Guide Book SLR 2014

MGEI – IAGI ANNUAL CONVENTION, PALEMBANG 15 – 18 Nov 2014

SUNDALAND RESOURCES 2014

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WELCOME Dear Colleagues, It is an honour for MGEI to organize and welcome you to the international event such as the Sundaland Resources Palembang 2014 (SLR 2014) where most of the instigators of economic geology in Indonesia and surrounding countries gathered to share knowledge, experience, update the activities in exploration, development, technology including introduction to new concepts and ideas of metallic mineral and coal including CBM deposits that are accommodated in the Sundaland region from laboratory, hand specimen, prospect and project scale to regional.

This event is one of a series of annual events of MGEI that this time we are trying to expand the coverage of a wider area which includes countries such as Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and surrounding region. Series of this event consists of three sessions; pre-convention workshop, seminar and field trip to Martabe Gold Mine. We believe that we have invited the best experts in the field where they will share their rich and extensive knowledge and experience with us; all that we believe will deliver and bring enormous benefits to the world of economic geology in Indonesia and the surrounding region. On behalf of the committee I would like to thank all those who have made and supported this event happens such as those generous sponsors, presenters, exhibitors, participants, host of the Field Trip and others who have facilitated.

Enjoy the SLR 2014!

Your sincerely, Indonesian Society of Economic Geologists/ MGEI STJ. Budi Santoso, MSc Chairman of the SLR Organizing Committee



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MGEI

It is with great pleasure that I welcome you on behalf of the Board of Masyarakat Geologi Ekonomi Indonesia/Society of Economic Geologists (MGEI) to the sixth Annual MGEI Convention in Palembang, which themed “Sundaland Resources”, and present to you the proceedings of this event. From its humble beginnings six years ago the convention has grown into a truly international gathering bringing together over 150 participants from more than 10 countries. While in the past papers presented at the convention dealt exclusively with the Indonesian region, this year they also include a number of contributions from other countries in Southeast Asia. We hope that this collection of papers will lead to a better understanding of the setting and controls of ore and coal deposits in Sundaland.

We also hope that the two day workshop on coal and copper-gold, including geometallurgy, that preceded the convention has been beneficial to its participants, and for those who will join the post-convention excursion to Martabe we wish you a very pleasant and instructive trip to this exciting project.

We warmly thank all authors and reviewers, and the editorial board for their invaluable contributions. We also thank our industry sponsors who made publication of the proceedings possible. We furthermore acknowledge and thank management of the companies who allowed sharing of knowledge of their projects. We are particularly grateful to the Organizing Committee whose hard work and dedication have played a major part in making this convention a success.

We look forward to meeting you again at the 7th MGEI conference in 2015!

Bronto Sutopo, PhD 2012-2014 MGEI Chairman



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IAGI

Dear SLR Participants and MGEI Members,

It is very proudly that the Indonesian Society of Geologists (MGEI) could organize this Sundaland Resources (SLR) event as part of the 2014 Annual Convention. We all notice that this is the first international seminar event held by MGEI involving topics and presenters from other countries in particular in Southeast Asia region. Sundaland is no doubtfully a region where earth resources emplaced including gold, copper, tin, bauxite, coal, and rare earth elements, and for sure this event will come out with very good update on the development of earth resource science and industry in the region.

Herewith, I would like to congratulate MGEI and the SLR Committee for organizing this event. This should be the best event organized by one of the sister organizations of the Indonesian Association of Geologists (IAGI), and expectedly will be the pioneer and trigger for the other sister organizations under IAGI to be active.

We are expecting that everybody will get enlightment from this event including new information/ update on economic geology, new business partners, new friends, and new experiences in Palembang, Indonesia.

Have a good and beneficial event of SLR 2014 in Palembang, Indonesia.

Kind regards,

Indonesian Association of Geologists (IAGI)

Sukmandaru Prihatmoko, Ir., MSc Chairman



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CONTENTS

Welcome …

Contents …

Background …

Objective …

Theme …

Programs …

Rundown of Gold Workshop …

Rundown of Coal Workshop …

Rundown of Sundaland Resources Seminar …

Field Trip Itinerary …

Participants …

Organizing Committee …

Sponsors …

Company Profile …

Abstract of Student Poster Contest …

Map of Palembang …

Layout of Novotel Hotel …

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BACKGROUND Principal tectonic features of the SE Asian starting Mesozoic are well knowingly outlined by terminology of Sundaland. It was introduced by Hamilton 1979 and suggested by later researcher to have grown in the Cretaceous even up to Early Miocene by collision in Borneo and east Indonesia. There has been some new concept and confirmation of old concept in regard with prospectivity, discoveries and mining techniques applied in recent time in the region. The mineral commodities explored for and mined up comprising gold, copper, silver, tin, lead, zinc, rare earth elements and coal as well as CBM in the recent years. Comprehensive documentation of the region prospectivity through the exploration, mining practices and sharing recent knowledge and technology among technical experts, exploration and mining companies, Indonesian and other countries' government agencies, university, and other stakeholders are essential in order to identify, optimally develop and utilize the natural (mining) resources for the benefit of the nations in particular and human beings in general. The seminar on the Sundaland Resources so called the SLR 2014; organized by MGEI is part of the implementation of MGEI vision and mission, i.e. committed to: (1) fostering professionalism of Indonesian economic geologists, (2) actively playing a role in improving the quality of economic geology education, and (3) promoting best mining practices in Indonesia. There has been a series of successful mineral and coal seminar covering metallogeny belt in the country organized by MGEI and held since 2009 that was mainly restricted covering certain metallogeny belt in the country but The SLR 2014 is intended to update and broader the spectrum beyond the country by framing the covered region under the 'Sundaland' which is referring to Hamilton 1979 and Hall 2009; it covers region across the SE Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma and Thailand. Therefore this first 'international resources' seminar series organized by MGEI will provide unique and rare opportunity for the delegates.



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As reference; series of successful resources seminar organized by MGEI are: Sumatra Metallogeny seminar held in January 2009, Kalimantan Coal and the Mineral Resources (KCMR) in March 2010, in Balikpapan; Sulawesi Mineral Resources (SMR) in November 2011, in Manado; Banda and Eastern Sunda Arc (BESA) Seminar was conducted on November 2012, in Malang – East Java and the most recent; Papua Maluku Resources (PMR) Seminar was on 30 November – December 2013, in Bali.

OBJECTIVE To update, disseminate, document, and publish the information on the Sundaland Mineral and Coal (incl CBM) Resources, exploration aspects, model development, new technique and technology, and the challenges to develop coal and mineral prospects into mining stage in the Region To provide a forum of discussion and sharing knowledge and expertise on the Sundaland resources among technical experts in mining and exploration companies, government agencies, academia, and other stakeholders To also promote and campaign the prospectivity and potential of mineral and coal incl CBM of Indonesia and its neighboring countries sequestering within the Sundaland.

