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7/27/2019 Harmful Effects of Medication Alcohol Drugs
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HARMFUL
EFFECTS OF
MEDICATION,ALCOHOL,
DRUGS, AND
ADDICTION
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ADDICTION
CIGARETTES
-• More than 4,000
chemicals
• At least 43 known
carcinogens
• NICOTINE
• TAR-
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DANGERS OF SMOKING
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C.O.P.D.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease
• Chronic bronchitis
• Emphysema
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•LungCancer
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Effects of Smoking
Circulatory System
• Decreased circulation
• Increased plaque buildup in the vessels
• Increased risk of myocardial infraction
• Increased blood pressure
• Increased risk of stroke
• Damages the heart
muscle
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SMOKING AND PREGNANCY
• effects fetal growth and
low birth weight
• Increased chance of
miscarriage and stillbirths
• Growth and development
during childhood
• Nicotine-transfers during
breast feeding
• Affects children
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Pipe and Cigar Smokers
More likely to develop lip,mouth, and throat cancer
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What about smokeless
tobacco?DANGERS:
Addictive
Leukoplakia
Bad breath, discolored teethDecreased smell and taste senses
Oral Cancer
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QUITTING TOBACCOUSE
WITHDRAWAL-nervous,
moody, difficulty sleeping
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QUITTING TOBACCO USE
Suggestions for quitting:
Change routine
Avoiding people/situations that
increase your chances of smoking
Chew gum/snack on candy
Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol,
coffee, tea, and cokes
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QUITTING TOBACCO USE
Suggestions for quitting:
Set a date
Plan rewards
Positive reinforcement for non-
smoking friends
In relapse, quit again
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EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL
• Brain
• Liver
• Blood vessels
• Kidneys
• Stomach
• Tolerance• Dependence
• Withdrawal
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REASONS TEENAGERS
DRINK
To have fun
To relax
To feel more self confident
To fit in — peer pressure
To get away with something
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NEGATIVE SOCIAL
CONSEQUENCES
Difficulties with:family
friends
school
police
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ALCOHOL AND PREGNANCY
FAS-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome• Shorter, smaller babies,
slow body growth
• Facial abnormalities
• Poor coordination
• Heart defects
• Poor attention spans,
nervousness, hyperactivity
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DRINKING AND DRIVING
• #1 cause of death
among US teenagers
• Decreases ability to judge distances,
speeds, and turns
• Increases risk taking
• Slows reflexes
• Decreases ability to
concentrate
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3 STAGES OFALCOHOLISM
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STAGE 1
• Physiological and
psychological
dependence
• Drinks regularly
• May have blackouts
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STAGE 2
• Cannot stopdrinking
• Defensive• In denial
• Tolerance
• Performance atschool or work declines
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STAGE 3
• Drinking is visible
• Drinking is uncontrollable
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Illegal Drugs
Dangerous and illegal
substances
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Dangers of drug use
• Physiological
dependence
• Psychologicaldependence
• Tolerance
• Addiction
• Body systems damage
• Death
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Social Consequences
• Poor school andwork
performance• Problems with
family and
friends• Police, court, jail
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DRUGSCategories, Classes, and
Effects
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STIMULANTS
• Increase centralnervous system
• Irregular heart beat,heart failure
• Increased blood pressure, stroke
• Anxiety, paranoia• Physical collapse,
death
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AMPHETAMINES
• Increase heart rate and breathing
• Anxiety, sleeplessness
• Tolerance, dependence
• Methamphetamines(crack, speed, ice)
cause paranoia andmay increase violenttendencies
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DEPRESSANTS
Slow down the central nervous system
Relax muscles, relieve tension
Physically and psychological
dependence
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SEDATIVES-HYPNOTICS
• Induce sleep, reduce anxiety
• Decreases heart rate and respiratory rate
• Physiological and psychological
dependence
• Barbiturates – mood changes, coma, death
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NARCOTICS
Drowsiness
Dependence
Sleep-Coma-Death
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Rapid acting, powerful stimulant
Increases heart rate, blood pressure,respiration
Physiological dependence
Paranoia, hallucinations, psychologicaldependence
Can be snorted, injected
Increases risk of heart attack, heart rhythmirregularities, cardiac arrest
Increased risk of HIV with use of shared
needles for injecting
COCAINE
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HEROIN• No medical use in U.S.
• Depresses central nervous system
• Coma/death with large doses• Tolerance
• Withdrawal from drug is difficult and
painful• Increased risk of HIV infection from
contaminated needles
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HALLUCINAGENICS
• Psychedelics
• Alter mood, thought, and thesenses
• PCP-Phencyclidine, angel dust
• LSD-Lysergic acid diethylamide• Inhalants
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MARIJUANA
• Acts as poison and prevents proper
formation of DNA
• Hashish-dark brown resin from the tops of cannabis plant
• Acts as hallucinogen, depressant, and has
stimulant effects
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EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA
USESensory perception changes
Decreased body temperature, increased heart
rate and blood pressure
Stimulates appetite
Decreases self control
Mood changesPersonality problems
Psychological dependence
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EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA
USE
Memory deficits
Concentration and coordination
Decreased immune system function
Decreased testosterone, decreased sperm
production
Use during pregnancy causes condition
in baby similar to FAS
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CLUB DRUGS-ECSTASY-
MDMA• Tablet, powder, capsule
• Usually consumed orally
• Effects can last from 3-
24 hours
• Causes euphoria andintoxication
• Depression, paranoia,
violent and irrational behavior
• Physical reactions-vomiting, blurred vision,
convulsions, and more
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CLUB DRUGS-ROHYPNOL-
Sedative 10x stronger than Valium• Taken orally
• Causes intoxication
• Can cause deepsedation, respiratorydistress, blackouts
• Can last up to 24
hours• Short term amnesia
• Causes aggression
• ―Date Rape‖ drug
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CLUB DRUGS-GHB• Capsule/white-sandy
colored powder dissolved in water or alcohol
• Sold as slightly salty,clear liquid in small
bottles
• Effects last up to 3
hours• Causes nausea,
vomiting, delusions,depression, vertigo,
seizures, and more
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CLUB DRUGS-KETAMINE
• White powder that issnorted or smokedwith marijuana
• Causes hallucinations,delirium, amnesia,impaired motor skills,depression, high blood
pressure, recurrentflashbacks, respiratoryfailure
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ANABOLIC STEROIDS
Used illegally to increase athletic
performance
Increases aggressiveness andstrength, BUT…
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