Date post: | 19-Aug-2014 |
Category: |
Engineering |
Upload: | spiros-martzoukos |
View: | 2,406 times |
Download: | 5 times |
berlin amsterdam san francisco stuttgart
edenspiekermann_
Hardboiled Front End Development
Found.ation talk
10th June 2014
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
Introduction
Web Developer at Edenspiekermann. !
Previously: – Head of Design @ DailySecret.com. – Head of Front End @ Liberis Publications.
!
Enjoys: – CSS architecture. – Refactoring code.
2
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
Contents
1. CSS Architecture –OOCSS. Design modules, not pages. –BEM. Protecting scope. Hacking CSS. –Sass. Enabling modularity. Pitfalls of extending and using mixins. –Living Styleguides. Keeping the mess observable. –Best Practices. Class prefixes, shame.css, z-index.css. !
2. Javascript Modularity –Modularity. Breaking the $(document).ready long file into modules. –Module Tools. Including functionality on demand with requireJS. –Automating tasks. Automating with Grunt and managing packages with Bower. –Frameworks. Angular, Backbone, a very quick overview. –Little useful tools. Backbone.wreqr, waypoints, owl carousel.
3
edenspiekermann_
CSS ARCHITECTURE
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
CSS Advantages: – Fast, quick to put something out. – Small learning curve. – Easy to override defaults.
!
Problems with CSS: – All the above :-). – No inherent modularity. – No scope. – Specificity.
5
edenspiekermann_
Think Modular
7
8
9
10
edenspiekermann_
Tools for modularity: – SMACSS – OOCSS
edenspiekermann_
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
!
– Decouple Structure from Skin.
– Modifier classes.
– File structuring flexibility.
– Tackle Specificity issue (completely).
14
SMACSS
✓
✓
×
×
OOCSS
✓
×
✓
×
edenspiekermann_
What about specificity?
edenspiekermann_
http://designshack.net/articles/css/what-the-heck-is-css-specificity/
edenspiekermann_
http://www.stuffandnonsense.co.uk/archives/css_specificity_wars.html
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
body {! font-size: 100%;! font-family: Georgia, serif;!}!!.o-chosen-select-box.chosen-container,.m-font-autocomplete{display:inline-block;position:relative;vertical-align:middle}.o-chosen-select-box .chosen-single,.m-font-autocomplete__input{background-color:#f9f8f3;color:#262626;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border:4px solid #fff;display:block;cursor:pointer;height:2.5em;line-height:1.25em;padding:0 2.125em;-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms,border-color 150ms;-moz-transition:background-color 150ms,border-color 150ms;!.l-modal__tooltip__pane{z-index:30}.o-error{z-index:10}.o-pulldown-panel__list{z-index:10}.l-tryout-page__canvas{z-index:1}.l-tryout-page__header{z-index:30}.m-tryout-textblock__action{z-index:20}.m-tryout-textblock__editable{z-index:20}.m-tryout-textblock__placeholder{z-index:10}.m-font-autocomplete__dropdown,.o-chosen-select-box{z-index:40}.l-tryout-page__template-links,.l-tryout-page__bgimage-info{z-index:50}.l-tryout-page__meta-links{z-index:10000}.m-tryout-template-links—centered{z-index:10}!!#footer .left-column .article ul.links > li a img {! border-color: #0A0;!}!
CSS Architecture
Scientifically proven fact: we can’t keep track of specificity throughout a CSS document.
19
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
.o-square {! height: 100px;! width: 100px;!}!!.o-square--black {! background-color: black;!}!!.o-square--green {! background-color: green;!}!!.o-square__inner-circle {! border-radius: 100%;!}!!.o-square__inner-circle--blue {! background-color: blue;!}!
CSS Architecture
Enter BEM. – BEM stands for Block Element Modifier. – Works like this: .block _ _ element - - modifier – Self explanatory in both HTML & CSS. – Shields object’s scope. !
Things to remember: – Never nest selectors (to ensure specificity == 1). – Always & only, use classes. – One object per file.
20
edenspiekermann_
Living Styleguides
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
Advantages: – Nice overview of all your objects.
– Enforces good practices.
– Enhances developer — designer collaboration.
– Helpful for context free development.
!
Challenges: – Hard to initially set up.
– If not set up correctly, can have dulicate views in production & styleguide.
– Same object, different data issues.
!
Tools: – https://github.com/kneath/kss
– http://livingstyleguide.org
– http://kaleistyleguide.com/
22
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
gem install kss
CSS Architecture
Setting up KSS. – Install gem.
23
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
@styleguides = Kss::Parser.new(“/public/css“)!
CSS Architecture
Setting up KSS. – Install gem. – Parse CSS folder into an object.
24
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
Setting up KSS. – Install gem. – Parse CSS folder into an object. – Iterate object in view.
25
- @styleguides.each do |styleguide|! - [...]!
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
/*!The global button object.!!.button - Primary button.!.button--green - Green variation.!!Styleguide 1.0 Button!*/!!.button {! height: 20px;! text-align: center;! width: 100px;!}!!.button--green {! background-color: green;!}!
CSS Architecture
Setting up KSS. – Install gem. – Parse CSS folder into an object. – Iterate object in view. – Use the magic KSS syntax.
26
edenspiekermann_
Automating with Sass.
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
Sass enables: – Modular file structure with @import globbing. – Eliminating inconsistencies. Vars for colours, typographic rythm units,
breakpoints, animation durations. !
Pitfalls: – “Mixins” print content inside of rule. Duplicate content. – “Extends” group selectors where used. Rules are moved out of intended
place, watch out for split CSS files. – Slow compiling of too many files, in Rails. Use libsass.
28
edenspiekermann_
Tips and Tricks.