THEME

“SUNDALAND RESOURCES 2014”



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PROGRAMS

o 15th – 16th November 2014 A two-day gold and copper workshop will cover exploration techniques and stages, define, estimate and classify the resources based on JORC Code, and introduction to geometallurgy for geoscientist. The workshop will be presented by renowned geologist and geoscientist including Adi Maryono (PT. J Resources Nusantara), Sukmandaru Prihatmoko (Independent Consultant), Iwan Munajat (Independent Consultant), Terry Hoschke (ALTERREX), Nigel Radford (Newmont Mining Corp.), and Mark Noppe (XSTRACT Group, AusIMM).

o 16th November 2014 One-day coal workshop will cover coal technical reporting based on KCMI and JORC code, sampling and QA/QC, as well as risk and confident level assessment. The workshop will be presented by Chairul Nas (Univ. of Trisakti), Yoga Suryanegara (Cokal Ltd.), and Achmad Hawadi (Britmindo Indonesia).

o 17th – 18th November 2014 A two-day seminar of Sundaland Resources, Exhibition and Student Poster Contest. The seminar agenda will present 9 keynote speakers, 24 invited papers, 2 luncheon talks, 16 student posters and 6 exhibitions. Detail agenda of the seminar is shown in section of “rundown agenda”

o 19th – 21st November 2014 Mine visit to Martabe Gold Mine in North Sumatra. A total of 25 participants will attend in this visit.



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RUN DOWN AGENDA

GOLD WORKSHOP (Day 1: 15th November 2014) Time Min. Programs Presenter

07:15 45’ Registration Desi, Rosalyn, SC-MGEI, Unsri

08:00 05’ Introduction & Safety Induction Novotel Hotel

08:05 05’ Opening: Indonesian Anthem and Praying Univ. of Sriwijaya

08:10 05’ Opening Speech: MGEI

Arif Zardi D

08:15 90’ Exploration Targeting for Au - Cu Sukmandaru Prihatmoko

09.45 15’ Coffee Break

10:00 120’ Geochemical Exploration for Au – Cu Nigel Radford

12:00 60’ Lunch

13:00 120’ Geophysical Technique for Exploration Au – Cu Terry Hoschke

15:00 15’ Coffee Break

15:15 105’ Vectoring for Au - Cu Adi Maryono

GOLD WORKSHOP (Day 2: 16th November 2014) Time Min. Programs Presenter

08:00 90’ Mineral Economics of Gold and Copper Deposits Mark Noppe


10:00 120’ JORC Code 2012, Overview of Resources Estimation and Reporting

Mark Noppe

12:00 60’ Lunch

13:00 120’ Cut Off Grade Overview and Break Even Analysis Mark Noppe


15:15 90’ Basic Understanding of Geometallurgy Iwan Munajat

16:45 15’ Wrap-up Discussion and Closing Iryanto Rompo



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COAL WORKSHOP (Day 1: 16th November 2014) Time Min

. Programs Presenter

07:15 45’ Registration Desi, Rosalyn, SC-MGEI, Unsri


08:05 05’ Opening: Indonesian Anthem and Praying Univ. of Sriwijaya

08:10 05’ Opening Speech: MGEI

Arif Zardi D

08:15 90’ Coal Exploration Management and Technical Reporting based on KCMI and JORC Code

Chairul Nas


10:00 120’ Sampling Techniques and QA/QC Process Yoga Suryanegara

12:00 60’ Lunch

13:00 45’ QA/QC Process and Exercise Yoga Suryanegara

13:45 75’ Estimation and Classification of Coal Resources Achmad Hawadi


15:15 90’ Confidence Level and Risk Assessment of Coal Resources

Achmad Hawadi

16:45 15’ Wrap up Discussion and Closing Surahmat



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SUNDALAND RESOURCES SEMINAR

(Day 1: 17th November 2014) Time Min Programs Presenter

07:00 45’ Registration Desi, Rosalyn, SC-MGEI


07:50 5’ Opening: “Indonesian Anthem” and Praying

University of Sriwijaya MC: Farrah Anggraeni

07:55 5’ Speech 2: SLR Organising Committee MGEI

STJ Budi Santoso Arif Zardi Dahlius

08:00 5’ Speech 3: IAGI Sukmandaru Prihatmoko President of IAGI

08:05 10’ Speech 4: Event Opening Surono Head of Indonesian Geological Agency

08:15 15’ KCMI Ade Kadarusman PT BSA Consultancy

Session 1: Nurcahyo Basuki Bandung Institute of Technology

08.30 30’ Keynote 1: The Origin of Sundaland

Robert Hall Royal Holloway, Univ. of London – UK

09.00 30’ Keynote 2: Metallogeny of Mainland SE Asia

Khin Zhaw CODES, Univ. Of Tasmania – Australia

09.30 30’

Keynote 3: The Sumatran Fault Zone : Neotectonics, Magmatism and Metal Resources

Danny H Natawidjaja Indonesian Institute of Sciences

10.00 15’ Discussion


Session 2: Arifuddin Idrus University of Gadjah Mada

10:30 30’ Keynote 4: Sumatra an Emerging World Class Magmatic Gold Belt

STJ Budi Santoso PT. J Resources Nusantara – Indonesia

11:00 30’ Keynote 5: A Brief History of Mineral Exploration and Mining in Sumatra

Theo van Leeuwen Independent Consultant – Indonesia



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11:30 30’ Keynote 6: Mineral and Coal Resources in Sundaland

Prima H Hilman Geological Agency of Indonesia

12:00 15’ Discussion

12:15 60’ Luncheon Talk “Myanmar Jade” Doug Kirwin Independent Consultant

Session 3: Ratih N PT. Nurruh Bumi Lestari

13:15 20’ Tectonics and Mineral Deposits of Southern Indochina (Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia)

Takayuki Manaka Georesources of Myanmar

13:35 20’

On the Chatree Deposit in Central Thailand: Its tectonism, ages, magmatism, structures, alteration and mineralization

Punya Charusiri Chulalongkorn Univ - Thailand

13:55 20’ Geology of the Penjom Gold Deposit, Kuala Lipis, Pahang, Malaysia

Zakaria bin Endut PT.J Resources

14:15 20’

Geology and Gold Mineralisation along Ban Mai – Nakachan Trend, West Part of Sepon Mineral District, Savannakhet Province, LAO PDR

Made Suasta MMG

14:35 20’

Precious and Base Metal Mineralisation in Kwinthonze-Nweyon Area, Singu and Thabeikkyin Townships Mandalay Region Myanmar

Tin Aung Myint



Session 4: Edy Sutriyono Univ. of Sriwijaya

15:25 20’ Coal Bed Methane in Sumatra, Indonesia

Casdira Pertamina

15:45 20’ Coal Deposit in Tanjung Enim Coal Field, Bukit Asam – South Sumatera

Pajar Hariadi Wisnugroho PT. Bukit Asam

16:05 20’ Evaluation of Coal Bed Methane Potential in Muara Enim Area, South Sumatera

Sukarya Sanusi Geoservices

16:25 20’

The Petrology and Geochemistry of the Creataceous Schwaner Volcanic/Subvolcanic Rocks and Its Implication to the Tectonic Evolution of Sundaland

P. Sendjaja Centre for Geological Survey, Geological Agency




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SUNDALAND RESOURCES SEMINAR

(Day 2: 18th November 2014) Time Min Programs Presenter

Session 5: Yoseph CA Swamidharma PT. Tint Minerals

07.45 30 Keynote 7: The Regulation of Energy and Mineral Resources in Indonesia

R. Sukhyar Director General - Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources

08:15 30’ Keynote 8: Resource Potential of REE in Sundaland, Southeast Asia

Kenzo Sanematsu Geological Survey of Japan

08:45 30’

Keynote 9: Regional Evaluation on the REE Mineralization Potential in the Sundaland of Indonesia

Lucas Doni Setiadji Univ. of Gadjah Mada, Indonesia



09:45 15’ Student Poster Contest: Announcement of Best Poster & Presentation

Surahmat PT. Buena Group

Session 6: Riana M Vale Exploration

10:00 20’

Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Au Mineralization in Western Java and Southern Sumatra: Characteristics and Their Exploration Implications

Mega F Rosana Univ. of Padjajaran Indonesia

10:20 20’ Review of Geology and Mineral Resources at the Tembang Deposit, Sumatera, Indonesia

Bambang Prasetyono PT. Sumatra Copper Gold

10:40 20’

High Sulfidation Epithermal Au-Cu and Porphyry Cu-Au Mineralization in Bujang Prospect, Batangasai, Jambi Province, Indonesia

Rusiana Permana Antam Tbk.

