Gulf Business | May 2010

8/9/2019 Gulf Business | May 2010

1/84

Wok) =0 A||p` = Emq 68=

sss)cpkgfp|ai`||)loe

Fmdvmai))))))))))))))FN =)8

Bpsma~))))))))))))))) BN =)8

Oemi)))))))))))))))) VO =)8

]m~mv)))))))))))))))))) ]V =8

\mpna Mvmfam)))))))\V =8PM@)))))))))))))))))) ND\ =8

^D@ I@S CPMVN: PIXOKA\D@N OEMI ^MB@\ OI CKA^ZQ PM@ ÔPVA\E

ÔX FMIB\ AI D@ CLLDACD DOX@\Eoicokam ~d` i`s fkp`ldax| emvb`~

LOI\OKMÂOI XVAZ@

La~q|lmx` olp|`| oi n`kaw`vq

CME@ LDMIC@VKminemvb| Waxì \`~da

Ag QOP FPAKN A^)))

Cpk gimilamk lì~v`| |~akk |~vpcckaic


2/84


3/84


4/84


6/84


7/84

M~`v ~so loi|`lp~aw` xoov |dos| ai ~d` Cpk Fp|ai`||miipmk ôx 08 Fmib| v`xov~+ a~ |`è| ~d`v` a| imkkq|oe` coon i`s|) ^d` ckofmk%v`l`||aoi%|xmvb`n imilamkv``mkk dm| imkkq |~oxx`n min |kacd~ v`low`va`|mv` tx`l~`n ov ~d` v`caoi| fmib| ai 68=8)

Pimllp|~oe`n ldmic`^d` i`s k`l~voial v`ca|~vm~aoi

|q|~è o Npfma Lp|~oe| q`~ ~o

xvow` mi aexvowèì~)

4Gataic ~d` lvmlb|A|kmeal imil` ep|~ mnnv`||

|~vpl~pvmk s`mbi`||`| ~o xp|d xm|~

`loioeal nalpk~a`|)

06M xkml` oi ~d` |~mc`Cpk imilamk lì~v`| ~acd~ì ~dàv

Emq 68=8 pfp|ai||)loe 3

^D@ N@^MAK\

~d` LOEEÌ~

=6

Aiw`|~eì~^d` p~pv` |dai` o ~d` Fva~a|d

|~`vkaic n`xìn| oi sdo emb`| a~ ~o

Nosiaic \~v``~)

=>Ai|an` ^vmlbXvpiaic ~d meakq fp|ai`|| ~v` a| m

nalpk~ fp~ i`l`||mvq ~m|b |oe`~ae`|)

=7Eoi`qSdì m fp|ai`|| lqlk` cvain| ~o m

dmk~+ ~d` oikq smq a| ovsmvn)

=4Emvb`~| =8=Aiw`|~aic ai px min loeaic Eoicokam

o`v| m ov~pi` ai ~d` imk voi~a`v)

68Cp`|~ loeeì~Eannk` @m|~ v`mk |~m~` emvb`~

oxìaic px okkosaic xo|a~aw` k`cmk

min lo|~ |da~|)

66K`~~`v|

~d` FvA`gAIc

6>V`caoimk Fva`gic


8/84

4pfp|ai||)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ N@^MAK\

~d` kAg`\~Qk`

38^vmw`kM vm~ o tx`vaìl`| px Vpmb Vaw`v ai

^dmakmin)

3=Mv~Lmavo |dai`| m| ~d` ~vp` j`s`k o

A|kmeal mvlda~`l~pv`)

36Eo~ovaicKmpvm Lokkmlo~~ ~va`| coaic cv`ì sa~d

~d` dqfvan K`tp| K\ 788dK)

3Foob|

37Lmkìnmv

34Do~`k|Sd`v` ~o |~mq ai ~d` CLL)

48\~m~| ' Gml~|S` pixmlb ~d` nm~m ov qop)

46Op~ ~o KpildVmm`ka Vpcc`va na|lp||`| ~d`

v`|~mpvmi~ fp|ai`|| m~ da| osi

Fal` Emv`)

38

36 3loxa`|

Jpi` 6881

D`mn Oggal`:XO Fot 6 646 >> 4>0

Mfp Ndmfa: XO Fot >+@%emak: eo~awm~`%mndHeo~awm~`)m`

Koinoi: Mlv` Dop|`+ ==/=0 Sakkame Vomn+Koinoi IS=


9/84


10/84

=8 cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ LOEE@I^ K@MN@V\

Miqoi` sdo dm| f`ì ai ~d` Cpk ov koic`v

~dmi m `s eoi~d| bios| ~da| |lvax~ mkk

~oo s`kk: m |s``xaic ldmic` a| miiopil`n

fq m cow`vieì~+ op~ o ~d` fkp`+ sa~d io

loi|pk~m~aoi min+ |`èaickq+ io ~daibaic o

~d` loi|`}pìl`|) F` a~ m fmi oi lmv| okn`v

~dmi =8 q`mv|+ m fmi oi loobaic sa~d mklodok

ai do~`k|+ |~vaicì~ lpvf| oi |eobaic+ ov+

`|x`lamkkq loeeoi+ m |s``xaic ldmic` ai wa|m

v`cpkm~aoi| mae`n m~ lko|aic kooxdok`| min

wa|m vpi| mlvo|| fovn`v|+ ~d`q loe` mvopin

`w`vq `s eoi~d|) ^d`v` okkos| m x`vaon oloip|aoi2 fp|ai`||`| min v`|anì~| m`l~`n fq

~d` ldmic` emb` m `s dmk%d`mv~`n loexkmai~|2

min n`ìn`v| eow` ai ~o fmlb ~d` ldmic`|

oi lpk~pvmk+ loioeal ov |`lpva~q cvopin|

$o~ì jp|~a`n!) Fp~+ jp|~ m| aexkèì~m~aoi a|

aeeaiì~+ ~d` kms| mv` |pnnìkq v`w`v|`n+ ov

`wì na|ea||`n m| m |aexk` ea|pin`v|~minaic)

Km|~ eoi~d sm| Nodm| ~pvi+ m| ]m~mv

n`lan`n ~o |lvmx ~d` a||pmil` o ~opva|~

wa|m| m~ ~d` mavxov~) Gov m |~m~` ox`vm~aic ai

m dacdkq loex`~a~aw` emvb`~+ sa~d `w`vq la~q

maeaic ~o f` m dpf ov ~da| min ~dm~+ a~ |`è`n

xmv~alpkmvkq |dov~%|acd~`n) Mvcpeì~| ~dm~sovb`v| min `wì fp|ai`|| xòxk` dmw` ~dàv

osi wa|m v`cpkm~aoi|+ sdald vèmai pildmic`n+

aciov` ~d` ml~ ~dm~ emiq xòxk` xo~ì~amkkq

koobaic m~ ]m~mv m| m xkml` ~o no fp|ai`||+

ov Cpk Loox`vm~aoi Lopilak CLL v`|anì~|

p|`n ~o ~vmw`kkaic f`~s`ì |~m~`| ov sovb+

p|`n ~d` wa|m%oi%mvvawmk |q|~è m| m em~~`v o

loiwìaìl`) Vacd~kq ov svoickq+ a~| ~d` smq

m ko~ o loexmia`| ox`vm~`+ min ìnaic ~dm~

loiwìaìl` sopkn |pv`kq e`mi Nodm ko|aic

op~ ~o vawmk la~a`| oi ~d` fp|ai`|| min ~opva|e

voi~|) Cawì ~d` `loioeal lkaem~`+ ~d` km|~%

eaip~` fmlb~vmlb sm| ai`wa~mfk`)

N`ìn`v| o ldmic`| ai v`cpkm~aoi mv` o~ìvacd~: koo|` wa|m vpk`| mv` m |`lpva~q iacd~emv`2

lpvf| oi |eobaic |dopkn f` s`kloe`n fq eo|~

min `wì ~d` fmi oi loobaic sa~d mklodok lmi

f` m|akq jp|~a`n oi v`kacaop| cvopin|) Fp~ ~d`

dmxdmzmvn smq ~d`|` ~daic| mv` miiopil`n

xkmq dmwol sa~d fp|ai`|| xkmiiaic+ min lmi

|lmv` o aiw`|~ov| p|`n ~o eov` xv`nal~mfk`

k`cmk lkaem~`|) Okn dmin| ai ~d` Cpk ~ìn ~o

f` na|ea||aw` o loi~vow`v|amk cow`vieì~

miiopilèì~|2 ~d`q lmi xoai~ ~o m nozì ov

eov` xvoxo|`n ldmic`| ~dm~ i`w`v emn` a~

oi~o ~d` foob|) @wì ~d` eo|~ dmvnì`n lqial+

~dopcd+ sopkn no s`kk ~o dmw` loi~aicìlqxkmi| ai ~d` `wì~ ~dàv kaw`kadoon a| ~mbì msmq

oi m sdae)i

Ow`viacd~ ldmic`| ai vpk`| mv` ogg%xp~~aic gov aiw`|~ov| sd`~d`v ~d`q dmxxì ov io~)

Fmn gov fp|ai`||R XokalqU

Oemi i``n| ~o ~v`mn lmv`gpkkq ag a~ smi~| ~o f` m |`vaop| nvms gov ~opva|~|)

Ep|lm~| fac mefa~aoi|R ôpva|e U

Fmlb ai 6883+ Npfma sm| |~akk oxìaic m w`%

|~mv do~`k w`vq eoi~d+ Npfmakmin sm| |~akk

~op~`n m| ~d` ~opva|e xvoj`l~ ~o ìn mkk ~opva|e

xvoj`l~| min ~d` èavm~` dmn cami~| |pld m|

Gkovanm ai a~| |acd~| m| a~ eow`n ~o ~vmi|ove

a~|`k ai~o m ckofmk ~opva|e n`|~aim~aoi) Còv`q

Bì~+ ~d` ldmavemi o ~d` Sovkn vmw`k min

ôpva|e Lopilak+ dai~`n d` sm|i~ dmwaic miq o

a~) M|b`n oi ~d` |an`kai`| o ~dm~ q`mv| Eannk`

@m|~ |`||aoi o ~d` Sovkn @loioeal Govpe ov

da| ~dv`` ~ox ~ax| ov Eannk` @m|~ ~opva|e+ d`

v`xka`n: Oemi+ Oemi min Oemi) Npfma+ d`

|man+ sm| m fpvi`n%op~ fvmin)

\pf|`}pì~ q`mv| dmwì~ `tml~kq wainalm~`n

dae) Sdak` Npfma dm| |p`v`n ~dvopcd m xvox`v~q

fpffk` min+ mvcpmfkq+ m do~`k fpffk`+ a~| mv voe

fpvi`n op~) Ai ml~+ n`|xa~` ~d` f`|~ ai~ì~aoi| o

`kkos èavm~`| min lopi~va`|+ ov |`vaop|+ em||%

emvb`~ ~opva|e+ a~| |~akk fq mv ~d` facc`|~ xkmq`v

ai ~d` v`caoi) Min Oemi? N`|xa~` a~| xo~ì~amk+ ai


11/84

Emq 68=8 cpkgfp|ai`||)loe ==

~d` ~dv`` q`mv| |ail` Bì~| xv`nal~aoi+ a~ dm|i~

emn` }pa~` ~d` aivomn| a~ lopkn dmw`)

Npfma fvopcd~ ai 1)< eakkaoi wa|a~ov| km|~

q`mv ~dopcd ~d` p|pmk oxmla~q ai cpv`|

emb`| a~ dmvn ~o na|~aicpa|d dos emiq wa|a~ov|

mv` ~opva|~| ai ~d` ~vp` |ì|` o ~d` sovn ov

fp|ai`|| wa|a~ov| |~mqaic ov m iacd~ ov ~so) Ai

loi~vm|~+ Oemi fvopcd~ ai jp|~ ~so eakkaoi mi

== x`v lì~ ailv`m|` ow`v ~d` xv`waop| q`mv+ fp~ m

koic+ koic smq |dov~ o ~d` 68 eakkaoi a~ dox`| ~o

fvaic ai fq ~d` ìn o ~da| n`lmn`) Npfma a~|`k+

sa~d eov` 0%|~mv do~`k| ~dmi miqsd`v` `k|` ai

v`caoi+ dm| |`~ a~|`k ~d` eov` v`mka|~al ~mvc`~ o

=0 eakkaoi wa|a~ov| fq 68=0)

Gov ~dm~ 68 eakkaoi cpv` ~o f` v`mld`n+

Ep|lm~ sakk i``n ~o vokk op~ m |`vaop|kq

aexv`||aw xvocvmee` o xvoj`l~| ~o |s`kk~d` ipef`v o do~`k vooe| mwmakmfk`+ min sakk

i``n ~o pxcvmn` ~opva|e mlaka~a`| ~o sovkn

|~minmvn|) ^dm~ ai a~|`k emq f` |`k%n``m~aic

ov m lopi~vq ~dm~ |`kk| a~|`k oi pi|xoak~

im~pvmk f`mp~q) A+ m| ~d` ~opva|e xpina~| |mq+

Oemi| emai |~vìc~d a| ai nvmsaic wa|a~ov|

s`mvq ov smvq o Npfma| loilv`~` jpick`+

a~ sakk f` kpef`vaic a~|`k sa~d m n`lmn` o

loi|~vpl~aoi |a~`| min |pf%xmv aivm|~vpl~pv`

oi` o ~d` emai lva~ala|e| o Npfma npvaic a~|

osi fv`mbi`lb cvos~d x`vaon mkk ~o f` jp|~

mio~d`v ow`v%fpak~ Cpk n`|~aim~aoi)

Mk|o oi Ep|lm~| vmnmv |dopkn f` Mfp Ndmfa)

^d` èavm~` a| n`kaf`vm~`kq ~mvc`~aic `tml~kq

~d` |me` mgpì~+ s`kk%d``k`n+ fac |xìnaic

~vmw`kk`v| ~dm~ Oemi smi~|) A~ dm| kmpild`n

mi aexv`||aw` mvvmq o xvoj`l~|+ voe ~d` dpc`

\mmnaqm~ A|kmin lpk~pvmk aia~am~aw`| ~o ~d` eov`

meakq%~dè`n m~~vml~aoi| oi Qm| A|kmin+ |pld

m| ~d` vml`~vmlb min G`vvmva Sovkn) Mcmai|~

~da|+ Oemi lmi~+ min |dopkni~+ ~vq ~o loex`~`)

A miq~daic+ Oemi |dopkn |lmk` fmlb |oe` o

a~| mefa~aoi+ min sovb op~ dos ~o emtaea|`

v`wìp`| ~dvopcd `txkoa~aic a~| `ta|~aic

v`|opvl`| min m~~vml~aoi|) Min+ ai noaic |o+ ~d`v`mv` oxxov~pia~a`| ov Oemi ~o ~mb` mnwmi~mc`

o a~| iàcdfopv| mefa~aop| xkmi|) d` v`lì~

olp| fq Npfma min Mfp Ndmfa oi fvaicaic

ai eov` lvpa|` ~vml sakk v`mx fì`~| ov

`w`vqoi` oi ~d` lom|~+ |x`lamkkq Oemi) M~`v mkk+

eon`vi Cpk la~a`| lmi c`~ m ka~~k` v`x`~a~aw`+ min

~d` ldmve| o Ep|lm~ sakk pinopf~`nkq xvow` m

fac nvms ~o wa|a~ov| ~o ~d` Mvmfami Cpk) i

\~akk sma~aic gov m lk`mv xal~pv` oi ~d` d`mk~d og Cpkg fmib|)

Gacd~aic ~d` gmkkop~R Fmibaic U

^D@ LOEE@I^ K@MN@V\

A km|~ q`mv| wa`s o ~d` ox 08 Fmib| ai ~d`

Cpk Loox`vm~aoi Lopilak lme` npvaic m ~ae` o

~pvfpkìl`+ ~da| q`mv| m~ k`m|~ xoai~| ~o v`low`vq)

Opv p|pmk loeeì~| ~oo emiq fmib|+ ~ooka~~k` v`cpkm~aoi+ m kmlb o i``n`n loi|okanm~aoi

~o nvaw` wmkp`+ min m kmlb o ~vmi|xmvìlq ai

~d` fmkmil` |d``~| |~akk mxxkq fp~ ~d`|` mv`

~èx`v`n fq i`s loil`vi|)

@txo|pv` ~o ~d` \mmn/Mk Cdo|mafa fmibaic

|lminmk dm| f`ì eo|~kq mf|ovf`n+ sa~d Msmk

Fmib min ~d` Ai~`vim~aoimk Fmibaic Lovxovm~aoi

na|mxx`mvaic voe opv ka|~ m| m v`|pk~) Fp~+ sa~d

Npfma Sovkn| v`|~vpl~pvaic |~akk eav`n ai ~mkb|+

~d`v` emq f` m `s eov` im|~q |pvxva|`| md`mn)

