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HARJEET SINGH
Deputy Secretary-General (Strategic)
Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, MALAYSIA
GENDER RESPONSIVE BUDGETIN MALAYSIA
13 JUNE 2012
“Government commitment towards increasing the effective involvement of women in overall national development. As
women constitute a vital economic resource, the government’s goal is, therefore, to integrate women as equal
partners in nation building”
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohammad4th Malaysia Prime Minister
SPECIAL CHAPTER: WOMEN IN
DEVELOPMENT
6TH MALAYSIA PLAN (1991-1995)
Women are the basis of a happy family and essence of a successful nation.
Measures to be taken to increase women's participation at all levels, including decision makers and entrepreneurship.
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FOSTERING PROGRESSIVE AND INCLUSIVE SOCIETY
10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)
Related existing laws and regulations will be reviewed to create a more conducive environment to encourage more participation of women in the labour force.
Private sector to increase the representation of women, particularly in senior positions such as chief executive officer and members of the board of directors.
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10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)
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To increase allocation to support women with low income and those who are single mother
To increase women participation at the decision making level
To increase women involvement in the labour force
Key Programmes
To eliminate all discrimination against women
10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)
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• In 2011, the female labour force participation rate is 47.9% compared to men which is 79.8%.
• National target is to increase the female labour force participation rate to 55% in 2015.
10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)
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GENDER RESPONSIVEBUDGET
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Introductory workshops were organised by the Ministry of Women and Family Development
2001
BACKGROUND
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November 2002
March 2004
4 ministries were selected
A working group was formed
An international gender expert and two local consultants were appointed
Ministry of Higher Education became part of the pilot ministries
BACKGROUND
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Higher Education
PILOT MINISTRIES
Education
Human Resources
Health
Rural Development
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Trainings:
July 2003Workshop for officers of pilot ministries and central agencies
January & August 2004 Hands-on workshops
December 2004
Training for Budget Review Officers
June 2005 Training of trainers
July 2007July 2008 Nov 2008Apr 2009
Trainings by National Institute for Public Administration (INTAN)
INITIATIVES TAKEN
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INITIATIVES TAKEN
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A directive to the pilot ministries to implement gender budgeting for selected programmes for the operating budget for the years 2006 and 2007.
Other ministries are encouraged to implement gender budgeting.
TREASURY CALL CIRCULAR NO. 10 YEAR 2004 & CIRCULAR NO. 2 YEAR 2007
TREASURY CALL CIRCULAR NO. 2 YEAR 2009
INITIATIVES TAKEN
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Paragraph 21
TREASURY CIRCULAR No. 2/2007
Controlling officers of the pilot ministries are mandated to use gender budget analysis in preparing their budget submissions;
Other ministries are encouraged to do so;
Gender issues could be incorporated in the Objective, Needs/policy analysis, Clients, Functions and Programme evaluation plan; and
Output specification and Impact indicators should based on sex-disaggregated data wherever possible.
• To ensure the continuation of the implementation of gender equality in national budget system, all the ministries and agencies must ensure gender-based needs have been taken account of the planning process.
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Paragraph 34
TREASURY CIRCULAR No. 3/2012
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JANUARYCall Circularfor New Year Estimates
APRIL Preliminary Analysis
Agencies prepare
and Submit NewYear Estimates
MAY-JULYBudget
examination
NOVEMBERDetermination of ET by Treasury
SEPTEMBERBudget Document
Printed and submitted to Parliament
FEDERAL TREASURY(BUDGET MANAGEMENT DIVISION)
BUDGET CYCLE
SEPTEMBER-DECEMBERParliament Debates and
Approves New Year Budget
Budget Executionby Agencies
END OF DECEMBERMinister of Finance issues
Warrant of Expenditure
JULY - AUGUST Approval of New Year Estimates by the Minister of Finance and Cabinet
Disbursement/Reportingby Accountant General
MARCHReceive submissions
and BRO makesIndividual Study
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Categories of Expenditure Approach
Targeted gender-based expenditures of government agencies
Equal employment expenditure on government employers
General (mainstreaming) budget expenditure judged on its impact on
women and men, girls and boys.
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2
3
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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis
Describe the situation of men and women, boys and girls in the sector
(Needs analysis/ Clients)
Asses the policy, programmes, and projects in terms of their gender sensitivity (Policy/Programme)
Asses whether adequate financial and other resources are allocated to
implement the gender sensitive policy effectively (Input)
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2
3
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Programme Agreement
Programme Agreement (ABM-2)
An agreement between the agency and the Ministry of Finance on the input to be used, expected output and the impact of each planned activity.