11:00 20’ Application of Spectral Analysis in Alteration Mapping in Martabe Areas, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Wulandari M G-Resources

11:20 20’ The Geology of Pinang-Pinang Au-Cu±Mo Skarn, Aceh, Indonesia

Reza al Furqan Prosperity Resources


12:00 60’ Luncheon Talk “Geo-enterpreneurship” Jeff Malaiholo Arc Exploration



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Session 7:

Arif Zardi Dahlius PT. Rancabulan Penjuru Mineral

13:00 20’ REE Mineral Exploration and Processing in Indonesia

Heri Syaeful BATAN

13:20 20’ Bauxite Deposits in Mempawah Region, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Made Surata Antam Tbk

13:40 20’ The Enigmatic Sundaland Diamond Theo van Leeuwen Independent Consultant

14:00 20’

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Iron Ore Mineralisation Associated with Magmatism in the Indonesian Sundaland Region

Andri S Subandrio Bandung Institute of Technology – Indonesia

14:20 20’ Remote Sensing Aspects of Bau Gold District, Serawak, Malaysia

Amin Beiranvand Pour Universiti Teknologi Malaysia – Malaysia


15:00 15 Coffee Break

Session 8: Janjan Hertrijana PT. G-Resources

15:15 20’

Discovery, Exploration History and Geology of the Upper Tengkereng Porphyry Gold and Copper Deposit, Gayo Lues, Aceh, Indonesia

Dibiansyah Hamid PT. Barisan Gold Corp.

15:35 20’ Geology and the Mineralisation of Beutong Copper Deposit, Nagan Raya, Aceh, Indonesia

Bowo Kusnanto Tiger Realm Metals

15:55 20’

Economic Valuation for Undeveloped Base Metal Project Using Mineral Resources Reporting, a case study for Belitung base metal project, Belitung Island, Indonesia

Veriyadi PT. Bahana Selaras Alam

16:15 20’ Mineralogical Investigation of the Gold Ores and Mill Products, Phayaung Taung Gold Mine

Cho Cho Aye

16.35 20’ Anjing Hitam Underground Zinc – Lead Deposit, north Sumatera, Indonesia

Ryo C Mulya PT.Dairi Prima Mineral




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Session 9:

17:15 15’ Wrap up Discussion, Recommendation Nurcahyo Basuki Lucas Doni S

17:30 …

Closing of SLR Momento to Sponsorship Distribution of Field Trip kits Election of MGEI Chairman

Rosallyn W; Desi L; Tatzky; Gayuh Putranto, Heriyadi



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FIELD TRIP ITINERARY

Martabe Gold Mine – North Sumatra

(19th – 21st November 2014)

DATE / TIME

ACTIVITIES LOCATION REMARKS

Day I – 19 November 2014

06.30 – 07.00

Heading to Badaruddin Airport

07.50 – 14.00

Jakarta-Sibolga

14.00 – 15.00

Guests Arrival in Sibolga Pinangsori Airport

Welcoming, Hospitality

15.00 – 17.00

Heading to Hotel

17.00 -18.45

Arrived at Hotel Mega Permata Hotel

Take a rest, Praying

18.45 – 22.00

Ice Breaker Presentation Mega Permata Hotel

“Epithermal HS and Phreatomagmatic Breccias Introduction”

Day II – 20 November 2014

06.30 – 08.00

Heading to Martabe

08.00 – 08.30

Arrived in Martabe, Visitor Badge, Heading to Pelangi Recreation Hall

Permata Camp Parking Lot

Escort from main gate to Pelangi Rec. Hall

08.35 – 09.00

Welcome! Pelangi Recreation Hall

Welcome Greetings by Ratna Novianti, Opening speech by Shawn Crispin

09.00 – 09.10

Visitor Induction “Health, Safety & Security”

Pelangi Recreation Hall

Brief safety explanation, Safety regulation in Martabe Gold Mine



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09.10 – 09.20

Video Profile Pelangi Recreation Hall

All about mining activities from beginning.

09.20 – 10.20

Presentation Pelangi Recreation Hall

Geology of Martabe, “Exploration History, Geology and Mineralization Characteristic”, Re-Interpretation Purnama Model

10.20 – 10.30

Coffee Break Pelangi Recreation Hall

10.30 – 12.00

Presentation Pelangi Recreaction Hall

Reconciliation (Mine Geo), Geometallurgy

12.00 – 13.00

Lunch Pelangi Recreation Hall

Lunch, Chit chat, Praying

13.00 – 13.30

Heading to Purnama Pit

13.30 – 15.00

Outcrop Overview Purnama Pit Area

15.00 – 15.20

Heading to SGS Lab

15.30 – 16.30

Grade Control + SGS Laboratory

Grade Control area/ SGS Lab

Brief of Grade Control (Introduction), Laboratory tour

16.30 – 19.30

BBQ Pelangi Recreation Hall

BBQ, Chit chat

19.30 -21.00

Heading to hotel Mega Permata, Sidempaun

21.00 – 21.30

Arrive at hotel Mega Permata Sidempuan

Day III – 21 November 2014

06.30 – 08.00

Heading to Martabe

08.00 – 08.10

Arrived in Martabe, Heading to Coreshed

Permata Camp Parking Lot



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08.10 – 10.00

Drill Core Overview Core Shed Drill core overview + Discussion

10.00 – 10.10

Heading to Pelangi Pelangi Recreation Hall

10.10 – 11.40

Closing and Goodbye Pelangi Recreation Hall

Thank you greetings by Shawn Crispin, Photo session, Lunch

11.40 – 11.50

Heading to Permata

12.00 – 13.00

check out, heading to Pinongsari airport

14.00 – 21.00

Heading Sibolga-Medan-Jakarta



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PARTICIPANTS

Geoscientists (exploration professionals) Mining Engineers Academia Graduate students Government officers

ORGANIZING COMMITTE

Steering Committee Adi Maryono (J Resources) Sukmandaru Prihatmoko (SHS) Bronto Sutopo (ANTAM) Arif Zardi Dahlius (RPM) Iwan Munajat (Signal Delta) Ade Kadarusman (BSA) Yoseph Swamidharma (Tint Minerals)

Chairman STJ Budi Santoso (J Resources) V. Chairman Benyamin Sembiring (GEP) Secretary Desi Lusianingtyas (ITB) Enrico Aritonang (MGEI) Treasury Andyono B Santoso (ATM) Fund Raising Asri Wulandari (Greenland Resources) General Affairs Arti Primadona (GBU) Publication Tatzky Reza Setiawan (J Resources)

