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HALAMAN JUDU L
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN
VALIDASI PENERIMA BANTUAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN
(PKH) DI KECAMATAN WONOSARI MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP-
TOPSIS
SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagai persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Strata Satu
Program Studi Informatika
Disusun Oleh:
Rofiqoh Hasanah
M0512052
PROGRAM STUDI INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
2016
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PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN
VALIDASI PENERIMA BANTUAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN
(PKH) DI KECAMATAN WONOSARI MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP-
TOPSIS
ROFIQOH HASANAH
Program Studi Informatika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRAK
Kemiskinan menjadi salah satu masalah bagi pemerintah Indonesia. Untuk
mengatasi masalah tersebut mulai tahun 2007 Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Dinas
Kementrian Sosial melaksanakan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Berdasarkan
hasil wawancara dengan salah satu pendamping lapangan program PKH di
Kecamatan Wonosari, selama ini data yang digunakan PKH dari Badan Pusat
Statistik (BPS) tidak up to date sehingga menyebabkan masih banyak warga yang
tergolong sangat miskin tidak mendapat mendapat bantuan PKH sedangkan warga
yang bukan tergolong warga sangat miskin justru mendapatkan bantuan PKH. Untuk
mengatasi hal tersebut Pendamping lapangan bersama Pemda setempat berusaha
memfilter peserta penerima PKH, namun pendamping lapangan belum memiliki
ketentuan dalam menentukan batasan nilai dari kriteria tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini
sistem rekomendasi menggunakan metode AHP-TOPSIS. Metode AHP digunakan
untuk menentukan bobot prioritas 12 kriteria dengan memperhatikan konsistensi
bobot kemudian perankingan peserta menggunakan metode TOPSIS dengan
mengutamakan pemilihan berdasarkan jarak terdekat dengan solusi ideal positif dan
jarak terjauh dengan solusi ideal negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini membantu
memberikan rekomendasi penerima PKH. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah
aplikasi yang memberikan keluaran berupa perankingan calon peneraima PKH. Dari
hasil pengujian black box dan white box menyatakan bahwa sistem sudah berjalan
dengan baik. Sedangkan hasil pengujian usability rata-rata nilai System Usability
Scale SUS adalah 82.5 termasuk ke dalam kategori acceptable.
Kata kunci: AHP, Program Keluarga Harapan, sistem pendukung keputusan,
TOPSIS.
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DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR FAMILY HOPE
PROGRAM RECIPIENT VALIDATION IN WONOSARI DISTRICT USING
AHP-TOPSIS METHOD
ROFIQOH HASANAH
Study Program Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas
Maret University
ABSTRACT
Poverty is one of many issues faced by the Indonesian government. To overcome
these problem, since 2007 the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of
Social Affairs Department has committed a program named Family Hope Program
(PKH). Based on the interview with one of the field supervisor of PKH program in
Wonosari district, the PKH program data has been obtained from Central Statistics
Agency (BPS). But, since that time the data has not been updated. That condition
impacts many of the real poor people do not get the support fund, while the people
who are not classified as the real poor get the support fund. The field supervisor with
the local government has tried to select the participant of the PKH program, but the
field supervisor has not had a provision in determining the threshold criteria. As a
solutionof that problem, in this study, a decision support system is implemented using
AHP-TOPSIS method. The AHP method is used to determine the priority weight of
12 criteria with regard to the weight consistency. The participant ranking is obtained
using the TOPSIS method by prioritizing the selection based on the closest distance
from the positive ideal solution and the farthest distance from the negative ideal
solution. The purpose of this study is to provide a suitable recommendation of PKH
recipients. The result of this study is an application program that provides a
candidate ranking of PKH recipients. From the black box and white box testing
result, it can be concluded that the system is running well, while the average value of
usability result testing obtained by System Usability Scale average value is 82.5
which is acceptable.
Keywords: AHP, Family Hope Program, decision support systems, TOPSIS.