^d` san`v xvox`v~q n`xv`||aoi a| |~akk ~o f`

xvox`vkq mnnv`||`n+ fo~d ai ~`ve| o fmn komi

xvowa|aoi|+ v`wmkpaic xvox`v~q min kmin m||`~|

oi ~d` foob| min loeaic px sa~d m loovnaim~`n

|~vm~`cq ~o n`mk sa~d ~d` ai`wa~mfk` v`xo||`||aoi|

min n`mpk~|)Gov ~d` q`mv md`mn+ m| n`lì~ xvo~mfaka~q

v`~pvi| ~o ~d` |`l~ov+ fmib| ep|~ mk|o mll`x~

~dm~ ~d`q dmw` san`v v`|xoi|afaka~a`| ~dmi

jp|~ ~o ~dàv nav`l~ov| min |dmv`dokn`v|) A~|

px ~o ~dè ~o ml~ ai lod`|aoi+ min sa~d ~d`

nav`l~aoi min |pxxov~ o lì~vmk fmib|+ ~o

v`~daib va|b xvok`| min ~o v`|~ov` kai`| o

lv`na~ ~o ~do|` fp|ai`||`| min |`l~ov| ~dm~

i``n a~ eo|~) ^d` dmklqoi nmq| emq f` f`dain

p|+ fp~ ~d` v`caoi i``n| m d`mk~dq+ |pxxov~aw`

fmibaic |`l~ov a ~d` Cpk| loioea`| mv` ~o

cvos min xvo|x`v) i


12/84=6 cpfp|i`||)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ LOEE@IÂIW@\Ê@I^

Gokkosaic Covnoi Fvosi| miiopilèì~ ~o lmkk

~d i`t~ Fva~a|d cì`vmk `k`l~aoi oi Emq 7+ |~`vkaic

fo~~oe`n mcmai|~ ~d nokkmv m~ =)>4 m| `mv| mfop~ m

dpic xmvkameì~ ai S`|~eai|~`v s`v v`xkml`n fq

xokk| ~dm~ |pcc`|~`n m sanìaic k`mn ov Nmwan Lme`voi

min ~d Loi|`vwm~aw Xmv~q mcmai|~ ~d ailpefì~ oi

Nosiaic \~v``~) Covnoi Fvosi| fom|~ ~dm~ I`s Kmfopv

mfoka|d`n fooe fp|~ lqlk`| npvaic da| ~ìpv m| oiq Fkmav|

Ldmil`kkov $=113%6883! sm| lvp`kkq v`p~`n fq ~d imilamk

lva|a| ai 6884 min DE v`m|pvq| e`vcìlq fmakop~ o VF\

min Kkoqn| DFO\)

^d ovàci `tldmic emvb`~ dm| emn io |`lv`~

mfop~ a~| xv``vìl ov ~d saii`v oi Emq 7) M n`la|aw`

ôvq sai sakk f ~d facc`|~ foo|~ ov |~`vkaic m|

Lme`voi| xokala`| |pcc`|~ voi~ komn`n |lmk ~acd~ìaic)

M dpic xmvkameì~ ai S`|~eai|~`v sakk

~vacc`v m Xmwkowami |~`vkaic mkk fp~ io

eov ~dmi m sov|~ lm| |lìmvao o =)>0

mcmai|~ ~d nokkmv+ sa~d ~d |~mfka|deì~o m |lmk dmsba|d lomka~aoi cow`vieì~

~d goov) Ai miq lm| + Ldalmco AEE

xo|a~aoiaic nm~m+ ~`ldialmk ldmv~ xm~~`vi|

min v`mk eoi`q ~vmnaic f`dmwaopv

|pcc`|~| lmfk $|~`vkaic%nokkmv! a| cvo||kq

ow`v|okn m~ =)08)

^da| a| mkk ~d eov ~vp |ail ~d PB

`loioeq |`è| ~o dmw e`vc`n voe

a~| sov|~ v`l`||aoi |ail ~d km~`v =138|

sai~`v o na|loi~ì~ ~dm~ fopcd~ nosi ~d cow`vieì~ o

Jme`| Lmkkmcdmi min k`n ~o ~d `k`l~aoi o Ev|) Emvcmv`~

^dm~ld`v) da| a| ~d v`m|oi |~`vkaic dm| f`loe do|~mc ~o

~d ~ov~pop| xvol`||`| o Fva~a|d xoka~al| m| Fvosi| fmibaicfmakop~| min xpfkal |xìnaic kmvc`|| dm| ailovxovm~`n m va|b

xvèape oi cak~| imil`n fq o|dov lv`na~ov|)

A~ a| avoial ~dm~ ~d @P%AEG imilamk ka`kai ~o Cv``l +

cvpncaickq mcv``n ~o fq Ldmil`kkov E`vb`k min ~d lokn

eoi`~mva|~ |opk o ~d Fpin`|fmib+ lopkn ml~pmkkq emb ~d`

PB wpki`vmfk ~o m xo|~%`k`l~aoi |x`lpkm~aw m~~mlb) \kpcca|d

`loioeal cvos~d min m =6 x`v lì~ fpnc`~ n`la~ ~o CNX

vm~ao+ m |lmk eon`k fvobì np ~o ~d so`| o ~d La~q o

Koinoi| imil v`wìp`| min |dmvxkq kos`v dop|aic/lmxa~mk

cmai ~mt`| e`mi| ~d Fva~a|d emkma| lopkn v`xkml ~d Cv``b

~vmc`nq m| ~d i`t~ of|`||aoi n jopv o ~d lpvvìlq emvb`~|)

^d`v a| piea|~mbmfk wanìl o m PB loioeal v`low`vq)

^d Dmkamt dop| ain`t+ xvonpl`v xval`|+ m eon`|~ fp~ |~akk

~micafk 8)> x`v lì~ cvos~d ai Fva~a|d CNX min `wì m va|`

ai loi|pe`v |ì~aeì~ dmw mkk foo|~`n |ì~aeì~ oi ~d`

op~koob ov ~d Fva~a|d loioeq min |~`vkaic) da| a| ~d`

v`m|oi a~ a| pisa| ~o |dov~ ~d Fva~a|d xopin mcmai|~ ~d`

nokkmv f`kos =)0>) A~ a| mk|o pisa| ~o ovc`~ ~dm~ |~`vkaic|

~vmn sàcd~`n n`wmkpm~aoi |ail 6883 a| cv`m~`v ~dmi ~d`

\`x~èf`v =116 @VE lva|a| pin`v Jodi Emjov+ ~d =174

n`wmkpm~aoi pin`v Dmvokn Sak|oi ov wì Fva~mai| n`la|aoi

~o mfminoi ~d cokn |~minmvn ai =1


13/84


14/84=> cpgfpi`)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ LOEE@IÂI\AN@ VMLB

Oi` o ~d` dmvn`|~ ~oxal| ~o ~mkb mfop~ ai miq

meakq fp|ai`|| a| ~d` a||p` o vaic meakq

eèf`v|) ^da| a| m w`vq ~opldq |pfj`l~ f`lmp|`

~o eo|~ ai ~da| v`caoi+ ~o |mlb m meakq eèf`v ai

qopv meakq fp|ai`|| a| mfop~ m| mxx`mkaic m| mfminoiaic

qopv v`km~aw` ai m jpick` pkk o sakn miaemk|)

Sdak` sa~d meaka`|+ xvolv`m~aoi min xvo~`l~aoi mv` ~d`

ovn`v o ~daic|+ ~d` |me` a| io~ ~d` lm|` ai fp|ai`||`|)

M loiwì~aoimk fp|ai`|| a| mfop~ fo~~oe kai`|) Min m|

~d` dqfvan o ~d` ~so meakq min fp|ai`|| meakq

fp|ai`||`| dmw` m w`vq i` kai` ~o smkb ai koobaic m~`v

~d` ai~`v`|~ o ~d` meakq min ~d` fp|ai`||) Oi` eop~d a|

`m|q ~o ``n lmwamv) so a| m fa~ n`mv`v min 08 f`loe`|

nosivacd~ txì|aw`) Dos`w v+ ~vq ~o loiwail` ~d` x`v|oi

sdo a| p|`n ~o `m~aic lmwamv ~dm~ |mvnai`| mv` ìopcd ~o

kk da| dpic`v) Ov `wì sov|`+ ~vq ~o

loiwail` ~d` >4 o~d`v eop~d| ~dm~

|mvnai`| |dopkn f` |plaì~ ìopcd

ov ~dè sdì ~d`q s`v` ~mpcd~ ~of`ka`w` ~dm~ lmwamv a| ~d` smq ~o co)

M| meaka`| cvos ai ipef`v|+ mkk

eèf`v| f`ka`w` a~ a| ~dàv vacd~+

io~ xvawak`c`+ ~o f` xmv~ o m meakq

fp|ai`||) d`q |`` ~dm~ coknì lmc`

~dm~ xvowan`| ~dè sa~d |`lpva~q min

xvo~`l~aoi `wì ~dopcd a~ kaea~| ~dàv

mfaka~a`| min |~vmick`| ~dàv lv`m~awa~q)

^d`q mv` pisakkaic ~o fv`mb v`` voe

~da| |~qka|`n xal~pv` ai ~dàv eain f`lmp|` a~ no`| jp|~

~dm~ xvo~`l~| ~dè) Sdm~ a| dmvn ov ~dè ~o |`` a| ~dm~

~d`q mv` ai m lmc`) Min io em~~`v sdm~ em~`vamk a~| lvm~`n

voe+ a~ a| |~akk m lmc` cokn ov io~) \oe`~ae`| ~dm~ lmc`nmeakq fp|ai`|| eèf`v sopkn f` f`~~`v |`vw`n op~|an` o

~d` loii`| o ~d` loi|~val~aic fp|ai`||) Min |oe`~ae`|+

~d` fp|ai`|| a| f`~~`v |`vw`n a ~d` meakq eèf`v sm| io~

pin`v a~| èxkoq)

Gov ~d` lmc` b``x`v+ v`mn ~d` meakq xm~vamvld+ d` lmi

|`` io svoic ai ì|pvaic ~dm~ mkk ~d` eèf`v| o da|

meakq mv` |m`kq ~plb`n ai|an` ~da| lmc`) Ai ml~+ d` |``|

a~ m| da| np~q ~o ì|pv` ~dm~ mkk da| fvoon mv` xvo~`l~`n)

D` `wì co`| ~d` `t~vm |~`x o fom|~aic mfop~ ~da| ~o

|ola`~q m~ kmvc` min `tx`l~| bpno| voe ~dè ov noaic

|o) \ola`~q |d``xa|dkq ion| a~| d`mn min ~d` |~m~p|

}po a| xv`|`vw`n) Q`~ a~ a| ~da| w`vq ml~ ~dm~ |~ag`| ~d`

|ola`~q f`lmp|` a~ ovl`| ~d` lv`m~aw` eain| ~o f`loe`

npkk min sa~d`v msmq) ]p`|~aoiaic ~da| ai miq smq a|

x`vlàw`n m| fàic picvm~`pk min io~ m| mi txv`||aoi o

na||m~a|ml~aoi sa~d fàic aexva|oi`n)

M `s n`lmn`| mco mi ai~`kkacì~ emi lmkk`n Em|kos

xp~ nosi m kms ~mkbaic mfop~ dpemi f`dmwaopv) A~ sm|

n`xal~`n ai m ~vamick`) d` fo~~oe ~so ~a`v| o ~d` ~vamick`

mv` oon min xvo~`l~aoi % opv fm|al dpemi i``n|) M~ ~d`

~ox o ~dm~ ~vamick` sm| m ~dòvq lmkk`n |`k ml~pmka|m~aoi)

^da| |`k ml~pmka|m~aoi e`mi|+ ai m ip~|d`kk+ ~dm~ ~d`

x`v|oi bios| sdo d` a| min sdm~ d` smi~| ~o no sa~d da|

ka`) Ai o~d`v sovn|+ sdak` d` kow`| da| meakq min dm| mkk

da| fm|al i``n| o oon+ xvo~`l~aoi+ kow` min |pld pkkk`n+

d` koic| ~o |~mfka|d dae|`k m| mi ainawanpmk sdo dm|

e`miaic) ^da| lmiio~ dmxxì ai m lmc`) ^da| v`}pav`| mav

~o fv`m~d` min |xml` ~o |omv) ^da| a|

sdq d` lmp|`| na|vpx~aoi ai ~d` `q`|

o ~d` lmc` b``x`v)

^da| kmlb o pin`v|~minaic o fm|aldpemi i``n| a| m emjov loil`vi ~dm~

opv |ola`~q ep|~ mlbiosk`nc` min

meaka`|+ xmv~alpkmvkq ~do|` sdo mv` ai

fp|ai`|| ~oc`~d`v+ ep|~ loe` ~o cvax|

sa~d) M| dpemi|+ s` |~vaw` ov ~d`

mfaka~q ~o pin`v|~min sdm~ s` mv` min

sd`v` s` loe` voe) A ~dm~ nvaw` a|

oxxv`||`n+ ~dì ~d` an`m o m~~maiaic

|`k%sov~d sakk i`w`v dmxxì min

~dp| s` mkk fmlb oi ~o ~d` an`m o oon min xvo~`l~aoi

m| opv emai nvaw`v|) Eovòw`v+ a~ f`loe`| `m|q ~o mll`x~

~d` xva|oi o m |~m~p| }po min ~d` x`vemiì~ vok` ai ~d`

meakq fp|ai`||+ m| a~ |`vw`| fo~d i``n|)Ai ~da| |a~pm~aoi+ ~d` meakq+ sdald |dopkn f` mi

ainawanpmk| xvo~`l~aoi+ f`loe`| da| xva|oi) A |`~ v``

voe ~da| xva|oi+ sdo bios| sdm~ d` eacd~

mlloexka|d? B`x~ ai ~d` xva|oi+ d` sakk a~d`v na|vpx~ ov

lovvpx~ o~d`v|)

ô xvpi` m ~v`` a| ~o mkkos a~ ~o cvos |~voic`v) Q`| ~d`

xvpi`n fvmild`| eacd~ na` fp~ ~d`q eacd~ f` ~d` epkld

~dm~ mkkos| o~d`v |~voic ~v``| ~o cvos voe a~)

A|i~ ~dm~ mxxvoxvam~`+ loi|an`vaic mkk meaka`| dmw` m

meakq ~v``?

Ea|dmk Bmioo a| n`xp~q ldmavemi og ~d` Bmioo Cvopx)

cfHeo~awm~`)m`

^D@ N@KALM^@ MV OG

XVPIAIC D@ GMEAKQ V@@\mlbaic gmeakq eèf`v| emq |`è kab` ~d` dmvn`|~ ~daic ~o no+ fp~ a~ lopkn f`~d` w`vq ~daic mi pin`vx`vgove`v i``n| ~o v`mld ~dàv xo~ì~amk)Ea|Dmk BmIOO

m ge` cvos

i ipef`v+ eèf`v f``w`~ ~d`v vcd~+io~ xvw`c`+ ~o

f` xv~ og geqfpi`)


15/84


16/84

^D@ LOEE@IÊOI@Q

=7 cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

^vqaic ~o sovb op~ sd`v` s` mv` ai ~d` fp|ai`||

lqlk` a| |`knoe m| `m|q m| a~ km~`v koob| sa~d ~d`

fì`~ o dain|acd~)

\o a~ xmq| ~o dmw` m ka~~k` d`kx voe mi `tx`v~ kab`

Nv Emvl Gmf`v) Da| foob ôeovvos| Cokn dm| m fvakkami~

n`xal~aoi o ~d` |~mc`| o ~d` è`vcaic emvb`~ fp|ai`||

lqlk`+ min a~ a| `m|q ìopcd ~o loilkpn` ~dm~ m~ ~d` eoeì~

Npfma a| |~plb ai ~d` xdm|` |at ov lvm|d |~mc`)

F`qoin ~dm~ xmaipk x`vaon ka`| xdm|`| z`vo min oi`+ min

ml~pmkkq ~d`v` mv` |aci| o ~d` èavm~` ios xalbaic a~|`k

px o ~d` goov sa~d a~| n`f~ v`|~vpl~pvaic xkmi| fp~ o~d`v

|qex~oe| mv` |~akk io~ ~dm~ ìlopvmcaic)

Emiq o ~d` |qex~oe| o xdm|` z`vo m| ldmvml~`va|`n

fq Nv Gmf`v mv` mxxmvì~: ~opva|e a| aexvowaic m~`v m

fac |kpex ai vooe vm~`| min ollpxmilq km|~ q`mv2 ~d`

|~olb emvb`~ dm| f`ì eowaic |an`smq| ov |oe`~ae` min

a| w`vq pin`vwmkp`n2 w`vq `s ovàci pin emimc`v| wa|a~

~d` la~q2 xv`|| d`mnkai`| mv` |~akk w`vq

i`cm~aw 2 lv`na~ a| |~akk ~acd~ f`lmp|`

o ~d` xvofkè| o ~d` xv`waop| fooe2aiw`|~eì~ ai~`v`|~ a| kos m~`v fac

xvo~ mkk| ai 68812 min ~d`v` sm| m fac

op~gos o lmxa~mk km|~ q`mv)

^da| a| mkk |~vmacd~ op~ o Nv Gmf v|

xdm|` z`vo) A~ lopkn f` sov|`) d`v`

a| io pièxkoqeì~ f`lmp|` x`vdmx|

>88+888 loi|~vpl~aoi min v`mk `|~m~`

sovb`v| dmw` coi` doe`) Min emqf`

ov ~dm~ v`m|oi ~d` la~q a| |~akk |m`)

Nosi~osi do~`k| mv` |~vpcckaic fp~ lom|~mk do~`k| mv` pkk)

Gov ~da| ~o eow` oi ~o xdm|` oi`+ ov ~d` |~mv~ o m v`mk

v`low`vq+ ~dì m lm~mkq|~ a| v`}pav`n) ^da| lopkn f` m

|dmvx va|` ai ~d` xval` o mi aexov~mi~ loeeona~q+ ~d`mxxkalm~aoi o mi aexov~mi~ i`s aiiowm~aoi+ m |pnnì

va|` ai `txov~|+ ov ldmic`| ai ~mt min aiw`|~eì~ kms|

|mq| Nv Gmf`v)

