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INTRODUCTION
OSHA has estimated that more than 32 million workers are exposed to 650,000 hazardous chemical products in more than 3 million American workplaces. This course covers broad issues on hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids.
This course teaches basic OSHA requirements for storing, safe handling, application, requirements and procedures for preventing or minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, flammable, reactive, or explosive chemicals that may result in toxic, fire, or explosion hazards.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Understand the terms and hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids
Know how to store, inside and outside a facility, flammable and combustible liquids
Know and understand bonding, wiring, and rating capacities for the safe handling and storage of flammable and combustible liquids
Understand key terms and how they apply to various types of spray-finishing operations
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Understand the hazards of the spray application of flammable and combustible materials and the application of combustible powders by powder spray guns, electrostatic powder spray guns, fluidized beds, or electrostatic fluidized beds
Understand the requirements and procedures for preventing or minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, flammable, reactive, or explosive chemicals that may result in toxic, fire, or explosion hazards
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Know where to find the list of PSM chemicals and know the quantities that make a process fall under the PSM standard
Understand the application of paragraphs a-o, paragraph p, and paragraph q
Understand the requirements for awareness, operations, technician, specialist, and incident commander response
KEY TERMS
Aerosol: A material which is dispensed from its container as a mist, spray or foam, by a propellant under pressure
Approved: Something that is approved or listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (such as Underwriter's Laboratory)
KEY TERMS
Authority Having Jurisdiction: As defined in NFPA 33, the organization, office, or individual responsible for "approving" equipment, an installation, or a procedure. Where public safety is the primary concern, the "authority having jurisdiction" may be federal, state, local, or other regional department or individuals such as a fire chief, fire marshal, health department, building inspection official, or others having statutory authority
KEY TERMS
Boiling point: The boiling point of a liquid at a pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch absolute (psia). This pressure is equivalent to 760 millimeters of mercury (760 mm Hg). At temperatures above the boiling point, the pressure of the atmosphere can no longer hold the liquid in the liquid state, and bubbles begin to form. The lower the boiling point, the greater the vapor pressure at normal ambient temperatures and consequently, the greater the fire risk
KEY TERMS
Buddy system: A system of organizing employees into work groups in such a manner that each of the employees in the work group is designated to be observed by at least one other employee in the work group. The purpose of this system is to provide rapid assistance in case of an emergency
Catastrophic release: A major uncontrolled emission, fire, or explosion involving one or more highly hazardous chemical that presents serious danger to employees in the workplace
KEY TERMS
Cleanup operation: An operation where hazardous substances are removed, contained, incinerated, neutralized, stabilized, cleared-up, or in any other manner processed or handled with the ultimate goal of making the site safer for people or the environment
KEY TERMS
Combustible liquid: Any liquid having a flash point at or above 100F (37.8C). Combustible liquids are further divided into TWO classes and TWO subclasses.
Class II liquids: Have a flash points at or above 100F (37.8C) and below 140F (60C), except any mixture having components with flash points of 200F(93.3C) or higher, the volume of which makes up 99% or more of the total volume of the mixture
Class III liquids: shall include those with flash
1910.106: COMBUSTIBLE AND FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
This lesson focuses on the following topics:
Various terms used when describing physical and chemical properties attributed to flammable and combustible liquids
Container and portable tank storage of flammable and combustible liquids
Flammable and combustible storage cabinets
LESSON 1, PART A
INTRODUCTION1. This section applies to the handling, storage. And use of flammable and
combustible liquids with a flashpoint BELOW 200 F.