Alison Purba (RPM) Registration Karyadi (MGEI) Local Committee University of Sriwijaya Accomodation/Transport University of Siriwijaya Workshop Rosalyn (Harita Nickel) Iryanto Rompo (Buena Group)



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Surahmat (Solway) Seminar Gayuh N Putranto (BRM) Herriyadi W (BRM) Field Trip Leaders Arifuddin Idrus (UGM) Paper Editors Basuki Nurchayo (ITB) Sukmandaru Prihatmoko (IAGI) Adi Maryono (J Resources)

Theo van Leeuwen (Independent)



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SPONSORS

The MGEI-IAGI Annual Convention Seminar of Sundaland Resources 2014 is benefited from support and involvement of our sponsors. High appreciation is extended to our sponsor including

1. PT. J Resources Nusantara

PLATINUM

Platinum



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1. PT. Freeport Indonesia

2. PT. Indodrill Indonesia

GOLD



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1. PT. Bintangmandiri Perkasa Drill

2. PT. Bukit Asam

3. PT. Geoservices

4. PT. G-Resources (Agincourt Resources)

5. PT. Sumacorp (Namsuma Luban Abadi)

SILVER



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1. PT. Bahana Selaras Alam

2. PT. Ekuator Geosains Indonesia

BRONZE



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1. AusIMM

1. Badan Geologi

2. MGEI (IAGI)

3. PT. Geoservices

4. PT. Intertek Utama Services

5. PT. Jakindo Perkasa

EXHIBITION

CO-SPONSOR



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COMPANY PROFILE

PLATINUM SPONSORSHIP



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PT J Resources Asia Pasifik Tbk (“the Company”) is the only Indonesian public-listed company focusing in gold mining business.

The Company's journey began with the with establishment of PT Pelita Sejahtera Abadi in 2002.

In 2003, the Company became a public-listed company and listed its share on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with the ticker code “PSAB”. In December 2011, the Company changed its name to PT J Resources Asia Pasifik Tbk (JRAP) and step into the gold mineral mining business by acquiring PT J Resources Nusantara (JRN).

JRN is a subsidiary of JRAP that in June 2011 acquired the assets of Avocet Mining Plc in Asia Pacific, namely those in Indonesia and Malaysia. At the time of acquisition, there were only 2 (two) assets in production, Lanut (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) and Penjom (Pahang, Malaysia).

Platinum



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The Company currently owns 4 (four) assets that are actively producing assets, namely Lanut Project (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) and Penjom Project (Pahang, Malaysia), and 2 (two) new assets that recently produced their first gold, namely Bakan Project (North Sulawesi, Indonesia), conducting its gold pour in December 2013 and Seruyung Project (North Kalimantan, Indonesia), conducting its gold pour in January 2014. Besides, the Company possesses several assets that are in exploration and construction preparation stage.

Total production throughout 2013 reached 66,957 oz. With additional assets, the Bakan Project and Seruyung Project, the Company expects to double its production to around 200,000 oz per year.



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COMPANY PROFILE

GOLD SPONSORSHIP



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STUDENT POSTER CONTEST



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PETROPHYSICS DATA TO COAL BED METHANE (CBM)-GAS HYDRAULIC FRACTURING METHODS IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN, INDONESIA

by :

Annisa Mutiara Badri S-1 Student from Geophysical Engineering, university of Lampung No. HP : 081532098990. Email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Unconventional Coal Bed Methane-gas reservoirs are emerging exploration targets for the petroleum industry in the South Sumatera Basin, Indonesia. CBM is methane gas (natural gas) produced during the process trapped in coal. CBM is also known as 'sweet gas' because of the small content of sulfur (in the form of hydrogen sulfide). The methane gas trapped in the coal itself and also the water that is inside the pores space. Matrix porosity generally refers to the size of the cleats (cracks along the coal), and not the coal porosity. Porosity is generally very low when compared to the traditional basin (less than 3%). CBM wells in the initial phase will produce water for a few months and then in line with the decrease in water production, the production of methane gas will increase due to a dewatering process can reduce the pressure on coal and will release the methane gas. With the increasing coal production and depth of coal mines, traditional ventilation methods are not always the most economical methods of handling methane in the coal seam. Hidraulic fracturing have been developed that recover the gas before, during, or after mining. The Hidraulic fracturing methods, coupled with mine ventilation, may be the most economical method of keeping methane concentrations low in many mines. an important requirement to design a hydraulic fracturing method is an estimation of fracture closure pressure. This pressure is determined by the overburden pressure (a function of depth and rock density), pore pressure, Poisson’s Ratio, porosity, and tectonic stresses. a calibration from a mini-fracturing diagnostic is performed to validate the calculated closure pressure. This paper presents a case study of petrophysical data for a Coal Bed Methane-gas reservoir within the South Sumatera Basin. To determine the dynamic rock moduli that improved our understanding of the rock parameters was using Acoustic and other wireline petrophysical log data . The rock dynamic moduli were calibrated to the static Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio from core tri-axial tests to determine mechanical properties of the targeted reservoir. Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio are also combined to predict induced fracture complexity . The results of this case have given us, how Coal Bed Methane gas in the South Sumatera Basin should be completed and commercially produced. Keyword : Hidraulic Fracturing, CBM, Petrophysics



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RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE) BEHAVIORS DURING TROPICAL WEATHERING OF GRANITES: A CASE STUDY FROM TANJUNG TIKUS AND MENUMBING GRANITES,

NORTHERN BANGKA ISLAND, INDONESIA

Antonius Rishang Untoro1, Lucas Donny Setijadji1, Ega Gita Prasastia11, I Wayan Warmada1, Kotaro Yonezu2, and Koichiro Watanabe2

1Department of Geological Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2 Grafika, Bulaksumur,

Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia 2Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

ABSTRACT

Geochemical characteristics of Rare Earth Elements (REE) within residual soils of granites are important to be studied to elucidate the behaviours of these elements during tropical weathering processes and their potential for future economic extraction. Conceptually, REE can be released from their primary minerals during weathering and stay either as ion-exchangeable minerals, acid soluble minerals, Mn oxide-occluded minerals, organicaly-bound amorphous Fe oxides occluded minerals, and crystalline Fe oxides occluded minerals. The types of these fractions can be studied by a sequential extraction experiment. In this research, we conducted such experiments on the weathered granites from the Tanjung Tikus and Menumbing area, northern parts of Bangka island, Indonesia. Total geochemical compositions of major, trace, and rare earth elements were determined using XRF and ICP-MS analysis, while the REE modes of occurrences were studied using sequential extraction experiments, supported by mineralogical characterization using petrography and XRD techniques. The primary REE-bearing minerals in granites are apatite, monazite, and zircon. In weathered horizons, monazite and zircon are still found in every horizon, but apatite is only found near the bedrock. LREE/HREE ratio decreases with increasing depth, and HREE tend to accumulate at deeper weathering zone. Positive cerium anomaly is found at the upper part of the weathered profile. Eu is accumulated within the deeper weathering zone. Based on sequential extraction results, REE are mainly contained within ion-exchangable minerals and acid soluble minerals at deeper level, while at shallower level tend to be associated with crystalline Fe oxides occluded minerals. LREE have a very strong affinity with the crystalline Fe oxides occluded minerals. Moreover, ion-exchangable minerals and acid soluble minerals also bind more amounts of LREE compared to HREE, but not as strong as the affinity of LREE on crystalline Fe oxides occluded minerals. The behaviours of REE in weathered granites are determined by mineralogical-chemical characteristics of primary minerals and chemical environment of the weathering processes, in which pH seems to be the main controling factor. Keynotes: REE behaviors, residual soil, granites, Bangka island.



