Hand Washing 2012

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Appropriate work practices Follow standard precautions

Use personal protective equipment

Hand hygiene


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Standard precautions

Standard Precautions are a set of precautions that the Centers for Disease Control

and Prevention (CDC) has called for in order to minimize the risk that you will

catch an infection from a patient or spread infection among patients. You mayhave heard the term "Universal Precautions"--these were developed beginning in

the 1980s specifically to protect you from blood borne pathogens standard

Precautions basically expands upon Universal Precautions by covering more body

fluids and sites, as follows: Blood Secretions, non-intact skin, body Fluids,

excretions (except sweat), and mucous membranes.


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Standard precautionsStandard Precautions must be observed with ALL patients at ALL times,

regardless of their age, gender, diagnosis, or whether they are under isolation

for a specific diseases


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Personal protection in Lab: Wear long-sleeved gowns with closed fronts or

long-sleeved lab coats that are buttoned closedwhile in the lab.

Wear lab coats or gowns inside the lab only.

Cover all non-intact skin located on parts of thebody exposed to blood or body fluid

Remove all personal protective equipmentbefore leaving the Lab or work area


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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE

EQUIPMENTS :

Lab coat

Gloves

Mask

Goggles

Leather shoes


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GlovesUse when touching blood, bodyfluids, secretions, excretions,

contaminated items;for touching mucus

membranes and nonintact skin


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How to Remove Gloves (1)

Grasp outside edge near

wrist Peel away from hand,

turning glove inside-out

Hold in opposite glovedhand


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How to Remove Gloves (2)

Slide ungloved finger

under the wrist of theremaining glove

Peel off from inside,

creating a bag forboth gloves

Discard


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Dos and Donts of Glove Use

Work from clean to dirty

Limit opportunities for touchcontamination - protect yourself, others,and the environment

Dont touch your face or adjust PPE withcontaminated gloves

Dont touch environmental surfaces exceptas necessary during patient care


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Dos and Donts of Glove Use

(contd)

Change gloves

During use if torn and when heavily soiled (even duringuse on the same patient)

After use on each patient

Discard in appropriate receptacle

Never wash or reuse disposable gloves


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Hand Hygiene

Appropriate hand washing can minimize micro-organisms

acquired on the hands by contact with body fluids and

contaminated surfaces. Hand washing breaks the chain of

infection transmission and reduces person-to-person

transmission.

Hand washing is the simplest and most cost effective way of

preventing the transmission of infection and thus reducing

the incidence of health-care associated infections.


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an yg ene(When)

Before patient contact. Before touching a patient, when approaching him/her

Before an aseptic task. Immediately before any aseptic task.2 After body fluid exposure risk. Immediately after an exposure risk to body fluid and after glove removal.

After patient contact. After touching a patient and her/his immediate

surroundings, when leaving the patients side.

After contact with patient surroundings. After touching any object or furniture in the patients immediate surroundings (even if the patient has not been touched).


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Hand Antisepsis/Decontamination

Hand antisepsis removes or destroys transient micro-organisms and confers a

prolonged effect.

Antiseptic hand washing should be done before and after aseptic procedures, before

and after dealing with an infected patient. The procedure is the same as that for social

hand washing except that an antiseptic soap is used. It may be carried out in one of

the following two ways:

Wash hands and forearms with antimicrobial soap and water, for 15-30 seconds

(following manufacturers instructions) and ensure complete drying. Decontaminate hands with a waterless, alcohol-based hand gel or hand rub for 15-30

seconds until hands are completely dry. This is appropriate for hands that are not

visibly contaminated.


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Antiseptics Specific antiseptics recommended for hand

antisepsis:

2%-4% chlorhexidine,

5%-7.5% povidone iodine, or

70% alcoholic hand rubs.


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Steps in hand washing Remove jewellery (rings, bracelets) and watches before washing hands

Ensure that the nails are clipped short (do not wear artificial nails)

Wet hands and wrists, keeping hands and wrists lower than the elbows

Apply soap (plain or antimicrobial) and lather thoroughly.

Use firm, circular motions to wash the hands and arms up to the wrists, covering all areas

including palms, back of the hands, fingers, between fingers and lateral side of fifth finger, and

wrists. Rub for minimum of 10-15 seconds.

Repeat the process if the hands are very soiled.

Clean under the fingernails.

Rinse hands thoroughly, keeping the hands lower than the forearms.

Dry hands thoroughly with disposable paper towel.

Discard the towel in a dustbin without touching the bin lids.

Use a fresh paper towel or your elbow/foot to turn off the faucet, to prevent recontamination of

hands.


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Steps using antiseptics, hand rubs, gels or alcohol swabs for hand

antisepsis

Apply the product to the palm of one hand.

Rub hands together, covering all surfaces of hands and fingers, until hands

are dry. Do not rinse.

Note: When there is visible soiling of hands,

wash hands with soap and water before using

hand rubs/ gel/ alcohol swabs.


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Healthcare Personnel as Adult Learners

Adult learners are very different from child learners.One reason is, unlike children, adults enter thelearning process after years of personal experience.Adults have existing knowledge, beliefs, and attitudesthat inf luence what they take from or contribute to alearning opportunity.

Safety issues are an ongoing agenda item

Safety training is part of staff development

Change in behavior and this matters a lot


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THANK YOU

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Hand Washing 2012

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