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MOTTO
“Tugas akhir yang baik adalah yang cepat selesai dan bermanfaat bagi orang lain”
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PERSEMBAHAN
Skripsi ini dipersembahkan untuk keluarga tercinta yang telah memberikan dukungan
dalam segala hal.
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KATA PENGANTAR
Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat, hidayah serta
inayah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir dengan judul
“Pengembangan Aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Validasi Penerima Bantuan
Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Di Kecamatan Wonosari Menggunakan Metode
AHP-TOPSIS”.
Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu proses
pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini sehingga dapat berwujud sebagaimana yang diharapkan,
yaitu kepada :
1. Bapak Suharta, Ibu Komsatun Maemunah, Azizatun Nikmah dan Muhammad
Zakky Muhtar, keluarga yang senantiasa memberikan kasih sayang,
mendukung serta memberikan semangat.
2. Bapak Ristu Saptono, S.Si., M.T. dan Ibu Rini Anggrainingsih, S.T., M.T.
selaku dosen pembimbing I dan pembimbing II atas ilmu yang diberikan,
bimbingan, kebaikan dan kesabaran kepada penulis selama pelaksanaan
Tugas Akhir.
3. Dwi Pramitha, Ely Desyanawati, Amelia Rahman, Zaenal Abidin, Sajida
Asis, Mailinda Saputri, Irfan Dwi, Nur Huda, Ulfi Nurul, Ajeng Wahyu
Megawati, Sholikhah Ika Mustafa, Merry Andy, sahabat tercinta yang selalu
memberikan warna-warni hidup.
Surakarta, September 2016
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .................................................................................. ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................................... vi
PERSEMBAHAN .................................................................................................... vii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................... 3
1.3 Batasan Masalah .................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................... 4
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan .......................................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................... 5
2.1 Dasar Teori ........................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 Pengertian Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) ................................................... 5
2.1.2 Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................................................................ 7
2.1.3 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) ................................................................. 9
2.1.4 Technique For Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) ... 12
2.1.5 Waterfall ........................................................................................................... 15
2.1.6 System Usability Scale (SUS) ........................................................................... 15
2.1.7 Kompleksitas Siklomatis .................................................................................. 17
2.2 Penelitian Terkait .............................................................................................. 17
2.3 Rencana Penelitian ............................................................................................ 21
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .............................................................. 23
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3.1 Analisis kebutuhan sistem ................................................................................. 23
3.2 Perancangan ....................................................................................................... 24
3.3 Implementasi ...................................................................................................... 25
3.4 Pengujian ............................................................................................................ 25
BAB IV PEMBAHASAN ........................................................................................ 26
4.1 Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem....................................................................... 26
4.1.1 Deskripsi Data ................................................................................................... 26
4.1.2 Analisis Data Calon Penerima Bantuan PKH ................................................... 26
4.1.3 Analisis Kebutuhan Fungsional dan Non-Fungsional ...................................... 27
4.1.4 Proses Perhitungan Rekomendasi ..................................................................... 28
4.1.5 Definisi User ..................................................................................................... 34
4.1.6 Context Diagram ............................................................................................... 35
4.1.7 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) .............................................................................. 35
4.2 Perancangan ....................................................................................................... 37
4.2.1 Perancangan Database ...................................................................................... 37
4.2.2 Perancangan Antarmuka ................................................................................... 37
4.3 Implementasi ...................................................................................................... 43
4.4 Pengujian ................................................................................................... 49
BAB V PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 51
5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................................... 51
