Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Applies to: SAP ERP 6.0 SR3
Oracle 10g R2
Linux SLES 10 SP1 on Itanium Systems
Summary This paper gives an updated overview of the installation procedure for setting up an ECC6 ABAP stack on Linux.
This procedure gives a detailed guideline in this simple case, and SAP notes in reference are given so that the reader can access more detailed information for his particular case.
Author: Pascal Bombardier
Company: BULL
Created on: 16 April 2008
Author Bio Pascal Bombardier has 10 years of experience in ERP consulting, integration and development. His competences range from Operating systems to ERP software, from functional analysis to implementation and development. He is working for BULL Company and currently joined the SAP Linuxlab as a hardware partner, where he certifies SAP software components on Bull hardware.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Table of Contents 1 References ......................................................................................................................................................3 2 Product Versions .............................................................................................................................................4 3 System Installation – Linux SLES10...............................................................................................................4
3.1 Start Installation ........................................................................................................................................4 3.2 System Configuration..............................................................................................................................12
3.2.1 Configure Some Kernel Parameters .................................................................................................................12 3.2.2 Check the Network Configuration .....................................................................................................................12 3.2.3 Prepare SAP Paths with Adequate Volume Size ..............................................................................................13 3.2.4 Install Additional System Components..............................................................................................................13 3.2.5 Install Additional SAP SAPlocales Package......................................................................................................14
4 SAP ERP 6.0 Setup – 1st Part .......................................................................................................................15 4.1 Preparation..............................................................................................................................................15 4.2 Installation ...............................................................................................................................................15
5 Oracle installation ..........................................................................................................................................24 6 SAP ERP 6.0 Setup – 2nd Part ......................................................................................................................28 7 Oracle Upgrade .............................................................................................................................................30
7.1 Prerequisites Checks ..............................................................................................................................30 7.2 Patchset 10.2.0.2 ....................................................................................................................................30 7.3 Opatch Upgrade......................................................................................................................................37 7.4 Mopatch Installation ................................................................................................................................38 7.5 CPU Patchs.............................................................................................................................................38 7.6 Instantclient .............................................................................................................................................38 7.7 Patches Installation with mopatch...........................................................................................................40
8 Post-installation Check ..................................................................................................................................43 9 Database Configuration.................................................................................................................................47
9.1 Optionally, on a TEST System................................................................................................................47 9.2 Oracle Configuration ...............................................................................................................................47 9.3 Oracle Authorizations..............................................................................................................................50 9.4 Configure the TNS Listener ....................................................................................................................51 9.5 Activate Asynchronous I/O in Oracle ......................................................................................................53 9.6 Memory Configuration.............................................................................................................................55 9.7 Configuring Hugepages ..........................................................................................................................56 9.8 Error ORA-14508 ....................................................................................................................................57 9.9 Configure Default Tablespace ................................................................................................................57
10 SAP Kernel Upgrade ...................................................................................................................................59 11 SAP Configuration .......................................................................................................................................61
11.1 Profile Adjustment – Memory Related Parameters...............................................................................61 11.2 Transport...............................................................................................................................................62 11.3 Backup ..................................................................................................................................................62 11.4 SAP Configuration.................................................................................................................................63 11.5 Recommended SAP Note.....................................................................................................................67
12 Annex – OEM Installation ............................................................................................................................68 Related Content................................................................................................................................................70 Copyright...........................................................................................................................................................71
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
1 References
It is highly recommended to read the latest version of ALL the SAP notes mentioned in this document, as well as related notes.
Many of them are changing relatively often, and it is strongly recommended to get the last version of each note.
http://service.sap.com/
Read SAP Note 23345 Consistency check of ORACLE database
Read SAP Note 105047 Support for Oracle functions in the SAP environment
Read SAP Note 134592 Importing the SAPDBA role
Read SAP Note 146289 Parameter recommendations for 64-bit SAP kernel
Read SAP Note 171356 Linux Essential Information
Read SAP Note 400241 Problem with ops$ or sapr3 connect to Oracle
Read SAP Note 407314 Released SAP kernels 6/7 for Oracle
Read SAP Note 514178 ORA-14508 when validating partitioned tables
Read SAP Note 562403 FAQ : Oracle Net
Read SAP Note 700548 FAQ : Oracle authorizations
Read SAP Note 793113 FAQ : Oracle I/O configuration
Read SAP Note 819829 Oracle Database 10g – Instant Client 10.x on Unix
Read SAP Note 830576 Parameter recommendations for Oracle 10g
Read SAP Note 834917 Oracle Database 10g – New database role SAPCONN
Read SAP Note 835474 More than 32 GB extended memory
Read SAP Note 841728 Oracle Database 10g – Software installation problems 10.2.0
Read SAP Note 871096 Oracle Database 10g – Patch sets/patches for 10.2.0
Read SAP Note 941735 SAP Memory Management for 64 bits Linux systems
Read SAP Note 958253 SLES 10 Installation Notes
Read SAP Note 969674 Oracle Database 10g – Default Permanent Tablespace PSAPSAUX
Read SAP Note 972262 Inst.NW 7.0(2004s)SR2/Business Suite 2005 SR2-UNIX
Read SAP Note 986578 Oracle Support on Itanium 2 (Montecito) systems
Read SAP Note 1027012 MOPatch – Install multiple Oracle Patchs in one run
Read SAP Note 1140644 CPU Patches January 2008 (Oracle Critical Update Program)
...