2. This section does NOT apply to:
a. The bulk transportation of flammable and combustible liquidsb. Storage, handling, and use of fuel oil tanks and containers
connected with oil burning equipmentc. Storage of flammable and combustible liquids on farmsd. Liquids without flashpoints that MAY be flammable under some
conditions, such as certain halogenated hydrocarbons and mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons
e. Mists, sprays, or foams, except flammable aerosol covered in paragraph (d) of this section
f. Installations made in accordance with the requirements of standards which are incorporated by reference in 1910.6
LESSON 1, PART A
FLAMMABLE & COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS SECTION 1910.106
Based on NFPA 30 (fire code)
Products with flash points < 200oF
Primary concerns
Design and construction
Ventilation
Ignition
Storage
LESSON 1, PART A
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL Flammable
Flash point less than 100 F Class I
Combustible
Flash point greater than 100 F Class II or III
LESSON 1, PART A
Flash Point indicates how easily the liquid ignitesThe temperature at which the liquid gives off enoughvapor to mix with air and ignite
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS Class IA
Flash point below 73 F Boiling point below 100 F
Class IB
Flash point below 73 F Boiling point at or above 100F
Class IC
Flash point at or above 73F Boiling point below 100 F
LESSON 1, PART A
Boiling Point- Holds liquid in a liquid state. Lower boiling point causes greater vapor pressure
EXAMPLE OF CLASS 1A FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
Ethyl ether (also called ether)
FP = -49F BP = 95F LFL = 1.9% UFL = 36.0% VD = 2.6 (air = 1) PEL TWA = 400 ppm
LESSON 1, PART A
EXAMPLE OF CLASS 1B FLAMMABLE LIQUID
Acetone
FP = 0°F BP = 134F LFL = 2.6% UFL = 12.8% VD = 2.0 (air = 1.0) PEL TWA = 1000 ppm
LESSON 1, PART A
EXAMPLE OF CLASS 1C FLAMMABLE LIQUID
Turpentine
FP = 95F BP = 307F-347F LFL = 0.8% UFL = N/A VD = Not established PEL TWA = 100 ppm
LESSON 1, PART A
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
Class II
Flash point above 100° AND below 140° F
Except mixtures with components that have flash points of 200° F or higher
Class III
Flash points over 140° F Except mixtures with
components that have flash points of 200°F or higher
LESSON 1, PART A
EXAMPLE OF A CLASS II COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID
Kerosene
FP = 110-150F BP = 180-300F LFL = 0.7% UFL = 5.0% VD = 4.5 (air = 1) PEL TWA = None under
OSHA
LESSON 1, PART A
EXAMPLE OF CLASS III COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID
Ethylene Glycol (Glycol; anti-freeze ingredient)
FP = 232F BP = 387F LFL = 3.2% UFL = 15.3% VD = N/A PEL TWA = None
LESSON 1, PART A
EXAMPLE OF A NON-FLAMMABLE (UNDER NORMAL
CONDITIONS) LIQUID
Carbon Tetrachloride
FP = N/A BP = 171F LFL = N/A UFL = N/A PEL TWA = 10 ppm Forms highly toxic phosgene
gas when exposed to flames or welding arcs
LESSON 1, PART A
FLAMMABLE LIMITS
Flammable range = Explosive range
Lower Explosive Limit
Not enough vapor to burn “Running too lean”
Upper Explosive Limit
Too much vapor to burn “Running too rich”
LESSON 1, PART A
STORAGE RULES Incidental storage
Max quantity
o 25 gallons - Class IAo 120 gallons - Class IB, IC, II, or IIIo 660 gallons - Class 1B, 1C, II, III in
single tank
Liquids kept covered when not in use
Accessibility - one side open for fire fighting
Drainage - away from structure
Adequate ventilation
LESSON 1, PART A
INSIDE STORAGE ROOMS Wiring
Class I- approved for Hazardous Locations
Class II & III- general use wiring
Ventilation
Change air at least six times per hour Air flow must be constant
Storage
An aisle 3 feet wide must be maintained
Containers over 30 gallons may not be stacked
Dispense by approved pump/self closing faucet
LESSON 1, PART A
NATIONAL ELECTRIC CODE Class I Location
Presence of flammable gas or vapor Require hazardous location equipment Battery Charging room with broken
vents
Class II Location
Presence of combustible dust Grain elevator
Class III Location
Presence of easily-ignitable fibers Cotton mill
LESSON 1, PART A
GENERAL HANDLING REQUIREMENTS
Cover when not in use
Provisions to take care of spills/leaks
Transferring liquids
Through a closed piping system
From Safety Cans Drawn through top By gravity with an approved
self closing valve
LESSON 1, PART A
CONTAINER & PORTABLE TANK DESIGN & STORAGE:
1910.106(D) Section applies to
Drums & containers < 60 gallons
Portable tanks are > 60 and < 660 gallons
Doesn’t apply to
Bulk storage areas Engine fuel tanks (Class I
and II) Paints, oils, & varnishes kept
< 30 days Beverages not exceeding 1
gallon in size
LESSON 1, PART A
CONTAINER & PORTABLE TANK DESIGN
Design, construction, and capacity of containers
Only approved containers (DOT 49 CFR 178)
Only for authorized products (DOT 49 CFR 173)
Emergency venting required Size & type of container
based on liquid
LESSON 1, PART A
CONTAINER & PORTABLE TANK INSIDE STORAGE
Storage inside building
Egress - cannot be stored as to impede egress
Offices - for equipment only, in cabinets or safety cans
General purpose public warehouse - tables available, incompatible materials
