Habia Skills Survey of the African Caribbean Hair Industry · questionnaire was tested with the...

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Habia

Skills Survey of the African Caribbean Hair Industry

March 2006

Habia The Standards Setting Body for hairdressing,

beauty therapy, barbering, African Caribbean hair, nail services and spa Oxford House Sixth Avenue

Sky Business Park Robin Hood Airport

Doncaster DN9 3GG

Tel: 0845 2 306080 Fax: 01302 774949

Email: [email protected] Web: www.habia.org

Habia Skills Survey for the African Caribbean Hair Industry


Habia Skills Survey for the African Caribbean Hair Industry Contents Page Number Executive Summary 3 Section 1 Introduction 8 1.1 Background to the Project 8 1.2 Methodology 8 2 Results 10 2.1 Respondents 10 2.2 Industry Profile 11 2.2.1 Business Type 11 2.2.2 Technology 14 2.2.3 Interaction with Habia 15 2.3 Employers and their Staff 16 2.3.1 Staff Qualifications 17 2.3.2 Recruitment 19 2.3.3 Staff Training 25 2.4 Services and Skills Gaps 26 2.4.1 African Caribbean Hairdressing Services 26 2.4.2 African Caribbean Barbering Services 29 2.4.3 Hair Extension Services 31 2.4.4 European Hairdressing Services 33 2.4.5 European Barbering Services 35 2.4.6 Other Services 37 2.4.7 General Business Skills 40 3 Conclusion of the Survey 42 4 Comments from the African Caribbean Expert Working Group 45 5 Recommendations for the Future 46 Annex 1 Questionnaire 47 Annex 2 Summary of Comments 62 Annex 3 Habia Training Materials relevant to Skills Gaps 65



Executive Summary Background to the Project In 2005, Habia launched a skills survey into the African Caribbean hair industry. The skills survey is designed to provide an overall picture of the industry and allow Habia to plan initiatives that support future growth and raise standards further. The results will be used to create programmes and initiatives designed to ensure that new recruits have the skills employers require and that training programmes help businesses develop staff to meet client demand. The first stage of the project was a UK-wide postal survey. The second stage included discussion and confirmation of the results from the postal survey with the African Caribbean Hair Forum. Methodology Habia defined the themes for the research and designed a draft questionnaire. The draft questionnaire was tested with the African Caribbean hair forum that represents the views of a representative cross section of the African Caribbean hair industry. Habia then produced the final version of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed using SNAP software and was posted on the Habia website for respondents to complete and submit in November 2005, with a closing date of 16 December 2005. In addition, the questionnaire was mailed out to a total of 300 African Caribbean hair businesses. Habia staff compiled a database of employers for the mailing of the questionnaire through research and by drawing on contacts of the Habia African Caribbean Hair Forum. The majority of the salons mailed were concentrated in London and Birmingham. At the closing date in December, the deadline for receipt of the questionnaire was extended until 23 January 2006 to allow follow up calls to be conducted to the mailing contacts. A total of 20 questionnaires were received with a geographical concentration in London and the South East, the North of England and the Midlands and East of England. Sixty-nine per cent of the respondents stated the percentage of turnover from African Caribbean hair services (including barbering and hair extension services) was 80% or above. The results were then analysed and taken to the Habia African Caribbean Hair Expert Working Group. The group are an independent set of employers, representatives from further education and manufacturers who are currently involved in the development of National Occupational Standards specifically for African Caribbean Hair. Habia then proceeded to conduct a more detailed analysis of the data, which forms the basis of the present report. Results The main findings from the survey for African Caribbean Hair, discussed and determined to be a reasonable indication of the industry by the African Caribbean Hair Forum, are set out in the tables below. Those salons that did respond are inevitably over-represented by those that are pro-active regarding training and general business development. This is supported by the comments of the Habia African Caribbean Expert Working Group who considered that the percentages for example, staff holding qualifications, use of technology and Habia awareness, were too high. However, given that even these pro-active salons are suffering inhibited growth from skill



gaps and shortages, it can be inferred that remaining African Caribbean salons are likely to be either suffering worse difficulties or are happy with their current size and range of activities. SECTOR PROFILE

• 90% single salons • 5% franchise salons • 35% mixed African Caribbean Unisex and European Hair • 81% 4-10 employees • 89% urban location

BUSINESS GROWTH

• 85% employ the same (55%) or more (30%) staff compared to 12 months ago • 90% expect to employ the same (20%) or more (70%) staff in the next 12 months

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• 70% use a computer in their business • 55% use email in their business • 40% access websites on the internet

STAFFING AND RECRUITMENT

• 74% female staff • 61% full time staff • 39% part time staff • 90% of staff hold a qualification relevant to their job role • 23% of staff are qualified to S/NVQ Level 3 with African Caribbean options • Difficulty in recruiting across all job roles except receptionist • 32% Saturday staff / apprentices and 26% African Caribbean senior stylists are the most sought after

vacancies in the previous 12 months • African Caribbean senior stylists are the most difficult to recruit and most sought after for current vacancies • Staff turnover 92% • 36% of staff are aged 16-34 • Most popular recruitment methods are by word of mouth and in the salon

TRAINING

• The majority of job roles participated in training during the past year • Senior stylists were the most popular job role to undertake training • Decrease in training next year across some job roles

SERVICES AND SKILLS GAPS

Main African Caribbean hairdressing services currently offered: • Conditioning treatments and neutralising (both 95%), colouring, relaxing, setting/finger waving and

texturising (all 90%) Main African Caribbean hairdressing skill shortages:

• 60% background knowledge of the skin and hair • 15% each for plaiting/braiding, locing and cap weaving

Main African Caribbean barbering skills shortages:

• 30% creating 2D patterns in hair • 30% creating 3D patterns in hair • 25% facial treatments including massage

Main hair extension skill shortages:

• 25% locing • 25% wigs

Main European hairdressing skill shortages:

• 25% hair extension services • 10% retailing European hair products

Main European barbering skill shortages:

• 16% facial treatments including massage • 11% retailing European barbering products



Other skill gaps: • 30% beauty therapy treatments • 30% Indian head massage • 25% artificial nails • 25% natural nails

Business skills gaps:

• 60% understanding government training programmes • 55% marketing and PR • 55% understanding employment law • 50% business planning • 50% increasing retail skills

ENGAGEMENT WITH HABIA

• 83% aware of Habia prior to completing the survey • 85% would assist in further research • 85% would like to receive further information about Habia’s products and services • 65% preferred contact method is post

Conclusion The conclusions derived from the skills survey and discussed by the African Caribbean Hair Forum are as follows: Sector Profile

• This is a sector where the majority of businesses employ between 4 and 10 employees in a mixed African Caribbean unisex and European hair salon in an urban location.

Business Growth

• The industry is apparently buoyant, but continued business growth will be dependent upon an adequate supply of suitably trained and competent staff.

• The survey did not establish the nature of increased client spending: inflation,

increased client numbers, or increased spend per capita on core and/or diversified services.

Information Technology

• Although a large number of salons use a computer in running their business only half the respondents use email in their business and fewer access websites on the internet.

Staffing and Recruitment

• The African Caribbean hair industry is female dominated, with more staff in full time employment than part time.

• This sector experiences recruitment difficulties, and staff turnover in the industry is

particularly high. The reasons are not identified, e.g. whether people move to other employers, self-employment, or leave the sector altogether.

• African Caribbean senior stylists are the most difficult and in demand job role to

recruit.

• The most popular recruitment method was by recommendation using word of mouth and placing an advert in the salon.

Training

• Training was undertaken by all job roles in the previous 12 months and African Caribbean senior stylists were the most common job role to undertake training. There is a variable picture of forecast provision in training across job roles for the forthcoming 12 months.



• Salon assistant is the job role with the largest decrease in training forecast for next

year, and junior barbers are the job role with the largest increase in training for next year.