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INDIKASI DEPOSIT MINERAL LOGAM DI DAERAH MALANG SELATAN, JAWA TIMUR

Dwi Febriana Rochmah1), Septiandi Akhmad Perdana1), Yoel Marthen1)

Adi Susilo 2), dan Arief Rachmansyah2)

1)Mahasiswa, Peminatan Geofisika, Jurusan Fisika, Universitas Brawijaya 2) Dosen Universitas Brawijaya

Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

ABSTRAK

Secara fisiografi, Pulau Jawa bagian selatan merupakan zona pegunungan api purba. Pegunungan selatan Jawa Timur sebagai bagian dari lajur Pegunungan Selatan Jawa (Old Andesite Formation) berpotensi sebagai zona mineralisasi mineral logam prospektif, diantaranya adalah emas. Sepanjang jalur selatan ini ditemukan berbagai tambang emas yang ekonomis antara lain: Cibaliung (Banten), Cikotok (Sukabumi), Pongkor (Bogor), Ciemas (Sukabumi) dan Tumpang Pitu (Banyuwangi). Secara umum daerah ini ditempati oleh berbagai batuan sedimen vulkanik yang berumur Tersier hingga Kuarter serta beberapa intrusi batuan beku yang menyebabkan terjadinya proses alterasi batuan dan termineralisasi pada beberapa tempat. Kemenerusan pola ini juga melewati daerah Malang Selatan, sehingga potensi logam emas sangat mungkin juga terdapat di Malang Selatan. Indikasi keberadaan zona mineralisasi logam prospektif di Malang Selatan didasarkan pada pengamatan geologi dan geofisika. Pengamatan geofisika yang pernah dilakukan pada tahun 2005, 2007, dan 2008 menunjukkan adanya sebaran urat pirit yang berasosiasi dengan mineral emas. Hal tersebut diindikasikan dengan nilai potensial sebesar 11,872-29,433 mV dan Percent Frequency Effect (PFE) sebesar 3,54-4,09 FE. Kata Kunci: Malang Selatan, zona mineralisasi



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STUDI HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS PELAPUKAN TERHADAP TINGKAT PROSPEK URANIUM (U) & THORIUM (Th) DI DAERAH PEMALI, KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

Kuat Yogiristanto* Dwi Menur Mandriati S.** Rizal Muttaqien*** Program Studi Fakultas Teknik Geologi Universitas Padjadjaran

[email protected]* [email protected]** [email protected]***

ABSTRAK

Indonesia memiliki potensi unsur tanah jarang (Rare Earth Element) cukup tinggi yang bisa bermanfaat sebagai sumber energi alternatif masa depan. Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (Batan) memperkirakan terdapat cadangan 70 ribu ton Uranium dan 117 ribu ton Thorium yang tersebar di sejumlah lokasi di Indonesia. Daerah penelitian berada di Pemali yang termasuk ke dalam Kabupaten Bangka Induk, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Secara geologi daerah ini memiliki potensi unsur tanah jarang cukup tinggi. Hal ini dikarenakan daerah ini berada pada jalur timah Asia Tenggara (Granite Belt), yang menyebabkan litologi Granit banyak mengandung mineral kasiterit. Tingkat pelapukan yang tinggi juga merupakan indikasi faktor yang mendorong kelimpahan unsur tanah jarang di daerah ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi metode lapangan dan studio. Metode lapangan dilakukan melalui pemetaan geologi permukaan dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan studi literatur komprehensif. Metode studio dilakukan melalui tahap analisis petrografi untuk mengetahui jenis litologi serta analisis XRF (X-ray Fluorescence) untuk mengetahui jenis dan kadar mineral jarang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, stratigrafi daerah Pemali terbagi menjadi tiga satuan batuan (dari tua-muda) yaitu satuan filit (Pbf), satuan granit (Jgk), dan satuan granit terubah (Jgt). Pada daerah penelitian ditemukan struktur geologi berupa kekar-kekar yang terisi mineral kuarsa, turmalin, dan kaolin. Umumnya litologi yang berada di daerah penelitian telah mengalami tingkat pelapukan tinggi (berkisar 3-5). Setelah dilakukan korelasi antara tingkat lapukan dan keberadaan unsur U & Th melalui tahap statistik, terlihat bahwa hubungan antara tingkat lapukan berbanding lurus dengan jumlah kadar unsur. Kadar unsur U lebih tinggi terdapat pada litologi filit dengan pelapukan yang tinggi. Sedangkan kadar unsur Th lebih tinggi terdapat pada litologi sekis dengan pelapukan tinggi. Hasil analisa ini kemudian ditampilkan dalam peta konturing yang menunjukkan bahwa kadar U & Th yang tinggi berada pada bagian Selatan dan Utara dari daerah penelitian. Kata Kunci : Granit Belt, Rare Earth Element, Thorium, Uranium, XRF

mailto:[email protected]*



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POTENTIAL OF CASSITERITE IN MINERALIZATION OF HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION AT AIR JANGKAT AREA BADAU DISTRICT BELITUNG REGENCY

BANGKA BELITUNG ARCHIPELAGO PROVINCE

Adittya Gustriandy, Fajar Rizki Widiatmoko, Aan Dianto Geological Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman

Mayjend Soengkono street KM 05 Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Tin metal has function in terms of conduct electricity and heat as well that are common to the mineral cassiterite (SnO2). The minerals associated with granitic rocks as primary deposite and around metamorphics area which associated by tourmalin and quartz veins as secondary deposite. Belitung Island is known as an area that has a fairly large tin reserves. This area is located on the plains physiographic Sunda land is experiencing uplift. This set of rocks derived from the intrusion of sedimentation and metamorphism in pre-Tertiary age (Van Bemmelen, 1949). Hydrothermal alteration is a complex process in which changes in the mineral, chemical, and texture resulting from the interaction of hydrothermal solutions with rocks in its path on fisia certain chemical conditions (Franco Pirajno, 2009), which specifically cassiterite greisen influenced by the deposite process is generally present at the top of intrusigranit and form a copula which is accompanied by the formation of stockwork. PIMA analysis is used to detect minerals on the surface of the rock samples, and XRF is used to detect elements by X-ray. Analysis was conducted to obtain information that is the amount of potential. Keyword : cassiterite, PIMA, XRF, greisen, hydrothermal alteration, Belitung



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PENGARUH INTRUSI ANDESIT BASALTIK TERHADAP VARIASI NILAI REFLEKTAN VITRINIT (Rvrandom) PADA BATUBARA BUKIT ASAM

Fany ARDILA1, Basuki RAHMAD2, Agditya PRIKSAWAN1, C. DANISWORO2

1Program Studi Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknologi Mineral, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta.

