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GSSD Expo 2013

Ole Reinholdt NielsenNairobi, 29 October 2013

Cooperation between China and West Asia in residential air conditioning

sector

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• Background• West Asia project• Additional SS opportunities

Outline

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USA: 185 billion kWh for A/C (US Energy Information Administration);

Rapidly growing sector;

Unsaturated market in developing countries (in particular India);

Most common refrigerant: HCFC-22.

Background – Air Conditioning

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HCFC phase-out (developing countries)

Background – Montreal Protocol

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Dual practiced scope: Phasing out Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS); and Minimizing climate impact.

Background – Montreal Protocol

Technology Comments Safety group

HFC-410, 407C GWP ≈ 2,000 A1

HFC/HFO blends (drop-in: No ICC) GWP ≈ 1,000 A1

HFC-32 GWP = 675 A2L

HFC/HFO blends GWP: 150-300 A2L

R-290, 1270 and HC blends GWP: 3-10 A3

Other (CO2, NH3, non-VC) GWP = 0 A1, B2

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A/C sector plan approved in 2011 by MLF (completion: 2015);

75 M$ to eliminate 10% HCFC consumption: 18 production lines to

be converted to R-290; 5 compressor lines

converted to R-290; Annual output with R-

290 A/C’s: app. 6.5 million;

Substantial R&D in flammable refrigerants.

Background - China

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Characterized as high ambient countries;

Account for app. 15% of global A/C market; and proper technologies are needed to ensure a sustainable A/C landscape as well as compliance with MP;

Energy efficiency standards for buildings and products being introduced.

West Asia situation

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West Asia situation

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7060%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

COP

COP - R-32 COP - R-290 COP - R-410 COP - R-407C

Condensing temperature [deg. C]

Re

lati

ve

CO

P

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West Asia project – PRAHA Promoting Low-GWP Refrigerants for the Air Conditioning

Sector in High Ambient Countries (PRAHA) – approved by MLF 2013 (400 k$);

Joint UNEP/UNIDO project; Main purpose: To assess air-conditioning technologies and

their applicability in high ambient temperatures and to find suitable, energy efficient and low-GWP alternatives for these conditions, that is currently a challenge;

Assessment through prototyping and independent testing; Involving all manufacturer in the region.

High Ambient Matrix Window

Decorative split Ducted Packaged

HFC-32 No Yes Yes NoHFC/HFO blends Yes Yes Yes YesR-290 No Yes No Yes

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Through experience with R-290, Chinese manufacturers are participating as technology providers in this initiative;

Assistance comprise (so far): Presentations at regional symposiums on low-GWP

alternatives; Technical assistance in R-290 technology; Supply of R-290 compressors for prototyping; Study tour to Chinese manufacturer for West Asian

manufacturer (Oct. 30 and onwards).

Completion of project: End 2014.

West Asia project – PRAHA

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Other UNIDO SS opportunities

Due to uncontrolled use of R-290 (drop-in) in especially Africa and Central America: UNIDO has ordered a number of real R-290 training units for

some African countries to ensure proper awareness and training on flammable refrigerants;

This will be followed by larger scale training of technicians; This initiative will be extended first to Latin American

countries and then globally.

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Huge export opportunity to developing countries – in particular India

Promote low-GWP alternatives, since all global initiatives are focusing on the phase-down of HFC’s and financial penalties are already in place in many export markets;

Focus on export markets, like India where tens of thousands of R-290 products have already been sold.

Export of components and/or equipment kits based on new technology, since there are no compressors and condenser coils available locally in most of these countries.

Other UNIDO SS opportunities

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Thank you for your attention

Contact

Ole Reinholdt NielsenUnit Chief, Refrigeration and Aerosols UnitUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDOMontreal Protocol Branch P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, AustriaTel: +43 1 26026 3036 (direct)Fax: +43 1 26026 6804E-mail: O.Nielsen@unido.org URL: www.unido.org