• Management roles have an increase in training planned for next year.

Skills Gaps

• The respondents were asked about skills needs in African Caribbean hair services (including barbering and hair extensions), European hairdressing and barbering, other services and business skills.

• Skills in particular planned for development by the respondents in African Caribbean

hair relate to locing, cap weaving, wigs, creating 2 and 3D patterns in hair and facial treatments including face massage (barbering).

• European hairdressing skill gaps focus on retailing products in both areas, hair

extension services and facial treatments and massage, which reflects the skill need in African Caribbean barbering.

• Diversification into other services is popular and skills for development are planned to

offer general beauty therapy treatments (by a mixture of existing staff and recruitment) and nails services entirely by recruitment.

• The respondents were interested in developing further knowledge in the background

science of the skin and hair and understanding government training programmes.

• Marketing and PR, understanding employment law and business planning are business skills that need to be raised across the sector.

Engagement with Habia

• Awareness of Habia was good among respondents.

• There is willingness to assist Habia with further research and find out more about Habia products and services.

• Communication by post is the preferred method.



Recommendations From this research and discussion with the Habia African Caribbean Hair Forum and Expert Working Group, it is recommended that Habia consider the following actions:

• Develop a strategy to assist businesses to address the technical and business skills gaps identified, including:

• Review NOS and, where necessary, develop new NOS and qualification

structures to ensure skills gaps are covered.

• Source and promote existing NOS and N/SVQ support materials available from Habia and others.

• Investigate the reasons for the high staff turnover. Research should focus on the

views of employees, to supplement the views of employers who responded to this survey.

• Ascertain the nature of the staff turnover: what percentage represents staff moving

from one employer to another while remaining in the African Caribbean hair industry and what percentage is staff leaving the industry altogether.

• Research whether the recruitment difficulties identified in this project are inhibiting

business expansion, in particular with regards to the shortage of African Caribbean senior stylists.

• Carry out more detailed research to establish whether employers offering training

experience fewer difficulties with recruitment than employers who do not offer training.

• Investigate the working relationships between centres/colleges and employers in

order to:

• Investigate the difficulties in recruitment, in particular African Caribbean senior stylists

• Improve the retention of students on Level 3 courses • Investigate the destination of students upon qualifying

• To work with industry to develop a glossary to standardise technical terms across the

industry. • Conduct future communications to the industry by post as appropriate. • Devise a strategy to raise Habia’s profile with the African Caribbean hair industry



1. Introduction

1.1 Background to the Project Habia is the government-approved standards setting body for African Caribbean hair, hair, beauty, barbering, nails and spa therapy, and creates the standards that form the basis of all qualifications including NVQs, SVQs and Apprenticeships, as well as Codes of Practice. After consultation with industry during the review of the hairdressing standards in 2004, and due to the growth of the African Caribbean hair industry, separate National Occupational Standards were written for African Caribbean hair for the first time. In recognition of these standards, Habia set up an African Caribbean Hair Forum of industry professionals in 2005 whose purpose is to advise Habia on areas such as skill issues affecting the industry, Habia projects and initiatives and to provide guidance on what qualifications are needed to meet industry standards. In 2005, in consultation with the African Caribbean forum, Habia launched its first ever skills survey into the African Caribbean hair industry to collect data from the industry to establish what skills gaps exist, what qualifications and training are needed and the current level of business activity in the sector. 1.2.1 Methodology Habia defined the themes for the research and designed a draft questionnaire. The draft questionnaire was tested with the African Caribbean Hair Forum that represents the views of a representative cross section of the African Caribbean hair industry. Habia then produced the final version of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed using SNAP software and was posted on the Habia website for respondents to complete and submit in November 2005, with a closing date of 16 December 2005. In addition, the questionnaire was mailed out to a total of 300 African Caribbean hair businesses. Habia staff compiled a database of employers for the mailing of the questionnaire through research and by drawing on contacts of the Habia African Caribbean Hair Forum. The majority of the salons mailed were concentrated in London and Birmingham. At the closing date in December the deadline for receipt of the questionnaire was extended until 23 January 2005 to allow follow up calls to be conducted to the mailing contacts. A total of 20 questionnaires were received with a geographical concentration in London and the South East, the North of England and the Midlands and East of England. 69% of the respondents stated the percentage of turnover from African Caribbean hair services (including barbering and hair extension services) was 80% or above. The results were then analysed and taken to the Habia African Caribbean Hair Expert Working Group for comments. The group are an independent set of employers, representatives from further education and manufacturers who are currently involved in the development of National Occupational Standards specifically for African Caribbean Hair. Habia then proceeded to conduct a more detailed analysis of the data, which forms the basis of the present report.



Table 1.2.1 shows the breakdown of responses received. Table 1.2.1 Sector Number of

questionnaires issued

Number of questionnaires returned

% Response rate

African Caribbean 300 20 7% The main messages analysis and a more detailed analysis of the data form the basis of this report.



2. Results 2.1 Respondents Chart 2.1a represents the respondents’ job roles. The majority of the respondents defined themselves as salon owner (88%). Almost all the respondents were in a management role within a salon. Those stating ‘other’ (12%) defined themselves as:

• Programme co-ordinator for African Caribbean Hair • Director of Education

Chart 2.1a Job roles

88%

12%

Salon Ow ner

Other



2.2 Industry Profile 2.2.1 Business type A total of 20 businesses responded to the questionnaire. The majority of the responses were received from single salon businesses (90%). The ‘other’ response was received from a college. Of the 20 businesses, the majority of the respondents described their business as a mixed African Caribbean Unisex and European hairdressing salon (35%) depicted by chart 2.2.1b.

Chart 2.2.1a Business type

Franchise business

5%

Other 5%

Single salon 90%

Chart 2.2.1b Business type

Mixed AC unisex and Euro

35%

Mixed AC and Euro barbers/men's

15%

Mixed AC and Euro ladies15%

AC barbers/mens 5%

AC ladies 5%

AC unisex salon 20%

other5%



Chart 2.2.1c illustrates the hair types worked on in the respondent’s business. The majority of the respondents work on African Caribbean, Natural (untreated African Caribbean hair type) and European hair types in their business (72%), with a fairly even split between African Caribbean only and African Caribbean and European hair types. Chart 2.2.1d shows that the majority of the respondents employ between 4 and 10 staff in their business (81%). When asked how many staff were self-employed (excluding the salon owner) the respondents stated an average of two staff were self-employed within their businesses.

Chart 2.2.1d Employees

1 to 313%

4 to 10 81%

10+6%

Chart 2.2.1c Hair types

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

AC, Natural andEuropean

AC only AC and European AC and Natural



The majority of the respondents’ businesses are located in an urban environment (89%), chart 2.2.1e. Chart 2.2.1f shows the geographical split of the respondents. The majority of the respondents were from London and the South East (63%). There were no respondents to the questionnaire from the South West of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland or Wales.

Chart 2.2.1e Business locality

Rural 11%

Urban 89%

Chart 2.2.1f Geographical location

Midlands & East21%

North16%

London & SE63%



2.2.2 Technology Technology is used in salons in the African Caribbean industry. Over half of the respondents stated that they use a computer (70%) and email (55%) in their business. Accessing websites on the Internet was less popular and the least used method by the respondents (40%), chart 2.2.2a.

Chart 2.2.2a Technology usage as a percentage of the respondents

010

2030

405060

7080

90100

Computer Email Websites

%



2.2.3 Interaction with Habia More respondents had heard of Habia (83%) than has not heard of Habia (17%) prior to completing the questionnaire, chart 2.2.3a. Encouragingly, 85% of the respondents would be willing to join a group of correspondents who would assist Habia with further research, and 85% of the respondents requested further information about Habia products and services. When asked about their preferred contact methods the respondents stated post (65%) as the most preferred method, followed by telephone (60%), illustrated by chart 2.2.3b.