2Dosen Teknik Geologi Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta *Coresponding Author

ABSTRAK

Intrusi andesit basaltik yang menerobos formasi pembawa batubara Bukit Asam di Kecamatan Lawang Kidul, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Propinsi Sumatera Selatan memberikan pengaruh terhadap variasi nilai reflektan vitrinit (Rvrandom). Bukit Asam dyke merupakan tubuh intrusi yang dijadikan fokus pada penelitian ini, karena intrusi tersebut merupakan intrusi yang terbesar pada daerah penelitian dengan luasan kurang lebih 1,003 km2 dan mungkin merupakan sumber magma dari semua intrusi pada daerah penelitian ini. Perhitungan nilai reflektan vitrinit (Rvrandom) secara mikroskopis pada 29 conto yang terdiri dari seam A1, A2, B1, B2, dan C yang diambil dari 20 titik lokasi conto yang berbeda pada daerah penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai reflektan yang meningkat dengan semakin dekatnya lapisan batubara (seam) terhadap tubuh intrusi. Pengambilan conto batubara tersebut menggunakan dua metode yang berbeda, yaitu metode komposit mulai dari batas atas (top) sampai batas bawah (bottom) pada nomor conto 92.07...-92.26... dan ply by ply (segmen atas, tengah, bawah) pada nomor conto C1...-C3... dan masing-masing conto diambil seberat 2 kg. Pengamatan mikroskopis pada maseral vitrinit dilakukan sebanyak 30 kali percobaan menggunakan sinar pantul dengan perbesaran 500, kemudian nilai reflektance vitrinite radom (Rvrandom) diplot dalam tabel tahapan peringkat pembatubaraan menurut Teichmuller (1987) sehingga peringkat pembatubaraan dapat diperoleh. Variasi nilai reflektan vitrinit tersebut dibagi ke dalam empat zona, yaitu zona 1 (zona 1A dan zona 1B), zona 2, zona 3, dan zona 4. Zona tersebut dibagi berdasarkan jarak (radius) antara lapisan batubara (seam) terhadap tubuh intrusi Bukit Asam dyke. Nilai reflektan vitrinit yang diperoleh dari keempat zona tersebut berkisar antara 0,31-2,87 % dengan peringkat batubara Lignite sampai Anthracite dan dengan prosentase kehadiran maseral vitrinit antara 62,8-92,2 (% Vol.). Pengaruh intrusi di atas menunjukkan adanya anomali pada zona 1B dan zona 4. Zona 1B berada pada jarak (radius) kurang lebih 1000 meter dari Bukit Asam dyke, namun hasil analisa reflektan vitrinit pada zona ini menunjukkan nilai yang berkisar antara 0,44-1,02 % dengan peringkat batubara Sub bituminous B sampai High volatile bituminous, sedangkan zona 4 yang berada pada jarak (radius) 1600 meter dari Bukit Asam dyke mempunyai nilai reflektan vitrinit 0,43-0,50 % dengan peringkat batubara Sub bituminous B. Nilai reflektan pada zona 4 ini lebih tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan zona 3 yang berada pada jarak (radius) kurang lebih 1400 meter dari Bukit Asam dyke yang mempunyai nilai reflektan vitrinit 0,31-0,43 % dengan peringkat batubara Lignite sampai Sub bituminous B. Variasi nilai reflektan vitrinit (Rvrandom) ini juga diikuti oleh variasi pada prosentase maseral vitrinit dalam % volume yang menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai reflektannya maka prosentase maseral vitrinitnya juga akan semakin besar. Kata kunci: Reflektan Vitrinit, Intrusi Andesit Basaltik, Bukit Asam dyke



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GEOLOGY OF HYDROTHERMALMINERALIZATION OF COPPER AND GOLD OF GAYO LUES DISTRICT, ACEH

Hastomo, F. H. , Pradhana, D. N. and Subandrio A. S.

Program Studi Teknik Geologi – FITB – Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132

ABSTRACT

Today exploration of economical minerals are being in the low stage. The difficulty of identifying regions with high prospect, and also the fluctuation condition the world economy leads to low interest of the people to invest on exploration. Especially in Indonesia, the minerals exploration are still oriented in eastern regions such as Papua and Nusa Tenggara. On this occasion, the author tried to publish a mineral exploration efforts in the area of North Sumatra with the main study of alteration and mineralization in Tertiary rocks. Until now, the minerals exploration activities in the area of North Sumatra and Aceh is progressive. In particular, in the district of Gayo Lues bordering Central Aceh Regency in the north and Southeast Aceh Regency in the south has successfully delineated the presence of porphyry copper-gold deposits and mineralization on the wall rock. Based on the geochemical soil sampling showing Au-ore grade up to 1540 ppb Au whereas Cu 640 ppm. The field investigation consisting of surface geological mapping and diamond drill core programs. The main geological field works are mapping of lithology and alteration zones as well as core logging. This area can be divided into: potassic alteration zones characterized by the presence of secondary biotite and chlorite minerals; propylitic alteration zones characterized by the presence of the mineral calcite; phyllic alteration zones characterized by the presence of quartz, sericite, pyrite; argillic alteration zones characterized by the presence of clay minerals kaolinite, illite, smectite; SCC alteration zones characterized by the presence of minerals sericite, chlorite, clay minerals; and advanced argillic alteration zones characterized by the presence of the mineral alunite and pyrophyllite. Sulfide mineralization is dominated by pyrite, chalcocite, covellite and followed by the presence of chalcopyrite, bornite, and scarcely molybdenum. Correlation between geochemical and petrological data in synthetihic column resulting the dependency of Au-Cu grade with quartz vein density and type alteration zones. Keywords: Sumatera, Aceh, Porfiri Complex Deposits, Tertiary, Hydrothermal Alteration, Copper and Gold.



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PENGUKURAN PARAMETER MODULUS ELASTIS DENGAN METODE ULTRASONIK DAN IDENTIFIKASI MINERAL PENYUSUN DENGAN METODE X-RAY DIFFRACTION

(XRD) PADA LAPISAN BATUBARA

Fitri Herawati 08091002005

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai modulus elastis dengan metode ultrasonik dan mengetahui mineral penyusun dengan metode X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Sampel batubara diambil langsung dari tambang batubara, sedangkan sampel overburden dan interburden diambil dari sampel bor yang berasal dari 3 seri bor yang berbeda. Nilai modulus elastis yang terbesar pada sampel Batubara terdapat pada sampel Batubara C yaitu sebesar 1458,75 MPa, sedangkan nilai modulus elastis yang terbesar pada sampel lapisan overburden dan interburden terdapat pada sampel interburden B2C yaitu sebesar 2010,74 MPa. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin kebawah lapisan batuan maka semakin kompak dan padat kondisi batuan sehingga batuan tidak mudah hancur karena memiliki tingkat keelastisitasan yang tinggi. Mineral penyusun dalam lapisan batubara hanya ditemukan mineral kaolinite, sedangkan mineral penyusun yang paling sering muncul di lapisan overburden dan interburden adalah mineral quartz, kaolinite, muscovite, dan montmorillonite. Kata kunci : Modulus elastis, metode ultrasonik, mineral penyusun, dan XRD



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OPTIMIZING LOW RANK COAL (LRC) WITH UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION (UCG) AS ENERGY MIX SOLUTION TO FACE ENERGY CRISIS IN INDONESIA

CASE STUDY : OMBILIN BASIN, WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Hangga Wijaya Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas

