GUIDED EXPLORATORY

APPROACH

PROCESS-ORIENTED METHOD

This is a step-by-step acquisition of knowledge and skills.

It involves 3 major considerations:

a. The process emphasizes how to learn and not what to learn.

b. It stresses the need for functional/relevant transfer of knowledge.

c. It is concerned with the development of the intellect.

1. INDUCTIVE A method which starts from the

specific before arriving at a generalization.

It is usually known to unknown, concrete to abstract, simple to complex mode of delivery of instruction.

STEPS OF THE INDUCTIVE METHOD:

a. PREPARATIONb. PRESENTATIONc. COMPARISON and ABSTRACTIONd. GENERALIZATIONe. APPLICATION

2. INQUIRY TEACHING

“ Discovery teaching and discovery learning”

Commonly used in higher level thinking.

Teacher in the inquiry approach, poses a problem, ask questions and facilitates dialogues.

Inquiry approach relies heavily on the ability of both teachers and students to discuss.

The overall goals of inquiry teaching include:

a. Helping students learn how to ask questions.

b. Seek answers or solutions to problems.

c. Explore possibilities and form their own ideas about the lesson at hand.

3. LABORATORY METHOD

A kind of teaching process which normally involves firsthand experiences concerning materials and facts observed.

Laboratory Method may be:a. EXPERIMENTAL -it emphasizes discovery of a

solution to a problem either by problem solving or acquisition of information.

b.OBSERVATIONAL -it focuses on the acquisition of

facts.

Steps of the Laboratory method:

a. ORIENTATION and MOTIVATIONb. WORK PERIODc. CULMINATING ACTIVITIES

4. PROBLEM SOLVING It uses the scientific method in

searching for information and for improving the reasoning process.

is also referred to as reflective thinking.

Provides acquisition for meaningful experiences and development of higher-level thinking skills.

Steps in Problem Solving:

a. Sensing and defining the problem.

b. Formulating hypothesis.c. Testing for hypothesis.d. Analysis, interpretation of

evaluation of findings.e. Formulating conclusion.

Guidelines for an effective problem-solving:

1. Problem must be clear and concise.2. Problem is adapted to the age,

interest, skills of the students.3. Use cooperative learning to ensure a

more active participation of the member.

4. Furnish leading questions at every step to monitor progress of the undertaking.

5. Prepare for supplementary materials to substitute for materials that are not available.

6. See to it that the process or procedure is done correctly and well.

7. Set criteria for evaluation.

5. PROJECT METHOD This is a method that requires

students to construct projects as a result of the study/research done.

This involves gathering and organizing data to be presented in concepts acquired.

Usually this is presented to the students as an output for a particular area of study.

PROJECT METHODIt involves application of a

principle or concept which results from a group activity or an individual’s effort.

Is also called as “self-directed” study.

Effectiveness of the project method are as follows:

1. Project is reflective of the amount of understanding the students have for the concept developed.

2. It provides avenues for self-expression and creativity.

3. It develops desirable attitudes like resourcefulness, cooperation, independent judgment, industry, and responsibility.

4. Group projects enhance cooperation and sharing of ideas.

Guidelines for Project Method:

1. Set clear objectives for evaluation.2. Encourage use of available local

materials.3. Assign projects according to the

interest and ability of the students.4. Provide minimal supervision to set

directions and monitor progress.5. Projects must not be duplications of

previously done output of students.

Steps for the Project Method:

1.PURPOSING2.PLANNING3.EXECUTING4.EVALUATION

Thank you

-Jessamine Alaban

QUIZ:Identify the following.1. A method which starts from

the specific before arriving at a generalization.

2. It is also called as “ Discovery teaching and discovery learning”.

3. A kind of teaching process which normally involves firsthand experiences concerning materials and facts observed.

4. It uses the scientific method in searching for information and for improving the reasoning process.

5. This is a step-by-step acquisition

of knowledge and skills.