Chart 2.2.3a Awareness of Habia as a % of the respondents

Yes 83%

No17%

Chart 2.2.3b Preferred contact method as a % of the respondents

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Post Telephone Email Dow nload fromHabia w eb site

Fax

%



2.3 Employers and their staff Of the 107 staff currently employed in salons, the majority are female (74%) as opposed to male (26%). There are more staff in full-time employment (61%) than part-time (39%). Chart 2.3a and Table 2.3b illustrate the breakdown of staff across the different job roles and working hours. ‘Other’ job roles referred to were beauticians by two businesses.

Receptionists

Sat staff /apps

Unqualified stylist

Unqualified barber

Salon Asst

Jnr stylist

Jnr barber

Snr stylist

Snr barber

Salon Mgr

Salon owner

Male part-time

Female part-time0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Num

ber

Chart 2.3a Staffing

Table 2.3.b

Male part-time Male full-time Female part-time Female full-time Receptionists 2 0 5 5Sat staff /apps 1 1 6 2Unqualified stylist 1 0 1 1Unqualified barber 1 1 0 0Salon Asst 1 2 5 2Jnr stylist 0 0 4 4Jnr barber 1 3 0 0Snr stylist 1 4 9 13Snr barber 2 1 0 3Salon Mgr 0 3 1 5Salon owner 0 3 1 12Total 10 18 32 47



2.3.1 Staff Qualifications A total of 75 (90%) of the 86 staff were reported to hold a qualification relevant to their current job role by employers, depicted by table 2.3.1a. This is a high percentage and indicates a bias from the respondents who are actively involved in education and training and not representative of the African Caribbean hair sector as a whole. The most popular qualification currently held by staff is Hairdressing N/SVQ Level 2 or 3 with African Caribbean options or equivalent (46%). Almost all employees in a technical role held a qualification relevant to their job role depicted by table 2.3.1a.


Copyright © Habia 2006 J:\HABIA\2005 SSDA\Sector Information\African Caribbean\Report V1 Jan 06.doc

March 2006 Page 18 of 66

Table 2.3.1a

No relevant quals

African Caribbean Manufacturers Training

Hairdressing L1 NVQ

Hairdressing L1 NVQ with AC options

Hairdressing L2 NVQ

Hairdressing L2 NVQ with AC options

Receptionist 5 (56%) 0 0 0 2 (22%) 1 (11%)Saturday staff /apps 1 (13%) 3 (38%) 1 (13%) 0 2 (25%) 1 (13%)Salon assistant (Level 1) 1 (9%) 1 (9%) 2 (18%) 1 (9%) 3 (27%) 2 (18%)Junior stylist (Level 2) 1 (6%) 1 (6%) 1 (6%) 1 (6%) 3 (18%) 2 (12%)Junior barber (Level 2) 0 0 0 0 0 1 (50%)Senior stylist (Level 3) 0 1 (7%) 0 1 (7%) 2 (13%) 4 (27%)Senior barber (Level 3) 1 (33%) 0 0 0 0 0Salon manager 0 0 0 0 0 0Salon owner 0 0 0 0 0 0Total 9 (10%) 6 (7%) 4 (5%) 3 (3%) 12 (14%) 11 (13%)



The respondents were asked the following question: ‘If you stated no relevant qualifications, please indicate the average number of years industry experience for an average staff member’. A total of 86 staff were referred to. Of the staff not holding a relevant qualification, the majority of staff working in salons have between 15 and 25 years’ experience. Chart 2.3.1b portrays the results as a % of the respondents. 2.3.2 Recruitment Employers were confident of increasing employee numbers and industry growth. Chart 2.3.2a represents the responses to the question “Does your business employ more or less staff than one year ago?” Actual numbers had stayed the same or increased over this 12 month period in 85% of businesses (30% more, 55% same) illustrating a positive growth trend. This positive trend continues. Chart 2.3.2b illustrates that 90% of employers are expecting to employ the same or a higher number of staff in 12 months’ time than were employed at the date of this survey (70% more, 20% same).

Chart 2.3.2a Does your business employ more or less staff than one year ago?

30%

55%

15%

More

Same

Less

Chart 2.3.1b Years experience of as a % of the respondents

15 to 2025%

10 to 1538%

0 to 537%



Chart 2.3.2b Do you expect to employ more or less staff in one year's time compared to now?

70%

20%

10%

More

Same

Less

Chart 2.3.2c illustrates the recruitment data as a percentage of the 20 businesses. Difficulty was experienced recruiting across all job roles, except for receptionists. Saturday staff/apprentices (32%) and African Caribbean senior stylists (26%) are the job roles most sought after by recruiting employers in the previous 12 months. The most difficulty is experienced when recruiting African Caribbean senior stylists (32%) and African Caribbean junior stylists (26% of businesses experienced difficulty). Where the percentage difficulty figure exceeds the percentage recruitment figure, it can be assumed that some salons attempted unsuccessfully to recruit staff in this category. Of the respondents, 24% stated that the most common current vacancies were African Caribbean senior stylists, followed by African Caribbean junior stylists (19%) and African Caribbean salon assistants (14%), as illustrated by Chart 2.3.2d. Beautician was the job role stated for current vacancies in the ‘Other’ category by two respondents.

Chart 2.3.2c Recruitment by salons in the last 12 months as a % of the respondents

05

101520253035

AC hair snr stylist L3

AC hair jnr stylist L2

AC Hair salon asst L1

Salon mgr

AC hair jnr barber L2

Sat staff/apps

AC hair snr barber L3

Salon owner

Receptionist

%

Recruited

Diff iculty



Chart 2.3.2d Current vacancies as a % of total vacancies

AC jnr stylist L219%

Salon ow ner 8%Salon mgr

8%

AC snr barber L35%

AC snr stylist L324%

AC jnr barber L23%

Recptionist11%

Sat staff /apprentices

8%AC salon asst L1

14%

Chart 2.3.2e shows the number of vacancies in each job role as a percentage of existing employees in that category. The high vacancy rate for African Caribbean junior stylists (100%) reflects the difficulty experienced by employers when recruiting for this job role. The most in-demand job role at present is that of African Caribbean junior stylist (100%). Table 2.3.2f illustrates an overall vacancy rate of 39%, which suggests that employers in the African Caribbean hair industry experience recruitment difficulties.

Chart 2.3.2e Vacancies as a % of existing employees

0%20%40%60%80%

100%120%

AC jnr stylist L2

AC salon asst L1

Salon mgr

AC snr barber L3

AC snr stylist L3

Receptionist

Saturday staff / apprentices

AC jnr barber L2



Table 2.3.2f

Job Role Number of vacanciesNumber of existing employees

Vacancies as a % of existing employees

Receptionist 4 12 33%Saturday staff / apprentices 3 10 30%AC salon asst L1 5 10 50%AC jnr stylist L2 7 7 100%AC jnr barber L2 1 4 25%AC snr stylist L3 9 25 36%AC snr barber L3 2 5 40%Salon mgr 3 7 43%Salon owner 3 15 20%Total 37 95 39% (mean) Employers were asked about the actual numbers of staff recruited in the past year, subdivided by age group. Chart 2.3.2g and Table 2.3.2h show the variation in the uptake of staff in the different age groups expressed as a percentage of the 98 recruits. The intake of staff to the industry is fairly young, with the majority of staff (36%) aged between 16 and 34. There were a total of 98 recruits with a total number of staff of 107, and staff turnover is 92% per annum, which is a very high figure for the sector. Table 2.3.2h