and related notes
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
2 Product Versions This is the basic installation procedure for SAP ERP on Linux. The concerned versions are the following:
• Novell Suse Linux Enterprise Server SLES 10 SP1
• Oracle 10g R2
• SAP ERP 6.0 SR3
3 System Installation – Linux SLES10 Read SAP Note 171356 Linux Essential Information
Read SAP Note 958253 SLES 10 Installation Notes
Read SAP Note 407314 Released SAP kernels 6/7 for Oracle
> Operating System: LINUX ON IA64 > SAP KERNEL 7.00 64-BIT UNICODE
3.1 Start Installation
Reboot the server and boot on the Novell SLES 10 DVD
Choose English
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Select Partitioning
Swap Swap recommended size is ranging from 2 times the memory size to 0.5 time the memory size for largest machines
If possible, dispatch swap on multiple drives
EFI create a 100MB FAT partition for /boot/efi
VG The use of logical volumes are recommended for maximum flexibility
Available filesystems : ext3; xfs
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Select the following Software options
KDE Desktop
C/C++ Compiler and Tools
Do not select “SAP Application Base”. A newer sapinit package is available on Novell website; read chapter “3.2 System Configuration”.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Check that Primary Language is English
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The setup process is starting:
The installation program reboots the server and resumes at “Configuration” steps.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Enter the root password
Click on “Expert Options” and choose MD5 encryption type
As hostname, give the short name.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Configure the network by
- enabling SSH
- disabling IPv6
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Read the Notes
After detecting the remaining hardware, the installation process is finished
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
3.2 System Configuration
3.2.1 Configure Some Kernel Parameters
Read SAP Note 958253 SLES 10 Installation Notes
Read SAP Note 941735 SAP Memory Management for 64 bits Linux systems
Download the sapinit package from the Novell website. The current version is sapinit-3.0-1.4.
The package “sapinit” must be used to setup the kernel memory parameters.
The minimal recommended values of the kernel parameters and shared memory size are pre-defined in the configuration file “/etc/sysconfig/sapinit”.
The SHM filesystem size is configured to about 75% of RAM + swap size, and the minimum value is set to 8 GiB (see note 941735).
Check the results in /etc/sysctl.conf and /etc/security/limits.conf configuration files.
Also, set Oracle recommended system kernel parameters into /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
3.2.2 Check the Network Configuration
Configure the SAP server with a static IP address.
Check that /etc/hosts does not contain any line with 127.0.0.2.
# hostname Check that the short name is returned
# hostname -f Check that the full qualified domain name is returned
Check the DNS settings
# cat /etc/resolv.conf
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
3.2.3 Prepare SAP Paths with Adequate Volume Size
Prepare the following volumes
Minimum Size Recommended Size
# mkdir /sapmnt 800 MiB 3 GiB
# mkdir -p /usr/sap 800 MiB 3 GiB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/102_64 2 GiB 8.5 GiB (SAP note 819830)
If possible, use 8k block size for the Oracle datafile filesystems
# mkfs.xfs -f -b size=8192 /dev/mapper/vgxxxx
Minimum Size Recommended Size
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/mirrlogA 200 MiB 500 MiB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/mirrlogB 200 MiB 500 MiB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/oraarch archivelogs Several GB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/origlogA 200 MiB 500 MiB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/origlogB 200 MiB 500 MiB
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/saparch brarchive logs
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapbackup backup logs
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapcheck brconnect logs
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapdata1 23 GiB depends on expected data volume
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapdata2 21 GiB depends on expected data volume
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapdata3 25 GiB depends on expected data volume
# mkdir -p /oracle/<SID>/sapdata4 21 GiB depends on expected data volume
Total /oracle/<SID> 94 GiB 120 GiB
3.2.4 Install Additional System Components
Install java components
# rpm -Uvh jpackage-utils.rpm-1.6.3-18.4.ia64.rpm
# rpm -Uvh java-1.4.2-sun-1.4.2.13-0.2.ia64.rpm
Hugetlb Pages functionality
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
# rpm -Uvh libhugetlbfs-1.0.1-1.4.ia64.rpm
iostat tool
# rpm -Uvh gd-2.0.32-23.2.ia64.rpm
# rpm -Uvh plotutils-2.4.1-591.2.ia64.rpm
# rpm -Uvh gnuplot-4.0.0-20.2.ia64.rpm
# rpm -Uvh sysstat-6.0.2-16.19.ia64.rpm
xosview
# rpm -Uvh xosview-1.8.2-21.2.ia64.rpm
3.2.5 Install Additional SAP SAPlocales Package
Read SAP Note 171356 Linux Essential Information
Install the saplocales package, as explained in the note.