Warehouses or storage buildings - practically any quantity
LESSON 1, PART A
CONTAINER & PORTABLE TANK INSIDE STORAGE
Design & construction of inside storage rooms
Construction complies with NFPA 251-1969
Openings and depth - doors and sills
Rating & capacity - chart in 1910.106
Wiring - approved under Subpart S
Ventilation - exchange of air 6 times per hour
Storage - aisle width, egress, & stacking
LESSON 1, PART A
CONTAINER & PORTABLE TANK OUTSIDE STORAGE
Storage outside buildings
Tables summarize the requirements Diversion of spills from building Security and housekeeping
Fire control - suitable devices available
Minimum of 1 extinguisher (> 12B units)
o Outside storage room < 10 feet awayo > 10 feet but < 25feet outside of
storage room (Class I & II)
No smoking or open flames
LESSON 1, PART A
1910.106: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
This Lesson Focuses on The Following Topics
Industrial and bulk plants
Service stations
Processing plants
Refineries, chemical plants, and distilleries
LESSON 1, PART B
INTRODUCTION
This section does NOT apply to chemical plants, refineries, or distilleries. Basically this means that industrial plants do NOT have processes which include chemical reactions such as oxidation, reduction, halogenations, hydrogenation, polymerization, and other chemical processes. The flammable and combustible liquids used in industrial plants simply refers to chemicals used to lubricate, clean, repair, coat, and run the plant.
LESSON 1, PART B
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS: 1910.106(E)
Plants that use flammable and combustible liquids incidental to the principle business
Flammable and combustible liquids are only used in unit physical operations (mixing, drying, evaporating, filtering, and distillation) which do not involve a chemical reaction
LESSON 1, PART B
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS: 1910.106(E)
Tank vehicles and cars - separation distances Storage requirements – inside and outside storage rooms and
fire areas Fire control - evaluate hazards Precautions against ignition sources Bonding - Class I liquids Electrical - Subpart S requirements Repairs to equipment - hot work permits Housekeeping - spills & combustible waste
LESSON 1, PART B
BULK PLANTS: 1910.106(F)
Storage - Class I, II and III requirements Buildings- Exit facilities arranged to
prevent entrapment. Class I areas heated by steam or hot water. Class I areas have adequate ventilation
Separation for tank vehicles/cars - from above ground tanks & warehouses
Bonding - static protection
LESSON 1, PART B
BULK PLANTS: 1910.106(F)
Electrical equipment - hazardous areas for Class I classified in this section
Sources of ignition - Class I not exposed to sources and “No Smoking” signs posted
Drainage & waste - storage containers and separator boxes Fire control - suitable fire control devices
LESSON 1, PART B
SERVICE STATIONS: 1910.106(G)
Liquid storage
In closed containers < 60 gallons Underground tanks & special enclosures
Class I liquids
stored in portable containers with caps and spout
Accessible emergency switch/breaker shut-off
remote from dispensing devices
LESSON 1, PART B
PROCESSING PLANTS: 1910.106(H)
Plants with chemical operations
oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, etc. but does not apply to chemical plants, refineries, or distilleries
Buildings
safely constructed with appropriate drainage, ventilation, & explosion relief
Liquid handling
Tank storage and piping safety & identification Liquid transfer by piping or water displacement
LESSON 1, PART B
PROCESSING PLANTS: MORE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Fire control Portable FE, fixed systems, and alarms Evaluation required for hazards and controls
Sources of ignition control sources and prohibit smoking
Waste and residues Stored in closed metal cans Disposed of daily
LESSON 1, PART B
REFINERIES, CHEMICAL PLANTS,
AND DISTILLERIES: 1910.106(I) Must be protected from catastrophic fire, explosion, & release
of toxic materials
Section covers
Storage tanks and areas Wharves Accessibility by fire fighters Fire control measures
LESSON 1, PART B
1910.107 SPRAY FINISHING USING FLAMMABLE AND
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS This Lesson Focuses on The Following Topics
Spray finishing operations Spray booths (types, design, protection, and hazards) Sources of ignition Ventilation Handling, use and storage of the flammable and combustible
materials used in the spray operations Operations and maintenance of the spray booths and areas
LESSON 2
INTRODUCTIONThis section applies to flammable and combustible finishing materials when applied as a spray by compressed air, "airless" or "hydraulic atomization", steam, electrostatic methods, or by any other means in continuous or intermittent processes. This section also covers the application of combustible powders by powder spray guns, electrostatic powder spray guns, fluidized beds, or electrostatic fluidized beds. This section does NOT cover outdoor spray applications to buildings, tanks, or other similar structures, nor to small portable spraying apparatus NOT used repeatedly in the same location.