D` mnn| ~dm~ o~d`v lm~mkq|~| lopkn f` ~d` pin`v~mbaic

o kmvc`%|lmk` aivm|~vpl~pv` xvoj`l~| ~dm~ aexvow` xos`v

|pxxka`|+ vomn ~vmi|xov~m~aoi min xov~ mlaka~a`| ov ~d`

xvawm~a|m~aoi o ì~av` ainp|~va`|)

Ai ~d` loi~`t~ o Npfma ~d` lm~mkq|~ ov m v`low`vq a|

lpvvì~kq ea||aic) dm~ a| io~ ~o |mq ~dm~ a~ sakk io~ loe`+

x`vdmx| ai km~` 68=8 ov 68== ov km~`v) Ain``n+ a~ a| io~ dmvn

~o |`` sdm~ eacd~ dmxxì)

Oak xval`| lopkn fooe mcmai ai m x`vaon o ckofmk

aigm~aoi m| m v`|pk~ o ~d` eoi`q xvai~aic ~o loefm~ ~d`

v`lì~ imilamk lva|a|) Dacd dqnvolmvfoi xval`| sopkn

vmxankq d`m~ px fp|ai`|| ai Npfma m| ~d` v`caoimk ~vmnaic

min koca|~al| dpf)

^dì mcmai ~d` PM@ a| xv`|ì~kq v`wa`saic a~| kms| oi

ovàci aiw`|~eì~ min ~dm~ sopkn d`kx) \o ~oo sopkn m

eow` ~o piaq ~d` |~olb emvb`~| o ~d` PM@ ai~o m |aick`

~vmnaic xkm~ove)

Xvawm~a|m~aoi ov xmv~amk xvawm~a|m~aoi o ~d` mavkai`+

xov~|+ mavxov~| min xos`v cì`vm~aoi sopkn m~~vml~ mi

aigos o lmxa~mk) Cow`vieì~ n`f~ lopkn f` v`xman)

^dì mcmai aivm|~vpl~pv` aiw`|~eì~| mv` oicoaic

min lv`m~aic m eov` m~~vml~aw` min laì~ pvfmi

ìwavoieì~ ov fp|ai`|| ai Npfma)

^dp| ~d` v`low`vq xvo|x`l~| o Npfma mv` x`vdmx|

vm~d`v ofwaop| min ~d` la~q| p~pv` op~koob mv voe

dox`k`||) Fp~ mkk o ~da| sakk ~mb` ~ae`+ wì a m| |`è|

~o f` ~d` lm|` ~d` cow`vieì~ bios|

sdm~ a~ opcd~ ~o f` noaic ~o |ov~

~daic| op~)V`mnaic ~dvopcd mio~d`v foob ^da|

âe` a| Na`vì~: @acd~ Lì~pva`|

o Gaimilamk Gokkq fq Lmveì E)

Vàidmv~ min Bìi`~d \) Voco a|

m vèain`v ~dm~ ai ~d` aiw`|~eì~

sovkn emibain a| nooe`n ~o v`x`m~

~d` ea|~mb`| o ~d` xm|~ f`lmp|`

|a~pm~aoi| ~dm~ eacd~ f` na`vì~ ~da|

~ae` |`knoe ~pvi op~ ~dm~ smq) Npfma|

v`lì~ fooe%~o%fp|~ a| jp|~ mio~d`v tmexk`)

Ain``n+ sa~d 7> lva|`| ov nm~m ~o nvms pxoi+ ~da|

e`||mc` f`loe`| m ka~~k` s`mvqaic m| ~d` xmc`| vokk oi)

Qop eacd~ ~daib xòxk` sopkn k`mvi voe ~da| da|~ovalmk`tx`vaìl`) Q`~ ~d` loi|~mi~ v`x`~a~aoi o ~da| lqlk`

|pcc`|~| io~) A |o+ ~dì ~d` mimkq|a| xv`|ì~`n ai ^da|

âe` a| Na`vì~ |dopkn f` mfk` ~o xv`nal~ ~d` m~`vem~d

o ~d` xv`|ì~ lva|a|)

^d` mp~dov| no xo|a~ |`w`vmk loilkp|aoi|) Gav|~+ v`mk

`|~m~` xval` lovv`l~aoi| ~ìn ~o ~mb` mi mw`vmc` o |at

q`mv|+ sdak` `}pa~a`| fopil` fmlb sa~dai ~dv``) \`loinkq+

mkk emjov imilamk lva|`| mv` okkos`n fq |pf|~mi~amk

min x`v|a|~ì~ ailv`m|`| ai pièxkoqeì~) Min ~davnkq+

cow`vieì~ n`f~ mksmq| |omv|+ eov` f`lmp|` o ko|~ ~mt`|

~dmi ~dvopcd |~aepkp| |xìnaic)i

X`~`v Loox`v a| ~d` `na~ov og mvmfamieoi`q)i`~

Sovbaic op~ sd`v` s` mv` ai m fp|ai`|| lqlk` a| lva~almk ~o embaic~d` eo|~ og miq |a~pm~aoi m~ miq cawì eoeì~)X@^@V LOOX@V

^dp| ~d v`low`vqxvo|x`l~| og Npfmamv x`vdmx| vm~d`v

ofwaop| min~d la~q| gp~pvòp~koob gmv gvoe

dox`k`||)

GvOE D@ FO^ÔE+@W@vQ^DAIC kOOb| PX


17/84


19/84


20/8468 cpgfpai`)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ LOEE@I^V@MK @\^M^@

^d` Eannk` @m|~ v`mk%`|~m~` emvb`~ dm| pin`vcoi` m

kmvc` lovv`l~aoi v`lì~kq) V`mk `|~m~` a| o~ì eov`

lqlkalmk ~dmi o~d`v emvb`~|+ fàic m~ ~d` ov`voi~ o

fpffk`| oi ~d` smq px min lvm|daic eov` |`w`v`kq

oi ~d` smq nosi) Ai eov` em~pv` emvb`~| fmib| xkmq m

kmvc`v vok` ai xvowanaic loi|~vpl~aoi gimil` min ai nosi

~pvi|+ m| `mld xvoj`l~ a| o~ì ainawanpmkkq |~vpl~pv`n voe

fo~d m k`cmk min gimilamk |~minxoai~ $ioi%v`lopv|` komi|!+

~d` n`w`kox`v dmin| ~d` b`q| ~o ~d` fmib min ~dì smkb|

msmq+ ko|aic sdm~`w`v }pa~q sm| xvowan`n m| s`kk m| |oe`

o ~dàv v`xp~m~aoi)

^d fmib| ~d`vòv xvowan ~d emvb`~ lk`mvaic ml~awa~q

fq ml~aw`kq ginaic i`s fpq`v| fq |`kkaic ~o v`low`v mcmai|~

~dàv komi+ m~ m na|lopi~ a i``n`n ov doknaic oi pi~ak xval`|

dox`pkkq v`low`v) Ai ~d lm| o K`demi Fvo~d`v|+ sd`v`

M'E a| emimcaic ~d sain%nosi+ ~d`

.68 fakkaoi o v`mk `|~m~ m||`~| dmw`

f`ì |xka~ ai~o coon min fmn+ min ai

|oe lm|`| M'E dm| mnwa|`n ~d `|~m~`min of~mai`n mcv`èì~ voe ~d lopv~

~o aiw`|~ ~o loexk`~ |oe xvoj l~| ~o

emtaea| v`low`va`|) d Eannk @m|~

emvb`~ lpvvì~kq dm| oikq m `s xkmq`v|

sa~d |aexk gimilamk |~vpl~pv`| $mk~dopcd

o~ì sa~d ime kìnaic! min v`km~aw`kq

pi~`|~`n k`cmk vme`sovb|) Gpv~d`veov +

fo~d loee`vlamk min v`|anì~amk xvoj l~|

dmw o~ì f`ì gimil`n fq epk~axk in%

p|`v| oi na`vaic xmqeì~ xkmi| vm~d`v ~dmi fmib xvowan`n

loi|~vpl~aoi gimil ) da| emb`| loee`vlamk xvoj l~|

pim~~vml~aw ~o emjov ai~`vim~aoimk na|~v`||`n aiw`|~ov|+ m|

~d`q lmiio~ dmink i`co~am~aoi| sa~d |o emiq xmv~a`|) Ai~`ve| o v`|anì~amk |xml ~d`v a| ~oo epld xkmii`n dacd%ìn

ov kptpvq |xml oi o`v fm|`n oi piv`mka|~al vì~mk vm~`| min

ìn%p|`v| dmw |~oxx`n xmqaic m| x`v ~dàv xmqeì~ xkmi|)

Gpv~d`veov + cow`vieì~| dmw f`ì nvawaic ~d v`mk |~m~`

emvb`~ ov ~dàv osi xoka~almk min n`w`koxeì~mk mcìnm|

m| s`kk m| ~vqaic ~o n`vaw ailoe fo~d voe kmin |mk`| min

fq fàic em|~`v n`w`kox`v|) Sa~d ~d lpvvì~ lv`na~ xv`||pv`

oi |ow`vàci min |èa%|ow`vàci ì~a~a`| ~da| dm| mnn`n q`~

mio~d`v kmq`v o loexk`ta~q)

Dos`w`v ~d` aexm||` meoic |~mb`dokn`v| |`è| ~o f`

lk`mvaic) Loi|~vpl~aoi lo|~| dmw` nvoxx`n fq 68%>8 x`v lì~+

~d` k`cmk |a~pm~aoi a| lk`mv`v+ min n`w kox`v| dmw` |~mv~`n ~o

|da~ voe mwoanaic miq loeepialm~aoi ~o f` ml~aw`) d q

mv` cì`vmkkq xpv|paic gw` |~vm~`ca`| m~`v ~d`q dmw` noi`

~d` n`~mak`n min na|xm||aoim~` mimkq|a| v`}pav`n ~o m||`||

~d` ~vp` wamfaka~q o ~dàv `ta|~aic xvoj`l~| min ~d` lo|~ ~o

loexk`~aoi) Gav|~kq+ ~d`q mv` ~vqaic ~o loi|okanm~` in%p|`v|

ai~o ~dàv osi `ta|~aic wamfk` xvoj`l~| ov lmil`k loi~vml~|

sd`v` xo||afk`) da| a| `|x`lamkkq wanì~ f`~s`ì Npfma

min Mfp Ndmfa) \`loinkq+ ~d`q mv` ldmicaic ~d` n`|aci ov

p|` o m xvoj`l~ ean%smq ~dvopcd loi|~vpl~aoi ~o emb` a~

eov` wamfk`+ sdald s` dmw` |`ì |`w`vmk ~ae`| ai Bpsma~ min

\mpna Mvmfam) ^davnkq+ ~d`q dmw |oe`~ae`| fopcd~ i`skq

loexk`~`n fpaknaic| ov xmv~i`v`n sa~d o~d`v n`w`kox`v| ~o

xvowan` pv~d`v ox~aoi|) da| dm| o~ì sovb`n ov in%p|`v|

sdo dmw` mkv`mnq emn` px voi~ xmqeì~| o f`~s`ì 60%>8

x`v lì~ m| ~d` emvb`~ xval`| x`v |}pmv` oo~ mv` ios 0

x`v lì~ k`||+ |o ~d`v` a| `l~aw`kq |~akk

vooe ov ~d` n`w`kox`v ~o emb` |oe`

xvog~) Ai ~da| lm|` o lopv|` ~d` in%p|`v

ko|`| sdm~ ~d`q dmw` mkv`mnq xman fp~lmi |~akk of~mai m xvox`v~q ai m v`mka|~al

~ae`vme` m~ xo~ì~amkkq m f`~~`v xval`

~dmi ~d`q lopkn mlda`w` ainawanpmkkq)

Gopv~dkq+ |oe n`w`kox`v| mv cawaic

ìn%p|`v| v`pin| ai ~d` ove o lv`na~

io~`| min ~dì embaic m emvb`~ ai

~d`|`+ em~ldaic in%p|`v| ~dm~ smi~ ~o

lm|d op~ sa~d ~do|` ~dm~ mv` sakkaic ~o

xp~ ai eov` lm|d) d` emvb`~ vm~` ov

~d`|` io~`| n`xìn| pxoi ~d` }pmka~q o ~d` n`w`kox`v min

~d` wamfaka~q o ox~aoi| mwmakmfk`+ fp~ ~d`q mv` ai ~d` v`caoi

o m


21/84

LOIGAN@IL@ ai oi`| |~vìc~d| k`mn| ~o L@V^MAI^Q ai oi`| ml~aoi)

A~ a| sa~d ~da| biosk`nc` ~dm~ s` dmw` xvow`n m v`kamfk` \SA\\ xmv~i`v ai XVAWM^@ FMIBAIC) \ail` =300)

da| Aigovem~aoi dm| f`ì na|~vafp~`n fq Lkmvanì K`p M||`~ Emimcèì~ $Npfma! Kaea~`n) V`km~`n gaimilamk xvonpl~| ov |`vwal`| mv` oikq mwmakmfk` ~o xvog`||aoimk lkaì~| sdald }pmkagq m| lkaì~| pin`v ~d` Npfma Gaimilamk \`vwal`| Mp~dova~q vp

mvanì K`p M||`~ Emimcèì~ $Npfma! Kaea~`n a| npkq kalì|`n min v`cpkm~`n fq ~d` Npfma Gaimilamk \`vwal`| Mp~dova~q $NG\M!)

\ S A \ \ X V A W M ^ @ F M I B A I C \ A I L @ = 3 0 0

s s s ) l k m v a n ` i k ` p ) l o e

Lkmvanì K`p M||`~ Emimcèì~ $Npfma! K~n)Npfma Ai~`vim~aoimk Gaimilamk Lì~v`K`w`k


22/84

^D@ LOEE@I^ k`~~`v|Hcpkgfp|ai`||)loe

SMAÂIC GOV SOVN

^d |~ovq Kolb`n ai kaefo $Cpk

Fp|ai`||+ Mxvak 68=8! v`mkkq ~opld`n|oe i`vw`| ov e ) A kaw ai oi o ~d`

xvox`v~a`| eì~aoi`n ai ~d xa`l min

bios v|~%dmin dos vp|~vm~aic ~d`

lpvvì~ |~vm~m kms |a~pm~aoi a|) Xvox`v~q

osi`v| min ~dàv ~ìmi~| mv ko|~ m~

|`m vacd~ ios) @w`vqoi a| sma~aic ov

|oe lkmva~q) A d`mvn ~dm~ ~d ml~pmk Cpk

Fp|ai`|| mv~alk sm| na|~vafp~`n mvopin

fq eq iàcdfopv| sdì ~d`q |ms a~)

PX\ MIN NOSI\

A ijoq`n v`mnaic qopv v`xov~ d` loe`fmlb ban $Cpk Fp|ai`||+

Mxvak 68=8!) A~ |`è| ~o e` ~d` m~`+ fvminaic min emvb`~mfaka~q

o ~d` Cpk| wmvaop| dpf| a| loi|~mi~kq ai pt) Min ~da| mv~alk`|dos`n ~dm~) d` xkml` ~dm~ sm| okn m|daoi`n ov npkk m `s

q`mv| mco % Emimem % a| ios oil` mcmai koobaic mxx`mkaic)

Emimem |mq| a~ dm| mksmq| xvoeo~`n ~vmi|xmvìlq min coon

lovxovm~` cow`vimil` xv`waop| |lminmk| io~sa~d|~minaic)

Min m~ ~d` |me` ~ae`+ ~d` xkml` ~dm~ sm| ~d` ep|~%dmw

kolm~aoi ov gimilamk fp|ai`||`| Npfma a| ko|aic a~| |dai`)

^d` Npfma Ai~`vim~aoimk Gaimilamk Lì~v` sm| |`vaop|kq volb`n

fq m ipef`v o lopv~ lm|`| ~d` Nmem| vmpn min |oe` o a~|

osi `t`lp~aw`| mllp|`n o ea|loinpl~ lm|~aic ai~o nopf~

a~| lv`nafaka~q min |`lpva~q) Fp~ m~ ~d` |me` ~ae`+ m| mi mwanfp|ai`|| v`mn`v+ A io~`n ~dm~ o~d`v e`nam op~k`~| low`v`n ~d`

FIX Xmvafm| @loioeal Op~koob xmi`k pxoi sdald ~d` mv~alk`

sm| fm|`n+ ai na`vì~ smq|) A~ sm| io~ mkk m| xo|a~aw`) \oe`

|man ~dm~ n`|xa~` Fmdvmai| m~~èx~ ~o ios emvb`~ a~|`k m| ~d`

f`~~`v min eov` |`lpv` gimilamk lì~v`+ a~ sakk i`w`v f` mfk` ~o

loex`~` sa~d a~| lm|d%p|d lop|ai| sdo mv` dpicvq ~o fpakn

~dàv biosk`nc` loioea`| min emvb`~|+ |o a~ v`mkkq no`|i~

dmw` epld o m dox`) A io~ Npfma+ ~dì ]m~mv+ ov o~d`v|) ^d`

eovmk o ~d` |~ovq a| xvog~ a| miqoi`| cme`) Io~daic a| |pv`)

^d` ckofmk min v`caoimk `loioea`| mv` |~akk ai ~d` mav min

pi|`~~k`n) Min ~d` lvosi o d` Cpk| Gaimilamk Dpf a| |~akk

pilkmae`n min oxì ~o loi~ìn`v|)

ôem| W``~+ Nodm

Cpkg Fp|ai`||s`kloe`| qopv loeeì~| mfop~ ~d` emcmzai` ov a||p`| v`cmvnaic fp|ai`|| ai ~d` v`caoi) Xk`m|` sva~` ~o: ^d` @na~ov+ Cpkg Fp|ai`||+Eo~awm~` Xpfka|daic+ XO Fot 6 646301


23/84

SAIm K`mnaic @nc` Fp|ai`|| Xmlbwmkp`n m~ P\.68+8880 ^daibXmn

@nc` Io~`foob|

=> % E^EIWX


24/84

G

6> cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

+ Mvmf~`l min Mmfmv |man ai

~so |`xmvm~` |~m~èì~| xo|~`n oi ~d` Npfma min Mfp

Ndmfa fopv|`|)

Io v`m|oi sm| cawì gov ~d` lmil`kkm~aoi og ~d` n`mk+

sdald sm| gav|~ miiopil`n ai Jmipmvq)

A noi~ ~daib ~d` n`mk vm~aoimk` sm| w`vq loiwailaic gvoe

Mmfmv| x`v|x`l~aw`+ dos`w`v A sopkni~ f` |pvxva|`n ag

~d` emvb`~ v`ml~| gmwopvmfkq ~onmq+ \mpn Em|pn+ d`mn og

v`|`mvld min |ìaov v`mk `|~m~` mimkq|~ m~ PF\ ~okn ~d` Smkk

\~v``~ Jopvimk)

Mvmf~`l |man ai Jmipmvq a~ dmn mcv``n ~o |`kk m 38 x`v lì~

|~mb` sov~d .=)3> fakkaoi ~o Mmfmv+ ~d` kmvc`|~ |dmv`dokn`v aiNmaek`v MC $NMA)T@!)