# rpm -Uvh saplocales-2.4-2.ia64.rpm
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
4 SAP ERP 6.0 Setup – 1st Part The following basic setup is chosen
Central Instance
Oracle Database
ABAP Stack only
4.1 Preparation
Copy all the needed DVDs onto the server or mount them through NFS
1- SAP Kernel 7.00 SR3 – Linux IA64
2- SAP Netweaver 2004s SR3 Installation Export
3- SAP ERP Central Component 6.0 SR3 DVD 1/2
4- SAP ERP Central Component 6.0 SR3 DVD 2/2
5- Oracle 10.2 – Client Software
6- Oracle 10.2 – Linux IA64
7- Oracle 10.2.0.2 Patch Set – Linux IA64
8- Business Suite 2005 SR3 Installation Master
4.2 Installation
Read SAP Note 958253 Suse Linux Enterprise Server 10 : Installation Notes
Read SAP Note 972262 Inst.NW 7.0(2004s)SR2/Business Suite 2005 SR2-UNIX
Read SAP Note 986578 Oracle Support on Itanium 2 (Montecito) systems
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
As root, execute sapinst
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Unselect “AS Java”
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Enter your system ID
Enter the user's passwords.
Enter the database ID :
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Check that all the prerequisites are respected.
The swap warning should be solved on a production server!
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Select “Advanced DB configuration”
Fill in the database user's passwords.
Select “Create Database Parameters”
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Here you can adjust the size of the redo log files
The installation process is ready. Check the data and launch the installation process:
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Ask your license key to your internal Solution Manager administrator.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
The setup program stops for the database installation
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
5 Oracle installation
As root, change the system prerequisites
# cd /oracle/stage/102_64/database/install
# vi oraparam.ini
[Certified Versions]
Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,SuSE-10,redhat-4,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2
Open a remote connection with ora<SID>
# ssh -Y ora<SID>@server
> cd /oracle/stage/102_64/database/SAP
> ./RUNINSTALLER
Some prerequisites are not verified, because SLES10 is unknown from Oracle 10g.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Logon as root
# /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
# /oracle/<SID>/102_64/root.sh
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Click on OK to end the installation
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
6 SAP ERP 6.0 Setup – 2nd Part
Click on OK. The SAP setup resumes:
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Stop the SAP instance
# su - <SID>adm
> stopsap
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
7 Oracle Upgrade
7.1 Prerequisites Checks
# su - <SID>adm
> stopsap
> logout
Login as Oracle administrator
Stop all the Oracle processes
# su – ora<SID>
> stopdb
> lsnrctl stop
> isqlplusctl stop
> emctl stop dbconsole
> ps -ef | grep ora
root 3145 2993 0 08:51 ? 00:00:02 hald-addon-storage
root 8658 3841 0 09:49 ? 00:00:00 sshd: orabul [priv]
orabul 8664 8658 0 09:49 ? 00:00:00 sshd: orabul@pts/0
orabul 8671 8664 0 09:49 pts/0 00:00:00 -csh
orabul 8901 8671 0 09:58 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
orabul 8902 8671 0 09:58 pts/0 00:00:00 grep ora
7.2 Patchset 10.2.0.2
Get and unzip the patch on the server
# ssh -Y ora<SID>@server
> unzip /sapcd8/LINUX_IA64/p4547817_10202_Linux-IA64.zip
> cd Disk1/install
> vi oraparam.ini
[Certified Versions]
Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,SuSE-10,redhat-4,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
> cd ..
> ./runInstaller
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
Logon as root and execute the script
# /oracle/<SID>/102_64/root.sh Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= ora<SID>
ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/<SID>/102_64
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
# su – ora<SID>
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
The size should be at least 150 Mo for these 2 parameters
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER SHARED_POOL_SIZE
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER JAVA_POOL_SIZE
If necessary, set the parameters
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET SHARED_POOL_SIZE='150M' SCOPE=spfile;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JAVA_POOL_SIZE='150M' SCOPE=spfile;
SQL> SHUTDOWN
Upgrade the database dictionary
SQL> shutdown
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SQL> startup upgrade
SQL> spool patch.log
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql ...
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>
DOC> The above PL/SQL lists the SERVER components in the upgraded
DOC> database, along with their current version and status.
DOC>
DOC> Please review the status and version columns and look for
DOC> any errors in the spool log file. If there are errors in the spool
DOC> file, or any components are not VALID or not the current version,
DOC> consult the Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for troubleshooting
DOC> recommendations.
DOC>
DOC> Next shutdown immediate, restart for normal operation, and then
DOC> run utlrp.sql to recompile any invalid application objects.
DOC>
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#
SQL> spool off
SQL> quit
Check that no error occurred
> grep ORA- patch.log DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> The following statements will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> The following PL/SQL block will cause an ORA-20000 error and
DOC> The following PL/SQL block will cause an ORA-20000 error and
> sqlplus / as sysdba
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
SQL> @?rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
...