Chart 2.3.2g Age groups as a % of the total

14-163%

55+2%

45-549%

35-4430%

24-3420%

16-2436%

Age group Number of employees14-16 316-24 3524-34 2035-44 2945-54 955+ 2Total 98



Chart 2.3.2i and Table 2.3.2j illustrate the breakdown across the age groups and job roles of staff recruited to the businesses. The majority of staff are currently employed as senior stylists (23%) with the majority of staff employed in the industry aged between 24 and 34. Table 2.3.2j

Receptionist

Sat staff/apps

Unqualified stylist

Unqualified barber

Salon Asst

Jnr stylist

Jnr barber

Snr stylist

Snr barber

Salon Mgr

Salon owner

14-1616-24

24-3435-4445-5455+

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Num

ber

Chart 2.3.2i Age groups of staff

14-16 16-24 24-34 35-44 45-54 55+ Total Receptionist 0 6 1 2 1 0 10Sat staff/apps 2 7 0 0 0 0 9Unqualified stylist 0 1 0 0 0 0 1Unqualified barber 0 1 0 0 0 0 1Salon Asst 1 6 2 0 0 0 9Jnr stylist 0 6 2 3 0 0 11Jnr barber 0 3 0 0 0 0 3Snr stylist 0 5 9 6 3 0 23Snr barber 0 0 4 2 0 0 6Salon Mgr 0 0 0 7 3 0 10Salon owner 0 0 2 9 2 2 15



The most popular methods used by employers to recruit staff, depicted by chart 2.3.2k, are word of mouth (70%) and placing an advert in the salon (45%). Advertising in local press and recruitment websites were the least used methods.

Chart 2.3.2k Recruitment methods

01020304050607080

Word of m

outh

In the

salon

Loca

l coll

ege

Advert

ise in

trade p

ress

Recrui

tmen

t age

ncy

Advert

ise in

loca

l pres

s

Recrui

tmen

t webs

ite

%



2.3.3 Staff Training Employers were asked to state which categories of staff had undertaken training in the last year and those that are expected to undertake training over the next year. Training was undertaken across all job roles in the past year, with the most common job role to undertake training to be senior stylists (45%). Chart 2.2.3a shows a mix of an increase and decrease in training across job roles for the forthcoming year. Management roles in the salon show an increase in training planned for the forthcoming year. Senior stylists, salon assistants and Saturday staff/apprentices show a decrease in training for the forthcoming year, while for those in a receptionist, junior stylist, and senior barber job role, training will remain the same.

05

1015202530354045

%

Salon owner

Snr stylist L3

Salon mgt

Receptionist

Jnr stylist L2

Salon asst L1

Jnr barber L2

Snr barber L3

Sat staff/apps

Chart 2.2.3a Staff training

Last Year

Next Year



2.4 Services and Skills Gaps 2.4.1 African Caribbean Hairdressing Services Chart 2.4.1a illustrates the African Caribbean hairdressing services currently offered by the respondents as a percentage of the respondents. All the respondents offered shampooing and conditioning and cutting of African Caribbean hair in their businesses. The most popular African Caribbean hairdressing services currently offered by the respondents are conditioning treatments (95%), neutralising (95%), colouring (90%), relaxing (90%), setting/finger waving (90%) and texturising (90%). A full list of the ‘other’ services mentioned by respondents can be found in Annex 2. The respondents were asked to indicate the percentage of their business turnover that came purely from the African Caribbean hair services (including barbering and hair extension services). Sixty-eight percent of the respondents stated their turnover from these services to be 80% or above and 89% of the respondents stated their turnover from these services of 50% or above. A full list of percentages can be located in Annex 2.

Chart 2.4.1a African Caribbean hair services currently offered

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Shampooing & Conditioning

Cutting

Conditioning treatments

Neutralising

Colouring

Relaxing

Perming

Setting/finger waving

Texturising

Drying natural hair

Finishing Hair

Personal grooming , aftercare,

Retailing AC hair products

Sculpting/moulding gel styles

Traditional weaving

Dressing long hair

Plaiting / braiding natural hair

Pressing and tonging

Thermal styling / iron

Corrective colouring

Corrective relaxing

Natural hair management

Scalp massage

Locing (natural hair)

Cap weaving

%

% of businesses currently offering

Chart 2.4.1b and Table 2.4.1c illustrate the African Caribbean hairdressing services the respondents plan to offer either using existing staff or by recruitment as a percentage of the respondents. The respondents expressed interest in planning to offer plaiting/braiding natural hair (15%) with all the respondents selecting this service planning to offer this by recruitment. The respondents also expressed interest in offering locing natural hair (15%) and cap weaving (15%) services. More of the respondents planned to offer these services by recruitment rather than using existing staff.



Sixty percent of the respondents to the questionnaire expressed that they would like to receive further knowledge about the background of the skin and hair. Table 2.4.1c

Code

% of businesses planning to offer using existing staff

% of businesses planning to offer by recruitment

Total % of businesses with skills gap

Plaiting/braiding natural hair B 0 15 15Locing (natural hair) D 5 10 15Cap weaving NC 5 10 15Corrective colouring D 5 5 10Scalp massage B 5 5 10Colouring B+D 0 5 5Setting/finger waving B+D 0 5 5Texturising D 0 5 5Drying natural hair B 0 5 5Retailing AC hair products B+D 0 5 5Sculp/mould gel styles D 0 5 5Trad weaving NC 0 5 5Pressing & tonging B/NC 5 0 5Thermal styling / iron D 0 5 5Corrective relaxing D 5 0 5Natural hair management NC 0 5 5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

%

Plaiting/braiding natural hair

Locing (natural hair)

Cap weaving

Corrective colouring

Scalp massage

Colouring

Setting/finger waving

Texturising

Drying natural hair

Retailing AC hair products

Sculp/mould gel styles

Trad weaving

Pressing & tonging

Thermal styling / iron

Corrective relaxing

Natural hair mgt

Chart 2.4.1b African Caribbean hair skill gaps as a % of the respondents

% of businesses planning to offer byrecruitment

% of businesses planning to offerusing existing staff



Code Description A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered



2.4.2 African Caribbean barbering services The respondents were also asked to comment on the African Caribbean barbering services currently offered by their business. Chart 2.4.2a illustrates the African Caribbean barbering services currently offered as a percentage of all the respondents. The most popular services currently offered are cutting (75%), colouring (65%), relaxing (65%) and neutralising (65%). Chart 2.4.2b and Table 2.4.2c illustrate the African Caribbean barbering services the respondents plan to offer either using existing staff or by recruitment as a percentage of the respondents. The respondents expressed the most interest in planning to offer services of creating 2D and 3D designs in hair (both 30%), with an equal split between using existing staff and by recruitment. Facial treatments including massage (25%) was also a popular service the respondents plan to offer, with more businesses planning to offer this service by recruitment rather than using existing staff to deliver the service.

Chart 2.4.2a African Caribbean barbering

01020304050607080

Cutting

Colouri

ng

Relaxin

g

Neautr

alisin

g

Perming

Fading a

nd gr

adua

tion

Styling

Scalp m

assa

ge

Shavin

g & af

tercare

Retailin

g

Creatin

g 2D de

signs

Creatin

g 3D de

signs

Facial

treatm

ents

inc m

assa

ge

%

% of businesses currently offeringAfrican Caribbean barbering services



Table 2.4.2c

Code

Description

A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

%

Creating 2D designs

Creating 3D designs

Facial inc massage

Colouring

Shaving & aftercare

Retailing

Cutting

Styling

Scalp massage

Relaxing

Neautralising

Perming

Fading & graduation

Chart 2.4.2b African Caribbean barbering skill gaps as a % of the respondents


% of businesses planning to offer usingexisting staff

Code




Creating 2D designs E 15 15 30Creating 3D designs E 15 15 30Facial inc massage E 5 20 25Colouring C 10 10 20Shaving & aftercare E 5 15 20Retailing C 5 15 20Cutting C 10 5 15Styling C 5 10 15Scalp massage C 10 5 15Relaxing C 5 5 10Neautralising C 5 5 10Perming C 5 5 10Fading & graduation C 5 5 10



2.4.3 Hair extension services The respondents were asked to comment on hair extensions they currently offer and plan to offer in their business. Chart 2.4.3a illustrates the hair extension services currently offered as a percentage of the respondents. The most popular services were bonding (85%) followed by weaving (80%) and plaits/braids (15%). A list of ‘other’ African Caribbean hair extension services offered can be found in Annex 2. Chart 2.4.3b and Table 2.4.3c illustrate the hair extension services that the respondents plan to offer as a percentage of the respondents. There was an interest from the most respondents in developing further skills in locing (25%, the majority by recruitment) and wigs (25%, the majority by using existing staff). Locing is the most popular service the respondents plan to offer by recruitment, and wigs are the most popular service the respondents plan to offer using existing staff. A full list of other services can be found in Annex 2.