Mvmf~`l dm| f`ì da~ dmvn fq m |`w`v` nosi~pvi ai

Npfma| xvox`v~q emvb`~ sd`v` xval`| dmw` |kpex`n lko|` ~o

08 x`v lì~ min emiq xvoj`l~| mv` oi dokn) ^d` loi|~vpl~aoi

gave a| mk|o oi` og Npfma Sovkn| facc`|~ ~vmn` lv`na~ov| min

m~ ~d` ìn og km|~ q`mv a~ sm| os`n eov` ~dmi .=)60 fakkaoi

fq ~d` loickoe`vm~` min o~d`v PM@%fm|`n n`w`kox`v|)

Mvmf~`l v`xov~`n a~| gav|~ `w`v }pmv~`vkq ko|| m~ ~d` ìn og

6881 mg~`v embaic xvowa|aoi| gov nopf~gpk n`f~|)

^d` fpakn`v a| ailv`m|aickq naw`v|agqaic msmq gvoe

n`xìnìl` oi loi~vml~| ai Npfma min ~d` Pia~`n Mvmf

@eavm~`| sd`v` ~d` fpaknaic ainp|~vq a| pin`v xv`||pv`) A~

v`lì~kq |`~ px pia~| ai ]m~mv min \mpna Mvmfam)Ai Emvld Mvmf~`l lda`g gaimilamk oggal`v Zamn Embdzopea

s`kloe`n cow`vieì~ xkmi| ~o xpex .1)0 fakkaoi ai~o

Npfma Sovkn+ |mqaic a~ vèow`n |oe` og ~d` pil`v~mai~q

|pvvopinaic ~d` fpakn`v| pixman fakk|)

Npfma| eow vma|`n Mvmf~`l| fmvcmaiaic xos`v+ ~d`

emimcèì~ v`mka|`n ~da| sm| io koic`v m coon ogg`v+ |man

Voq Ld`vvq+ m v`mk `|~m~` mimkq|~ m~ Npfma%fm|`n aiw`|~eì~

fmib \dpmm Lmxa~mk) Mk|o Mvmf~`l dm| dmn m |~voic 68=8

|~mv~+ ~d` loexmiq dm| lmx~pv`n ow`v 08 x`v lì~ og opv

`tx`l~`n gpkk q`mv fmlbkoc mnna~aoi|)

^d` Mvmf~`l min Mmfmv n`mk a| ~d` km~`|~ og m ipef`v og

xkmii`n e`vc`v| ~dm~ dmw` f`ì lmkk`n ogg ai ~d` PM@)

\`loin| ~o emb`|ì|` og mkk og kag`|eq|~`va`|

Sdì nan qop kmpild?

S` kmpild`n opv \E\ |`vwal` ~dm~ xvoea|`| ~o mi|s`v miq

}p`|~aoi qop dmw` oi >7>7 ai ~d` PM@ oi Mxvak +=81~oi|

687+>70~oi|

=0+888~oi|*


25/84

Emq 68=8cpkgfp|ai`||)loe 60

R ]M^MV U

Cm| |daxeì~fq Iowèf`v]m~mvcm| ~vmai |at sakk

dmw` a~| gav|~ KIC lmvco

komn`n fq Iowèf`v+ sdak`

~d` gav|~ |daxeì~ og ~vmai

|`wì lopkn f` xo||afk` fq~d` q`mv ìn)

Mde`n Mk Bkpkmaga+

loee`vlamk min |daxxaic

lda`g ox`vm~aic oggal`v

]m~mvcm|+ ~okn i`s|

sav`| ~dm~: S` mv` ai ~d`

xvol`|| og |~mv~aic px

~vmai |at m~ ]m~mvcm| )

Dox`gpkkq ~d` ~vmai |at

sakk f` xvonplaic ~da|q`mv+ emqf` ~d` gav|~ lmvco

a| ai Ol~of`v ov Iowèf`v+

emqf` ~so%~dv`` eoi~d|

mg~`v s` sakk |`` ~d` gav|~

lmvco gvoe ~vmai |`wì)

R OEMI U

Mei`|~q govakk`cmk sovb`v|Mi mei`|~q x`vaon dm|

f`ì `t~ìn`n gov akk`cmk

govàci`v| ai Oemi) ^dÒemia cow`vieì~ a|

mkkosaic pinolpeì~`n

sovb`v| ~o mxxkq gov

mei`|~q min f` n`xov~`n

sa~dop~ xmqaic xìmk~a`|

gov ow`v|~mqaic min gai`|

gov sovbaic sa~dop~

xvox`v nolpeì~|) ^d`

sovb`v| sakk+ dos`w`v+

dmw` ~o xmq gov ~d` lo|~|

og ~dàv oi`%smq ~alb`~ ~o

~dàv lopi~va`| og ovacai)

R BPSMA^ U

P\ v`gp|`|Mcaka~q vì`smkBpsma~a koca|~al| min

~vmi|xov~ loexmiq Mcaka~q

sakk io~ f` cawì mio~d`v

loi~vml~ sa~d ~d` P\

cow`vieì~+ a~ dm| f`ì

miiopil`n+ gokkosaic

oicoaic lopv~ xvol``naic|

f`~s`ì ~d` ~so |an`|)

Mcaka~q a| pin`v

ainal~eì~ ai ~d` P\ gov

mkk`c`nkq ow`vldmvcaic ~d`

eaka~mvq oi m goon |pxxkqloi~vml~ ~dm~ vmi gvoe

688< ~o ~da| q`mv)

^d` loexmiq sm|

v`xkml`n m| xvae`

wìnov og goon ~o ~d`

P\ cow`vieì~ ai Avm}

min Bpsma~ fq mio~d`v

loexmiq oi ~d` loi~vml~)

Pin`v ~d` ainal~eì~+

Mcaka~q sm| mkv`mnq

fmvv`n gvoe saiiaic i`s

P\ msmvn|)

R \MPNA MVMFAM U

Aigkm~aoi px8)0% ai ]=Aigkm~aoi ai \mpna Mvmfam

vo|` 8)0 x`v lì~ ai ~d`

gav|~ }pmv~`v loexmv`n ~o

~d` xv`waop| x`vaon+ sdald

a| gmv f`kos ~d` lì~vmk

fmib| `|~aem~`|+ ~d` |~m~`|

|~m~a|~al| mp~dova~q dm|

v`w`mk`n)

^da| a| f`kos ~d` =)0

x`v lì~ ~d` \mpna Mvmfami

Eoi`~mvq Mcìlq gat`n ai

G`fvpmvq m| m emtaepe}pmv~`v%~o%}pmv~`v cvos~d

xvoj`l~aoi gov ~d` lo|~ og

kawaic ain`t)

R FMDVMAI U

I`s xov~ i`~|fac ga|dAi~`vim~aoimk loi~mai`v

|daxxaic kai` cami~ MXK

dm| f`ì |aci`n oi ~o

|`vwal` Fmdvmai| i`s

^D@ FVA@GAIC^D@ V@CAOI

i

i

i

i

i

i

n``xsm~`v xov~)

MXK ox`vm~aic gvoe

Fmdvmai a| m coon+ coon

|aci+ |man Dm||mi Mk

Emjan+ ~d` nav`l~ov cì`vmk

og Fmdvmai| Cì`vmk

Ovcmia|m~aoi og \`m

Xov~|) A~ |dos| s` mv`

loex`~aic sa~d v`cmvn ~o~vmi||daxeì~)

Bdmkagm Fai \mkemi

Xov~ a| maeaic ~o v`xkalm~`

~d` |pll`|| og emjov

~vmi||daxeì~ lì~v`|

|pld m| Npfma| J`f`k Mka+

sdald |`vw`| kmvc` ol`mi%

coaic w`||`k|+ pikomnaic

loi~mai`v| min v`komnaic

~dè oi ~o |emkk`v lvmg~ ~o

|`vw` v`caoimk xov~|)

R PM@ UEpfmnmkm |dvaib|Eaim Zmq`n^d` |~vm~`cal aiw`|~eì~

mve og Mfp Ndmfa %

Epfmnmkm N`w`koxeì~ %

dm| nosi|az`n a~|

Eaim Zmq`n xvoj`l~ ai

m i`s n`|aci)

Jodi ^doem|+ ~d`

`t`lp~aw` nav`l~ov og

Epfmnmkm V`mk @|~m~`

min Do|xa~mka~q+ ~okn kolmke`nam ~dm~ ~d` loexmiq

sm| v`xkmlaic xkmi| gov m

=3+888%|`m~ mvìm min o~d`v

kmvc` |~vpl~pv`| sa~d kos%

va|` fpaknaic|+ v`|~mpvmi~|

min v`|anì~amk mxmv~eì~|)

S` f`ka`w` ~dm~ xmv~

og ~d` xvoj`l~ |dopkn f`

eov` ml~aw` min smkbmfk`+

^doem| |man) ^d` xvoj`l~

a| m fa~ eov` dpemi

|lmk` ios)


26/84

G

67 cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8


RMWAM AOI U

Mavkai`| ko|~ eov` ~dmi .=)3fi ~o m|d lkopnMavkai`| mvopin ~d` sovkn

ko|~ |oe` .=)3 fakkaoi ai

v`wìp` ~o lmil`kk`n gkacd~|

lmp|`n fq m woklmial m|d

lkopn mfow` @pvox`+ sdak`

oi` Cpkg mavkai` mkoi` emq

dmw` ko|~ .38 eakkaoi ~o ~d`

s``b%koic lva|a|)

Gov mi ainp|~vq ~dm~

ko|~ .1)> fakkaoi km|~ q`mv

min sm| gov`lm|~ ~o ko|`

m gpv~d`v .6)4 fakkaoi

ai 68=8+ ~da| lva|a| a|

n`wm|~m~aic+ Ai~`vim~aoimk

Mwam~aoi min ^vmi|xov~

Mp~dova~q $AM^M! nav`l~ov

cì`vmk min lda`g `t`lp~aw`

Caowmiia Fa|acimia |man aim |~m~èì~+ mnnaic ~dm~ a~

sakk kab`kq ~mb` ~d` mavkai`

ainp|~vq m~ k`m|~ ~dv`` q`mv|

~o v`low`v gvoe ~d` lva|a|)

Eo|~ og @pvox`| mav|xml`

lko|`n oi Mxvak =0 mg~`v m

dpc` m|d lkopn gvoe mi

Al`kminal woklmio |xv`mn

op~+ |~vminaic eakkaoi| og

xm||ìc`v| min xmvmkq|aic

mav ~vmw`k sovknsan`)

Oi ~d` ~dv`` nmq| gvoe

Mxvak =3 ~o Mxvak =1+ sdì

~d` mav ~vmggal na|vpx~aoi|

s`v` ~d` facc`|~+ ko|~

v`wìp`| v`mld`n .>88

eakkaoi x`v nmq+ AM^M |man)

M~ a~| sov|~+ ~d` lva|a|

mgg`l~`n 61 x`v lì~ og

ckofmk mwam~aoi min =)6eakkaoi xm||ìc`v| m nmq)

^ì og ~dop|min|

og xm||ìc`v| gopin

~dè|`kw`| |~vmin`n ai

~d` Cpkg| mwam~aoi dpf|)

@eavm~`|+ ~d` PM@| e`cm%

lmvva`v+ dmn |man a~ sm|

ko|aic .=8 eakkaoi m nmq

ai ko|~ gkacd~ v`wìp`+

min dm| dmn ~o xmq .=

eakkaoi m nmq ~o xp~ px

|~vmin`n xm||ìc`v|)

Im~aoimk gkmc|dax @~admn

Mavkai`| |man a~ ~oo sm|

do|~aic ~dop|min| og

xm||ìc`v|+ ~dopcd a~

n`lkai`n ~o loeeì~ oi

~d` lo|~ og ~d` m|d lkopn|

gkacd~ lmil`kkm~aoi|) ]m~mv

Mavsmq|+ Oemi Mav minCpkg Mav dmw` mk|o dmn

emiq nozì| og gkacd~

lmil`kkm~aoi|) Fpnc`~

lmvva`v Mav Mvmfam |man

a~ sopkn f` naggalpk~ gov

miq mavkai` ~o }pmi~agq a~|

ko||`| ~onmq)

Miq gaimilamk aexml~

`|~aem~aoi| vacd~ ios mv`

jp|~ m gaic`v ai ~d` mav+

Mn`k Mka+ lda`g `t`lp~aw`

oggal`v og Mav Mvmfam ~okn

kolmk e`nam)

R ^@K@LOE U

.636e ~o gpinnp aigvm|~vpl~pv`^d` PM@| |`loin ~`k`loe|

ì~vmi~ np a| |``baic m

.636)< eakkaoi vacd~| a||p`

~o gpin a~| eofak` min

fvomnfmin aigvm|~vpl~pv`

xkmi|)

^d` ox`vm~ov sakk f`

doknaic mi `t~vmovnaimvq

cì`vmk e``~aic oi Emq

== gov a~| |dmv`dokn`v| ~o

mxxvow` ~d` vacd~| a||p`)

R V@MK @\^M^@ U

Mfp Ndmfa lp~|eov~cmc` vm~Èov~cmc` vm~`| dmw` f`ì

|km|d`n ai Mfp Ndmfa ~o0)30 x`v lì~ m| xmv~ og mi

`ggov~ ~o |xmvb m xval` smv

meoic eov~cmc`)

Mfp Ndmfa Gaimil` |mq|

a~ dm| |`ì dpc` nèmin

|ail` mnw`v~a|aic a~| vm~`+

sdald dm| f`ì v`npl`n

gvoe 4)0 x`v lì~)

S` v`mkkq dox` s`

lmi |~aepkm~` v`mk

`|~m~` emvb`~|+ Mka @an

mk E`dmava+ ~d` gave|

ldmavemi ~okn kolmk e`nam)

RWA\M U

]m~mv n`kmq|wa|m vpk`^d` san`kq%lva~ala|`n xkmi|

~o |lvmx ]m~mva wa|m%oi%

mvvawmk| gov ~d` im~aoimk|

og


27/84


R ^@K@LOE U

Ovm|loe/Gvmil`^ k`loe ~vpl`Mi mcv`èì~ dm| f`ì

|aci`n f`~s`ì Ovm|loe

^ k`loe min Gvmil`

^`k`loe+ ìnaic m koic k`cmk

na|xp~` ow`v ~d` @cqx~ami

Loexmiq gov Eofak`

\`vwal`| $@LE\!+ ai sdald

~d`q mv` joai~ |dmv`dokn`v|)

^d` mcv`èì~+ fvob`v`n

fq ~d` @cqx~ami eaia|~vq

og loeepialm~aoi| min

A^+ sakk io~ ldmic` ~d`

osi`v|dax ov emimcèì~

og @LE\+ ~d` xmvì~

loexmiq og Eofaiak

^`k`loe) ^d` |`~~kèì~

ìn| m ~dv``%q`mv na|xp~`)

RE@NAM U

Emb~oof emb`|FFL dav`Qmdoo| Eannk` @m|~ pia~

dm| |imcc`n ~d` d`mn og

~d` FFL Mvmfal Do|me

@k \obbmva+ sdo dm|

v`|aci`n gvoe ~d` Fva~a|d

fvomnlm|~ cami~ ~o ~mb`

oi ~d` i`s vok`)

@k \obbmva a| mi @cqx~ami

jopvimka|~ min fvomnlm|~`vmin sm| ~d` gav|~ Mvmf ~o

k`mn ~d` FFL Mvmfal |`vwal`

|ail` a~| kmpild ai =1 ai ~d`

gav|~ }pmv~`v og 68=8)

