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Presented by:
Stacy Solsaa & Jill
Stephenson
Professional School
Counselors
GROUP COUNSELINGThe Basics
ADVANTAGES OF GROUP COUNSELING
More efficient – pull together several with same concerns – can be informal
Members keep fellow members honest, preventing them from manipulating as easily as they might during individual sessions
Group relationships are more realistic than individual relationships between counselor and students
Allows you to observe group interaction Peers may serve as a role model Students become aware that they are not alone Students have chance to practice skills with
peers
CHANGES IN ETHICAL CODE
Professional school counselors:a. Screen prospective group members and
maintain an awareness of participants’ needs, appropriate fit and personal goals in relation to the group’s intention and focus. The school counselor takes reasonable precautions to protect members from physical & psychological harm resulting from interaction within the group.
b. Recognize that best practice is to notify the parents/guardians of children participating in small groups. (In the past it was if counselor deemed appropriate & consistent with policy.)
CHANGES IN ETHICAL CODE CONTINUED
c. Establish clear expectations in the group setting, and clearly state that confidentiality in group counseling cannot be guaranteed. Given the developmental and chronological ages of minors in schools, recognize the tenuous nature of confidentiality for minors renders some topics inappropriate for group work in a school setting.
d. Provide necessary follow up with group members, and document proceedings as appropriate.
CHANGES TO ETHICAL CODE CONTINUED
e. Develop professional competencies, and maintain appropriate education, training and supervision in group facilitation and any topics specific to the group.
f. Facilitate group work that is brief and solution-focused, working with a variety of academic, career, college and personal/social issues.
(per Dr. Stone – not therapeutic)
CONSENT AND POLICIES FOR GROUPS
Using a consent form Special groups offered to a special group of
students Summer or after-school groups
Using a letter Small groups that are part of the comprehensive
school counseling program.
Using your school policies Groups that all students participate in.
GROUP SELECTION
Group selection can help you avoid problem group members and difficult dynamics
Methods of groups selection could include surveys, questionnaires or input from teachers
Decide characteristics of those who would be suited for group prior to reviewing students for the group
The purpose of the group often can help when considering participants
Some groups may not require group selection, depending on the purpose
Group ChartObjectives Opening Activity Topics
Activity Processing
Closure Affirmations
Comments
Self-Disclosure
Feelings
Target concerns
Feedback/Evaluation
STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT
EVALUATING GROUP COUNSELING
Self-rating: scale of 1-10; thumbs up/down Useful as a check in or throughout group
Informal use of open ended sentences – “I liked, I learned, a suggestion I have is…, I wish…”
Self- monitoring of successfully meeting goals• Staying calm, fewer disagreements with friends,
etc. Observations of target behavior by teachers
or you Pre-test/post test Monitoring of student or school kept records –
Grades, attendance, study time, etc.
GROUPS RUN IN SCHOOLResources and Sharing
ELEMENTARY GROUPS
Social Skills Focus on developing social skills kids need to
succeed in school Teacher Requests
Target special needs of a group of students Friendship
Focus on the qualities of a good friend After-School Groups
Generally voluntary and can focus on many things
MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL GROUPS
Relationship Groups (Girls/Boys Groups) Focus on friendship challenges of junior high Focus is on developing and maintaining healthy
relationships Transition Groups
Focus on transitioning from Elem to middle school and from middle to high school
MORE IDEAS FOR GROUPS
Support Groups Could be held on a variety of topics Could use as a way to touch base with students
struggling in school Study Groups
Could be offered by a group such as NHS, a way for students to help other students
Attendance Groups Addresses attendance issues
At Risk Groups Groups to target the needs of at risk students
ODDS & ENDS
Doing self-reflection outside of group using books and journals
• Used in HS anger management Self-advocacy skills and self-understanding
for students on an IEP• ADHD students – look at brain scan• Learning disabilities – talking with teachers
Friendship groups for special needs• Deaf students with friends• Autistic student with selected participants
Multi Use Activities
M & M’S
• People would be surprised that I..
• I’m envious when…• I usually am…• I dream about…• I get angry when…• I enjoy …
negative
positive
positive
negative
positive
positive
negative
CLOSINGMore Resources and Discussion
WHERE TO FIND THIS INFO
http://sdschoolcounselor.wikispaces.com/Group_Counseling
BOOKS AND CURRICULUM http://rosalindwiseman.com/publications/own
ing-up-curriculum/ www.juliavtaylor.com GIRLS (Girls in Real Life Situations) Julia
Taylor and Shannon Tracie-Black Salvaging Sisterhood: Julia Taylor Studing, Test Taking and Getting Good
Grades: Susanna Palomares and Dianne Schilling
Boundaries: Val J. Peter & Tom Dowd The You and Me Workbook: Lisa M. Schab A Bad Case of Tattle Tongue: Julia Cook Sorry: Trudy Ludwig
More resources
Great Group Games: 175 Boredom-Busting, Zero- Prep Team Builder for All Ages
Susan Ragsdale & Ann Saylor, 2007, Search Games (& other stuff) for Group
Chris Caver & Friends, 1998, Wood N Barnes Skills for Living: Group Counseling Activities for
Young Adolescents Rosemarie Morganett, 1990, Research Press
Mad: How to Deal with Your Anger and Get Respect James Crist, PhD., 2008, Free Spirit
Putting on the Breaks Activity Book for Young People with ADHD
Quinn, Stern & Lee, 1993 The Behavior Survival Guide for Kids (for EB
students, easy reader version available) Thomas McIntyre, PhD
QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION
Issues Scheduling Resistance The problem group member