Chart 2.4.3a Hair extension services

0102030405060708090

Bondin

g

Weaving

Plaits/

braids

Locin

g Wigs

%

% of businesses currentlyoffering hair extensionservices



Table 2.4.3c

Code Description A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered

* NB. National Occupational Standards can be downloaded from www.ukstandards.org

0

5

10

15

20

25

%

Locing Wigs Plaits/braids Weaving Bonding

Chart 2.4.3b Hair extension skill gaps as a % of the repondents

% of businesses planning tooffer by recruitment

% of businesses planning tooffer using existing staff

Code




Locing D 10 15 25Wigs NC 15 10 25Plaits/braids B 5 10 15Weaving D 5 5 10Bonding D 5 0 5



2.4.4 European hairdressing services The European hair services currently offered by the respondents were investigated and are illustrated by chart 2.4.4a as a percentage of the respondents. The most popular European hair services currently offered by the respondents are cutting (95%), styling (90%) and conditioning treatments (85%). A list of other services can be located in Annex 2. The European hair services the respondents plan to offer are illustrated by chart 2.4.4b and Table 2.4.4c. Hair extensions are the most popular service the respondents plan to offer (25%) with the majority of the respondents planning to offer this service using existing staff. The next most popular service the respondents plan to offer is retailing (10%) with an even split between using existing staff and by recruitment. The respondents plan to offer colouring, relaxing, perming and neutralising, all by recruitment of staff.

Chart 2.4.4a European hair services currently offered as a % of the respondents

0102030405060708090

100

Cutting

Styling

Condit

ioning

treatm

ents

Colouri

ng

Relaxin

g

Perming

Retalin

g

Neutra

lising

Hair ex

tensio

ns

%

% of businesses currentlyoffering Europeanhairdressing services



Table 2.4.4c Code Description A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered

0

5

10

15

20

25

%

Hair extensions

Retailing

Colouring

Relaxing

Perming

Neutralising

Chart 2.4.4b European hair services skill gaps as a % of the respondents

% of businesses planningto offer by recruitment

% of businesses planningto offer using existing staff

Code




Hair extensions D 15 10 25Retailing B+D 5 5 10Colouring B+D 0 5 5Relaxing B+D 0 5 5Perming B+D 0 5 5Neutralising B+D 0 5 5



2.4.5. European barbering services The respondents were also asked to comment on the European barbering services currently offered by their business. Chart 2.4.5a illustrates the European barbering services currently offered as a percentage of the respondents. The most popular services currently offered are cutting (68%) and colouring (58%), followed by relaxing (53%) and neutralising (53%). The European barbering services the respondents plan to offer are illustrated by chart 2.4.5b and Table 2.4.5c. All the services the respondents are planning to offer are by recruitment. The most popular services the respondents are planning to offer are facial treatments and massage (16%) and retailing of European hair products (11%).

Chart 2.4.5a European barbering services currently offered as a % of the respondents

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Cutting

Colouri

ng

Relaxin

g

Neutra

lising

Perming

Styling

Retailin

g

Shavin

g & af

tercare

Facial

treats

& mas

sage

%

% of businesses currently offeringEuropean barbering services



Table 2.4.5c Code Description A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered

02468

10121416

%

Facial treats & massage

Retailing

Cutting

Colouring

Relaxing

Neutralising

Perming

Styling

Shaving & aftercare

Chart 2.4.5b European barbering skill gaps as a % of the respondents

% of businesses planning tooffer by recruitment

Code




Facial treats & massage E 0 16 16Retailing C 0 11 11Cutting C 0 5 5Colouring C 0 5 5Relaxing C 0 5 5Neutralising C 0 5 5Perming C 0 5 5Styling C+E 0 5 5Shaving & aftercare E 0 5 5



2.4.6 Other Services Chart 2.4.6a illustrates the ‘Other Services’ currently offered as a percentage of the respondents. The most popular services were hairdressing European hair (80%) and European barbering (50%). Other than hair services, nail services were the most common other service offered, with 35% of the respondents offering natural nails and 30% offering artificial nail services. ‘Other’ services currently offered that were mentioned by the respondents were:

• eyelash extensions • eyebrow shaping

Chart 2.4.6a Other services currently offered as a % of the respondents

010

2030

4050

6070

8090

Hairdre

ssing

Europe

an hair

Barberi

ng Euro

pean

hair

Natural

nail s

ervice

s

Artificia

l nail

s

Beauty

thera

py

Indian

Hea

d Mas

sage

%

% of businesses currentlyoffering



Chart 2.4.6b and Table 2.4.6c illustrate how respondents plan to offer other services as a percentage of the respondents. There was an interest from the most respondents in developing further skills in beauty therapy (30%) and Indian head massage (30%), with the majority of the respondents planning to offer these services by recruitment. 25% of the respondents also plan to offer artificial nail services (25%) and natural nail services (25%) entirely by recruitment. The respondents plan to recruit staff to offer the majority of other services mentioned except for hairdressing European hair.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

%

Beauty therapy Indian head massageArtificial nail servicesNatural nail services Barbering European hair

Hairdressing European hair

Chart 2.4.6b Other services skill gaps as a % of the respondents


% of businesses planning to offerusing existing staff

Table 2.4.6c

Code




Beauty therapy * 5 25 30Indian head massage G 10 20 30Artificial nail services ** 0 25 25Natural nail services *** 0 25 25Barbering European hair C+E 5 10 15Hairdressing European hair A+B+D 0 0 0



*Habia Beauty Therapy National Occupational Standards (NOS) Levels 1, 2, 3 **Habia Beauty Therapy National Occupational Standards (NOS) Level 2 and Nail Services Level 2 *** Habia Beauty Therapy National Occupational Standards (NOS) Level 3 and Nail Services Level 3 Code Description A L 1 Hairdressing (with AC options) B L2 Hairdressing (with AC options) C L2 Barbering (with AC options) D L3 Hairdressing (with AC options) E L3 Barbering (with AC options) NC Not Covered



2.4.7 General Business Skills The final skill area investigated was general business skills. This section was used to cover non-technical skills identified by the African Caribbean Hair Forum. The respondents were asked to select from a list those skills that they would benefit from receiving more knowledge about to improve their businesses operation and profitability. Chart 2.4.7a expresses the results as a percentage of the respondents. The respondents were most interested in increasing their knowledge in the background knowledge of skin and hair and understanding government training programmes (60%). Business skill needs the respondents are interested in receiving further information about are marketing and PR and understanding employment law (both 55%) and business planning, improving client care and increasing retail sales (all 50%).