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> quit
Start SAP
> lsnrctl start
> logout
# su – <SID>adm
> startsap
Connect to SAP and check the database with DB13 and DB14
Shutdown SAP
> stopsap
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Guideline for Setting-Up a SAP ERP 6.0 System on Linux SLES 10 / Oracle
7.3 Opatch Upgrade
Read SAP Note 841728 Oracle Database 10g – Software installation problems 10.2.0
Upgrade opatch to the lastest version
# su – ora<SID>
> cd $ORACLE_HOME
> rm -rf OPatch
Extract the new Opatch version files
> unzip /oracle/stage/p4898608_10202_GENERIC_v5_opatch_10.2.0.2.5.zip
inflating: OPatch/docs/FAQ
inflating: OPatch/docs/Users_Guide.txt
inflating: OPatch/docs/Prereq_Users_Guide.txt
inflating: OPatch/jlib/opatch.jar
inflating: OPatch/jlib/opatchutil.jar
inflating: OPatch/jlib/opatchprereq.jar
inflating: OPatch/opatchprereqs/opatch/opatch_prereq.xml
inflating: OPatch/opatchprereqs/opatch/rulemap.xml
inflating: OPatch/opatchprereqs/opatch/runtime_prereq.xml
inflating: OPatch/opatchprereqs/oui/knowledgesrc.xml
inflating: OPatch/opatchprereqs/prerequisite.properties
inflating: OPatch/opatch
inflating: OPatch/opatch.bat
inflating: OPatch/opatch.pl
inflating: OPatch/opatch.ini
inflating: OPatch/emdpatch.pl
inflating: OPatch/README.txt
> cd OPatch/
> ./opatch version
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.2.5
OPatch Version: 10.2.0.2.5
OPatch succeeded.
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7.4 Mopatch Installation
Read SAP Note 1027012 MOPatch – Install multiple Oracle Patchs in one run
Upgrade mopatch to the lastest version 1.8
Extract the files
> unzip mopatch-1.8.zip
Archive: mopatch.zip
creating: MOPatch/
inflating: MOPatch/mopatch.sh
inflating: MOPatch/readme.txt
7.5 CPU Patchs
Read SAP Note 1140644 CPU Patches January 2008 (Oracle Critical Update Program)
As of Oracle 10.2 – 10.2.0.2, installing CPU patches is not recommended, because it involves some risks, as defined in note 1140644
======================================
We recommend that ALL SAP customers import the CPU patch only if it is absolutely necessary. Risks: The main risk when you install the CPU is that, as soon as SAP provides a new patch, this patch could clash with the CPU (it may not clash). If a clash occurs, you must decide between the CPU and the new patch.
======================================
7.6 Instantclient
Read SAP Note 871096 Oracle Database 10g – Patch sets/patches for 10.2.0
Read SAP Note 819829 Oracle Database 10g – Instant Client 10.x on Unix
When running Oracle 10.2.0.2, the only InstantClient must be in version 10.2.0.2.
# su - <SID>adm
Check LD_LIBRARY_PATH. It should be
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run:/oracle/client/10x_64/instantclient
> stopsap
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> cd /oracle/client/10x_64
> SAPCAR -xvf /oracle/stage/OCL10264.SAR
SAPCAR: processing archive /oracle/stage/OCL10264.SAR (version 2.00)
x dbclient.lst
x instantclient_10201
x instantclient_10201/libocijdbc10.so
x instantclient_10201/classes12.jar
x instantclient_10201/libociei.so
x instantclient_10201/ojdbc14.jar
x instantclient_10201/libnnz10.so
x instantclient_10201/libclntsh.so.10.1
x instantclient_10201/libocci.so.10.1
SAPCAR: 9 file(s) extracted
Check that the link /oracle/client/10x_64/instantclient links to the right directory
> ls -l instantclient
instantclient -> instantclient_10201
As <sid>adm and ora<sid>, check that the DBSL library can load the new instantclient libraries
> cdexe
> ldd dboraslib.so linux-gate.so.1 => (0xa000000000000000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x20000008001b0000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0x20000008001c8000)
libclntsh.so.10.1 => /oracle/client/10x_64/instantclient/libclntsh.so.10.1 (0x20000008001e8000)
libnnz10.so => /oracle/client/10x_64/instantclient/libnnz10.so (0x20000008023d0000)
libc.so.6.1 => /lib/libc.so.6.1 (0x2000000802754000)
libstdc++.so.5 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5 (0x20000008029a4000)
libm.so.6.1 => /lib/libm.so.6.1 (0x2000000802b10000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x2000000802be0000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x2000000802c00000)
/lib/ld-linux-ia64.so.2 (0x2000000800000000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x2000000802c3c000)
libunwind.so.7 => /lib/libunwind.so.7 (0x2000000802c74000)
Check that R3trans can connect to the database
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# su - <sid>adm
> startdb
> R3trans -x
This is R3trans version 6.14 (release 700 - 14.02.08 - 14:55:00).
unicode enabled version
R3trans finished (0000).