5.2 Saran........................................................................................................... 51
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 52
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Skala Saaty ................................................................................................ 11
Tabel 2.2. Rasio Konsistensi ...................................................................................... 12
Tabel 2.3. Skala Penilaian SUS ................................................................................. 16
Tabel 2.4. Skala SUS ................................................................................................. 17
Tabel 2.5. Penelitian Terkait ...................................................................................... 20
Tabel 4.1. Matriks Perbandingan ............................................................................... 28
Tabel 4.2. Matriks Normalisasi .................................................................................. 29
Tabel 4.3. Hasil penjumlahan elemen perbaris .......................................................... 29
Tabel 4.4. Eigen vektor .............................................................................................. 29
Tabel 4.5. Matriks Keputusan .................................................................................... 31
Tabel 4.6. Matriks keputusan ternormalisasi ............................................................. 31
Tabel 4.7. Matriks keputusan ternormalisasi berbobot .............................................. 32
Tabel4.8. Tabel Solusi ideal positif dan negatif ........................................................ 32
Tabel 4.9. Tabel Separasi ........................................................................................... 33
Tabel 4.10. Hasil perhitungan TOPSIS ..................................................................... 33
Tabel 4.11. Tabel Perankingan pada proses TOPSIS ................................................ 33
Tabel 4.12. Tabel perankingan hasil akhir ................................................................. 34
Tabel 4.13. Definisi user ............................................................................................ 34
Tabel 4.14. Kuisioner penyataan SUS ....................................................................... 49
Tabel 4.16. Nilai responden ....................................................................................... 50
Tabel Lampiran 1.1 Hak akses koordinator ............................................................... 57
Tabel Lampiran 1.2 Kebutuhan Non-Fungsional ...................................................... 59
Tabel Lampiran 2.1 Tabel keluarga ........................................................................... 62
Tabel Lampiran 2.2 Tabel kelurahan ......................................................................... 62
Tabel Lampiran 2.3 Tabel kriteria ............................................................................. 63
Tabel Lampiran 2.4 Tabel nilai_kriteria .................................................................... 63
Tabel Lampiran 2.5 Tabel hasil ................................................................................. 63
Tabel Lampiran 2.6 Tabel user .................................................................................. 64
Tabel Lampiran 2.7 Dekomposisi fungsional modul ................................................. 64
Tabel Lampiran 2.8 Fungsi modul FR-01 ................................................................. 65
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Tabel Lampiran 2.9 Spesifikasi objek FR-01 ............................................................ 66
Tabel Lampiran 2.10 Fungsi modul FR-02 ............................................................... 66
Tabel Lampiran 2.11 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-02 ........................................... 67
Tabel Lampiran 2.12 Objek pada layar FR-02 .......................................................... 67
Tabel 2.13 Fungsi modul FR-03 ................................................................................ 68
Tabel Lampiran 2.14 Spesifikasi objek FR-03 .......................................................... 69
Tabel Lampiran 2.15 Fungsi modul FR-04 ............................................................... 69
Tabel Lampiran 2.16 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-04 ........................................... 70
Tabel Lampiran 2.17 Fungsi modul FR-05 ............................................................... 70
Tabel Lampiran 2.18 Spesifikasi objek FR-05 .......................................................... 71
Tabel Lampiran 2.19 Fungsi modul FR-06 ............................................................... 72
Tabel Lampiran 2.20 Spesifikasi field data layar FR-06 ........................................... 72
Tabel Lampiran 2.21 Spesifikasi objek FR-06 .......................................................... 73
Tabel Lampiran 2.22 Fungsi modul FR-07 ............................................................... 73
Tabel Lampiran 2.23 Spesifikasi objek FR-07 .......................................................... 74
Tabel Lampiran 2.24 Fungsi modul FR-08 ............................................................... 74
Tabel Lampiran 2.25 Fungsi modul FR-12 ............................................................... 75
Tabel Lampiran 3.1. Hasil jumlah per kolom pada perhitungan manual .................. 84
Tabel Lampiran 3.2. Hasil eigen vektor pada perhitungan manual ........................... 86
Tabel Lampiran 3.3. Matriks separasi pada perhitungan manual .............................. 89
Tabel Lampiran 3.4. Kedekatan relatif pada perhitungan manual ............................. 90
