Brain•••

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

(1ms )(1ms )

(~0.1ms)

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

7

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2013/

Ach

(mV)

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

pA)

Neher and Sakmann 1976

Hodgkin, A. & Huxley, A.1963

(Eccles, J.C. )

(stellate ganglion)

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Ca2+

(mV)

CaA/cm2

(mV)

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Ca2+EP

SP

EPSP

(mV)

(mV)

(mS) (mS)

(mV

)

(mV

)

AP K:

Ca2+

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

-100mV -60mV 0mV +50mV

Na K

(mV)

(nA

)(n

A)

)( EPSPmEPSPEPSP EVgI

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

EEPSP Takeuchi and Takeuchi,1960

)

)( EPSPmEPSPEPSP EVgIEEPSP

K+ Na+

K+ Na+

(EEPSP)

mVEmVEggE

gg

EEgg

ggEgEgE

EEgEEgII

KNaK

NaEPSP

K

Na

KNaK

Na

KNa

KKNaNaEPSP

KEPSPKNaEPSPNa

KNa

80,55,45.1( 0mV

1

)()(

Ia

Ia

EEPSP

Ia

ENa

EEPSP

ECl

EK

K+ Na+

IPSP

(EIPSP=ECl)

IPSP

EPSP

Ia

Ia

IPSP

EPSP

EPSP

)( IPSPmIPSPIPSP EVgI

Ia

EPSP)

GABA

GABAGABA

EPSP GABA

GABA

IPSP

(mV

)

EPSP (Synapse E1 or E2)

EPSP (Synapse E1 +

E2)IPSP (Synapse

I)

EPSPIPSP (Synapse

E1 + I)

EPSPIPSP (Synapse E1 +

I + E2)

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

AC

Glu

Asp

γGABA

Gly

Ach, Glu, GABA

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

(A) (B)

1

2

3

1

2 3

4

5

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

: mGluR: AMPA

M1~M4

M

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

G

1 GTP2

G G3

G

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

http://sites.sinauer.com/neuroscience5e/animations05.

03.html

IP3

IP3cAMP

D2

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

1

cAMP

2

cAMP3

RNA2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Ca

Ca

1

2

3

45

1 2 3

5

(A)

(B)

(C)

1 2 3

4

4

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

GABA

GABA

GABA

GABA

2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.

Declarative memorySpatial learning

Procedural memoryMotor learning

A B

EPSP

EPSP

LTP

LTP

Science, 2001

Two synaptic delivery pathways for AMPARs.Both pathways depend on the subunit compositionof AMPA-Rs. To establish plasticity,GluR1/GluR2 heteromers are delivered tosynapses to potentiate synaptic transmission. Tomaintain synaptic transmission, GluR2/GluR3heteromers replace existing synaptic AMPA-Rsindependent of neuronal activity.

• "Neuroscience“ Editors: Dale Purves et al., Sinauer, (ISBN: 978-0-87893-695-3)Hardcover 5th edition (2012)

• Companion Website (free)http://sites.sinauer.com/neuroscience5e

•

• http://www.biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/users/naibunpi/Lecture_Index.html

•20121212 (ISBN9787878-88-4-44-4444--2747474-444-211959595-55-9)

• http://ssl.ohmsha.co.jp/cgi-bin/menu.cgi?&ISBN=978-4-274-21195-9

•2006

•

•

• From Neuron To Brain. 4th Ed. Nicholls, J.G., et al., Sinauer, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893-439-1)

• Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes. 3rd

Ed. Hille, B. Sinauer, Associates, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893-321-2)

,

•

••

••• e-mail: okay@bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp• http://www.biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/users/naibunpi/