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Handout 27-3Handout 27-3The Inner PlanetsThe Inner Planets
11
The planets closest to the sun are called The planets closest to the sun are called the ____________________. the ____________________. inner planetsinner planets
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Name the four inner planets Name the four inner planets MercuryMercuryVenusVenusEarthEarthMarsMars
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The inner planets are also called The inner planets are also called ______________________ because they ______________________ because they are like Earthare like Earth.. terrestrial planetsterrestrial planets
44
Made mostly of solid rock with metallic cores.Made mostly of solid rock with metallic cores.
Describe the composition of the inner planets.Describe the composition of the inner planets.
55
Bowl-shaped depressions called Bowl-shaped depressions called _______________________ formed on _______________________ formed on the surfaces of inner planets when the the surfaces of inner planets when the planets collided with other objects in planets collided with other objects in space.space. impacts cratersimpacts craters
MercuryMercury
66
Mercury, the closest planet to the sun, Mercury, the closest planet to the sun, circles the sun every circles the sun every
B: 88 daysB: 88 days
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Mercury rotates on its axis once everyMercury rotates on its axis once everyC: 59 days C: 59 days
88Mercury’s surface features a long line of Mercury’s surface features a long line of
cliffs andcliffs andB: a large number of cratersB: a large number of craters
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The absence of a dense atmosphere and The absence of a dense atmosphere and Mercury’s slow rotation contribute to Mercury’s slow rotation contribute to
D: a large daily temperature rangeD: a large daily temperature range
VENUSVENUS
Phases of Venus seen from Earth
1010
How long is the orbital period of Venus, How long is the orbital period of Venus, the second planet from the sun?the second planet from the sun?
225 days225 days
1111How often does Venus rotate? How often does Venus rotate? Once every 243 daysOnce every 243 days
1212
The planet that Venus most resembles in The planet that Venus most resembles in mass, size, and density is mass, size, and density is ________________________. ________________________.
EarthEarth
1313
Venus’s atmospheric pressure is about Venus’s atmospheric pressure is about ___________ times the pressure on Earth.___________ times the pressure on Earth.
9090
1414
What two factors cause the high What two factors cause the high temperatures on Venus? temperatures on Venus?
It is close to the sunIt is close to the sunHigh amount of carbon dioxide in its High amount of carbon dioxide in its
atmosphereatmosphere
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What percentage of the atmosphere on What percentage of the atmosphere on Venus is composed of carbon dioxide? Venus is composed of carbon dioxide?
96%96%
1616
Venus appears to be very bright in the Venus appears to be very bright in the night sky because drops of night sky because drops of _________________________ form a _________________________ form a cloud layer that reflects sunlight. cloud layer that reflects sunlight.
Sulfur dioxideSulfur dioxide
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Why is Venus commonly referred to as the Why is Venus commonly referred to as the evening star evening star or or morning star?morning star?
It is usually visible from Earth only in the It is usually visible from Earth only in the morning or early evening.morning or early evening.
1818
The surface of Venus is composed of The surface of Venus is composed of which two types of rock? which two types of rock?
Basalt and graniteBasalt and granite
1919
19. 19. MagellanMagellan B: a U.S. satellite that collected data about Venus B: a U.S. satellite that collected data about Venus
2020
volcano volcano C. C. a landform commonly found on Venus a landform commonly found on Venus
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Maat Mons Maat Mons A. A. the highest volcano on Venus the highest volcano on Venus
EarthEarth
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Earth is the ________________ planet Earth is the ________________ planet from the sun. from the sun.
third (rock from the sun)third (rock from the sun)
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The orbital period of The orbital period of Earth is Earth is ______________ days.______________ days.
365 1/4365 1/4
2424
Earth completes one Earth completes one __________________ on its axis every __________________ on its axis every day. day.
rotationrotation
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How many moons does Earth have? How many moons does Earth have?
oneone
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Over the last ______________ years, Over the last ______________ years, Earth’s continents separated from a single Earth’s continents separated from a single landmass and drifted to their present.landmass and drifted to their present.
250 million250 million
2727
What two factors have caused the surface What two factors have caused the surface of Earth to keep changing? of Earth to keep changing?
Weathering and erosionWeathering and erosion
2828Why is Earth the only planet on which Why is Earth the only planet on which
water exists in a liquid state? water exists in a liquid state? Earth’s unique atmosphereEarth’s unique atmosphereDistance from sun allows water to exist in Distance from sun allows water to exist in
the liquid statethe liquid state
2929
How was Earth able to maintain the How was Earth able to maintain the moderate temperatures that were moderate temperatures that were necessary to support life?necessary to support life?
The oceans and atmosphere help Earth to The oceans and atmosphere help Earth to have moderate temperatures.have moderate temperatures.
3030
What three elements does Earth have in What three elements does Earth have in the proper combination necessary to the proper combination necessary to support life?support life?
Water, oxygen, and temperatureWater, oxygen, and temperature
MarsMars
3131Mars is the ____________________ Mars is the ____________________
planet from the sun.planet from the sun.
fourthfourth
3232
How long is Mars’s orbital period? How long is Mars’s orbital period?
687 days687 days
3333
How often does Mars rotate on its axis?How often does Mars rotate on its axis?
Every 24 hours and 37 minutesEvery 24 hours and 37 minutes
3434
Why are Mars’s seasons similar to Why are Mars’s seasons similar to Earth’s?Earth’s?
Its axis tilts at nearly the same angle as Its axis tilts at nearly the same angle as Earth’s.Earth’s.
3535
Mars is believed to have been geologically Mars is believed to have been geologically active because of its massive volcanoes active because of its massive volcanoes and a system of deep ________________ and a system of deep ________________ on its surface.on its surface.
canyonscanyons
3636
One of the many major volcanic regions One of the many major volcanic regions on Mars is called ___________________.on Mars is called ___________________.
Tharis MontesTharis Montes
3737
The largest volcano on Mars is The largest volcano on Mars is ___________________________, which ___________________________, which is three times the height of Mount Everest.is three times the height of Mount Everest.
Olympus MonsOlympus Mons
3838
Why do scientists think that Martian Why do scientists think that Martian volcanoes have grown so large? volcanoes have grown so large?
Mars does not have tectonic platesMars does not have tectonic plates
3939Two seismic wave-producing geological Two seismic wave-producing geological
events called _______________________ events called _______________________ indicate that indicate that volcanoes on Mars may volcanoes on Mars may still be active.still be active.
mars quakesmars quakes
The EndThe End