Diponegoro, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Electrical energy needs of the world increase rapidly but its not matched by the development of alternative energy resources. In Indonesia itself, we still using oil as primary energy resources whereas the production continues to decline over time, BP Statistical review in 2013 show that since 2003 Indonesia’s government need to import the oil from another country to meet the energy demand. For that reason Indonesia can’t depend on existing energy and we should optimize another potential energy resources such as Coal. World energy council survey in 2008 show that Coal resources in Indonesia amounted to 90.5 billion tons spread in more than 20 basin with total reserves exceed 5.370 billion tons, but unfortunately about 60% of them are categorized into Low Rank Coal (LRC) and 99% of them were exploited openly (open pit) that causes huge carbon emissions. Underground coal gasification is one method that can optimize the potential energy in the low rank coal by converting coal under the ground (not mined) to process the fuel gas with coal in-site. Coal is mined underground and does not react with air / oxygen and steam are injected to form a gas, liquid, and ash as residue. In this case the analyzed coal is coal from Podmoskovkaya, Angrenskaya, and Yusno Abinskaya area, located at Ombilin Basin, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The calorific value from each area sequentially is 0.0900 MMBTU/Mscf, 0.0945 MMBTU/Mscf, and 0.1126 MMBTU/Mscf with total reserve of UCG gas about 8.935 Bscf, this amount of gas can be used to generate electricity with capacity of 100 MW for 89 years. Thus underground coal gasification is one of technology that not only can be used to optimizing low rank coal (LRC), but also environmentally friendly and can be developed at more affordable cost. It is the best energy mix solution to face energy crisis in Indonesia. Keywords : Alternative Resource, Energy Crisis, Underground Coal Gasification (UCG)



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ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN METODE NON-NUCLEAR BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISASI SIFAT ELEKTRIK MATERIAL DALAM OPTIMALISASI

PENGOLAHAN DAN PRODUKSI POTENSI MINERAL BAUKSIT YANG TERBENTUK DI DAERAH KALIMANTAN

La Ode Marzujriban1, Akmal1,Anjelitta Salassa2

1)Program Studi Geofisika, Universitas Hasanuddin. 2)Program Studi Teknik Geologi, Universitas Hasanuddin

Email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Melimpahnya sumber daya mineral yang terdapat di daerah sundaland terutama di pulau kalimantan dalam hal ini bauksit yang menurut data ESDM cadangannya mencapai 3,29 ton dan tingginya permintaan dikalangan industri haruslah mendapatkan perhatian yang serius dari segi eksplorasi hingga prodeksi baik dari segi kebijakan,teknologi hingga aspek lingkungan serta kesejahteraan. Terlebih dengan diadakannya Permen ESDM No. 07 Tahun 2012 yang mengatur spesifikasi mineral bauksit yang akan diekspor. Oleh sebab itu perlulah teknologi yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjang optimalisasi pengolahan dan produski mineral bauksit yang terdapat di kalimantan. Dengan menggunakan analisis dari beberapa data serta literatur maka didapatkan nilai yang dapat digunakan dalam membuat model sederhana dari nilai besaran fisis elektrik material dalam hal ini konduktifitas bauksit 376.676 (1/mhom cm) terhadap nilai densitasnya 2.7 gr/cm3 akan tetapi data tersebut tidak valid dimana seharusnya terlebih dahulu perlu dilakukan permbuatan model dengan menginput nilai moisture dandensity dengan menggunakan nuclear density gouge. Akan tetapi karena keterbatasan alat maka pengukuran secara langsung tidak dapat dilaksanakan namun melalui analisa tersebut diyakini bahwa metode non-nuclear dinilai lebih efisien sera dapat dilakukan secara berkala unutk memonitoring produksi serta kualitas dari mineral bauksit yang akan diolah. Kata Kunci : bauksit, non-nuclear, produksi



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GEOLOGI, ALTERASI, DAN KARAKTERISTIK MINERALISASI DAERAH CIURUG DAN SEKITARNYA, KECAMATAN NANGGUNG, KABUPATEN BOGOR, PROVINSI JAWA

BARAT

Anatoly, N 1 , Binsar, M. Tommy Agus1 1Prodi Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Jl. Prof. H. Soedharto, S.H., Kampus Tembalang Semarang 50275

ABSTRAK Keberadaan mineral logam di alam erat kaitannya dengan kondisi geologi dan alterasi hidrotermal. Alterasi hidrotermal dan mineralisasi terjadi karena adanya larutan hidrotermal yang mengubah sifat fisik dan kimia batuan serta membawa unsur-unsur logam yang akan diendapkan pada batuan yang memiliki porositas dan permeabilitas. Ubahan yang diakibatkan oleh larutan hidrotermal akan membentuk suatu karakteristik khusus yang dicirikan dengan himpunan mineral yang terbentuk. Studi mengenai zona alterasi dan mineralisasi ini akan membantu dalam perencanaan pengembangan eksplorasi bahan galian logam pada daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi geologi daerah penelitian meliputi morfologi, litologi, struktur geologi, zona alterasi hidrotermal, mineralisasi serta mengetahui hubungan antara geologi, alterasi hidrotermal, dan mineralisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survey dan metode analisis. Metode survey adalah metode pengambilan data lapangan dengan pemetaan geologi permukaan. Metode analisis dilakukan dengan analisis petrologi, petrografi, sinar X, dan struktur geologi. Berdasarkan hasil pemetaan, geomorfologi daerah Ciurug dan sekitarnya terbagi atas satuan bentuklahan vulkanik berbukit terjal dan bentuklahan vulkanik pegunungan sangat terjal. Tipe litologi yang dijumpai di daerah penelitian dari tua ke muda yaitu breksi andesit, lava andesit, tuff lapilli, tuff, dan intrusi andesit. Struktur geologi yang terdapat pada daerah penelitian memiliki arah tegasan utama utara-selatan. Zona alterasi hidrotermal yang terdapat pada daerah penelitian dapat dibagi menjadi: Zona Argilik (Illit-Kaolin), Zona Propilitik (Smektit-Klorit), dan Zona Silisifikasi (Silika-Kuarsa). Mineralisasi di daerah penelitian berupa vein kuarsa dan disseminated dengan mineralisasi pirit dan kalkopirit sebagai endapan bijih. Tipe endapan yang terdapat pada daerah penelitian ialah epitermal low sulfidation. Kata kunci: Pemetaan geologi daerah Ciurug, alterasi hidrotermal, karakteristik mineralisasi, epitermal low sulfidation.



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STUDI GEOLOGI DAN LOGAM TANAH JARANG PADA ENDAPAN BAUKSIT DAERAH BALAI SEPUAK DAN SEKITARNYA, KECAMATAN BELITANG HULU, KABUPATEN

SEKADAU, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Prasetyo Senja H., Farradhiva A., Adi Syarif K., Ferry S., Gandi Anas N., Lisa Aprilia S., Praja Budi W.