LESSON 2
Please refer to either the "definitions" found at the beginning of this series of lessons, or to 1910.107(a) in the 29 CFR to make sure that you have an understanding of "approved", "dry spray booth", "spray booth", and the like.
SPRAY FINISHINGSECTION 1910.107
Based on NFPA 33m:
Spray Finishing Using Flammable and Combustible Materials
Applies to all flammable and combustible spray finishes except outdoor operations
Definitions for:
Dry spray booth, spray area, and spray room
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS:1910.107(B) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Construction steel, concrete, or masonry
Interiors smooth & without edges
Floors non-combustible material
Baffle plates non-combustible and removable
Dry-type over-spray collectors Air velocity and alarms Extinguishing systems up and down stream Non-combustible filters
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS:ELECTRICAL & OTHER SOURCES
OF IGNITION: 1910.107(C) Minimum separation
20’ unless a partition is provided Spray area
free of heat appliances Wiring
IAW subpart S and this section Explosion proof type (Class I or II)
Combustible residues no electrical equipment present in spray area
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: MORE ABOUT ELECTRICAL & OTHER SOURCES OF IGNITION
Grounding all metal parts of booths
Spray area free of heat appliances
Wiring IAW subpart S and this section Explosion proof type (Class I or II locations)
Combustible residues no electrical equipment present in spray area
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: VENTILATION 1910.107(D)
Ventilation mechanical and continuous
Exhaust Independent for different booths/compounds Steel construction (supported) Directed so not to contaminated intake air
Discharge clearance Not < 6’ from combustible exterior wall/roof Not < 25’ from combustible construction
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: MORE VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS Fan-rotating element
non-ferrous/ non-sparking Electric motors
outside booth Belts
outside booth or enclosed Access doors
facilitate cleaning of ducts Drying spaces
must be ventilated or considered spray areas
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID
STORAGE AND HANDLING 1910.107(E)
Conform to 1910.106 Quantity
not to exceed 1 day/ 1 shift Containers
Approved portable tanks & safety cans No glass
Transferring liquids Approved pumps for containers > 60 gal Completed in ventilated room
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
STORAGE AND HANDLING REQUIREMENTS
Spray containers Supply containers < 10 gal and covered Original containers will not be pressurized
Pipes and hoses Shut-off valves at connection Pressure regulator required Inspected at regular intervals Steel construction for resistance to heat & damage
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
STORAGE AND HANDLING REQUIREMENTS
Spray liquid heaters approved and not in spray booths
Pump relief Pressure regulator on line to spray nozzle Discharged to a safe location
Grounding between containers when liquid is transferred
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS:PROTECTION 1910.107(F)
Sprinkler systems
Meet requirements of 1910.159 System has accessible outside sub-control valve Sprinkler heads - kept free of deposits
Portable extinguishers
adequate supply of fire extinguishers near spray areas
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS NEC definition
where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to flammable gases or vapors (liquids, dust, & fibers)
NEC articles
500-504 & 510-517 provide standards for electrical equipment in these locations
Three types of hazardous locations
Class 1 Location Class 2 Location Class 3 Location
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Class 1 Location
Areas with enough flammable gases or vapors in air that may cause explosion
Examples include
Petroleum refineries, gas storage & dispensing Dry cleaning plants Spray finishing areas Aircraft hangars & fuel servicing areas Utility gas plants
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Class 2 Location
Areas with combustible dust in air that may cause explosion
Examples include
Grain elevators Flour or feed mills Plants using magnesium or aluminum powders Producers of plastics, medicines, & fireworks Spice & sugar plants
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Class 3 Location
Areas with easily ignitable fibers or flyings present Fibers do not have to be suspended
Examples include
Textile mills Cotton seed mills, flax processing plants Plants that shape, pulverize or cut wood
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATION EQUIPMENT
Three electrical sources of ignition
Arcs and parks High temperatures Electrical equipment failure
Class I enclosure (Explosion proof)
Strength to contain explosion Flame path
o Ground surfaceo Threaded
LESSON 2
HAZARDOUS LOCATION EQUIPMENT
Class II enclosure (Dust-ignition proof)
Seal out dust Operate below ignition temp Allow for dust blanket
Class III enclosure
Minimize entrance of fibers Prevent escape of sparks Operate at temp preventing ignition of fibers
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE 1910.107(G)
Spraying only in designated spray areas
Cleaning daily and dispose of debris immediately
Clothing storage metal lockers or removed
Cleaning solvents flash points of > 100oF
Hazardous materials combinations remove material residue before changing to another