^d` v`xov~ oi ~d` ain`t|man ~dm~ ~d` emjova~q

og fp|ai`|| `t`lp~aw`|

|`` kìnaic m~~a~pn` og

fmib| aexvowaic+ m fac

|dag~ gvoe ~d` ]= |pvw`q+

mk~dopcd eo|~ io~` ~dm~

komi mxxvowmk v`}pavèì~|

mv` eov` |~vaicì~) \mpna

`t`lp~aw`| mv` `qàic dacd`v

|mk`| min ~d` wm|~ emjova~q

og fp|ai`||`| `tx`l~

v`wìp`| ~o cvos+ mk~dopcd

mkeo|~ dmkg |~akk `tx`l~

aiwì~ova`| min xvonpl~aoi

lmxmla~q ~o |~mq |~`mnq ov

gmkk) Eov` ~dmi 78 x`v lì~

og loexmia`| mv` xkmiiaic

~o dav` i`s èxkoq``|+ ~d`

v`xov~ gopin)


^d Mfp Ndmfa cow`vieì~|

aiw`|~eì~ mve Epfmnmkm

N`w`koxeì~ Loexmiq dm|

|`~ ~`ve| gov m .6 fakkaoi

v`wokwaic lv`na~ gmlaka~q a~

a| vì`saic sa~d m fmib

loi|ov~ape+ sa~d ~d`

i`s n`mk aiwokwaic mfop~

68 kìn`v|+ a~ dm| f`ì

na|lko|`n)S w |`~ ~d ~`ve|+ a~|

Rgaimka|m~aoi a|U aeeaiì~kq

np ) S v mkeo|~ ~sal`

ow`v|pf|lvaf`n+ Lmvko|

Ofman+ Epfmnmkm lda`g

gaimilamk oggal`v |man) ^d`

`ta|~aic .6 fakkaoi komi a|

xval`n =3)0 fm|a| xoai~| ow`v

Koinoi ai~`vfmib ogg`v`n

vm~ + ov Kafov)

Mfop~ 68 fmib| dmw`

|aci`n px gov ~d` i`s komi+

sdald Epfmnmkm `tx`l~| ~o

|aci min loilkpn` sa~dai

~d` i`t~ g`s nmq|) ^d` i`s

gmlaka~q ~o~mk| .6)0 fakkaoi+ailkpnaic m .088 eakkaoi

`pvo%loee`vlamk xmx`v+

ov @LX+ fmlb|~ox gmlaka~q+

Ofman |man)

Epfmnmkm `mvka`v ~da| q`mv

|`~ px mi @LX xvocvmee`

~o naw`v|agq a~| gpinaic

|opvl`|) d` xvocvmee` a|

vm~`n Xvae`%= fq Eoonq|

Aiw`|~ov| \`vwal`)

Epfmnmkm+ sdald aiw`|~|

|~vm~`calmkkq oi f`dmkg og

Mfp Ndmfa ai m vmic` og

|`l~ov|+ dmn a~| koic%~`ve

lv`na~ vm~aic lp~ ai Emvld

fq Eoonq| Aiw`|~ov|\`vwal` ~o Mm


29/84


30/84


31/84

Emq 68=8pkp|i`||)loe


32/84


33/84

^D@ FVA@GAIC`eXKoQe`I^ |DAG^|

Emq 68=8cpkgfp|ai`||)loe


34/84 cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ FVA@GAIC AEXOV^ @TXOV^\

Npfma Lp|~oe|+ sdald

xvol`||`| fakkaoi| o nokkmv|

ai mav+ |`m min kmin%fm|`n

vàcd~ mld q`mv min

mneaia|~`v| oi` o ~d` sovkn| fp|a`|~

lmvco dpf|+ dm| vokk`n op~ ~d` |`loin

xdm|` o a~| mp~oem~`n n`lkmvm~aoi

|q|~è+ Eav|mk 6) ^da| emb`| Npfma

Lp|~oe| ~d` v|~ o ~d` eavm~`|

cow`vieì~ n`xmv~eì~| ~o aexkèì~

m pkkq k`l~voial |q|~è+ ai kai` sa~d

Npfma| 68=0 |~vm~`cal xkmi)

Aexvowaic |`lpva~q |~minmvn| sm|

meoic ~d` b`q v`m|oi| ov ~d` emjov

pxcvmn` voe ~d` ta|~aic Eav|mk

|q|~è+ sdald sm| v|~ aexkèì~`n ai

=110 min dm| pin`vcoi` ldmic`| |ail`

~dì) Eav|mk 6 fvaic| Npfma ai kai` sa~d

Sovkn Lp|~oe| Ovcmia|m~aoi $SLO!

v`}pavèì~| v`km~aic ~o ìovlèì~+

loexkamil` min mi~a%xavmlq e`m|pv`|)

\x`mbaic m~ ~d` kmpild o ~d`

i`s |q|~è+ Mde`n Fp~~a Mde`n+

Npfma Lp|~oe| nav`l~ov cì`vmk min

`t`lp~aw` ldmavemi o ~d` Xov~|+Lp|~oe| min Gv`` Zoi` Lovxovm~aoi+

èxdm|a|`n a~| |`lpva~q lv`nì~amk|)

Sdm~ a| pia}p mfop~ ~d |q|~è a|

~d ml~ ~dm~ a~| va|b m||`||eì~ ìcai`

kaib| ~d n`xmv~eì~ sa~d kolmk+ v`caoimk

min ai~`vim~aoimk ovcmia|m~aoi| min

ì~a~a`|+ sdald xvowan aiovem~aoi ~o

~d nm~mfm| + d |man)

^da| |q|~è a| n`w`kox`n ~o

loiove sa~d sovkn| f`|~ xvml~al`+

ailkpnaic ~d` v`}pavèì~| o ~d`

SLO+ Mde`n |man+ mnnaic ~dm~ a~

ìmfk`| ~d` `k`l~voial |aciaic o~vmi|ml~aoi| p|aic naca~mk |acim~pv`|)

Eav|mk 6 sm| n`w`kox`n ow`v

m ~dv`` q`mv x`vaon+ sa~d Npfma

Lp|~oe|+ sovbaic ai lokkmfovm~aoi

sa~d m ipef`v o |~mb`dokn`v| sdo

aexov~+ txov~ min ~vmi|`v coon|

wam Npfma) Loexva|aic m vmic` o

lp|~oe| |`vwal`| ailkpnaic va|b

emimcèì~+ v`ca|~vm~aoi+ kalì|aic

min `%xmqeì~+ a~ `k`l~voialmkkq kaib|

Npfma Lp|~oe| ai~o o~d`v cow`vieì~

mneaia|~vm~aoi|)

~vmi|xov~`v| lmvvqaic |emkk`v lmvco`|

lmi ios f` xvol`||`n eov` }palbkq

~dmi ~do|` sa~d facc`v xmqkomn|)

Npfma Lp|~oe| lkmae| ~dm~+ ov

lkaì~|+ ~d` i``n ov xmx`vsovb dm|

f`ì v`npl`n min ai emiq lm|`|

`kaeaim~`n+ nvm|~almkkq lp~~aic

xvol`||aic ~ae`| min imfkaic vopin%

~d`%lkolb lk`mvmil` xvol`npv`|)

Dos`w`v+ mllovnaic ~o kolmk e`nam

v`xov~| ai ~d` s``b| okkosaic ~d`

ai~vonpl~aoi o Eav|mk 6+ ~d`v` dmw`f`ì |oe` mvkq ~``~daic xvofkè|)

Emiq aexov~`v| o |`loin%dmin

lmv|+ ox`vm~aic op~ o ~d` Npfma Lmv|

min Mp~oeo~aw` Zoi` $Nplmez!+ dmw`

loexkmai`n ~d` i`s |q|~è v`}pav`|

eov` aiovem~aoi ~dmi ~d`q dmw`

v`mnakq mwmakmfk`) Pin`v ~d` ovacaimk

Eav|mk |q|~è+ mp~oeo~aw` ~vmn`v|

s`v` v`}pav`n ~o mi|s`v |at }p`|~aoi|

ov |mk`| ~vmi|ml~aoi| ~o ~mb` xkml`)

Eav|mk 6 v`}pav`| v`|xoi|`| ~o

f`~s`ì 60 min >8 }p`|~aoi|)

Sa~d ~d` mp~oeo~aw` |`l~ov fàicoi` o ~d` ainp|~va`| eo|~ loeeoikq

m||olam~`n sa~d kmvc`%|lmk` ~d`~ min

v`fav~daic+ a~ |`è| ~d` mnna~aoimk

|`lpva~q e`m|pv`| dmw` ~dvosi px

|oe` vomnfkolb|) Dos`w`v+ ~da| a| io~

Pimllp|~oe`n ldmic`^d` i`skq kmpild`n |`loin cì`vm~aoi og Npfma Lp|~oe| `k`l~voial v`ca|~vm~aoi |q|~è+Eav|mk 6+ dm| m ko~ ~o kaw` px ~o+ CK@II GV@@EMI v`xov~|)

^da| |q|~è a| n`w`kox`n ~o loigovesa~d sovkn| f`|~ xvml~al`+ ailkpnaic ~d`

v`}pavèì~| og ~d` SLO)

Mllovnaic ~o Npfma Lp|~oe|+

koncaic o nolpeì~|+ sdald ai ~d`xm|~ sopkn o~ì ~mb` dopv| ov nmq|+

lmi ios f` loexk`~`n ai m em~~`v o

eaip~`| p|aic Eav|mk 6) P|`v| lmi

`k`l~voialmkkq xv`%n`lkmv` coon| fòv`

~d`q mvvaw` ai Npfma+ `kaeaim~aic ~d`

ì~av`kq pi`tx`l~`n+ cawì ~d` fvomn|lox` o Eav|mk 6+ sdald a| pin`vcoaic

vìèì~| min mnjp|~eì~| oi mi

oicoaic fm|a|)

^d`v` mv` lpvvì~kq mvopin =80+888

v`ca|~`v`n lkaì~| m~ Npfma Lp|~oe|+

ailkpnaic vàcd~ ovsmvn`v|+ |daxxaic

loexmia`|+ aexov~`v| min txov~`v|)

Meoic ~d`|` mv` cvopx| |pld m|

Mk ^mq`v Koca|~al|+ Mvmemt min m

vm~ o o~d`v kmvc`+ dacdkq lmxa~mka|`n

loexmia`| o ~d` v`caoi)

cfHeo~awm~`)m`

i``n ~o emipmkkq xv`|ì~ xmx`vsovbm~ m lp|~oe| lì~v` oi mvvawmk)

^d` i`s |q|~è a| ai~ìn`n ~o

xvowan` m|~`v xvol`||aic o vàcd~

~vmi|xov~`n ~dvopcd Npfma+ sdald

mllopi~| ov mvopin 30 x`v lì~ o mkk

PM@ lmvco) Gov |daxxaic loexmia`|+

oi` o ~d` emjov fì`~| a| ~dm~ ~d`

i`s |q|~è na`vì~am~`| f`~s`ì

loi~mai`v |az`|) Ai ~d` xm|~+ mkk s`v`

|pfj`l~ ~o ~d` |me` xvol`||aic

~ae`| min emipmk xvol`npv`|) P|aic

~d` xmx`vk`|| |q|~è o Eav|mk 6+


35/84

^D@ FVA@GAIC V@MK @\^M^@

Emq 68=8cpkgfp|ai`||)loe 3 fakkaoi n`mksa~d ~d` Mfp Ndmfa Pvfmi Xkmiiaic

Lopilak $PXL! ~o n`w`kox =+


36/84

]m~mv Im~aoimk Fmib ]pmv~`vkq V`|pk~|

\ail` ~d` |~mfka|de`i~ og ]m~mv Im~aoimk Fmib $]IF! ai =17>+ a~ dm| f`loe`

oi` og ~d` kmvc`|~ min gm|~`|~ cvosaic imilamk ai|~a~p~aoi| ai ~d` E@IM

v`caoi+ sa~d m xv`|`il` ai 66 lopi~va`| mvopin ~d` sovkn)

]IF dm| mgve`n a~| k`mnaic xo|a~aoi fq mlda`waic mi aexv`||aw` 60)


37/84Emq 68=8cpkfp|ai`||)loe


38/846 x`v lì~ ai

6883) Dos`w`v+ ailkpnaic ~d` kmvc` ko||

m~ Cpk Gaimil` Dop|` $|`` ldmv~!+ ~d`

v`~pvi oi m||`~| ai 6881 sm| m kos`v

= x`v lì~

va|` ai `}pa~q+ @eavm~`| IFN vo|` ~o

vmib v|~ ov lmxa~mk voe m xv`waop|

xo|a~aoi o ~davn) A~| xvo~mfaka~q x`v%

ovemil` sm| |~akk eov` ~dmi v`|x`l~%

mfk` cawì ~d` ox`vm~aic ìwavoieì~+fp~ m 1 x`v lì~ n`lkai` ai i`~ xvo~

|ms a~ mkk ~o |at~d xkml` voe ~davn ai

~`ve| o i`~ xvo~)

Oil` mcmai+ \mpna Mvmfam| Mk Vmjda

Fmibaic min Aiw`|~eì~ Lovxovm~aoi

sm| fq mv ~d` kmvc`|~ fmib ai ~d` CLL

ai ~`ve| o i`~ xvo~+ va|aic emvcaimkkq

fq > x`v lì~ ai ~d` q`mv ~o .=)4 fakkaoi)

A~| v`~pvi oi m||`~| vèmai`n oi` o

~d` dacd`|~ m~ >)== x`v lì~) Ai ~`ve| o

~da| qmvn|~alb+ ~d` eo|~ xvo~mfk` fmib

meoic|~ ~d` CLL 08 a| ]m~mv| Mk Vmq%

mi Fmib m~ m w`vq dacd 0)60 x`v lì~+okkos`n lko|`kq fq PM@| VMB fmib

m~ 0)6= x`v lì~) O~d`v w`vq xvo~mfk`

fmib| ailkpn`n ]m~mv A|kmeal Fmib m~

x`v lì~ v`~pvi oi m||`~|)

Mk~dopcd m coon ~pvi mvopin sm| |`ì

m~ Fmdvmai%d`mn}pmv~`v`n Mvmf Fmib%

aic Lovxovm~aoi+ sdald mlda`w`n i`~

xvo~ o .=0> eakkaoi ai 6881 okkosaic

m ko|| o .4 x`v lì~ ai

6881 ~o vml~aoimkkq ow`v .=)80 ~vakkaoi)

^d` cvos~d loexmv`| ~o =0 x`v lì~ai 6884 min


39/84Emq 68=8cpkfp|ai`||)loe


40/84>8 cpkfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

^D@ FP\AI@\\CLL ox 08 Fmib|

~ox 08 cll FmiB| 6881 vmiB`n Fq ~o~mk m||`~| $.888|!Vmib6881

6884Vmib

FMIB IME@ Lopi~vq Q mv@in`n

Lpvv`i~M||`~| 81

Xv`waop|M||`~| 84

Cvos~dQOQ $%!

I`~ Xvog~ 81 VOM$%!

= = @eavm~`| IFN PM@ =6/81 37+361 466+43= =)4 < \MEFM \)Mvmfam =6/81 >1+01>+03+38>+ 6)00

0 4 ]m~mv Im~aoimk Fmib ]m~mv =6/81 >1+=14+780 >=+31+811 6)30

7 3 Vaqmn Fmib \)Mvmfam =6/81 >3+=07+30= >6+03>+883 =8)37 4=8+=0+7>=+==8 >>+3=0+1>8 >+881+138 >+>07+060 %=8)86 %=18+388 %>)64

>1 >4 Bpsma~ Ai~`vim~aoimk Fmib Bpsma~ =6/81 8+>67 6)43 %64+061 %8)3>

08 % Fmib Ndogmv Oemi =6/81


41/84

Sd`v` ~d` sovkn

loe`| ~o fmib

Sa~d m cvosaic i`~sovb og ==8 fvmild`| min 708 MÊ|+ ow`v oi` eakkaoi lp|~oe`v| ai

~d` PM@ ijoq opv `t~ì|aw` xov~gokao og |`vwal`|+ fmlb`n fq op~|~minaic tx`v~a|` min

kolmk biosk`nc`) Kolmkkq min ai~`vim~aoimkkq+ xòxk` min fp|ai`||`| mv` i~vp|~aic

@eavm~`| IFN sa~d ~dàv pia}p` fmibaic min gaimilamk emimcèì~ i``n|)

^da| a| sdq @eavm~`| IFN a| sd`v` ~d` sovkn loe`| ~o fmib)

Gov eov` aigovem~aoi oi miq og opv |`vwal`|+ xk`m|` wa|a~ sss)èavm~`|ifn)loe




~ox 08 cll FmiB| 6881 vmiB`n Fq ~o~mk lmxa~mk $.888|!Vmib6881

6884Vmib

FMIB IME@ Lopi~vq Q mv@in`n

Lpvv`i~M||`~| 81

Xv`waop|M||`~| 84

Cvos~dQOQ $%!

I`~ Xvog~ 81 VOM$%!