> stopdb
7.7 Patches Installation with mopatch
Read SAP Note 871096 Oracle Database 10g : Patch sets/patches for 10.2.0
According to the note 871096, the following patches should be installed as of 16/04/2008
p3748430 p4952782 p5530958 p6435823p4271217 p5063279 p5618049 p6447320p4518443 p5092134 p5635254 p6455161p4604970 p5103126 p5636728 p6663258p4638550 p5188321 p5941030 p6729801p4668719 p5308692 p6005996 p6740811p4707226 p5345999 p6024730 p6771608p4864648 p5363584 p6046043 p6819785p4883635 p5369855 p6153847 p4899479 p5442919 p6340979
and these generic patches
p4638550
p4864648
p5635254
p6005996
p6046043
p6435823
Put the non-generic patch zip files in a single directory (for example /oracle/<SID>/patchs)
# su – ora<SID>
> mkdir patchs
... (file transfers)
> cd patchs
Execute a test run (dry-run mode “-d”). The database can still be online during this run.
> /bin/sh $ORACLE_HOME/MOPatch/mopatch.sh -v -d
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...
Check that all patchs are checked successfully
Checked 25 of 25 patches successfully:
...
Shutdown the database and oracle processes
SQL> shutdown
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> quit
> lsnrctl stop
Execute the installation run
> /bin/sh $ORACLE_HOME/MOPatch/mopatch.sh -v
Check the output log for eventual errors
Patch Installation Status:
--------------------------
Installed 25 of 25 patches successfully:
...
Link Status:
------------
Link script "./link.sh" executed successfully.
Also, check that no errors occurred in the ouput log and in $ORACLE_HOME/cfgtoollogs/mopatch
Install the generic patches
Unzip and Install each of the 6 generic patchs
> opatch apply
Follow these steps required by patch 6435823
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup upgrade
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SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/prvtstas.plb
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/prvtstat.plb
SQL> shutdown
SQL> quit
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8 Post-installation Check
Startup SAP
# su - <SID>adm
> startsap
Check that the installation process correctly finished - Transaction SICK
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Perform a database check
Open the database planning DB13, and add a “Check database” task
Click on “Start immediately”
You can check the result in the database logs DB14
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Click on “brconnect” and wait for the check to finish.
Open the details
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9 Database Configuration
9.1 Optionally, on a TEST System
In case of a test system, you can disable archivelog
Stop SAP system. Then login as ora<SID>
# su – ora<SID>
> startdb
> brtools -c
1- Instance Management
3- Alter database instance
3- Alter database action: noarchlog
4- Database instance: <SID>
c- continue
BR0291I BRSPACE will be started with options '-p initBUL.sap -c -l E -f dbalter -a noarchlog -i SID'
9.2 Oracle Configuration
Check Oracle parameters according to the SAP note 830576.
Check that no obsolete parameter is configured
SQL> select name from v$obsolete_parameter where isspecified = 'true';
no rows selected
If some parameters are listed, they should be deleted from the spfile with this command
SQL> alter system reset <xxxx> scope=spfile;
A SQL script “parameters.txt” is attached to the note 830576, which allows checking Oracle parameters easily. Execute SAP transaction SE38, and paste the SQL code:
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Execute the SQL request; which check all the parameters according to the note and Oracle database version.
Check and correct all parameters which are not “ok” (above yellow line)
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alter system set "_bloom_filter_enabled"=false scope=both;
alter system set event = '10027 trace name context forever, level 1', '10028 trace name context forever, level 1', '10162 trace name context forever, level 1', '10183 trace name context forever, level 1', '10183 trace name context forever, level 1', '10629 trace name context forever, level 1', '10891 trace name context forever, level 1', '14532 trace name context forever, level 1', '38068 trace name context forever, level 100', '38087 trace name context forever, level 1' scope = spfile;
alter system set max_dump_file_size = 20000 scope=both;
alter system set optimizer_index_caching = 50 scope=both;
alter system set optimizer_index_cost_adj = 20 scope=both;
alter system set parallel_threads_per_cpu = 1 scope=both;
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9.3 Oracle Authorizations
Read SAP Note 834917 Oracle Database 10g – New database role SAPCONN
Read SAP Note 134592 Importing the SAPDBA role
Read SAP Note 700548 FAQ : Oracle authorizations
Read SAP Note 400241 Problem with ops$ or sapr3 connect to Oracle
With user ora<sid>, R3trans is not able to connect to the database
# su – ora<SID>
> R3trans -x
This is R3trans version 6.14 (release 700 - 14.02.08 - 14:55:00).
unicode enabled version
2EETW169 no connect possible: "DBMS = ORACLE --- dbs_ora_tnsname = 'SID'"
R3trans finished (0012).
Adjust the configuration for ora<SID>
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> create synonym ops$ora<SID>.sapuser for ops$<SID>adm.sapuser;
SQL> grant select, update on ops$ora<SID>.sapuser to ops$ora<SID>;
Now, ora<sid> can connect to the database
> R3trans -x
This is R3trans version 6.14 (release 700 - 14.02.08 - 14:55:00).
unicode enabled version
R3trans finished (0000).
> R3trans -d
This is R3trans version 6.14 (release 700 - 14.02.08 - 14:55:00).
unicode enabled version
R3trans finished (0000).
