GSM BASED PREPAID ELECTRICITY METER

PRESENTED BY:

1. AVIK KR. KUNDU (ROLL NO.-14)

2. ARINDAM KANODIA(ROLL NO.-10)

3. ARKO DAS(ROLL NO.-12)

4. PRITAM SAMANTA(ROLL NO.-36)

INTRODUCTION ISSUES WITH STAND ALONE ELECTRIC

METER. COMMON FEATURES OF PREPAID ELECTRIC

METER. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. COMPONENTS OF PREPAID ELECTRIC

METER. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM. MEASURES AGAINST ELECTRICITY THEFT ADVANTAGES AND DIS-ADVANTAGES FUTURE SCOPE

ISSUES WITH STAND ALONE METERING SYSTEM REQUIRES HUGE MAN POWER.

BILLING PROCESS REQUIRES EXCESSIVE TIME.

VERY LITTLE OR NO PREVENTION FOR THE TAMPERING OF SUPPLY LINES

DUE TO POSTPAID BILLING SYSTEM, A LARGE NUMBER OF STATES ARE NOT EVEN ABLE TO RECOVER 90% OF THE ENERGY BILLED BY THEM.

GRAPH OF COLLECTION EFFICIENCY BY DIFFERENT STATES

COMMON FEATURES OF PRE-PAID METERS

1. RECHARGE2. CONNECT-DISCONNECT3. IN HOUSE DISPLAY UNIT4. COST EFFECTIVE5 .TARIFF REVISION6. EXTRA CREDIT LIMIT

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

COMPONENTS OF PREPAID METER

1. AT89S52 2. 16*2 LCD3. ULN2003 4. AT2402 5. DIGITAL ENERGY METER6. RELAY 7. BUZZER8. GSM MODEM

AT89S52FEATURES:

A. IT BELONGS TO ATMEGA FAMILY OF MICROCONTROLLERS.

B. 8K FLASH MEMORY ROM AND 256K RAM.C. IT HAS 40 PINS.D. ONLY PIN NO'S 12,31,40,34-39,22,21,25,28 ARE USED

FOR OUR PURPOSE.E. 4.0V TO 5.5V OPERATING VOLTAGE RANGEF. IT OPERATES AT 33KHZ FREQUENCY.G. 32 I/O LINES.

PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S52

16*2 LCDFEATURES:

A. 16*2 LCD DISPLAY HAS TWO ROW SCREEN AND EACH ROW DISPLAYS 16 DIGIT AT A TIME.

B. IT CONSISTS OF SEVEN INDEPENDENT DARLINGTON CONNECTION.

ULN2003FEATURES:

A. IT CONSISTS OF SEVEN INDEPENDENT DARLINGTON CONNECTION.

B. IT IS USED TO RUN A HIGH VOLTAGE/CURRENT PERIPHERAL CIRCUITS.

C. WHEN INPUT TERMINAL IS HIGH IT OFFERS LOW IMPEDANCE PATH OTHER WISE IT OFFERS A HIGH IMPEDANCE

D. IT ACTS AS A CURRENT AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT.

ULN2003INTERNAL VIEW WORKING

AT24C02FEATURES:

A. CHIP IS USED TO READ DATA FROM EEPROM THROUGH CARD READER.

B. STANDARD VOLTAGE OPERATION VCC 2.7-5.5V

C. SELF-TIMED WRITE CYCLE(5MS MAX)

D. BI DIRECTIONAL DATA TRANSFER PROTOCOL

E. ALL THE DATA ARE TRANSMITTED SERIALLY IN 8 BIT WORDS.

PIN DIAGRAM OF AT24C02

DIGITAL ENERGY METERPARTS:

A. ADE7757.B. 7805 (VOLTAGE REGULATOR)C. MCT2E (OPTO COUPLER)

A. ADE7757(MICRO-CONTROLLER)

FEATURES:

A. On-Chip Oscillator as Clock Source.B. . On-Chip Creep Protection (No Load Threshold)C. On-Chip SUPPLY MONITORINGD. AC Input Only

B.7805(VOLTAGE REGULATOR)CIRCUIT AND PIN DIAGRAM

C.MCT2E(OPTO COUPLER)

RELAY CONTROL UNIT

GSM MODEMFEATURES:

A. DUAL BAND OR TRIBAND GSM GPRS MODEM (EGSM 900/1800MHZ) / (EGSM 900/1800 / 1900 MHZ )

B. INTERFACES VIA RS-232 THROUGH D-TYPE 9 PIN CONNECTOR.

C. POWER SUPPLY THROUGH MOLEX 4 PIN CONNECTOR

D. SMA ANTENNA CONNECTOR

GSM MODEM CONSTRUCTION

GSM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF PREPAID ELECTRICITY METER

SERVER’S END CONNECTION FLOWCHART:

CUSTOMER’S END CONNECTION FLOWCHART:

MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRICITY THEFT

A. PROTECTION AGAINST SHORTING THE PHASE LINE AND DISCONNECTING THE NEUTRAL LINE .

B. PROTECTION AGAINST WHOLE METER BYPASSING .

C. CONTROL OF ELECTRICITY THEFT USING OBSERVER METER .

D. PROTECTION AGAINST TAMPERING .

ADVANTAGES OF PREPAID METER

A. NO DEPOSITB. NO ID OR CREDIT CHECKC. NO TERMINATION FEES; NO LATE FEESD. MULTIPLE PAYMENT OPTIONSE. LOW MONTHLY RATESF. LOW KWH RATEG. CUSTOMER HAS A VERY GOOD IDEA OF HOW MUCH MONTHLY BILLS WILL BE GOING FORWARD

DISADVANTAGES OF PREPAID METERA. THEY CAN BE INCONVENIENT BECAUSE YOU HAVE TO GO OUT TO A SERVICE CENTER TO PURCHASE A TOKEN.

B. WITH THE PREPAID, YOUR ELECTRICITY IS DISCONNECTED AS SOON AS YOUR UNITS GET FINISHED WHILE WITH THE POST-PAID SYSTEM, YOU CAN PAY YOUR BILLS IN BITS WITHOUT BEING DISCONNECTED

C. IF YOU CAN’T REACH A SHOP TO TOP UP YOUR METER YOUR ELECTRICITY WILL BE OFF UNTIL YOU GET ACCESS TO A SERVICE CENTER.

APPLICATIONSA. Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. – Gujarat .B. Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd.

(MSEDCL) – Maharashtra .C. West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd. –

West Bengal .D. New Delhi power limited-New Delhi.

FUTURE SCOPE

Though converting existing post paid electricity users to prepaid has proven more difficult, it is much easier to implement Prepaid Electricity in new green field projects such as new real estate developments, townships, industrial / commercial areas & non electrified areas. Often Utilities work with regulators & governments to obtain support for prepaid deployments, as it can involve disconnection of services on reaching zero balance

CONCLUSION

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