= < @eavm~`| IFN PM@ =6/81 4+3==+3 3+86 1=8+336 =8)>7

6 = Im~aoimk Loee`vlamk Fmib \)Mvmfam =6/81 3+4+660 3+6+488 7)71 =+848+8=6 = Vaqmn Fmib \)Mvmfam =6/81 3+0>4+=3= 7+408+343 =8)=4 4=8+=8 =6)87 16+06>+487 )>7

3 3 \MEFM \)Mvmfam =6/81 7+8=0+ =+6=3+6>> 68)6>

4 == Im~aoimk Fmib og Mfp Ndmfa PM@ =6/81 0+071+78 >+03=+801 =1)43 =+=>1+811 68)13

=8 7 Bpsma~ Gaimil` Dop|` Bpsma~ =6/81 0+>04+=18 0+700+>66 %1 608+88 >+3+030 =+7 =73+

63 63 Mk Vmqmi ]m~mv =6/81 =+7 6>=+783 =>)33

64 Loee`vlamk Fmib og Bpsma~ Bpsma~ =6/81 =+067+10< =+378 %=)68 6 =)04

4 =+678= =3)>> 3=+)4=

88 7>=+6 0>+488 4)>7 >3 Im~aoimk Fmib og Fmdvmai Fmdvmai =6/81 7>=+1>8 034+=08 ==)8< ==

>3 08 Fmib og Fmdvmai min Bpsma~ Fmdvmai =6/81 7=>+>>> 000+810 =8)71 10 =0)=7

>4 >7 Bpsma~ Ai~`vim~aoimk Fmib Bpsma~ =6/81 788+8>0 040+=87 6)00 %64+061 %>)30

>1 >< PCF Fmdvmai =6/81 036+)=3

08 % Mdka Fmib og ]m~mv ]m~mv =6/81 008+8>7 =0)


43/84


44/84>> cpkfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8


~ox 08 cll FmiB| ~o~mk i`~ xvoga~ $.888|!Vmib6881

Vmib6884

FMIB IME@ Lopi~vq Q`mv@in`n

I`~ Xvog~6881

I`~ Xvog~6884

Cvos~dQOQ $%!

= = Mk Vmjda Fmibaic min Aiw`|~e`i~ Lovxovm~aoi \)Mvmfam =6/81 =+481+83< =+3 > =+=43+718 6)>1

< > ]m~mv Im~aoimk Fmib ]m~mv =6/81 =+=>1+811 =+88)00

> =< Im~aoimk Loee`vlamk Fmib \)Mvmfam =6/81 =+848+8=6 07=+410 16)6=

0 0 Im~aoimk Fmib og Bpsma~ Bpsma~ =6/81 16

=> =3 ]m~mv A|kmeal Fmib ]m~mv =6/81 0=+=6> %=1)78

=0 => Npfma A|kmeal Fmib PM@ =6/81


45/84




~ox 08 cll FmiB| 6881 vmiB`n Fq loPi~vq $.888!Vmib6881

6884Vmib

FMIB IME@ Q`mv@in`n

Lpvv`i~M||`~| 81

Xv`waop|M||`~| 84

Cvos~dQOQ $%!

I`~ Xvog~ 81 VOM$%!

Fd

= = Mvmf Fmibaic Lovxovm~aoi =6/81 60+170+888 64+>47+888 %4)40 =0>+888 8)0>

6 < Mdka Pia~`n Fmib =6/81 6< 0>+488 =)=3

< % Fmib Ndogmv =6/81 +163 =7+4=3+117 6)>4

< > Nodm Fmib =6/81 =6+768+863 =8+3=6+=78 =3)4= 673+=87 6)>1

> 0 ]m~mv A|kmeal Fmib =6/81 =8+33>+>8< 1+6=6+766 =7)10 =+783 0)60

7 7 Mdka Fmib og ]m~mv =6/81 0+87=+784 >+444+074 46+>>7 =)71

3 % Mk Bdmkaj Loee`vlamk Fmib =6/81 >+483+381 7)01 >0+413 =)>8

|p mf= = Im~aoimk Loee`vlamk Fmib =6/81 74+4=8+708 01+=>3+=1< =7) =+848+8=6 =)41+01>+03+38>+ 6)00

< > Vaqmn Fmib =6/81 >3+=07+30= >6+03>+883 =8)37 4=8+= < Mk Vmjda Fmibaic min Aiw`|~e`i~ Lovxovm~aoi =6/81 >0+7>=+==8 >


47/84



^D@ FP\AI@\\A\KMEAL GAIMIL@

Gataic ~d` lvmlb|

^d` i`mv%n`mpk~ oi Imbd``k|

.> fakkaoi |pbpb A|kmeal foinai N`lèf`v 6881 dm| o%

lp|`n m~~ì~aoi oi ~d` ldmk%

kìc`| mlaic ~d` A|kmeal imil` ai%

np|~vq m| ~d` ckofmk `loioeq è`vc`|

voe a~| sov|~ v`l`||aoi ai n`lmn`|)

Dmn Imbd``k n`mpk~`n oi ~d` |pbpb+ a~

sopkn dmw` f`ì ~d` kmvc`|~ n`mpk~ oi

mi A|kmeal foin w`v+ min ~d` ainp|~vq

sopkn dmw` f`ì ai pildmv~`v`n ~`vva%

~ovq ai ~`ve| o dos ~d` n`f~ sopkn f`

v`|~vpl~pv`n min sdm~ vacd~| $a miq!

~d` |pbpb dokn`v| dmn ow`v ~d` m||`~|

o Imbd``k ov a~| xmvì~ loexmiq+ Np%fma Sovkn) Ai ~d` wì~+ ~d` km|~ eaip~`

.=8 fakkaoi fmakop~ fq Mfp Ndmfa mk%

kos`n Imbd``k ~o mwoan m n`mpk~ ~dm~

lopkn dmw` n`mk~ m |`w`v` fkos ~o ~d`

ì~av` A|kmeal imil` ainp|~vq+ sdald

dm| |`ì xdìoeìmk cvos~d ai v`lì~

q`mv|+ xmv~alpkmvkq ai ~d` Eannk` @m|~)

Fp~ ~d` }p`|~aoi| ow`v dos ~d` A|kme%

al imil` ainp|~vq sopkn dmw` n`mk~

sa~d m n`mpk~+ min dos miq cpmvmi%

~``| ~o |pbpb%dokn`v| sopkn dmw` f`ì

ìovl`n+ vèmai pimi|s`v`n)

Ai ~dòvq+ A|kmeal fmib| min imilamkai|~a~p~aoi| |dopkn dmw` f`ì kmvc`kq

ai|pkm~`n voe ~d` imilamk lva|a| o

6884%6881) \ail` A|kmeal imilamk ai%

|~a~p~aoi| mv` io~ x`vea~~`n ~o p|` n`%

vawm~aw`| ov ainpkc` ai `tl`||aw` va|b

~mbaic+ ~d`q nan io~ dmw` `txo|pv` ~o

~d` dacd va|b |pf%xvae` eov~cmc` emv%

b`~+ ~d` lokkmx|` o sdald ~vacc`v`n ~d`

lva|a| min fvopcd~ ~d` ckofmk imilamk

|q|~è ~o a~| bi``| km|~ q`mv) Ai ml~+

sdì ~d` `t~ì~ o ~d` lva|a| f`lme`

`wanì~ ai 6884 emiq mimkq|~| |pc%

Ios ~dm~ ~d` iow`k~q min ~d` dqx` dm| |aee`v`n nosi+ ~d` A|kmeal gimil`

ainp|~vq ep|~ ~mlbk` |~vpl~pvmk s`mbi`||`| ~o cvos) CPKG FP\AI@\\ v`xov~|)

c`|~`n A|kmeal imil` min fmibaic

lopkn f` |`ì m| m xo~ì~amk mk~`vim%~aw` ~o ~d` loiwì~aoimk |q|~è+ m i`s

imilamk sovkn ovn`v)

Gm|~%ovsmvn |`w`vmk eoi~d|+ min

~d` xal~pv` sm| }pa~` na`vì~) Mk%

~dopcd A|kmeal fmib| s`v` v`km~aw`kq

pi|lm~d`n voe ~d` v|~ vopin o ~d`

imilamk lva|a|+ ~d`q s`v` io~ aeepi`

~o ~d` biolb%oi aexml~ ~d` lva|a| dmn

oi o~d`v m||`~ min loeeona~q xval`|

min ~d` v`mk `loioeq) A|kmeal fmib|+

xmv~alpkmvkq ai ~d` Cpk+ dmn kmvc` `t%

xo|pv`| ~o ~d` v`mk `|~m~` min `}pa~q

emvb`~| ~dm~ |p`v`n emjov ko||`|`mvka`v ~da| q`mv) Ai mnna~aoi+ ~d` kmlb

o ka}pana~q ai ~d` emvb`~ m`l~`n A|%

kmeal fmib| m| epld m| a~ nan loiwì%

~aoimk oi`|)

~d` A|kmeal imil` ainp|~vq ow`v ~d`

km|~ q`mv dmw` fvopcd~ |`w`vmk xvofkè|~o ~d` ov`+ min ovl`n ~d` ainp|~vq ~o

n`mk sa~d |oe` o ~d` |~vpl~pvmk a||p`|

~dm~ emq f` xv`wì~aic a~ voe f`loe%

aic m wamfk` mk~`vim~aw` ~o loiwì~aoi%

mk imil`) Vm~aic mcìlq \~minmvn '

Xoov| dm| v`lì~kq v`k`m|`n m v`xov~

dacdkacd~aic |`w`vmk o ~d`|` a||p`|+

min io~aic ~dm~ ~d`|` ldmkkìc`| mv`

oikq kab`kq ~o ailv`m|` m| ~d` ainp|~vq

cvos| min wokw`|)

AI IME@ MKOI@?

Oi` a||p` a| ~dm~ A|kmeal imilamkxvonpl~| dmw` |o mv m~~èx~`n ~o

v`xkalm~` loiwì~aoimk imilamk xvon%

pl~|+ fp~ ai m smq ~dm~ a| ~`ldialmkkq

^d` v`|~vpl~pvaic| min n`mpk~| ai ~dÀ|kmeal gimil` ainp|~vq ow`v ~d` km|~ q`mv

dmw` fvopcd~ |`w`vmk a||p`| ~o ~d` ov`)

^d` miiopil`n e`vc`v o PM@ eov~%

cmc` ve| Mekmb min ^mes``k ai Io%wèf`v 6884 sm| x`vdmx| ~d` v|~

dacd%xvok` `tmexk` o v`|~vpl~pvaic

ai ~d` A|kmeal fmibaic |`l~ov m| m v`%

|pk~ o ~d` imilamk lva|a| min loi|`%

}pì~ ka}pana~q lvpild) Ai Emq 6881+

Bpsma~a ve ^d` Aiw`|~eì~ Nmv n`%

mpk~`n oi m .=88 eakkaoi |pbpb+ ~d`

v|~ `w`v |pbpb n`mpk~) Ai Jpkq km|~

q`mv+ Imbd``k miiopil`n a~ dmn |pl%

l`||pkkq v`|~vpl~pv`n a~| .308 eakkaoi

w`%q`mv Ajmvm |pbpb np` ai 68==)

^d` v`|~vpl~pvaic| min n`mpk~| ai

\dmvamd%loexkami~) Sdak` A|kmeal

imilamk xvonpl~| mv` \dmvamd%loe%xkami~ ai ~d` k`cmk |ì|`+ ~dàv `lo%

ioeal |pf|~mil` min aexml~ a| io~

dpc`kq na`vì~ voe loiwì~aoimk

imilamk ai|~vpeì~|+ |man X`~`v Lm%

|`q+ nav`l~ov m~ ~d` Npfma Gaimilamk

\`vwal`| Mp~dova~q)

Ai ~d` foin emvb`~ ov `tmexk`+ A|%

kmeal |pbpb| dmw` ailv`m|aickq f`ì

|~vpl~pv`n ~o v`xkalm~` loiwì~aoimk

foin|+ xvowanaic aexkala~ lmxa~mk

cpmvmi~``| ov foin%dokn`v| ~dm~ co`|

mcmai|~ ~d` va|b/ xvo~ |dmvaic loi%


49/84Emq 68=8cpkfp|ai`||)loe >1


l`x~ aid`vì~ ai A|kmeal imil`) ^da|

~vìn xvoex~`n oi` \dmvamd |ldokmv

~o v`xov~`nkq n`lkmv` ai 6884 ~dm~ 48

x`v lì~ o lpvvì~ |pbpb |~vpl~pv`|

s`v` io~ A|kmeal)

A|kmeal v`~mak fmib|+ xmv~alpkmvkq ai

~d` PM@+ dmw` mk|o okkos`n ~da| eon`k

mllovnaic ~o Vmj Emndm+ fmib| mimkq|~

m~ @GC D`ve`|) A|kmeal fmib| |pld m|

Mk Vmjda Fmib ai \mpna Mvmfam no dmw`

|oe` mnwmi~mc`| ow`v loiwì~aoimk

fmib| ai ~dm~ ~d`q dmw` mll`|| ~o m kos

lo|~ pinaic fm|`) ^dàv lkaì~| xv``v

io~ ~o v`làw` ai~`v`|~%kab` ailoe` oi

~dàv n`xo|a~| `wì a ~da| a| ~`ldialmkkq


50/84


08 cpkfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

\dmvamd%loexkami~ min ~d`q mv` k`||

xval`%na|lvaeaim~ovq) ^da| caw`| ~d`

fmib| m lp|daoi o xvo~mfaka~q ~dm~ a|

nìa~`kq mi mnwmi~mc` ow`v loiwì%

~aoimk fmib|) Dos`w`v+ PM@ fmib| dmw`

io~ fì`~~`n voe ~da| xdìoeìoi

~o ~d` |me` `t~ì~+ f`lmp|` ~d`q loe%

x`~` sa~d loiwì~aoimk fmib| ai ~`ve|

o ~d` v`~pvi| ~d`q o`v ~dàv lkaì~|+

`txkmai`n Emndm)

GVMCE@I^@N AINP\^VQ

Mio~d`v b`q ldmkkìc` ~o ~d` pv~d`v

cvos~d min n`w`koxeì~ o ~d` A|kmeal

imil` ainp|~vq a| ~d` na`vaic ai~`v%

xv`~m~aoi| o \dmvamd%loexkamil` ai

na`vì~ xmv~| o ~d` sovkn) Mllovnaic

~o m v`lì~ v`xov~ fq Xvo`||ov Von%i`q Sak|oi m~ ~d` Piaw`v|a~q o Npv%

dme+ wì sa~dai ~d` Cpk Loox`vm~aoi

Lopilak+ sa~d ~d` tl`x~aoi o Fmdvmai+

~d`v` mv` io im~aoimk \dmvamd fomvn|

~o |`~ |~minmvn| ov \dmvamd loexka%

mil` min ì|pv` m~sm| a||p`n fq ai%

nawanpmk fmib| min ai|~a~p~aoi| no io~

loigal~) Sdak` ~d`v` a| ka~~k` nopf~ ~dm~

~d`v` a| ~vèìnop| oxxov~pia~q ov

cvos~d ai A|kmeal fmibaic min imil`

ai ~d` xv`noeaimi~kq Ep|kae emvb`~|

o \op~d @m|~ M|am+ Eannk` @m|~ min

Iov~d Mvalm+ ~d` vmceì~m~aoi o ~dÀ|kmeal imil` ainp|~vq a| m dpvnk`

~dm~ ep|~ f` ow`vloe` a ~d` ainp|~vq

smi~| ~o loex`~` sa~d loiwì~aoimk

fmibaic oi m ckofmk k`w`k)

^VMI\XMV@ILQ I@@N\

@e`vcaic voe ~d` imilamk lva|a|+

oi` o ~d` eo|~ xv`||aic a||p`| ml%

aic ~d` ainp|~vq a| ~d` mxxmvì~ kmlb

o ~vmi|xmvìlq+ lovxovm~` cow`vimil`

min v`cpkm~ovq ow`v|acd~ o A|kmeal

fmib|) ^d` lva|a| dm| |dosi ~dm~ A|%

kmeal fmib| mv` io~ aeepi` ~o xvof%kè| |pld m| lovvpx~aoi+ ea|emimc`%

eì~ min fmn aiw`|~eì~ n`la|aoi|

~dm~ xkmcp` loiwì~aoimk fmib|) ^d`

na`vìl` a| ~dm~ A|kmeal fmib| ~ìn

~o f` k`|| ~vmi|xmvì~ ~dmi ~dàv loi%

wì~aoimk lopi~`vxmv~|+ |o ~d`|` a|%

|p`| mv` o~ì io~ mnnv`||`n pi~ak ~d`

fmib ml`| ~d` xv`||pv` o mi `t~`vimk

|dolb+ |pld m| m lokkmx|` ai m||`~ xval%

`| ov m emjov n`mpk~)

Mllovnaic ~o Nv Dìia` wmi Cv`pi%

aic+ |ìaov mnwa|ov m~ ~d` Sovkn Fmib

^v`m|pvq+ lovxovm~` cow`vimil` min

~vmi|xmvìlq a| |mnkq kmlbaic ai A|%

kmeal fmib| mlvo|| ~d` v`caoi) M~ m

v`lì~ loi`vìl` oi A|kmeal imil`

m~ ~d` Npfma Ai~`vim~aoimk Gaimilamk

Lì~v`+ Nv wmi Cv`piaic |man: ^vmi|%

xmvìlq min na|lko|pv` mv` ~d` lovi`v%

|~oi`| o coon lovxovm~` cow`vimil`+

fp~ ai eo|~ A|kmeal fmib| imilamk

|~m~èì~| ~da| a| o~ì kmlbaic) ^d`

imilamk |~m~èì~| mv` io~ `m|q ov

op~|an`v| ~o pin`v|~min min mimkq|`

ai m e`miaicpk smq) Mk~dopcd ~d`

xvailaxk`| o A|kmeal imil` ailkpn`

~vmi|xmvìlq+ oxìi`|| min cì`vmk

coon cow`vimil`+ ~d` aexkèì~m~aoi

min v`mka~q ai A|kmeal fmib| ~onmq

a| o~ì }pa~` na`vì~+ min ~da| a| mldmkkìc` ~dm~ ~d` ainp|~vq i``n| ~o

mnnv`|| coaic ovsmvn)