Jurusan Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ABSTRACT

The research was conducted in Balai Sepuak area, Belitang Hulu district, Sekadau Regency, West Borneo Province. Research area is located at coordinates 0020’27.5784” – 0036’21.186” Latitude and 11104’29.01” – 111014’21.408” Longitude included in the Geological Map Sheet Sintang, Borneo. This research describes the geological mapping and studies of rare earth elements in the research area, by taking field data and random sampling in test wells, and analyzed using XRF method. Geomorphology of the research area was divided into three geomorphological units based VanZuidam(1985) is, sloping undulating pane plains denudational unit, steep slopes and hills denudational unit, and dike intrusion unit. Based on regional geology, lithology of the research area consists of a complex Semitau, Batuan Gununapi Betong, Selangkai Group, Formation Teu, Payak Formation and Alluvium deposit of Carbon-Quarter lithology. Deposition of bauxite in the research area sourced from allochthonous bauxite, which come from weathering igneous and metamorphic rocks that located in Payak Formation and Semitau Complex. Results of laboratory analysis with XRF method shows that there is rare earth elements in the deposition of bauxite in area of research such as Ce, Pr and Gd which value is higher than other rare earth elements. Rare earth elements (lanthanides group) are considered as associated minerals in deposition of bauxite which is can be utilized as a byproduct. Keywords: Geology, deposition of bauxite, rare earth elements



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ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION STUDY OF BUKIT PUYUH, TEMPILANG, WEST BANGKA: AN APPROACH IN PRIMARY TIN EXPLORATION

Rama Wicaksana Cahyo Nusantara1,Astin Nurdiana1,

Dr. Nurcahyo Indro Basuki, ST, MT.1 1Geology Study Program, Bandung Institute of Technology

ABSTRACT

An alteration and mineralization study is conducted in one of PT Timah concession in Bukit Puyuh, Tempilang, West Bangka. The aim of the research is to learn about the lithology, alteration, mineralization and also structural geology related to tin deposit emplaced insitu. Data obtained on this research are based on field observation and core logging. Moreover, samples taken are then analyzed using petrographic thin section analysis, XRD, XRF and Grain Counting Analysis (GCA). Lithological & Structural observation on field outcrop and core with addition of petrographic analysis show that research area comprises alternation of sandstone and claystone of Tanjung Genting Formation. XRD and petrographic thin section analysis are also used to determine the secondary mineral assemblages and interpret the hydrothermal temperature. On the other hand, XRF analysis is used to examine grade of several elements including Sn in cores and in some representative veins found in the research area whereas GCA is conducted to examine the cassiterite grade of the rock samples obtained from the field. Next, the results are used to synthesize an approach in finding a primary tin deposit prospect. Results from the analysis show that lithology in the research area are locally fractured and filled with clay, quartz and iron oxide veins. Furthermore, these lithology also shown an appreciable intensity of alteration ranging from weakly altered to strongly altered with an assemblage of quartz+sericite+kaolinite+illite±ironoxide±cassiterite and a trace amount of pyrite. Results from GCA & XRF analysis suggested that Sn is likely to be found in veins despite it is filled with quartz, clay, or iron oxide. This locally vein-controlled tin occurrence is expected to indicate a primary ore body in deeper zone. Keywords: Sn, primary tin deposit, alteration, mineralization, cassiterite.



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CORRELATION BETWEEN VEIN APERTURE AND ALTERATION INTENSITY AT KAYU ARO AND SURROUNDING AREA, JAMBI

Rio Priandri Nugroho1*, Nurcahyo Indro Basuki1, Benyamin Sapiie1

1Geology Study Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Bukit Barisan Magmatic Arc of Sumatera contains metallogenic resource that related to West Sumatera subduction zone. Research area is located on Batang Asai sub-district, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi Province. Lithology of the research area consists of andesite lava, pyroclastic breccia, and dacite intrusion. Alteration mechanisms in the research area are silicification, argilitization, and local quartz veining. These mechanisms show lithological and structural control of hydrothermal alteration on research area. Fractures and veins data were obtained by scanline method and then processed statistically to observe the trend line on graph of average spacing versus cumulative number. R2 value greater than 0,9 on power regression shows that fractures and veins are fractal. The fractal property is scale invariant which allows a spatial interpolation to be generated based on vein aperture obtained from 2D scanline. The interpolation result shows a positive relation between the increasing of vein aperture with the intensity of hydrothermal alteration. Keywords: Kayu Aro, hydrothermal alteration, scanline, fractal, scale invariant

mailto:*[email protected]



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THE BOUNDARIES OF GOLD MINERAL POTENTIAL FROM STUDY OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSIC IN MIWAH, PIDIE REGENCY OF ACEH PROVINCE, INDONESIA

Fakhrurrazi1, Rizky Ramadhan1, Akmal Muhni1, Teuku Ryan Fachrianta1

1) Geophysics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The Miwah area is located in Pidie Regency of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Geographically, this area is located on 40 45’ 00” LU - 960 8’ 00” BT and 40 52’ 00” LU - 960 30’ 00” BT with total area of the Miwah Exploration Mining Business Permits (IUP) are 30.000 Hectares. East Asia Minerals Coorporation had done exploration in the area since 2007 through to April 2011. According to geological studies, the area is similar to Martabe gold-silver deposit currently being development south of Miwah. It is located in the Sumatran Fault Zone along regional strike from Martabe and in a very similar volcanic setting with an alteration system of a comparable size. Based on geophysical surveying namely geomagnetic method, the results shown high susceptibility values in the area that is interpreted as a dominant volcanic area that is andecite-porphiritic. From the aeromagnetic data that has been acquired at South Miwah Bluff, it can be seen that the mineralisation at the Miwah Gold area occurs within a zone of alteration typical of a high-sulphidation system. Keywords: Miwah, gold mineral, geological mapping, geomagnetic.



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4D MICROGRAVITY TO CONTROLLING DEWATERING PROCESS AT COALBED METHANE PRODUCTION

(CASE STUDIES FROM RAMBUTAN FIELD, SOUTH SUMATERA)

By : Taufiq, Halilintar Duta Mega

Undergraduate student at Drepartment of Geophysical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Lampung University Email : [email protected]

Email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Coalbed Methane (CBM) is methane gas contained in coal seams, absorbed and trapped during the coalification process. To producing CBM, we require dewatering system, is the process of pumping the fluid that is in the coal seam to the surface (through a steel pipe) and the separation between the fluid and methane (in compressor) so that gas can flow into the natural gas pipeline. During the dewatering process, fluid and gas are pumped to the surface can reduce the mass of coal below the surface so it is necessary to control the production wells to see how far (the development of) the graph of CBM production. Current monitoring techniques have been developed using geophysical methods related to the density of the subsurface rocks is 4D Microgravity method. 4D Microgravity method is a development of the technique of 3D gravity with the added dimension of 4th, that is time. 4D Microgravity used for monitoring a subsurface density changes caused by mass transfer from one place to another or mass reduction that can be seen from the response measured in the surface gravity and microgravity anomaly value changes 4D. Using literature review and case studies that observed in Rambutan Field, South Sumatra in 2008 and in 2009, we earned value impairment gravity observations at 6 μGall current CBM production well fluid up to 100 tons. And based on the value of the 4D microgravity anomaly, gravity values decrease quite significantly in the CBM wells and the CBM-3-4. From the analysis of 4D Microgravity anomaly maps were correlated with the activity of CBM production on existing wells in the Rambutan field shows that the process of dewatering wells and CBM CBM-3-4 is directly proportional to the reduced gravity anomaly values in both wells. So the conclusion is 4D Microgravity method can determine the zones that experienced a reduction in mass due to the dewatering process so that this method can be used to control the dewatering process and production of CBM. Keywords : 4D micogravity method, CBM, controlling

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Date post:	16-Jan-2016
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