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
CSS Architecture
Tips: – Helpful to prefix classes (“o-“, “l-“, “m-“), that way you recognize their
type in markup. – Prefix JS hooks with “js-“. That way HTML/CSS restructuring doesn’t
affect javascript functionality. – Use “is-” for dynamic states, induced by JS. For different kinds of states,
use BEM modifiers. – Put all rushed code in shame.css. Always write reason of inclusion in
comments. – Keep all z-index values in z-index.css and always use increments of 10 or
more.
30
edenspiekermann_
JS MODULARITY
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
$(document).ready(function() {! ! $(window).on('resize', resizeHandler);! app.windowWidth = $window.width();! app.windowHeight = $window.height();!! $(window).on("resizestart", function(){! app.vent.trigger('fs:resize-start', app.windowWidth, app.windowHeight);! }).on("resizestop", function(){! app.vent.trigger('fs:resize-stop', app.windowWidth, app.windowHeight);! });!! //Scrolling event, debounced at 500ms! $(window).on("scroll", function(){! var scrollFunc = _.debounce(function() {! app.vent.trigger('fs:scroll', $(this).scrollTop());! }, 500);! scrollFunc();! });! ! // Show the targeted offscreen panel by emitting the offscreen-panel:show event.! // Creates one offscreen panel if it doesn't exist already (as in editor or languages list)! $(document).on('click', ".js-show-offscreen-panel, .js-family-finder-trigger", function(event){! var $this = $(this);!
Breaking long script files into chunks
Traditional approach: one long file – Variable scope problems. – Duplicate logic. – Error prone. – Impossible to maintain.
33
edenspiekermann_
Axiom: Projects will ALWAYS scale.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/astrid/2583356797
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
...!! <script src="jquery.js"></script>! <script src="module1.js"></script>! <script src="module2.js"></script>! <script src="module3.js"></script>!! </body>! </html>!
Breaking long script files into chunks
Alternative approach: Split & Include manually – Too much manual labour. – How do you handle common dependencies? – Conflicts in the global object. – Order of loading is important.
35
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
define([
Breaking long script files into chunks
Better approach: Modularize everything – Create a new file and define a module.
36
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
define([! "jquery",! "jquery-ui"!],!function ($, jqueryUI) {!
Breaking long script files into chunks
Better approach: Modularize everything – Create a new file and define a module. – State its dependencies.
37
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
define([! "jquery",! "jquery-ui"!],!function ($, jqueryUI) {!! var init = function (options) {! //...implement logic! };!! init(options);!!});!
Breaking long script files into chunks
Better approach: Modularize everything – Create a new file and define a module. – State its dependencies. – Implement your logic.
38
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
JS Module Creation Tools
– requireJS. http://requirejs.org – Browserify. http://browserify.org – Webpack. http://webpack.github.io
39
edenspiekermann_
Automating your workflow with off-browser JS.
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
module.exports = function(grunt) {!! // Load libs! grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-watch');! grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-jshint');! grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-requirejs');! ! // Project configuration.! grunt.initConfig({! pkg: '<json:package.json>',! jshint: {! options: {! curly: true,! eqnull: true,! browser: true,! sub: true,! boss: true! }! }! ! // Define task.! grunt.registerTask('syntax', ['jshint:src']);};!
Automating tasks with Grunt (http://gruntjs.com)
Things you can do: – Get immediate feedback on syntax errors. – Live reload project. – Minify, uglify, pack code. – Also, use requireJS optimizer. – libSass. Blazingly fast Sass compilation. – Image compression. –Control everything from one config file: gruntfile.js !
– Alternative: Gulp (http://gulpjs.com). Lot of buzz lately.
41
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
{! "name": "Fontshop Relaunch",! "version": "1",! "dependencies": {! "fittext": "",! "jquery": "1.11",! "underscore": "",! "backbone": "",! "backbone.wreqr": "",! "backbone.marionette": "",! "modernizr": "",! "picturefill": "",! "jquery-waypoints": "",! "jquery-sortable": "",! "OwlCarousel": "",! "jasmine.async": "",! "angular": "",! "angular-chosen-localytics": "",! "angular-local-storage": "",! "ng-clip": "",! "zeroclipboard": ""! }!}!
Manage Dependencies with Bower (http://bower.io)
Things you can do: – Manage dependencies from one file. – You can specify version of scripts. – You can change folder (to fit your folder structuring). !
Things you can’t do: – Include in page automatically. Use requireJS for
that :).
42
A wee bit of JS frameworks & tools.
edenspiekermann_
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
Backbone and Angular in Fontshop.
1. Backbone – FS wasn’t an SPA. Used Backbone as a structuring tool for our JS modules. – Helpful events object, this.$(“…”) selector, initializers. – Create multiple instances easily. – Enforces good OO practices. !
2. Angular – Used it in the tryout (http://next.fontshop.com/tryout) section. – No boilerplate code. – Provides one point of change (Model). – Very quick to set functionality up.
44
Hardboiled Front End Development 10.06.2014edenspiekermann_
Some small favorite scripts :)
Backbone.wreqr (https://github.com/marionettejs/backbone.wreqr) – True events based apps. – Enable true modularity. !
Waypoints (http://imakewebthings.com/jquery-waypoints) – No more scrolling window, object, offset calculations. – Also, sticky headers, easily done. !
owlCarousel (http://www.owlgraphic.com/owlcarousel) – Touch based (draggable). – Responsive be default. – Uses CSS 3D transforms, where possible. !
45
berlin amsterdam san francisco stuttgart
edenspiekermann_
Thank you.
Spiros Martzoukos, Web Developer
tw @martzoukos
T +49 157 84340808
!
www.edenspiekermann.com