Date post: | 15-Aug-2015 |
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Objectives
• Discuss the History of Cuba’s Agriculture before and after the collapse of the Soviet Union
• Discuss Hypothesis and Methods• Display and Describe Results• Conclusion and Recommendations
Agriculture in Cuba• Agricultural Reform Law 1959 and the
Green Revolutiono Export Focused Sugarcaneo Oil-centrico Synthetic Fertilizers and Pesticides
• 229% per Hectare more than US
• Soviet Collapse• Special Period
o Law 142o Permacultureo Organic Farming
• Urban Agriculture in Havanao Farmers Marketso By 2000, 26000 Urban Garden producing 25,000 tons of foodo Total Urban Agriculture Production, 113,525 tons of food
Hypothesis and Methods
• There must be change!• Landsat 5 Imagery
o Subset Region of Interest in ENVI 5.0o Ocean Mask by Extraction in ArcGISo Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)o Supervised Classificationo Raster Calculator for Changeo Reclassify total Vegetation Gains
Water Pixel Numbers Urban Pixel Numbers Vegetation Pixel Numbers
1988 Classification 6657 226710 216579
1998 Classification 7595 178732 263624
25000
75000
125000
175000
225000
275000
Change of Pixel Numbers Between 1988 to 1998
Num
ber
of
30 x
30m
Pix
els
1 2 3
1998 Classification 7595 178732 263624
2009 Classification 7506 186946 255499
25000
75000
125000
175000
225000
275000
Change in Pixel Numbers 1998 to 2009
Num
ber
of
30 x
30m
pix
els
1988 1998 2009 per. of change
Water Pixel Numbers 6657 7595 7506 849 0.127534925642181
Urban Pixel Numbers 226710 178732 186946 -39764 -0.17539588019
9374
Vegetation Pixel Numbers 216579 263624 255499 38920 0.152329363324318
-25000
25000
75000
125000
175000
225000
275000
Percentage of Change 1988 to 2009
Pix
el
Num
bers
8655.76 Acres Vegetation Increase
Work CitedArcGIS Help. Internet publications Living Planet Report (2006). World Wildlife Fund in the USA and Canada. http//:www. living_planet_report.pdf (Accessed March of 2015)
Google Earth Journal article Febles-Gonzalez, J.M. et al (2010) Cuban Agricultural Policy in the last 25 years. From conventional to organic agriculture. Land Use Policy 28(2011) 723-735 Journal article Novo, Mario Gonzalez, and Catherine Murphy (2000). Urban agriculture in the city of Havana: A popular response to a crisis. Growing cities, growing food. Urban agriculture on the policy agenda. (ZEL) (2000): 329-346. Journal article Maal-Bared, Rasha (2005) Comparing environmental issues in Cuba before and after the Special Period: Balancing sustainable development and survival. Environment International 32: 349-358