Chart 2.4.7a Business skill gaps as a % of the respondents

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Understanding government training programmes

Marketing & PR

Understanding employment law

Business planning

Improving client care

Increasing retail sales

Hygiene

Health & safety

Security of premises and staff safety

Understanding personnel practice

Information technology

Reception

%



Table 2.4.7b

Skills gap

Number of businesses with gap

% of businesses with gap

Understanding government training programmes 12 60Marketing & PR 11 55Understanding employment law 11 55Business planning 10 50Improving client care 10 50Increasing retail sales 10 50Hygiene 9 45Health & safety 8 40Security of premises and staff safety 7 35Understanding personnel practice 7 35Information technology 6 30Reception 6 30 * Habia has support materials available for these areas



3. Conclusion of the Survey The main findings from the skills survey are set out in table format below. The conclusions derived from the survey follow each section. SECTOR PROFILE

• 90% single salons • 5% franchise salons • 35% mixed African Caribbean Unisex and European Hair • 81% 4-10 employees • 11% rural location

This is a sector where businesses employing between 4 and 10 employees in a mixed African Caribbean unisex and European hair salon in an urban location dominate. BUSINESS GROWTH

• 85% employ the same (55%) or more (30%) staff over the last 12 months • 90% expect to employ the same (20%) or more (70%) staff in the next 12 months

The industry is apparently buoyant, but continued business growth will be dependent upon an adequate supply of suitably trained and competent staff. The survey did not establish the nature of increased client spending: inflation, increased client numbers, or increased spend per capita on core and/or diversified services. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• 70% use a computer in their business • 55% use email in their business • 40% access website on the internet

Although a large number of salons use a computer in running their business only half the respondents use email in their business and fewer access websites on the internet. STAFFING AND RECRUITMENT

• 74% female staff • 61% ful- time staff • 39% par- time staff • 90% of staff hold a qualification relevant to their job role • 23% of staff are qualified to S/NVQ Level 3 with African Caribbean options • Difficulty in recruiting across all job roles except receptionist • 32% Saturday staff / apprentices and 26% African Caribbean senior stylists are the most sought after

vacancies in the previous 12 months • African Caribbean senior stylists are the most difficult to recruit and most sought after for current vacancies • Staff turnover 92% • 36% of staff are aged 16-34 • Most popular recruitment methods are by word of mouth and adverts in the salon

The African Caribbean Hair industry is female dominated, with more staff in full-time employment than part-time. There are high levels of staff holding a qualification relevant to their job role, with the majority of staff qualified to S/NVQ Level 3 with African Caribbean options. This sector experiences recruitment difficulties and staff turnover in the industry is particularly high. The reasons are not identified, e.g. whether people move to other employers, self-employment, or leave the sector altogether. African Caribbean senior stylists are the most difficult and in demand job role to recruit.



The most popular recruitment method was by recommendation using word of mouth and advertising in the salon. TRAINING

• The majority of job roles participated in training during the past year • Senior stylists were the most popular job role to undertake training • Decrease in training next year across some job roles

Training was undertaken by all job roles in the previous 12 months and African Caribbean senior stylists were the most popular job role to undertake training. There is a mixture of an increase and decrease in training across job roles for the forthcoming 12 months. Salon assistant is the job role with the largest decrease in training planned for next year and junior barbers are the job role with the largest increase in training for next year. Management roles have an increase in training planned for next year. SERVICES AND SKILLS GAPS

Main African Caribbean hairdressing services currently offered • Conditioning treatments and neutralising (both 95%), colouring, relaxing, setting/finger waving and

texturising (all 90%)

Main African Caribbean hairdressing skill shortages: • 60% background knowledge of the skin and hair • 15% each for plaiting /braiding, locing and cap weaving

Main African Caribbean barbering skills shortages:

• 30% creating 2D patterns in hair • 30% creating 3D patterns in hair • 25% facial treatments including massage

Main hair extension skill shortages:

• 25% locing • 25% wigs

Main European hairdressing skill shortages:

• 25% hair extension services • 10% retailing European hair products

Main European barbering skill shortages:

• 16% facial treatments including massage • 11% retailing European barbering products

Other skill gaps

• 30% beauty therapy treatments • 30% Indian head massage • 25% artificial nails • 25% natural nails

Business skills gaps:

• 60% understanding government training programmes • 55% marketing and PR • 55% understanding employment law • 50% business planning • 50% increasing retail skills

The respondents were asked about skills needs in African Caribbean hair services (including barbering and hair extensions), European hairdressing and barbering, other services and business skills.



Skills in particular planned for development by the respondents in African Caribbean hair relate to locing, cap weaving, wigs, creating 2D and 3D patterns in hair and facial treatments including face massage (barbering). European hairdressing skill gaps focus on retailing products in both areas, hair extension services and facial treatments and massage, which reflects the skill need in African Caribbean barbering. Diversification into other services is popular and skills for development are planned to offer general beauty therapy treatments (a mixture of existing staff and by recruitment) and nails services entirely by recruitment. The respondents were interested in developing further knowledge in the background science of the skin and hair and understanding government training programmes. Marketing and PR, understanding employment law and business planning are business skills that need to be raised across the sector. ENGAGEMENT WITH HABIA

• 83% aware of Habia prior to completing the survey • 85% would assist in further research • 85% would like to receive further information about Habia’s products and services • 65% preferred contact method is post

Awareness of Habia is good in the sector. There is willing to assist Habia with further research and find out more about how Habia products and services. Communication by post is the preferred method.



4. Comments received from the African Caribbean Expert Working Group The Habia African Caribbean Expert Working Group commented on the results of the survey. The group are an independent set of 12 industry representatives comprising employers, representatives from further education and manufacturers who are currently involved in the development of National Occupational Standards specifically for African Caribbean Hair, prior to industry consultation. Most are also members of the Habia African Caribbean Hair Forum. Comments made by the group focused on the areas below:

• There may have been confusion surrounding the interpretation by the respondents of technical terms, for example, wigs can be referred to as weaves.

• The number of staff holding a qualification is high at 90%, and a figure of 60% is more

likely.

• The use of technology by businesses was deemed too high with 70% of the respondents stating that they use a computer in their business. It was commented that the figure was more likely to be in the region of 15%.

• The number of those aware of Habia in the industry is too high at 83% and it was

suggested that 20% of the industry are aware of Habia. It was suggested that Habia work to raise their profile in the industry.

• Almost all salons are currently single salon businesses employing less than four

employees, and the figure of 5% franchise salons is too high. The group commented on an emerging trend towards second salon openings.

• It was agreed that it is unlikely that 23% of staff are qualified to Level 3. The comment

was made that staff prefer on-the-job training in the salon at Level 2 instead of progression to Level 3.

• It was agreed that staff turnover is high in the industry.

• The decrease in training was commented on, and it was suggested that employers

may be reluctant to invest in training due to the high staff turnover. It was also stated that training courses specific to African Caribbean hair are rare.

• The skill gaps and shortages for African Caribbean hair, European hair, hair

extensions and other services were agreed to be representative of the industry and the National Occupational Standards work of the group. It was raised that the skill gaps expressed for creating 2D and 3D patterns in hair (African Caribbean barbering) were misleading as it was felt that this is carried out to a high standard in the industry and this may be more of a skill shortage.



5. Recommendations for the Future

From this research and discussion with the Habia African Caribbean Hair Forum and Expert Working Group, it is recommended that Habia consider the following actions: • Develop a strategy to assist businesses to address the technical and business

skills gaps identified, including:

• Review NOS, and where necessary develop new NOS and qualification structures to ensure skills gaps are covered.

• Source and promote existing NOS and N/SVQ support materials available

from Habia and others.

• Investigate the reasons for the high staff turnover. Research should focus on the views of employees, to supplement the views of employers who responded to this survey.

• Ascertain the nature of the staff turnover: what percentage represents staff

moving from one employer to another while remaining in the African Caribbean hair industry and what percentage is staff leaving the industry altogether.

• Research whether the recruitment difficulties identified in this project are inhibiting

business expansion, in particular with regards to the shortage of African Caribbean senior stylists.

• Carry out more detailed research to establish whether employers offering training

experience fewer difficulties with recruitment than employers who do not offer training.

