Happy College Wednesday!Bellwork: Write the question and provide an answer.

What is the job of “Enzyme 2” in the picture?What happens if “Enzyme 2” stops working?

CO2 + H2O H2CO3

What side are the reactants on?

What side are the products on?

Which one of the following correctly describes what an enzyme does?

• Luciferase increases the amount of time the light is visible.

• Luciferase decreases the amount of energy required for the reaction to start.

• Luciferase increases the number of sites on luciferin that must bind to oxygen.

• Luciferase decreases the temperature of the environment inside the body of the firefly.

• If a Vacuole removes water in a cell what does it have in common with osmosis?

• If the vacuole requires energy to move water, how is that different from osmosis?

Journals: Page 33Cornell Notes

DNA: Structure

EQ: How is DNA structured in living things?

Standard B6.A: Identify the components of DNA and describe how genetic information is

carried.

Standard B6.B: Recognize that components that make up the genetic code are common to

all organisms.

So far you’ve learned about…

• Carbohydrates quick energy, 1:2:1, CHO

So far you’ve learned about…

• Lipids

Long term energy, cell membranes, fatty acids, CHO

So far you’ve learned about…

• Proteins, amino acids, many different shapes, enzymes, CHON

Today you’re going to learn about…• Nucleic Acids---• the FOURTH kind of biomolecule

A lesson from Jurassic Park...

The nucleic acids we’ll talk about in biology are DNA and RNA

DNA=Deoxyribonucleic acid

RNA=Ribonucleic acid

DNA: biomolecule used to pass on genetic information to the next generation.

Your DNA contains your genetic instructions

Half of your DNA comes from your mother.

The other half comes from you father.

What information is on that half is COMPLETELY RANDOM.

*Which is why you don’t look exactly like your brother or sister. Same for aunts, uncles and even your offspring.

DNA monomer = nucleotide

1. 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose)2. phosphate group3. nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G).

Elements = C, H, O, N, P

There are 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA.Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), & Thymine (T)

DNA base pairing rule: adenine and thymine pair together with hydrogen bonds

Hydrogen bond

Hydrogen bonds are weak (easily broken) bonds

DNA base pairing rule: cytosine and guanine pair together with hydrogen

bondsHydrogen bond

Hydrogen bonds are weak (easily broken) bonds

DNA BASE PAIRS ARE COMPLEMENTARY

• “they were made for each other”• “complimentary base pairs”

• What is the complementary base pair for the following sequence?

• AATTCCGG

The bases are bonded together antiparallel to one another (5’3’)

When enough bases are linked together, the DNA ladder will twist into a double helix shape

In a Eukaryotic organism the DNA double helix

will coil around histones (proteins) and eventually be packed together into

chromosomes.

DNA is found in the nucleus of Eukaryotic

cells.

In a prokaryotic organism, DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

Important to Remember:

All living things have DNA!

Scientists refer to this as a “common

genetic code”

The sequence of bases matters! The

order determines the organism.

Time to Practice…..