacquired disorder with no known geneticcomponent.

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W hat are the symptoms of

Mntrier disease?

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severe pain in the top middle part of the

abdomennausea and frequent vomitingswelling of the face, abdomen, limbs, and

feetloss of appetiteextreme weight lossmalnutrition

low blood proteinanemiadiarrhea

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H ow is Mntrier disease

treated?

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Treatment may include medications torelieve nausea and pain

A high-protein diet.

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P eptic ulcer

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W hat is peptic ulcer?

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A peptic ulcer , also known as PUDor peptic ulcer disease , is an ulcer of an

area of the gastrointestinal tract that isusually acidic and thus extremely painful.

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W hat cause peptic ulcer?

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Stress

diet

Helicobacter pylori.

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W hat are the signs andsymptoms of peptic ulcer?

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N ausea

Vomiting

Loss of appetite

Loss of weight

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W hat are the treatment of peptic ulcer?

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Treatment for peptic ulcerstypically involves antibiotics to kill theH. pylori bacterium