• Investigate the working relationships between centres/colleges and employers in

order to:

• Investigate the difficulties in recruitment, in particular African Caribbean senior stylists

• Improve the retention of students on Level 3 courses • Investigate the destination of students upon qualifying.

• To work with industry to develop a glossary to standardise technical terms across the industry.

• Conduct future communications to the industry by post as appropriate. • Devise a strategy to raise Habia’s profile with the African Caribbean hair industry



Annex 1 Questionnaire Do you need help recruiting the right staff? Getting the right people for the right job can be difficult and disheartening. What's more, skills shortages can have serious implications for your business. To contribute to your industry it's in your interest to complete and return this questionnaire to Habia by 16 December 2005 to express your views. Habia is conducting a skills survey to establish what skills gaps exist in the African Caribbean hairdressing and barbering industries, what qualifications and training are needed and the current range of business activity. As well as giving an overall picture, the results will be used to influence government programmes to provide new recruits with the skills employers require and to help businesses develop their staff to meet client demand. Habia is registered under the Data Protection Act and your replies are strictly confidential. You will also be entered into the prize draw to win one of our fantastic prizes: Products from Avalon to the value of £300, a basket of professional products from Soft Sheen Carson and a 12 month subscription to Black Beauty and Hair Magazine. Q1 Indicate your business type - tick one box that best describes your

business Single salon business................................ Franchise business................................... One of a group or chain of salons ................ Q2 Tick the box that best describes your business- tick one box African Caribbean unisex salon ................... African Caribbean ladies hairdressing salon . African Caribbean barbers/men's

hairdressing salon ...................................

Mixed African Caribbean and European ladies hairdressing salon ...........................

Mixed African Caribbean and European barbers/men's hairdressing salon.................

Mixed African Caribbean unisex and European hairdressing salon ......................

Q3 Where is the main location of your business? - tick one box England - London & South East................... England - Midlands and East ...................... England - North........................................ England - South West ............................... Northern Ireland ....................................... Scotland ................................................. Wales .................................................... Q4 Indicate the hair types you work with in your business - tick all

appropriate African Caribbean hair ............................... Natural hair ............................................ European hair ..........................................



Q5 Indicate the African Caribbean

HAIRDRESSING services offered by your business and the skills your business plans to offer to meet client demand.

Currently offered Plan to offer

using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting


Drying natural hair Shampooing and

conditioning

Cutting Colouring Corrective

colouring

Relaxing Corrective relaxing

services

Dressing long hair Finishing Hair Neutralising Perming Personal

grooming, aftercare and advice

Plaiting/braiding/ twisting natural hair

Pressing & tonging Retailing/selling

African Caribbean hair products

Natural hair management

Sculpting and moulding gel styles

Setting/finger waving (roll & wrap)

Shampooing & conditioning

Locing techniques (natural hair)

Texturising Thermal styling/

thermal iron

Cap weaving Traditional

weaving

Scalp massage services

Other - please state _______________________________________________



Q6 Indicate the African Caribbean BARBERING services offered by your business and the skills your business plans to offer to meet client demand.


using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting

Cutting Colouring Perming Relaxing Neutralising Styling Creating 2D

cutting designs

Creating 3D cutting designs

Scalp massage services

Fading and graduation

Men's facial treatments including massage

Shaving and aftercare

Retailing products Other - please state __________________

_ Q7 Indicate the hair extension services offered

by your business and the hair extension services your business plans to offer to meet client demand.


using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting

locing techniques Plaits/braids Weaving Wigs Bonding Other - please state __________________

_ Q8 How much of your business turnover comes

purely from the African Caribbean hairdressing and barbering services defined in questions 5-7?

Please state approx % ___________________



Q9 Indicate the services currently offered by your business other than African Caribbean and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand - tick all appropriate boxes


using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting

Artificial nail services

Barbering - European hair

Beauty therapy Hairdressing -

European hair

Indian head massage

Natural nail services


Q10 Indicate the European HAIRDRESSING

services offered by your business- if none leave blank


using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting


Cutting Colouring Perming Relaxing Neutralising Styling Hair extensions Retailing products Other-please state __________________

_



Q11 Indicate the European BARBERING Services offered by your business- if none leave blank


using existing

staff

Plan to offer by

recruiting

Cutting Colouring Perming Relaxing Neutralising Styling Facial treatments,

including massage

Shaving and aftercare

Retailing products Other - please state __________________

_ Q12 Indicate the number of staff that work in your

business including yourself. _____________ Q13 Excluding the salon owner, how many of

these are self employed ? _____________



Q14 Indicate the number of staff working in your

salon in the following job roles that are competent in African Caribbean and European hairdressing.

Number of Staff Competent

in African Caribbean hair at this

Level

Competent in

European hair at this

Level Receptionist Saturday

staff/apprentices

Unqualified working stylist

Unqualified working barber

Salon assistant (Level 1)

Junior stylist (Level 2)

Junior Barber (Level 2)

Senior stylist (Level 3)

Senior barber (Level 3)

Salon manager Salon owner Other - please state full job

title and competence _______________________________________________



Q15 Fill in the NUMBER of each category of staff in your business (including yourself) in terms of gender and full / part time (place staff members in their main category)

Female full time

Female part time

Male full time

Male part time

Receptionist Saturday staff /

apprentices





Junior barber (Level 2)

Senior Stylist (Level 3)

Senior Barber (Level 3)

Salon Manager Salon Owner Other- please state full job

title _______________________________________________

Q16 Please enter the NUMBER of staff in the

relevant age band 14-16 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+

Receptionist Saturday staff

/apprentices






Senior Stylist (Level 3)

Senior Barber (Level 3)

Salon Manager Salon Owner Other - please state full job

title _______________________________________________



Q17 Does your business employ more or less staff than one year ago? - tick one box

More ..................................................... Same .................................................... Less ...................................................... Q18 Do you expect your business to employ more

or less staff in one year's time compared with now? - tick one box

More ..................................................... Same .................................................... Less ...................................................... Q19 Fill in the NUMBER of different categories of

staff (including yourself) with their highest level of qualification achieved or working towards (place staff members in their main category)

Recep-tionist Sat staff/

appren-ticesSalon Asst

L1 Junior stylist L2

No relevant qualifications

African Caribbean manufacturers training

Hairdressing Level 1 NVQ

Hairdressing Level 1 NVQ with African Caribbean options



Barbering Level 2 NVQ

Barbering Level 2 NVQ with African Caribbean options





Management NVQ or equivalent

Other - please state qualification and job role __________________

_____________________________



Q20 Continue question 19 for the additional job roles

Junior barber

L2 Snr stylist

L3 Snr barber L3

Salon Mgr Salon

Owner

No relevant qualifications

African Caribbean manufacturers training











Management NVQ or equivalent

Other - please state qualification and job role __________________

_____________________________

Q21 If you stated 'no relevant qualifications' in

questions 19 and 20 please indicate the average number of years industry experience for an average staff member in this category -tick one box

0-5 ........................................................ 10-15 ..................................................... 15-20 ..................................................... 20+........................................................



