Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND2009-2801P
Hawaii Energy Storage Seminar:Other Energy Storage Technologies
Abbas AkhilSandia National Laboratories
Distributed Generation and Energy [email protected]
(505) 844-7308
June 16, 2010
Candidate Technologies
Commercially available now
Suitable for Hawaii applications
Flywheels
Thermal Energy Storage
Seawater Pumped Hydro
Flywheel Energy Storage
Highly compatible with “power” applications such as frequency regulation
• Short, high power discharges of energy• Frequent cycles: cycle life exceeds 100,000 during operational life
Successful demonstrations in 20 MW sizes in California and New York grids
Beacon Power: Provider of frequency regulation services on a merchant basis
Source: Beacon Power
Source: Beacon Power
20 MW Frequency Regulation
Source: Beacon Power
Evolution of Flywheel Design
Technology has come a long way!!
Sandia Labs Test Flywheel, 1970’s
Beacon Flywheel, Today
Thermal Energy Storage
Ice is made during off-peak hours by existing/new chillers. It is used to cool in the afternoon, on-peak periods
Primary benefits:• Load shifting to off-peak hours• Customer-side demand reduction
Distributed storage• On existing rooftops
Central ice storage in large tanks
Ice Bear System
Source: Ice Energyhttp://www.ice-energy.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=K2aEMAPpa4Y%3d&tabid=381&mid=1322
Seawater Pumped Hydro
Limited, but potentially high value applications in Hawaii grids
5 – 30 MW, 4 – 6 hours of storage Needs only 400 – 600 foot head
Advantages:• No impact on fresh water supplies• Sites near coast may need minimal civil work• Spinning reserve and system peak shaving• Complements renewables, especially wind farms• Reasonably commercial technology• Does not have cycle life or depth-of-discharge limitations (of
batteries)
Okinawa Seawater Pumped Storage
Location - Okinawa PrefectureOperation - 1999Output - 30 MW
Effective Head - 136 m (446 feet)Maximum Turbine Discharge - 26 m3/sec.Type - Embankment dam, Rubber sheet liningGross Storage Capacity = 0.59X106 m3 (approx 6 hrs of storage)
Source: International Energy Agencyhttp://www.ieahydro.org/01-Okinawa-Seawater-PSPP-lg.htm
Okinawa Pumped Hydro
Source: International Energy Agency
Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asUa1PFix1A
Mahalo!
Questions??