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Supply HeadAgencyProgrammeActivityCodeSource of Authority
Objective Needs Analysis /
Policy Clients
Items could incorporate
gender issues
FORMAT ABM-2
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Sources
Output specification
Impact indicators Programme
evaluation plan
Items could incorporate
gender issues
FORMAT ABM-2
Functions
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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis
Describe the situation of men and women, boys and girls in the sector
(Needs analysis/ Clients)
Asses the policy, programmes, and projects in terms of their gender sensitivity (Policy/Programme)
Asses whether adequate financial and other resources are allocated to
implement the gender sensitive policy effectively (Input)
1
2
3
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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis
Monitor whether the expenditure allocated in Step 3 is spent as planned
(Output)
Assess whether the policy, together with the associated expenditure, has promoted gender equity as intended,
and changed the situation described in Step 1 (Impact/Result)
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5
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Programme evaluation plan
Function
Objective
Output Specification
Needs Analysis/Policy
Clients
Impact Indicators
Implement activities
Performance Report
Programme Evaluation
Measuring &Monitoring
Budget Approval
Clients problems
Alternative policy
Strategy
Stage 1-Preparation of Programme Agreement
Stage 2-Implementation of Programme Agreement
G
E
N
D
E
R
I
S
S
U
E
S Continuous Improvement
PROGRAMME AGREEMENT
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PILOT MINISTRIES AND SELECTED PROGRAMMES
MINISTRY OPERATING BUDGET
MOE Primary education
MOHE Selected universities
MOH OrthopedicFamily health development
MOHR Manpower Department
MRRD Community developmentChild development
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MINISTRIES WHICH INCORPORATED GENDER PERSPECTIVES
MINISTRY ITEM (S)
JHEOA Activity 4: Education and Mindset Development
MOHR Ministry’s objective
MOH Activity 2: Family health development
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GENDER SENSITIVE NATIONAL POLICY AND NATIONAL
ECONOMY PLAN
Gender Equality Intervention
National Budget 2012
RM 50 million has allocated for HPV vaccination for catch-up group.
RM700 million to build Hospital for women and children
RM 10 million has been allocated to conduct training programmes to attract women professional back to labour force and to increase women in decision-making in the corporate sector.
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GENDER EQUALITY INTERVENTION
Gender perspective has been incorporated into national economy plan, Economic Transformation Programme.
Leveraging Women’s Talent To Increase Productivity is one of the themes under the Human Capital Development Strategic Initiatives Reforms.
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ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMME
programme for the elimination of poverty has a specific target to increase income of poor women household.
Programme 1 Azam – 4,000 women entrepreneurs by 2012 .
RM300 million has been allocated to Tabung Ekonomi Kumpulan Usaha Niaga (TEKUN) and RM2.1 million has been allocated to Tabung Keusahawanan Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia for entrepreneurs especially women to be involved in entrepreneurial activities and explore new economy activities.
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PRO POOR GROWTH
Annual budget by the ministries
National Budget – gender equality intervention
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• Programme for Pro Poor Growth – 1 Azam
Incorporation of gender perspective in Economic Transformation Programme
PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
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CHALLENGES
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Lack of emphasis on the implementation of gender budgeting
Role of BROs in the implementation of gender budget analysis
CHALLENGES
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Lack of Monitoring
Lack of understanding of gender concept and issues
Lack of sex disaggregated data
CHALLENGES
Lack of expertise
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• Gender equality must be one of the national agenda.
• With gender equality is one of the national agenda, the national budget must take account of gender perspective and issues.
• Each component of the cycle of public sector management system must be gender sensitive.
CHALLENGES
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• The challenge now is monitoring and evaluation to ensure the effectiveness of the government expenditure as well as to assess the impact of government expenditure on people.
• Sex disaggregated data plays an important role in monitoring and evaluation.
• Lack of understanding the importance of sex disaggregated data and lack of gender analysis skills among the policy makers.
CHALLENGES
• Effort to collect and collate sex-disaggregated data in order to identify specific gender issues that affect women and men differently
• 2008: Directive by Chief Secretary to all Government agencies to produce sex-disaggregated data
• Treasury Call Circular No. 2 Year 2011 : Government agencies to produce sex-disaggregated data for preparation of annual budget
SEX DISAGGREGATED DATA
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GENDER FOCAL POINT (GFP)
42 GFPs have been appointed among Deputy Secretary General and Deputy Director General of all ministries and agencies.
Roles of GFP: to assist the Government in the
implementation of gender mainstreaming initiatives; and
to ensure policies and legislation or programmes implemented take into account the gender perspective.
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• Ministry of Financeo Issuance of specific Treasury
Circular on gender budgeting
o Emphasise on gender budget analysis during the budget examination
o Monitor the implementation of Gender Budgeting in accordance with the Circular
THE WAY FORWARD
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• Ministries/Agencies
o Obligate relevant officers to attend courses on gender budgeting organised by INTAN
• INTAN
o To develop a pool of trainers (officers from various ministries / agencies to act as resource persons
THE WAY FORWARD…con’t
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• MWFCD
o Intensify training on gender sensitisation to officers in the public sector
THE WAY FORWARD…con’t
Ministry of Women, Family and Community
Development
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• Malaysia is moving towards the implementation of outcome-based budgeting (OBB).
• MWFCD is cooperating with MOF to include GRB in OBB as:
o Both are people oriented budgeting system which based on the needs identified; and
o Both are result-based management.
THE WAY FORWARD…con’t
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• May 2012: Discussions held between MWFCD and MOF
o both have common view that GRB can be included in OBB.
o Each component of OBB from the needs of clients/stakeholders, strategies, output and outcome must be gender responsive.
THE WAY FORWARD…con’t
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THANK YOU