Tabel Lampiran 4.1. Pengujian Black Box ................................................................ 91
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Struktur Hierarkial AHP ......................................................................... 9
Gambar 3.1. Tahap pengembangan aplikasi .............................................................. 23
Gambar 4.1. Context Diagram .................................................................................. 35
Gambar 4.2. DFD Level 1 ......................................................................................... 36
Gambar 4.3 Desain Database ..................................................................................... 37
Gambar 4.4. Desain antarmuka halaman login .......................................................... 38
Gambar 4.5. Desain antarmuka halaman home ......................................................... 38
Gambar 4.6. Desain antarmuka input data dan nilai calon peserta PKH ................... 39
Gambar 4.7. Desain antarmuka halaman tampil data calon peserta PKH ................ 39
Gambar 4.8. Desain antarmuka halaman tampil nilai kriteria calon peserta PKH .... 40
Gambar 4.9. Desain antarmuka halaman hasil pencarian data calon peserta PKH ... 40
Gambar 4.10. Desain antarmuka halaman demografi per kelurahan ......................... 41
Gambar 4.11. Desain antarmuka halaman proses perhitungan .................................. 41
Gambar 4.12. Desain antarmuka halaman form tambah kriteria ............................... 42
Gambar 4.13. Desain antarmuka halaman hasil perankingan .................................... 42
Gambar 4.14. Desain antarmuka hasil export ........................................................... 43
Gambar 4.15. Halaman login ..................................................................................... 43
Gambar 4.16. Halaman home .................................................................................... 44
Gambar 4.17. Halaman input data peserta ................................................................. 44
Gambar 4.18. Halaman tampil data calon peserta bantuan PKH ............................... 45
Gambar 4.19. Halaman tampil nilai kriteria calon peserta PKH ............................... 45
Gambar 4.20. Halaman hasil pencarian data calon peserta PKH .............................. 46
Gambar 4.21. Halaman demografi calon peserta PKH .............................................. 46
Gambar 4.22. Halaman proses perhitungan ............................................................... 47
Gambar 4.23. Halaman tambah kriteria ..................................................................... 47
Gambar 4.24. Halaman perankingan ......................................................................... 48
Gambar 4.25. Halaman export ................................................................................... 48
Gambar Lampiran 1.1 DFD level 2 mengelola keluarga ........................................... 59
Gambar Lampiran 1.2 DFD level 2 mengelola kriteria ............................................. 60
Gambar Lampiran 2.1 Layar utama input data calon penerima PKH ....................... 65
Gambar Lampiran 2.2 Layar utama menampilkan data calon penerima PKH .......... 67
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Gambar Lampiran 2.3 Layar utama input nilai calon penerima PKH ....................... 68
Gambar Lampiran 2.4 Layar utama menampilkan nilai kriteria calon penerima PKH
................................................................................................................................... 69
Gambar Lampiran 2.5 Layar utama memasukan nilai preferensi .............................. 71
Gambar Lampiran 2.6 Layar utama tambah kriteria .................................................. 72
Gambar Lampiran 2.7 Layar utama hasil rekomendasi ............................................. 73
Gambar Lampiran 2.8 Layar utama menampilkan tampilan export .......................... 75
Gambar Lampiran 2.9 Layar utama demografi per kelurahan ................................... 76
Gambar Lampiran 3.1. Diagram Alir ......................................................................... 77
Gambar Lampiran 3.2. Grafik Alir ............................................................................ 82
Gambar Lampiran 3.3. Hasil matriks perbandingan pada program ........................... 84
Gambar Lampiran 3.4. Hasil matriks perhitungan per kolom pada program ............ 84
Gambar Lampiran 3.4. Hasil normalisasi pada program ........................................... 85
Gambar Lampiran 3.5. Hasil eigen vektor pada program .......................................... 86
Gambar Lampiran 3.6. Hasil lamda pada program .................................................... 86
Gambar Lampiran 3.7. Nilai index konsistensi pada program .................................. 86
Gambar Lampiran 3.8. Nilai konsistensi pada program ............................................ 87
Gambar Lampiran 3.9. Normalisasi matriks data pada program ............................... 87
Gambar Lampiran 3.10. Matriks separasi pada program ........................................... 89
Gambar Lampiran 3.11. Kedekatan relatif pada program ......................................... 90
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN 1 ............................................................................................................ 54
LAMPIRAN 2 ............................................................................................................ 61
LAMPIRAN 3 ............................................................................................................ 77
LAMPIRAN 4 ............................................................................................................ 91