Hazard RecognitionHazard RecognitionInstructional Goal:Instructional Goal: the participant the participant will know what conditions in the will know what conditions in the waste site work environment could waste site work environment could result in worker hazards and the result in worker hazards and the importance of accident or exposure importance of accident or exposure prevention.prevention.

HazardHazard

any substance, situation, or any substance, situation, or condition that is condition that is capablecapable of of harming human health, property, harming human health, property, or the environmentor the environment

RiskRisk

a measure of the a measure of the probabilityprobability and and severityseverity of a hazard to harm human of a hazard to harm human health, property, or the health, property, or the environmentenvironment

Risk Risk 00

SafetySafety

defined as a defined as a judgment of the judgment of the acceptability of riskacceptability of risk

Site-Specific HASPSite-Specific HASP

For safety of workers protective For safety of workers protective methods must be identified.methods must be identified.

A model can be utilized to help A model can be utilized to help recognize hazards involved in each recognize hazards involved in each task performed at the waste site.task performed at the waste site. Job Safety Analysis - Task specificJob Safety Analysis - Task specific

Job Hazard StepsJob Hazard Steps

identify the site tasks that have identify the site tasks that have the potential for injury or illnessthe potential for injury or illness

list the steps involved to list the steps involved to perform the taskperform the task

use the steps to identify use the steps to identify potential hazards associated potential hazards associated with each stepwith each step

determine the best method of determine the best method of protectionprotection

Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition

an accurate assessment of all the an accurate assessment of all the hazards posed by the waste site is hazards posed by the waste site is nearly impossible due to the large nearly impossible due to the large number and variety of substancesnumber and variety of substances

Chemical Hazard ID Chemical Hazard ID SystemsSystems

NFPA 704 SystemNFPA 704 System

Chemical Hazard ID Chemical Hazard ID SystemsSystems

DOT LabelsDOT Labels

Hazard RecognitionHazard Recognition

ionizing radiation ionizing radiation chemical health hazardchemical health hazard chemical physical hazardchemical physical hazard site and equipment hazardssite and equipment hazards environmental hazardsenvironmental hazards biological hazardsbiological hazards

A working environment may be characterized by any combination of the following hazards

Multiple hazardsMultiple hazards Materials may have more than one hazard.Materials may have more than one hazard.

11, primary hazard, primary hazard22 ,secondary hazard or subsidiary hazard. ,secondary hazard or subsidiary hazard.

EXAMPLE: gasoline1 fire hazard - flammable. 2 chemical health hazard - organic solvent

NOTE: A worker must be aware of the multiple hazards of the materials they deal with to be protected from them.

Ionizing RadiationIonizing Radiation

Ionizing radiation is radiation that Ionizing radiation is radiation that has sufficient energy to remove has sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms. electrons from atoms.

alphaalpha betabeta gammagamma

Chemical Health HazardChemical Health Hazard

Corrosive class substances

polychlorinated biphenyls

target organ poisons

irritants mutagens teratogens asphyxiants carcinogens

Health hazards cause adverse health effects and may be encountered on a waste site.

Chemical Physical HazardChemical Physical Hazard

Chemical hazards that cause physical injury.

combustible liquids, flammable gases, combustible liquids, flammable gases, aerosols and liquidsaerosols and liquids

flammable solidsflammable solids

explosives; pyrophoricsexplosives; pyrophorics

oxidizers; organic peroxidesoxidizers; organic peroxides

unstable/reactives; water reactivesunstable/reactives; water reactives

Fire and ExplosionsFire and Explosions

Fire PreventionFire Prevention

only qualified personnel to monitoronly qualified personnel to monitor use proper precautions and use proper precautions and

proceduresprocedures isolate potential ignition sourcesisolate potential ignition sources use non-sparking, explosion proof use non-sparking, explosion proof

equipmentequipment follow established safe work follow established safe work

practicespractices

Oxygen DeficiencyOxygen Deficiency

displacement by displacement by another gasanother gas

consumption consumption during a chemical during a chemical reactionreaction

combustioncombustion

Site and Equipment HazardsSite and Equipment Hazards

holes or ditchesholes or ditches precariously positioned objectsprecariously positioned objects sharp objectssharp objects

steep gradessteep grades uneven terrainuneven terrain unstable surfacesunstable surfaces

slippery surfacesslippery surfaces

NoiseNoise

effects of noise can effects of noise can include:include:workers being startled, workers being startled,

annoyed, or distractedannoyed, or distractedphysical damage to the physical damage to the

ear, pain, and temporary ear, pain, and temporary or permanent hearing or permanent hearing lossloss

inability to communicate, inability to communicate, interferenceinterference

Electrical HazardsElectrical Hazards

overhead power linesoverhead power lines downed electrical linesdowned electrical lines unmarked buried cablesunmarked buried cables defective insulationdefective insulation charged capacitorscharged capacitors lightninglightning

Prevent Electrical AccidentsPrevent Electrical Accidents

regular inspection of equipmentregular inspection of equipment training on power toolstraining on power tools use of low voltage and GFCIsuse of low voltage and GFCIs assure groundingassure grounding energy isolation (LOTO)energy isolation (LOTO) suspend work during electrical suspend work during electrical

stormsstorms

Other Site HazardsOther Site Hazards

heavy equipmentheavy equipment PPEPPE power toolspower tools lifting and moving lifting and moving

drums/containersdrums/containers slips, trips, fallsslips, trips, falls excavation hazardsexcavation hazards

Environmental HazardsEnvironmental Hazards

Environmental conditions Environmental conditions posed by the site.posed by the site.

Heat StressHeat Stress

avoid overprotectionavoid overprotection train personnel that will wear train personnel that will wear

PPEPPE frequently monitor personnelfrequently monitor personnel carefully schedule work and carefully schedule work and

rest periodsrest periods drink plenty of fluidsdrink plenty of fluids

Normal

Loss of muscle control

Shivering

Possible Death

88

95

92

98.6

HypothermiaHypothermia

Cold Exposure PreventionCold Exposure Prevention

To guard against these hazards: Wear appropriate clothing. Have warm shelter readily

available. Carefully schedule work and

rest periods. Monitor workers' physical

conditions.

Cold Exposure TreatmentCold Exposure Treatment

Frost-damaged areas should be treated as follows: Seek medical attention immediately. Rewarm the frozen part quickly by

immersing it in warm water. Do NOT allow the victim to walk on

frozen feet. Elevate the feet after warming. Prevent contact between the injured

part and any surface except a sterile bandage.

Other Environmental Other Environmental HazardsHazards

Plants that cause severe allergic reactions in some people. (poison ivy)

Venomous insects that can cause severe allergic reactions in some people. (hornets, wasps and bees)

Snake and animal bites. Insect bites can cause severe

illness. (ticks and spiders)

Biological HazardsBiological Hazards

PathogensPathogens choleratyphoid

Bloodborne diseasesBloodborne diseaseshepatitis B virus (HBV)hepatitis B virus (HBV)human human

immunodeficiency immunodeficiency virus (HIV)virus (HIV)

Minimize Exposure Minimize Exposure

Do not clean up blood or body fluids unless you have been trained.

Know what to do before an emergency occurs.

Be sure to wash your hands and remove any PPE before eating, drinking, smoking, or handling contact lenses.