@WOKWAIC V@CPKMÂOI\

ô |oe` `t~ì~+ ~vmi|xmvìlq ai ~d`

A|kmeal fmibaic ainp|~vq lopkn f`

aexvow`n fq |px`vwa|aoi min v`cp%

km~ovq mp~dova~a`|+ fp~ ~da| |`è| ~o

f` `m|a`v |man ~dmi noi`) Mk~dopcd

~d`v` dm| f`ì coon xvocv`|| ai |`~%

~aic v`cpkm~ovq |~minmvn| ai A|kmeal

imilamk ai|~a~p~aoi| fq ~d` A|kmeal

Gaimilamk \`vwal`| Fomvn $AG\F! min~d` Mllopi~aic min Mpna~aic Ovcmia%

|m~aoi ov A|kmeal Gaimilamk Ai|~a~p%

~aoi| $MMOAGA!+ ~d`|` dmw` |o mv f`ì

ioi%fainaic min loexkamil` a| wokpi%

~mvq+ pik`|| ~d`q dmw` f`ì ailovxo%

vm~`n fq v`cpkm~ov| |pld m| ~d` NG\M

ai im~aoimk k`ca|km~aoi)

^d`v` mv` |`w`vmk na`vì~ mx%

xvomld`| ~o v`cpkm~aic A|kmeal fmib%

aic min imil`+ vmicaic voe v`cp%

km~aic ~d` ml~pmk \dmvamd vpkaic oi

imilamk xvonpl~| ~o v`cpkm~aic ~d`

|q|~è ai sdald A|kmeal fmib| ox`v%m~`) ^d` v`cpkm~ov ai Npfma ~d` NG\M

a| m |q|~è| v`cpkm~ov+ min emb`|

io jpncèì~ oi ~d` m~sm| ~dè%

|`kw`|) ^d` NG\M dm| ailovxovm~`n ~d`

AG\F min MMOAGA |~minmvn| ai a~| mx%

xvomld ~o v`cpkm~aoi o ~d` |`l~ov+ fp~

m| m va|b%fm|`n v`cpkm~ov+ ~d` NG\M a|

olp||`n oi sd`~d`v ov io~ A|kmeal

fmib| min imilamk ai|~a~p~aoi| dmw`

lovv`l~kq mimkq|`n ~d` va|b| ~d`q ml`+

min ~mbì mn`}pm~` |~`x| ~o kaea~ ~dàv

`txo|pv` ~o ~d`|` va|b|) M| m v`cpkm%

~ov+ s` mv` ai~`v`|~`n ai ~d` ai~`vimk

xvol`||`| min loi~vok| ~dm~ cow`vi

~d` fmib| ox`vm~aoi|+ ailkpnaic ~d`

ox`vm~aoi o a~| \dmvamd \px`vwa|ovq

Fomvn) S` v`}pav` m \dmvamd v`wa`s

min mpna~ fm|`n oi MMOAGA |~minmvn|+

min ld`lb ~dm~ ~d` fmib| na|lko|pv`

oi ~d` \dmvamd vpkaic| mv` mn`}pm~`+

|mq| X`~`v Lm|`q o ~d` NG\M)

M~ ~d` eoeì~+ ~d` cì`vmk loi%

|ì|p| meoic mimkq|~| min loi|pk~%

mi~| ai ~d` ainp|~vq |`è| ~o f` ~dm~

A|kmeal fmib| no io~ dmw` mn`}pm~`

va|b emimcèì~ |q|~è| ai xkml`+

min aexvowaic ~da| m|x`l~ a| wa~mk a

~d` ainp|~vq a| ~o loex`~` sa~d loi%

wì~aoimk imilamk ai|~a~p~aoi| ai ~d`

koic vpi)Dmva Fdmefvm+ |ìaov xmv~i`v m~

Xvm`|anape Loi|pk~aic+ a| mi `tx`v~

oi va|b emimcèì~ min imilamk

|`l~ov v`cpkm~aoi min |px`vwa|aoi) \d`

mvcp`| ~dm~ ~d` |me` mxxvomld ~dm~ a|

p|`n ~o anì~aq min }pmi~aq va|b| ai

loiwì~aoimk fmibaic lmi f` mxxka`n

ai A|kmeal fmib|) A|kmeal fmib| ml`

emiq o ~d` |me` va|b| ~dm~ loiwì%

~aoimk fmib| ml`+ |pld m| lv`na~ n`%

mpk~ min emvb`~ va|b) ^d`q mk|o ml`

pia}p` va|b| v`cmvnaic \dmvamd loe%

xkamil` min ioi%loexkamil`+ fp~ ~dè`~donokocq p|`n ~o anì~aq min

}pmi~aq ~d`|` va|b| lmi f` ~d` |me`

m| ~dm~ mxxka`n ~o loiwì~aoimk fmib|

fp~ sa~d np` eonalm~aoi ~o v`g`l~

~d` |x`lal a||p`| sdald mva|` ai A|%

kmeal imil`+ |mq| Fdmefvm) Oil`

~d` va|b| dmw` f`ì anì~a`n+ ~d`v`

mv` |~`x| ~dm~ A|kmeal fmib| lmi

~mb` ~o ea~acm~` ~d`|` va|b| sa~dai m

\dmvamd vme`sovb+ |d` |mq|)

A~ a| x`vdmx| pin`v|~minmfk` ~dm~

~d` A|kmeal fmibaic min imil` ai%

np|~vq a| xkmqaic lm~ld%px ai ~`ve| ova|b emimcèì~ min lovxovm~` cow%

`vimil`) A~ a| m qopic ainp|~vq+ min

dm| f`ì n`w`kox`n kmvc`kq ai è`vc%

aic emvb`~|+ sd`v` |~minmvn| o lov%

xovm~` cow`vimil` min v`cpkm~aoi

cì`vmkkq mv` xvofmfkq io~ m| dacd m|

ai n`w`kox`n S`|~`vi emvb`~|) I`w`v%

~d`k`||+ a ~d` A|kmeal imil` ainp|%

~vq a| ~o loi~aip` ~o cvos min `txmin

ai~o ~d`|` eov` n`w`kox`n imilamk

emvb`~|+ ~d`|` |~vpl~pvmk a||p`| i``n

~o f` mnnv`||`n) i cfHeo~awm~`)m`


51/84



^D@ FP\AI@\\GAIMILAMK L@I^V@\

M xkml` oi ~d` |~mc`

G

ov n`lmn`|+ Cpk imilamk ml~aw%

a~q sm| emaikq loilì~vm~`n ai

Fmdvmai+ m lopi~vq sdo|` o%|dov` fmibaic ainp|~vq |pvc`n

m~`v ~d` nèa|` o smv ~ovi Fàvp~|

v`caoimk fmibaic vok` ai ~d` =138|)

Emimem| koic |~mfka|d`n vok` m| ~d`

v`caoi| o|dov` fmibaic min imilamk

lì~v` sm| imkkq ldmkkìc`n+ x`vdmx|

ai`wa~mfkq+ fq ~d` oxìaic o vawmk lì%

~v`|+ io~mfkq ~d` ==8%mlv` xpvxo|` fpak~

Fmdvmai Ai~`vim~aoimk Gaimilamk Lì~v`

ai 688> min fq ~d` |~mv~ px o ~d` ]m~mv

Gaimilamk Lì~v` m q`mv km~`v)

Gov a~| xmv~+ ~d` a|kmin v`|xoin`n

sa~d i`s mlaka~a`| min a~| .=)0 fakkaoiFmdvmai Gaimilamk Dmvfopv) ^d` loi%

lv`~` dm| f`ì xopv`n+ ~d` ~os`v| fpak~

min ~d` ckm||%lkmn eoipeì~| o lmxa%

~mka|e loexk`~`n) Dos`w`v+ ~d` loil`x~

o ~d` Cpk m| mi ai~`vim~aoimk imilamk

lì~v` a| |~akk i`s min ~d` mefa~aoi o

~d` v`caoi| la~a`| ~o joai ~d` ckofmk fac

k`mcp` a| fàic ~`|~`n)

Ioi`~d`k`||+ |oe` ai ~d` v`caoi |~akk

|~vaw` ~o joai ~da| `tlkp|aw` lkpf sa~d

\mpna Mvmfam aiw`|~aic d`mwakq ai ~d`

i`s Baic Mfnpkkmd Gaimilamk Lì~v` ai

Vaqmnd) Sdì ~d` baicnoe miiopil`nxkmi| ov ~d` wm|~ .4 fakkaoi Baic Mf%

npkkmd Gaimilamk Na|~val~ ai Vaqmnd+

sdald a| `tx`l~`n ~o f` oxì`n ai 68=6+

lva~al| s`v` }palb ~o m|b sd`~d`v ~da|

sm| io~ m imilamk lì~v` ~oo mv ai ~d`

Cpk v`caoi)

Dos`w`v+ m |opin lm|` lmi f` emn`

ov ~d` wmvaop| lì~v`|+ xmv~alpkmvkq

~dàv vok` ai m||a|~aic v`caoimk `loioe%

al cvos~d min |~aepkm~aic n`w`koxeì~

min naw`v|alm~aoi)

]m~mv+ ov `tmexk`+ a| m emvb`~ ~dm~

^d` Cpk| lì~v`| o gimil` |oe` okn min |oe` i`s mv` |~akk |~vpcckaic

~o c`~ ~d` v`locia~aoi min v`xp~m~aoi ~d`q i``n ~o loex`~` ai ~d` ckofmk

mvìm+ VOF@V^ FMAK@Q v`xov~|)

lmi f`loe` aexov~mi~ ov ~d` na|~vafp%

~aoi o ep~pmk pin|+ d`nc` pin| min

o~d`v lokk`l~aw` aiw`|~eì~ w`dalk`|ow`v ~d` e`nape%~`ve) ^d` èavm~` a|

mk|o s`kk xkml`n ~o xkmq m b`q vok` ai ~d`

n`w`koxeì~ o A|kmeal imil`+ min+

x`vdmx| ~d` cvos~d o A|kmeal aiw`|~%

eì~ pin|)

Npfma+ oi ~d` o~d`v dmin+ dm| f`ì

kabì`n ~o \aicmxov`) Ai `mld lm|` ~d`

cow`vieì~ o m la~q |~m~` a| eofaka|%

aic `tl`|| |mwaic|+ epld o sdald ai

Npfma| lm|` loe`| voe iàcdfopv%

aic Mfp Ndmfa+ ~o n`w`kox mi `loioeq

~dm~ v`wokw`| mvopin v`caoimk ~vmn`

min |`vwal`|)Fo~d lopi~va`| mk|o dmw` còcvmxda%

lmk kolm~aoi m| mi mnwmi~mc` m| s`kk m|

~d` olamk loeea~eì~ ~o xvoeo~aoi

o imilamk |`vwal`|) ^d` n`w`koxeì~

|opin v`cpkm~ovq ìwavoieì~+ a| loi%

nplaw` ~o imilamk aiiowm~aoi min a|

san`kq v`cmvn`n m| m xaoi``v ai ~d` n`%w`koxeì~ o A|kmeal imil`) Fmdvmai

a| mk|o doe` ~o ~d` Mllopi~aic min Mp%

na~aic Ovcmia|m~aoi ov A|kmeal Gaimi%

lamk Ai|~a~p~aoi|)

M| oi` o ~d` k`mnaic lì~v`| ov ~d`

a||pmil` o A|kmeal foin| $|pbpb|! a~ a|

dacdkq kab`kq ~dm~ Fmdvmai sakk f` mfk`

~o loi|okanm~` a~| aexov~mil` m| mi A|%

kmeal m||`~ emimcèì~ lì~v`)

Sdak` mld o ~d` Cpk imilamk lì%

~v`| emq in a~| osi emvb`~ iald`+

~d` koic%~`ve mae| o `mld o ~d` %

imilamk lì~v`|+ min ~dàv |~m~` |xoi%|ov|+ dmw` ~d` loeeoi ~dv`mn o `lo%

ioeal naw`v|alm~aoi)

^d` m|xavm~aoi| o Npfma min o~d%

`v| ~o mlda`w` ~d` |~m~p| o aexov~mi~

\oe` ai ~d` v`caoi |~akk |~vaw` ~o joai~da| `tlkp|aw` lkpf sa~d \mpna Mvmfam

aiw`|~aic d`mwakq ai ~d` i`sBaic Mfnpkkmd Gaimilamk Lì~v` ai Vaqmnd)

o xvawm~` s`mk~d emimcèì~ emq

~pvi op~ ~o f` ~d` lm~mkq|~ ov ~d` i`t~|~mc` o cvos~d o Npfma| imilamk

|`vwal`| ainp|~vq)

Fmdvmai a| mlaic |~voic loex`~a~aoi)

Dos`w`v+ a~ |~akk v`~mai| oi` aexov~mi~

mnwmi~mc` o dmwaic olp|`n oi imi%

lamk |`vwal`|+ sdald ios mllopi~ ov 63

x`v lì~ o ~d` cvo|| noe`|~al xvonpl~+

ov mv koic`v ~dmi o~d`v| ai ~d` v`%

caoi) @||ì~amkkq+ ~da| e`mi| a~ dm| mk|o

s`m~d`v`n emiq `loioeal lqlk`| min

piov`|`ì `wì~| ai~ml~)

^d` a|kmin dm| m s`kk `|~mfka|d`n+

ai~`vim~aoimk imilamk lì~v`| |dopkn

mk|o f` pin`v|~oon ai ~d` loi~`t~ o joflv`m~aoi) Pièxkoqeì~ a| dacd meoic

~d` ainacìop| xoxpkm~aoi+ q`mv okn| ai \mpna Mvmfam+

Fmdvmai min Oemi mkoi`)

A~ dm| f`ì `|~aem~`n ~dm~ `w`vq jof

ai ~d` imilamk |`l~ov cì`vm~`| ~so

ov eov` ai o~d`v v`km~`n ainp|~va`| ai%

lkpnaic mllopi~aic+ k`cmk sovb m| s`kk

m| ainav`l~ |`vwal`| |pld m| do~`k|

min ~vmw`k)

^d` emimcèì~ loi|pk~mi~ ElB%

ai|`q dm| `|~aem~`n ~dm~ fq o|~`vaic


53/84


54/84


0> cpkgfp|ai`||)loe Emq 68=8

dm| ~o v``k fmlb ~o ~d` PB min Fmvaic|

Fmib| lokkmx|` ai =110+ ~d` @ivoi |lmi%

nmk ai ~d` P\ min \ola`~` Cì`vmk`| i`mv.7 fakkaoi ko||`| np` ~o vocp` ~vmnaic ai

`mvkq 6884) Nvmem~al min nmemcaic m|

~d`|` lvaeaimk `xa|on`| s`v`+ ~d` emv%

b`~| ai sdald ~d`q ollpvv`n s`v` fac

ìopcd ~o v`low`v v`km~aw`kq }palbkq)

@e`vcaic emvb`~|+ xmv~alpkmvkq ~do|`

sa~d kmvc` wokpe`| o ovàci eoi`q

gosaic ~dvopcd ~dè+ mv` mv eov` wpk%

i`vmfk`+ `|x`lamkkq ai ~`ve| o ai~`vim%

~aoimk x`vl`x~aoi| o ~dàv v`kamfaka~q

min loex`~ìl`)

Cawaic v`mk ~``~d ~o ~d` v`cpkm~ov| ai

Cpk | imilamk lì~v`| min ai|~akkaicm dacd`v n`cv`` o ~vmi|xmvìlq min

mllopi~mfaka~q ai loexmia`| ox`vm~aic

sa~dai ~dè sakk ìdmil` ~d` lì~v`|

|~m~p|+ `wì npvaic m nalpk~ xdm|` o

v`caoimk min sovkn `loioeal v`low`vq)

^d` k`w`k o loeea~eì~ mkv`mnq

emn` ai ~`ve| o loi|~vpl~aoi+ ox`vm%

~aoi| min ai~`vim~aoimk xmv~i`v|dax|

v`xv`|ì~| m w`vq wa|afk` |~m~èì~ o

ai~ì~) Sa~d v`cmvn ~o koic%~`ve xkmi|+

n`w`koxeì~| |o mv ainalm~` ~dm~ ~d`

Cpk a| io~ |aexkq maeaic m~ m iald`

^d` k`w`k og loeea~eì~ mkv`mnq emnài ~`ve| og loi|~vpl~aoi+ ox`vm~aoi| minai~`vim~aoimk xmv~i`v|dax| v`xv`|ì~| m

w`vq wa|afk` |~m~èì~ og ai~ì~)

aexov~mi~ ow`v ~d` i`t~ ~so ~o ~dv``

q`mv|) Lk`mvkq ~dm~ m|~ xml` eoeì~pe

dm| f`ì |~mkk`n fq `wì~|)

Dos`w`v+ jp|~ dos epld Npfma| ae%

mc` dm| f`ì nì~`n fq a~| n`f~ lva|a|

min v`mk `|~m~` emvb`~ lokkmx|` sakk f`

|`ì ow`v ~d` i`t~ `s eoi~d| min xo|%

|afkq q`mv|)