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9.4 Configure the TNS Listener
Read SAP Note 562403 FAQ : Oracle Net
When SAP is started, we can see that the SAP work processes connect to the database through TCP/IP.
> netstat -anp | grep 1527 tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:60467 10.17.214.174:1527 ESTABLISHED 25598/dw.sapBUL_DVE
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:60464 10.17.214.174:1527 ESTABLISHED 25594/dw.sapBUL_DVE
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:60465 10.17.214.174:1527 ESTABLISHED 25595/dw.sapBUL_DVE
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:60462 10.17.214.174:1527 ESTABLISHED 25589/dw.sapBUL_DVE
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:60463 10.17.214.174:1527 ESTABLISHED 25590/dw.sapBUL_DVE
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:1527 10.17.214.174:60463 ESTABLISHED 25600/oracleBUL
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:1527 10.17.214.174:60462 ESTABLISHED 25593/oracleBUL
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:1527 10.17.214.174:60469 ESTABLISHED 25634/oracleBUL
tcp 0 0 10.17.214.174:1527 10.17.214.174:60468 ESTABLISHED 25628/oracleBUL
...
In a 2-tiers mode, all databases provide an IPC (shared memory) access mode.
This mode is not activated by default when SAP is installed. This is done by modifying the tnsnames.ora file.
Add one line to configure IPC in these 2 files
/sapmnt/<SID>/profile/oracle/tnsnames.ora
/oracle/<SID/102_64/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# su – ora<SID>
> cdpro
> cd oracle/<SID/102_64/network/admin/
> vi tnsnames.ora SID.WORLD=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = <SID>.WORLD))
(ADDRESS =
(COMMUNITY = SID.WORLD)
(PROTOCOL = TCP)
(HOST = ls3170)
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(PORT = 1527)
)
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = SID)
(GLOBAL_NAME = SID.WORLD)
)
)
Check the result with netstat
> stopsap r3 && startsap
> netstat -anp | grep 1527
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1527 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
or check the result in the listener log
> cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/log
> tail listener.log ...
09-AUG-2007 15:56:08 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=BUL)(GLOBAL_NAME=BUL.WORLD)(CID=(PROGRAM=dw.sapBUL_DVEBMGS00)(HOST=ls3170)(USER=buladm))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=<SID>.WORLD)) * establish * BUL * 0
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9.5 Activate Asynchronous I/O in Oracle
Read SAP Note 793113 FAQ : Oracle I/O configuration
Check that the libraries “libaio” and “libaio-devel” are installed
# su – ora<SID>
> rpm -qa | grep libaio
libaio-0.3.104-14.2
libaio-devel-0.3.104-14.2
> cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
> ln -s /usr/lib/libaio.so skgaio.o
> make -f ins_rdbms.mk async_on
Check that the binary is now linked to the library
> cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
> ldd oracle linux-gate.so.1 => (0xa000000000000000)
libskgxp10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libskgxp10.so (0x200000000004c000)
libhasgen10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libhasgen10.so (0x20000000000a0000)
libskgxn2.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libskgxn2.so (0x200000000038c000)
libocr10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libocr10.so (0x20000000003a0000)
libocrb10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libocrb10.so (0x20000000004fc000)
libocrutl10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libocrutl10.so (0x20000000005e4000)
libjox10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libjox10.so (0x20000000006b0000)
libclsra10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libclsra10.so (0x20000000014a8000)
libdbcfg10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libdbcfg10.so (0x20000000014d0000)
libnnz10.so => /oracle/<SID>/102_64/lib/libnnz10.so (0x2000000001500000)
libaio.so.1 => /usr/lib/libaio.so.1 (0x2000000001880000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x2000000001894000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x20000000018ac000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x20000000018ec000)
libm.so.6.1 => /lib/libm.so.6.1 (0x2000000001924000)
libc.so.6.1 => /lib/libc.so.6.1 (0x20000000019f4000)
/lib/ld-linux-ia64.so.2 (0x2000000000000000)
Check that the asynchronous feature of Oracle is enabled
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− filesysemio_options = 'setall'
− disk_asynch_io = true
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> show parameter filesystemio_options
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
filesystemio_options string setall
SQL> show parameter disk_asynch_io
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
disk_asynch_io boolean TRUE
# grep kio /proc/slabinfo kioctx 64 165 256 15 1 : tunables 120 60 8 : slabdata 11 11 0
kiocb 16 31 128 31 1 : tunables 120 60 8 : slabdata 1 1 0
Check that the first two columns have none zero values.
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9.6 Memory Configuration
Suppose we decide to allocate 2 GB of memory to Oracle.
We have to set up these values in the Oracle instance:
SGA max = 2 GB
Shared Pool = 500 MB
Buffer Cache = 1300 MB
Java Pool = 160 MB
# su – ora<SID>
> brtools -c
1- Instance Management
4- Alter database parameters
3- Alter parameter action: change
4- Database parameter: sga_max_size
c- continue
5- New parameter value: 2147483648
c- continue
4- Database parameter: shared_pool_size
c- continue
5- New parameter value: 524288000
c- continue
4- Database parameter: db_cache_size
c- continue
5- New parameter value: 1363148800
c- continue
4- Database parameter: java_pool_size
c- continue
5- New parameter value: 167772160
c- continue
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9.7 Configuring Hugepages
Determine the hugepage size
# cat /proc/meminfo
...