Q22 Indicate which categories of staff have undergone training in the last year (including yourself) and those likely to undergo training next year - tick all appropriate

In the last year Likely next year

Receptionist Saturday

staff/apprentices




Senior stylist (Level 3)

Senior barber (Level 3)

Salon Manager Salon owner Other - please state job

title in full _______________________________________________

Q23 Which of the following categories of staff

were recruited to your business last year? Additionally, please indicate if there was any difficulty in recruiting the right people with the right skills for the job - tick all appropriate boxes

Recruited Difficulty Receptionist Saturday

staff/apprentices

African Caribbean hair salon assistant (Level 1)

African Caribbean hair junior stylist (Level 2)

African Caribbean hair junior barber (Level 2)

African Caribbean hair senior stylist (Level 3)

African Caribbean hair senior barber (Level 3)

Salon manager Salon owner Other-please state full job

titles _______________________________________________



Q24 Please write in the number of staff your business is now actively recruiting

Receptionist _______________ Saturday staff/apprentices _______________ African Caribbean hair

salon assistant (Level 1) _______________

African Caribbean hair junior stylist (Level 2) _______________

African Caribbean hair junior barber (Level 2) _______________

African Caribbean hair senior stylist (Level3) _______________

African Caribbean hair senior barber (Level 3) _______________

Salon manager _______________ Salon owner _______________ Other - please state full job

title _______________

Q25 How does your business recruit staff? - tick

appropriate boxes Yes Advertise in trade

press

Advertise in local press

In the salon Local college Recruitment

agency

Recruitment website

Word of mouth Other - please state in full __________________

_____________________________

Q26 Do you use any of the following in the

running of your business? - tick appropriate boxes

Yes Computer Email Access web sites

on the internet



Q27 Would your business benefit from more skill

or knowledge in any of the following? - tick appropriate boxes

Yes Background

knowledge of the science of skin and hair

Business planning Health & Safety Hygiene Improving client

care

Increasing retail sales

Information technology

Marketing and public relations

Reception Security of

premises and staff safety


Understanding personnel practice

Understanding government training programmes


Q28 Which trade magazines do you read regularly

for news and information? ____________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________ Q29 Prior to completing this questionnaire, had

you heard of Habia? - tick one box Yes ....................................................... No.........................................................



Q30 Please indicate what contact methods could

be used by Habia to contact you - tick appropriate boxes

Yes Telephone Email Post Fax Download from

Habia web site

Q31 Habia is forming a group of practitioners who

can assist in further research to benefit the industry. Would you be willing to participate in further surveys?

Yes ....................................................... No.........................................................



Q32 Please complete your contact details below to give Habia some information about yourself so that we can put your replies in greater context.

Job Title _________________________________________________________________

Name _________________________________________________________________

Business Name _________________________________________________________________

Address _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Post Code ___________________________________________

Telephone _______________________________________________________________________________________

Mobile Telephone _______________________________________________________________________________________

Fax _______________________________________________________________________________________

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Do you want to receive more information from Habia (including the results of this survey)? Please answer Yes/No below. If you tick 'yes' the information you provide will be kept on a database and used by Habia to send you the results of this survey plus information about Habia and its products and services. The information will not be shared with any third party. If you tick 'no' the information you have provided will not be added to our database. Habia is registered under the terms of the Data Protection Act 1994, which ensures the security of the information we hold and of our contacts. Q33 Would you like to receive further information

about Habia and our products and services? Yes ....................................................... No......................................................... Thank you for your time in responding to

this questionnaire. If you are completing this online please click on the submit

button at the end of this survey. Alternatively fax back to 01302 774949 or

post back to FREEPOST RLXH-BYJK-SRYA, Habia, Oxford

House, Sixth Avenue, Robin Hood Airport, Doncaster DN9 3GG.

PLEASE RETURN BY 16

DECEMBER 2005



Annex 2 Q1. Indicate your business type – Other Please state Type Number of respondents College 1 Q5. Indicate the African Caribbean hairdressing services currently offered by your business and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand - other Type Number of respondents Rock setting 1 Corn rows 1 Ghanian braid 1 Secret invisible braid 1 Q6. Indicate the African Caribbean barbering services currently offered by your business and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand - other Service Number of respondents Conditioning treatment 1 Corn rows 1 Gel twists 1 Q7. Indicate the African Caribbean hair extension services currently offered by your business and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand – other Service Number of respondents Micro bonding (heat gun) 1 Q9. How much of your business turnover comes purely from the African Caribbean hairdressing and barbering services defined in questions 5-7? Percentage Number of respondents 100 1 98 2 95 2 90 2 85 1 80 5 75 1 70 1 69 1 50 1 40 1 30 1 Q9. Indicate the services currently offered other than African Caribbean and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand - other Service Number of respondents Eyelash extensions 1 Eyebrow shaping 1



Q10. Indicate the European hairdressing services currently offered by your business and the services your business plans to offer to meet client demand – other state Service Number of respondents Plaits (single) 1 Cane rows 1 Q12. Indicate the number of staff that work in your business including yourself Number Number of respondents 5 5

10 3 7 2 13 1

8 1 3 1 2 1 Q13. Excluding the salon owner how many of these are self-employed? Number Number of respondents 3 2 2 2 13 1 9 1 5 1 4 1 3 1 Q14. Indicate the number of staff working in your salon that are competent in African Caribbean hairdressing at this level. Other: Job Role Number of respondents Beautician 1 Q15. Indicate the number of staff working in your salon that are competent in European hairdressing at this level. Other: Job role Number of respondents Beautician 1 Q55. How does your business recruit staff – other Method Number of respondents Job centre 1 Q57. Would your business benefit from more skill or knowledge in any of the following - other Business skill gap Number of respondents Free funding for hairdressers 1



Q58. Which trade magazines do you read regularly for news and information? Magazine Number of respondents Black Beauty & Hair 9 Hairdressers Journal 8 Black Hair 3 Frizz 2 Salon Business 1 NHF Magazine 1 Hype Hair 1 Amina 1 Habia 1 Creative Head 1



Annex 3 Habia Training Materials Support materials are available from Habia to support the delivery of NVQ/SVQ in African Caribbean hair and the skills gaps identified in this report by telephoning 0845 6 123555 or online at http://secure.habia.org. A selection of these materials covering the main skill gaps identified by the survey are listed below: African Caribbean Hairdressing Technical Skill Gap

Suggested resources

Plaiting/braiding African Caribbean Hairdressing Author - Sandra Gittens

Natural Hair Care and Braiding Author - Diane Carol Bailey

The Multicultural Client Author - Milady

Locing African Caribbean Hairdressing Author - Sandra Gittens

Cap weaving African Caribbean Hairdressing Author - Sandra Gittens

African Caribbean Barbering Technical Skill Gap

Suggested resources

Creating 2D patterns in hair United Colors of Hair Author - Diligence

Creating 3D patterns in hair United Colors of Hair Author - Diligence

Facial treatments including massage

Men’s Hairdressing 2nd ed Author - Maurice Lister

Hair Extensions Technical Skill Gaps

Suggested resources

Locing African Caribbean Hairdressing Author - Sandra Gittens

Wigs African Caribbean Hairdressing Author - Sandra Gittens

European Hairdressing Technical Skill Gaps

Suggested resources

Hair extensions Extensions - The Official Guide to Hair Extensions Author - Theresa Bullock

Retailing European hairdressing products

101 Salon Promotions Author - Robert Oppenheim Marketing and Advertising for the Salon Author - Henry Gambino



European Barbering Technical Skill Gaps

Suggested resources

Facial treatments including massage

Men’s Hairdressing 2nd ed Author - Maurice Lister

Retailing European barbering products

101 Salon Promotions Author - Robert Oppenheim Marketing and Advertising for the Salon Author - Henry Gambino

Business Skill Gap Suggested resources Background science of black skin and hair

Black Cosmetology Author - Milady Black Skincare for the Practising Professional Author - Angelo Throwler MD/Henry Gambino MD

Marketing and PR 101 Salon Promotions Author - Robert Oppenheim Marketing and Advertising for the Salon Author - Henry Gambino


Employment Law for Salons Author - Habia

Business planning Salon Management Author - Martin Green Good Practice in Salon Management Author - Dawn Mernagh-Ward/Jennifer Cartwright

Other resources: 28 Black Styles - Kenneth Young Beautiful Black Styles - Louise Cotter Resources for tutors: African Caribbean Pack - Habia Resources for salon owners: Employment Law for Salons - Habia

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