Ai ~d` e`mi~ae`+ a~ a| lk`mv ~dm~ mv

cv`m~`v m~~ì~aoi a| coaic ~o f` xman ~o

~d` k`cmk min mneaia|~vm~aw` v`cae`|

cow`viaic ~d` Cpk| imilamk n`mkaic|

min emvb`~|) Of|`vw`v| |mq eov` sovb

i``n| ~o f` noi` ~o lvm~ m |~mfk` %

imilamk ìwavoieì~ ailkpnaic |px`v%

wa|ovq xvol`||`| min |~vìc~dìaic

v`cpkm~ovq vme`sovb|)

Wamfk` v`cpkm~ovq v`cae`| mv` `||ì%~amk ~o xv`wì~ lvoiq lmxa~mka|e+ sdald

of|`vw`v| f`ka`w` sm| m |acialmi~

ml~ov+ ov `tmexk`+ ai ~d` =113 M|ami

imilamk lva|a|) D`v`+ emvb`~ e`ldm%

ia|e| min loi~vok| s`v` ~dsmv~`n

fq ~oo lko|` m v`km~aoi|dax f`~s`ì

cow`vieì~ min fp|ai`||) Gov ~d`

CLL+ ~da| e`mi| olp|aic d`mwakq oi

lovxovm~` cow`vimil`+ na|lko|pv` min

~vmi|xmvìlq)

^d` Nmem| |lminmk dm| f`ì m v`%

eain`v ~dm~ lovxovm~` cow`vimil`

|~minmvn| ai ~d` Cpk |~akk kmc f`dain~do|` ai `|~mfka|d`n imilamk lì~v`|)

^d` j`s`kk`vq min cokn ~vmnaic loi%

l`vi+ sdald a| loi~vokk`n fq oi` o

Npfma| okn`|~ e`vldmi~ meaka`|+ dm|

f`ì vmlb`n fq loi~vow`v|q ow`v mk%

k`c`n pimp~dova|`n ~vmi|ml~aoi|) ^d`|`

sovknsan`) Ai Fmdvmai+ fmib| osi`n fq

~d` ~so cvopx| dmw` f`ì xkml`n ai mn%

eaia|~vm~aoi)Ai 6884+ m |~pnq fq ~d` Npfma%fm|`n

Dmsbmemd Ai|~a~p~` ov Lovxovm~`

Cow`vimil` min ~d` Sovkn Fmib mka%

m~`n Ai~`vim~aoimk Gaimil` Lovxovm~aoi

opin ~dm~ ~d`v` sm| io~ m |aick` xpf%

kalkq%ka|~`n loexmiq ai ~d` v`caoi ~dm~

s`v` loinpl~`n fq ~d` emjova~q osi`v|

okkosaic a~| .638 eakkaoi aia~amk xpfkal

o`vaic oi ~d` NAGL)

Ai \mpna Mvmfam+ kìn`v| mv` |~akk

v``kaic voe m |x`l~mlpkmv n`mpk~ fq

Mdemn Dmemn Mk Co|mafa ' Fvo~d`v|

Loexmiq min ~d` \mmn cvopx d`mn`n

fq fakkaoimav` Emmi Mk%\mi`m sdo a|

loii`l~`n ~o ~d` Mk Co|mafa meakq fq

emvvamc`) ^d` ~so cvopx| emq dmw`

fovvos`n px ~o .68 fakkaoi voe fmib|

okkos`n f`|~ xvml~al`)

^d` nmic`v ka`| ai ipv~pvaic mi ì%

wavoieì~ ai sdald lovvpx~aoi emq

`|lmx` xpfkal `txo|pv`) Lva~al| o ~d`

v`caoi| cow`vimil` fkme` ~d` kmlb o m

~vmna~aoi o xmv~alaxm~aoi min o m xkp%

vmka|~al lawak |ola`~q) ^da| |~ag`| n`w`k%

oxeì~ o ~vmi|xmvì~ min oxì cow%

`viaic |~vpl~pv`|)

^d` v`mka~q+ ~dopcd+ a| ~dm~ io ckofmk

lì~v` a| aeepi` ~o |lminmk) Oi` oikq


55/84



ov kolmk vok`) Loex`~aic sa~d ~d` kab`|

o \aicmxov` min Doic Boic e`mi|

io~ jp|~ èpkm~aic ~do|` lì~v`| s`kk%`|~mfka|d`n |~minmvn| o xvoxva`~q+ fp~

loiwailaic ~d` ai~`vim~aoimk imilamk

loeepia~q ~dm~ ~da| a| ~d` lm|`)

\okan xvocv`|| a| fàic emn`) Ai ~d`

La~q o Koinoi| ~sal` q`mvkq vmib%

aic| o ai~`vim~aoimk imilamk lì~v`|+

Npfma sm| xkml`n 60 op~ o 70 lì~v`|

sovknsan` ai 6883) ]m~mv min Fmdvmai

ì~`v`n ai >3~d min >>~d xkml` v`|x`l%

~aw`kq) Ai ~d` km~`|~ 6881 |pvw`q+ Np%

fma dmn va|ì ~o 6=|~ xkml` sa~d ]m~mv

xkml`n m~ >< min Fmdvmai m~ >>)

Mimkq|~| f`ka`w` ~dm~ ~d` Cpk| imi%lamk lì~v`| dmw` ~d` xo~ì~amk ~o eow`

px pv~d`v ai ~d` AGL vmibaic|) Dos`w%

`v+ m v`mka~q ld`lb a| ai ovn`v |ail` ~d`v`

mv` s`mbi`||`| ai b`q mv`m| loexmv`n

~o o~d`v lopi~va`|)

^d` v`caoi| foin emvb`~|+ ov ai%

|~mil`+ vèmai pin`vn`w`kox`n sa~d

ka~~k` |ow`vàci a||pmil`+ ka~~k` lovxo%

vm~` n`f~ a||pmil` min ka~~k` |`loinmvq

~vmnaic) Ai ~`ve| o ~d` n`f~ emvb`~

fvomnkq loi|a|~aic o cow`vieì~ min

lovxovm~` foin|+ min mllopi~aic ov

8 x`v lì~ o ~o~mk sovkn n`f~+ ~d`

CLL xkmq| m |emkk vok`)

Dos`w`v+ ~d`v` mv` o~d`v xawo~mkml~ov|) ^d` CLL v`xv`|ì~| m |az`%

mfk` xvoxov~aoi o sovkn s`mk~d sa~d

im~aoimk noe`|~al s`mk~d m~ jp|~ ow`v

.6 ~vakkaoi) Olamk `t~`vimk s`mk~d+

emaikq |ow`vàci s`mk~d pin|+ a| `|%

~aem~`n ~o f` sov~d eov` ~dmi .6 ~vak%

kaoi) ^mbaic ai~o mllopi~ `t~`vimk xva%

wm~` s`mk~d+ ~d` ~o~mk xvofmfkq loe`|

~o .0 ~vakkaoi)

Of|`vw`v| f`ka`w` ~dm~ ~da| dacd k`w`k

o s`mk~d+ loefai`n sa~d ~d` ml~ ~dm~

~d` ainawanpmk \SG| o ~d` CLL v`x%

v`|ì~ |oe` o ~d` kmvc`|~ |aick` pinemimcèì~ ox`vm~aoi| ai ~d` sovkn+

ìnos| ~d` Cpk| pin emimcèì~

fp|ai`|| mkoi` sa~d m xo~ì~amkkq xos%

`vpk ai~`vim~aoimk vok`)

^d` wokpe` o eoi`q min n`mk gos

e`mi| a~ a| dacdkq pikab`kq miq o ~d`

v`caoi| imilamk lì~v`| sakk mak) Fp~

fvalb| min eov~mv mkoi` sakk io~ `|%

~mfka|d min pin`vxai ~d` |okan v`xp~m%

~aoi| ov imilamk n`mkaic| mlda`w`n fq

~d` sovkn| eov` em~pv` kolm~aoi|)i

cfHeo~awm~`)m`



^D@ FP\AI@\\CPKG OPVA\E

Im~pvmk | k l~aoi

GOV ~d` Mvmf ~opva|e ~vmn`+xmv~alaxm~aic ai ~d` Ai~`vim%

~aoimk ôpva|e Fopv|` $A^F! ai

F`vkai+ ~op~`n m| ~d` cv`m~`|~

~opva|e |dos oi `mv~d+ dm| f`loe`

|oe`~daic o mi miipmk va~pmk) Ain``n+

m kmvc` ~pviop~ fq Cpk tdafa~ov| m~ ~d`

Emvld `wì~ |dos`n ~dm~ ~d` v`caoi a|

|~akk b`ì ~o emb` a~| emvb ai m xo|~%

v`l`||aoi ~opva|e emvb`~)

^da| q`mv+ dos`w`v+ ~daic| s`v m ka~~k`

na`vì~) dm~ xo|~ v`l`||aoi kmin|lmx`

a| mv voe m xal~pv` xo|~lmvn |lì`+

M| Npfma ~va`| ~o v`fpakn a~| aemc`+ ~d` ~vmna~aoimk ~opva|e lmxa~mk og ~d`

Cpkg gml`| i`s ~dv`m~| gvoe m |`vaop| loex`~a~ov) EmIAb E@D^m v`xov~|

gvoe ~d` Ai~`vim~aoimk ôpva|e Fopv|` ai F`vkai+ min m|b|+ a| Oemi ~d`

i`t~ a~ n`|~aim~aoi?

sa~d Npfma+ |~akk ~d` v`caoi| facc`|~~opva|e nvms+ ~vqaic ~o v`cmai |oe` o

a~| ove`v ckovq m~`v m xvox`v~q lvm|d+

n`f~ |~min|~akk+ min v`me| o i`cm~aw`

xpfkala~q) A~ a| coaic ~o f` m ~opcd xa~ld+

`|x`lamkkq m| o~d`v+ k`|| l`k`fvm~`n n`|%

~aim~aoi|+ sma~ ai ~d` saic|)

^dmib| ~o m |~mxk` o dqx`n e`nam

v`xov~|+ Npfma| emkma|` f`lme` san`%

kq xpfkala|`n ai emiq o a~| ~vmna~aoimk

S`|~`vi emvb`~|+ ailkpnaic C`vemiq+

voe sd`v` ~d` eavm~` |opvl`| m |az`%

mfk` xov~aoi o a~| @pvox`mi ~opva|e

~vml) ^d` A^F+ ~dopcd+ sm| loi|an%`v`n mi ``l~aw` xkm~ove ~o xp~ ~d`

xal~pv` ai xvox`v x`v|x`l~aw`+ mllovn%

aic ~o m v`xv`|ì~m~aw` o Npfma| N`%

xmv~eì~ o ôpva|e min Loee`vl`

Emvb`~aic $N^LE!+ sdald sm| xv`|ì~

m~ ~d` |dos sa~d eov` ~dmi =88 xmv~%

i`v| min `tdafa~ov|)

ôpv| o Npfma dmw` i`w`v f`ì m|

m~~vml~aw` min movnmfk` m| ios) M~%

~vml~aw` o`v| voe do~`k| min mavkai`|

emb` m wmlm~aoi ai ~d` sovkn e`~voxok%

a~mi la~q m pia}p` `tx`vaìl`+ lkmae`n


57/84Emq 68=8cpkgfp|ai`||)loe 03


^d` N^LE v`|xoin`n g|~ ~o ~d` lva|a|fq kpildaic ipef`v og lexaci|

ae`n ~ xvoeo~aic ~opva|e)

m v`xv`|`i~m~aw` o ~d` N^LE| Gvmib%

pv~ ol`) Ai 6881+ 64


58/84



m~`) Oemi sakk i`w`v f` m loex`~a~aoi

~dv`m~ ov Npfma f`lmp|` a~ no`| io~

dmw` mn`}pm~` do~`k| kab` Npfma) Xòxkài~`v`|~`n ai lpk~pv` min d`va~mc` wa|a~

Oemi+ d` |man)

Sdak` fo~d Npfma min Oemi |~v`||

~dm~ ~d`q no io~ loex`~` sa~d `mld

o~d`v f`lmp|` ~d`q mv` m| na`vì~ m|

mxxk`| mv` voe ovmic`|+ fo~d n`|~aim%

~aoi| smi~ m kmvc`v |dmv` o ~d` ~opva|e

xa` min ~dm~ e`mi|+ aiwmvamfkq+ loe%

x`~aic mcmai|~ `mld o~d`v cawì ~dàv

còcvmxdalmk xvotaea~q)

F`lmp|` o ~d` cvosaic ai~`v`|~

meoic|~ S`|~`vi ~opva|~| ai Oemi|

NPFMA

Ai ~d` v|~ ~dv`` }pmv~`v| o 6881+

Npfma |ms a~| ipef`v o do~`k vooe|

cvos =1 x`v lì~ ~o 01+1+430 ai ~d` |me` x`vaon ai 6884)

^d` PM@ loi~aip`n ~o xo|~ ~d` kmvc`|~

ipef`v o vooe| ai ~d` ~o~mk ml~aw`

xax`kai` sa~d 06+077+ okkos`n fq \mpna

Mvmfam sa~d =>+=34)

Meoic ~d` emjov emvb`~| ai ~d`

v`caoi+ Npfma ìn`n G`fvpmvq sa~d ~d`

eo|~ vooe| ai ~d` ~o~mk ml~aw` xax`kai`

sa~d


59/84



Emvaim+ ~o f` loexk`~`n fq 68=




Sdm~ a| ~d` xvogk` o ~d` Mfp Ndmfa

wa|a~ov/~opva|~?

S` lpvvì~kq no io~ dmw` m e`ldmia|eov ~vmlbaic wa|a~ov|/~opva|~| min s`

~mkb ai ~`ve| o do~`k cp`|~|+ m| s`

dmw` m e`ldmia|e ov ~vmlbaic min

xvokaic ~d`|`) Lpvvì~kq 48 x`v lì~

o opv do~`k cp`|~| mv` xòxk` sdo mv`

ai ~d` èavm~` ov fp|ai`|| xpvxo|`|

mfop~ =8 x`v lì~ o ~d`|` lmi f` m~%

~vafp~`n ~o ~d` e``~aic|+ ailì~aw`|+

loi`vìl`| min `tdafa~aoi| |`ceì~)

S` mv` ios koobaic ~o f`~~`v fmkmil`

~d` }pm~aoi f`~s`ì fp|ai`|| min kà%

|pv` do~`k cp`|~|) S` wa`s opv kà|pv`

~opva|~| m| ~do|` smi~aic ~o ìcmc`sa~d kolmk d`va~mc`+ sdo |``b `tx`va%

ìl`| o ~d` f`m~ì ~vmlb sdm~ s`

~`ve ~d` lpk~pvmk |``b`v)

Dos a| Mfp Ndmfa doxaic ~o nvms ai

wa|a~ov| sdo emq f` |xoak~ ov ldoal`

m| ~d` v`l`||aoi emb`| o~d`v Eannk`

@m|~ n`|~aim~aoi| eov` movnmfk`?

S` no ~da| fq k`w`vmcaic oi opv im~p%

vmk m||`~| min d`va~mc` sdak` xp~~aic

~oc`~d`v loex`~a~aw`+ wmkp`%mnn`n

xmlbmc`|+ sdald mv` o~ì kptpvq%ova%

ì~`n+ sdì loexmv`n kab`%sa~d%kab`)Opv im~pvmk m||`~| mv` loi|an`vmfk`

ow`v 688 a|kmin| min >88 bakoe`~v`|

o lom|~kai`+ |~piiaic n`|`v~|lmx`|

min milaì~ om|`|) Mnn`n ~o ~da| a| m

wafvmi~+ lo|eoxoka~mi lmxa~mk la~q) Na%

w`v|a~q o o`vaic min ~`vvmai a| m b`q

mnwmi~mc`) ^d` k`w`vmcaic o ~d`|` m|%

|`~| a| x`vdmx| f`|~ |`ì ai Mk Cdmvfam+

~d` S`|~`vi v`caoi+ sd`v` \av Fmia Qm|

A|kmin dm| f`ì oxì`n px ~o ~opva|e

sa~d ~d` N`|`v~ A|kmin| V`|ov~ min

\xm fq Mimi~mvm) Cp`|~| m~ ~da| fop%

A~| io~ jp|~ Npfma ~dm~| fvaicaic ai ~d` wa|a~ov|) Epfmvmb Mk Epdmava+ nav`l~ov

cì`vmk+ Mfp Ndmfa ôpva|e Mp~dova~q+ |dmv`| ~d` xkmi| min ~d` mxx`mk

f`dain ~d` PM@ lmxa~mk| m~~vml~aoi|)

~a}p` do~`k dmw` ~d` ldmil` ~o ~mb` ai

>t> cpan`n ~opv| o ~d` Mvmfami Sakn%

ka` Xmvb sd`v` miaemk| vome v`` minsdald dm| oi` o ~d` sovkn| kmvc`|~

d`vn| o Mvmfami ovqt eov` ~dmi >88

ai mkk) ^d` opva|e N`w`koxeì~ min

Aiw`|~eì~ Loexmiq $^NAL! dm| mk|o

k`w`vmc`n ~d` im~pvmk ìwavoieì~ ai

a~| ]m|v Mk \mvmf n`|`v~ v`|ov~+ sdald

a| |`~ mean|~ ~d` ~os`vaic npi`| o

~d` Kasm N`|`v~ sd`v` cp`|~| lmi ~mb`

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Gulf Business | May 2010

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