Hugepagesize: 262144 kB
In this IA64 system, the hugepage size is 256 MB. We need 8 hugepages for Oracle SGA.
Determine the “oper” group ID
# cat /etc/group | grep oper
oper:!:1003:buladm,orabul
We need to authorize the group 1003 to use hugepages. Configure these 2 parameters:
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.nr_hugepages = 8
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 1003
It is advisable to reboot the server, so that the memory allocation happens when most of the main memory is free
# reboot
Check that the hugepage memory is reserved
# cat /proc/meminfo
...
HugePages_Total: 8 HugePages_Free: 8 HugePages_Rsvd: 0
Hugepagesize: 262144 kB
8 hugepages are now available for Oracle SGA
Authorize the oper group to use this memory
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
@oper soft memlock 2359296
@oper hard memlock 2359296
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Restart the database
> stopdb && startdb
Check that the hugepage memory is used by Oracle. Hugepages_Free should be lower than HugePages_Total
> cat /proc/meminfo
...
HugePages_Total: 8 HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
Hugepagesize: 262144 kB
9.8 Error ORA-14508
Read SAP Note 23345 Consistency check of ORACLE database
Read SAP Note 514178 ORA-14508 when validating partitioned tables
Verifying the database gives some ORA-14508 errors.
According to the note 514178, the table INVALID_ROWS is missing from the <sid>adm schema.
Follow the procedure given in the note.
# su - ora<SID>
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlvalid.sql
Table created.
SQL> grant all on invalid_rows to public;
SQL> create synonym ops$<sid>adm.invalid_rows for invalid_rows;
Synonym created.
9.9 Configure Default Tablespace
Read SAP Note 969674 Oracle Database 10g – Default Permanent Tablespace PSAPSAUX
As explained in this note, it is advisable to set the SAP users' default tablespace to PSAPSAUX.
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First create the tablespace
# su – ora<SID>
> mkdir /oracle/<SID>/sapdata1/saux_1
> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE PSAPSAUX
DATAFILE '/oracle/<SID>/sapdata1/saux_1/saux.data1'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE PSAPSAUX;
Check the default tablespace of SAP users. It should be either PSAPSR3USR or PSAPSAUX
SQL> select username, default_tablespace from dba_users order by username; USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
DBSNMP SYSAUX
DIP PSAPSAUX
MGMT_VIEW PSAPSAUX
OPS$BULADM PSAPSAUX
OPS$ORABUL PSAPSAUX
OPS$SAPSERVICEBUL PSAPSAUX
OUTLN SYSTEM
SAPSR3 PSAPSR3USR
SYS SYSTEM
SYSMAN SYSAUX
SYSTEM SYSTEM
TSMSYS PSAPSAUX
12 rows selected.
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10 SAP Kernel Upgrade Valid as of April 2008
CHECK SAP WEBSITE FOR UP TO DATE VERSIONS
Shutdown completely SAP application
# su - <SID>adm
> stopsap
> saposcol -k
> logout
# rcsapinit stop
Download from http://service.sap.com/ and upload to the SAP server the following files
- Database independent files (Kernel 7.00 Unicode) SAPEXE_146-20001223.SAR (04/02/2008)
ccmagent_18-20001223.sar
dsrlib_18-20001223.sar
dw_156-20001223.sar
enserver_152-20001223.sar
R3trans_151-20001223.SAR
rslgcoll_4-20001223.sar
rslgsend_4-20001223.sar
saposcol_58-20001223.sar
sapwebdisp_156-20001223.sar
sapxpg_9-20001223.sar
tp_156-20001223.sar
- Database dependent files SAPEXEDB_146-20001223.SAR
DBATL700O10_33-20001223.SAR
lib_dbsl_152-20001223.sar
R3ldctl_16-20001223.SAR
R3load_84-20001223.SAR
R3szchk_14-20001223.SAR
Backup the current binaries
# cd /sapmnt/<SID>
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# cp -rp exe exe_bak
# cd exe
Copy SAPCAR into another directory from the path
# cp SAPCAR /usr/local/bin/SAPCAR
# cd /usr/local/bin
# ln -s SAPCAR sapcar
Extract each SAR file into this exe directory (sapexe and sapexedb first)
> cd /sapmnt/<SID>/exe
> /usr/local/bin/sapcar -xvf ~/SAPEXE_*.SAR
> /usr/local/bin/sapcar -xvf ~/SAPEXEDB_*.SAR
Then the other SAR files
> /usr/local/bin/sapcar -xvf ~/<xxxx>.SAR
Update also this sapcar
> cp /sapmnt/<SID>/exe/SAPCAR /usr/local/bin/SAPCAR
Restore the authorizations
# cd /sapmnt/<SID>/exe
# ./saproot.sh <SID>
Preparing /usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run/brbackup ...
