Unidad 3, Lección 1 10¡Avancemos! 1
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Gustar with Nouns
¿Recuerdas? You already have learned to use gustar with infinitives to say what people like to do (see p. 42).
To talk about the things that people like, use gustar + noun.
Here’s how:
If what is liked is plural, use the plural form gustan.
If what is liked is singular, use the singular form gusta.
me gustan los jugos
te gustan los jugos
le gustan los jugos
nos gustan los jugos
os gustan los jugos
les gustan los jugos
Plural
me gusta la sopa
te gusta la sopa
le gusta la sopa
nos gusta la sopa
os gusta la sopa
les gusta la sopa
Singular
Notice that the singular and plural forms of gustar match what is liked, not the person who likes it.
Me gusta el cereal.
I like cereal.
Me gustan las uvas.
I like grapes.
matches singular noun matches plural noun
TRANSPARENCY 10Gramática, Unidad 3, Lección 1
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Unidad 3, Lección 1 11¡Avancemos! 1
Present Tense of -er and -ir Verbs
Regular verbs that end in -er or -ir work a little differently than regular -ar verbs. How do you form the present tense of regular -er and -ir verbs?
Here’s how:
The endings for -er and -ir verbs are the same except in the nosotros(as) and vosotros(as) forms. The letter change in these two forms matches the ending of the infinitive.
-er verbs vender to sell
yo vendo nosotros(as) vendemos
tú vendes vosotros(as) vendéis
usted, vende ustedes, vendenél, ella ellos(as)
-ir verbs compartir to share
yo comparto nosotros(as) compartimos
tú compartes vosotros(as) compartís
usted, comparte ustedes, compartenél, ella ellos(as)
Mario vende comida en la cafetería.Mario sells food in the cafeteria.
Compartimos las uvas.We are sharing the grapes.
TRANSPARENCY 11Gramática, Unidad 3, Lección 1
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Unidad 3, Lección 2 12¡Avancemos! 1
Possessive Adjectives
In Spanish, possessive adjectives agree in number with the nouns
they describe.
Here’s how:
mi nuestro(a)my our
tu vuestro(a)your (familiar) your (familiar)
su suyour (formal) your
su suhis, her, its their
Singular Possessive Adjectives
mis nuestros(as)my our
tus vuestros(as)your (familiar) your (familiar)
sus susyour (formal) your
sus sushis, her, its their
Plural Possessive Adjectives
Nuestro(a) and vuestro(a) must also agree in gender with the
nouns they describe.
Nuestra abuela tiene 70 años. Nuestros abuelos viven en
San Francisco.
Our grandmother is 70 years old. Our grandparents live in San
Francisco.
Es mi tía.
She is my aunt.
Son mis tías.
There are my aunts.
agrees agrees
TRANSPARENCY 12Gramática, Unidad 3, Lección 2
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Unidad 3, Lección 2 13¡Avancemos! 1
Comparatives
There are several phrases in Spanish used to make comparisons.
Here’s how: Use the following phrases with an adjective to compare
two things. The adjectives agree with the first noun.
más... que Mi abuela es más artística que mi padre. more . . . than My grandmother is more artistic than my father.
menos... que La clase de ciencias es menos divertida que la clase de inglés.less . . . than Science class is less fun than English class.
tan... como Tus hermanas son tan serias como la maestra. as . . . as Your sisters are as serious as the teacher.
When a comparison does not involve an adjective, use these phrases.
más que... Me gusta ir a la biblioteca más que al gimnasio. more than . . . I like to go to the library more than to the gym.
menos que... Me gustan las hamburguesas menos que los tacos. less than . . . I like hamburgers less than tacos.
tanto como... ¿Te gusta hablar tanto como escuchar? as much as . . . Do you like to talk as much as listen?
There are a few irregular
comparative words. They agree
in number with the fi rst noun.
mayor menor mejor peor older younger better worse
Mis tíos son mayores que mi tía. My uncles are older than my aunt.
agrees
agrees
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