Preparing /usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run/brarchive ...
Preparing /usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run/brconnect ...
Preparing /usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/exe/run/brtools ...
Preparing saposcol ...
Preparing icmbnd ...
done
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11 SAP Configuration
11.1 Profile Adjustment – Memory Related Parameters
Read SAP Note 941735 SAP Memory management for 64-bit Linux systems
Read SAP Note 146289 Parameter recommendations for 64-bit SAP kernel
Read SAP Note 835474 More than 32 GB extended memory
SAP uses shared memory to store common data, usable by the work processes.
Set the following parameters
Usage Parameter Default value Adjusted
Memory mapping es/implementation map std
Nametab Table COUNT rsdb/ntab/entrycount 20000 40000
Nametab Table SIZE
Nametab Fields COUNT rsdb/ntab/entrycount see Table
Nametab Fields SIZE rsdb/ntab/ftabsize 30000 40000
Nametab Short NTAB COUNT rsdb/ntab/entrycount see Table
Nametab Short NTAB SIZE rsdb/ntab/sntabsize 3000
Nametab Initial Record COUNT rsdb/ntab/entrycount see Table
Nametab Initial Record SIZE rsdb/ntab/irbdsize 6000
Program (ABAP buffer) abap/buffersize 150000 500000 or more (depends on usage)
CUA SIZE rsdb/cua/buffersize 3000
Screen COUNT sap/bufdir_entries 2000
Screen SIZE zcsa/presentation_buffer_area 4400000
Calendar COUNT zcsa/calendar_ids 200
Calendar SIZE zcsa/calendar_area 500000
OTR COUNT rsdb/otr/max_objects 2000
OTR SIZE rsdb/otr/buffersize_kb 4096
Table generic key COUNT zcsa/db_max_buftab 5000 20000
Table generic key SIZE zcsa/table_buffer_area 30000000
Table single record COUNT rtbb/max_tables 500
Table single record SIZE rtbb/buffer_length 10000
Export/Import buffer COUNT rsdb/obj/max_objects 2000 20000
Export/Import buffer SIZE rsdb/obj/buffersize 8192 40000
Export/Import SHM COUNT rsdb/esm/max_objects 2000
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Export/Import SHM SIZE rsdb/esm/buffersize 4096
Roll Area ztta/roll_area 6500000
Page Area
Extended Memory em/initial_size_MB 6912 set to 75% (RAM + Swap)
Heap Memory
11.2 Transport
Transport configuration can be done with transaction STMS, to integrate this new system in its landscape.
Log in into client 000, transaction STMS.
If this system is the first of a new domain, create the relevant domain, and add the system as a domain controller.
Otherwise, enter the domain parameters so that the system can register against it.
11.3 Backup
Read note 171356 Linux Essential Information
At this moment, a whole or full database backup is highly recommended, as well as a complete local filesystem backup.
Adjust the configuration file “/oracle/<SID>/102_64/dbs/init<SID>.sap” according to your needs.
However, it is recommended to change at least the following parameters:
compress_cmd = "gzip -c $ > $"
uncompress_cmd = "gunzip -c $ > $"
tape_copy_cmd = dd
disk_copy_cmd = dd
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11.4 SAP Configuration
Correct the languages configuration with SE38 – RSCPINST
English Language is the only configured language
Click on “Current NLS Configuration”
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Come back to the configuration page, add the German language
Click on “Activate” to validate the new configuration
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11.5 Recommended SAP Note
When starting a SAP instance, you may get this error
You can correct this error by:
− applying SAP Note 1120534
− or importing the Support Package SAPKB70015
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12 Annex – OEM Installation Read SAP Note 105047 Support for Oracle functions in the SAP environment
This tool is not supported by SAP, and no configuration change should be done with this tool.
However, OEM gives a good overview of an Oracle database, especially with the performance tab:
How to setup this tool
# su – ora<SID>
> emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create
STARTED EMCA at Aug 8, 2007 4:44:01 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Prepare to enter the following information:
Database SID:
Listener port number:
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
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Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /oracle/<SID>/102_64
Database hostname ................ xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Listener port number ................ 1527
Database SID ................ SID
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ...............
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: y
Aug 8, 2007 4:47:21 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /oracle/<SID>/102_64/cfgtoollogs/emca/<SID>/emca_2007-08-08_04-44-01-PM.log.
Aug 8, 2007 4:47:24 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Aug 8, 2007 4:51:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Aug 8, 2007 4:51:45 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Aug 8, 2007 4:53:31 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Aug 8, 2007 4:53:31 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is http://server:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Aug 8, 2007 4:53:31 PM
Stop and start this management application with these commands
# su - ora<SID>
> emctl stop dbconsole
> emctl start dbconsole
Then browse into the application at this address: Erreur ! Référence de lien hypertexte non valide.
This management feature can be uninstalled with the following command
> emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop
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Related Content SAP on Linux
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/linux
Supported Platforms
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/webcontent/uuid/792dd957-0d01-0010-319b-e1211e5c66b0
SAP on Linux Forum
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/forum?forumID=189
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