“No Smoking” signs posted in spray areas
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: OTHER OPERATIONS 1910.107 (H), (I),
(J), (K) Fixed electrostatic apparatus
Electrostatic hand spraying equipment
Drying, curing, or fusion apparatus
Powder coating
Organic peroxides and dual component coatings
LESSON 2
SPRAY BOOTHS: OTHER OPERATIONS 1910.107 (H), (I),
(J), (K) Fixed electrostatic apparatus
Electrostatic hand spraying equipment
Drying, curing, or fusion apparatus
Powder coating
Organic peroxides and dual component coatings
LESSON 2
1910.119 PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT OF HIGHLY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
This Lesson Focuses on The Following Topics
A six step approach to use to see if your facility falls under this standard
What duties management must undertake
The required elements of the program
What must be included in the written operations
LESSON 3
PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT OF HIGHLY HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS:
1910.110This section contains requirements for preventing or minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, flammable, or explosive chemicals. These releases may result in toxic, fire, or explosion hazards.This section applies to: a process which involves a chemical at or above the threshold quantities listed in Appendix A to this section; a process which involves a flammable liquid or gas (as defined in 1910.1200(c)) on site, in one location, in a quantity of 10,000 pounds (4535.9 kg) or more, except for hydrocarbon fuels used solely for workplace consumption (such as propane for comfort heating and gasoline for vehicle refueling) and flammable liquids stored in atmospheric tanks which are kept below their normal boiling point without benefit of chilling or refrigeration.This section does not apply to: retail facilities; oil or gas well drilling or servicing operations, or normally unoccupied remote facilities.
LESSON 3
A SIX STEP APPROACH
Identify the materials present
Identify threshold quantities in process
Are materials “processed”?
Establish boundaries of the process
Check OSHA interpretations
Prepare appropriate documentation that facility is covered under this standard
LESSON 3
MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES: WRITTEN
PROGRAM AND PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
Plan Organize Staff Train Implement Direct Audit
LESSON 3
Required Program Elements Maintain written safety information Perform a workplace hazard assessment Consult with employees on the development and conduct of hazard
assessments Establish a system to respond to the workplace hazard assessment
findings Review the workplace hazard assessment and response system Develop and implement written operating procedures for the
chemical processes Provide written safety and operating information for employee
training Consult with employees on hazard assessments
LESSON 3
Required Program Elements Establish a system to respond to hazard assessment findings Each operating phase Operating limitations Safety and health considerations Conduct pre-startup safety reviews Implement written procedures to manage change
Process chemicals Technology Equipment Facilities
Investigate every incident
LESSON 3
SUMMARY OF PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT
REQIREMENTS Provide information for employees Provide training for employees Ensure contractors and contract employees
are informed and trained Establish a quality assurance program Establish maintenance systems (PMCS)
LESSON 3
This has been a VERY brief overview of the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard. If your place of employment falls under this standard, it is recommended that appropriate employees receive the full training course.
1910.120 HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE This Lesson Focuses on :
Scope of standard Application of standard Site safety and health program Site characterization and analysis Site control and elements of a site control plan Training Medical surveillance and physician's written opinion Engineering controls and work practices PPE program Monitoring Informational programs
LESSON 4, PART A
SCOPE: 1910.120 (A) (1)
Clean-up operations at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites
Certain operations at treatment, storage and disposal (TSD) facilities
Emergency response operations for the release or substantial threat of a release of hazardous substances
LESSON 4, PART A
It is highly recommended that the student refer to Definitions, 1910.120(a)(3), or to the definitions found in the "Definitions" section of these lessons BEFORE continuing with this lesson session.
Click here to view “Opinions”
APPLICATION: 1910.120 (A)(2)
Clean-up operations must comply with all paragraphs of the standard except (p) and (q)
Operations at TSD facilities must comply with paragraph (p)
Emergency response operations not covered as a clean-up operation or TSD facility must comply with paragraph (q)
LESSON 4, PART A
SITE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM: 1910.120 (B)
Safety and health training program
Medical surveillance program
Standard operating procedures for safety and health
Any necessary interface between the general program and the site specific activities
LESSON 4, PART A
SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS 1910.120 (C)
In general, hazardous waste site operations shall be evaluated to identify specific site hazards and to determine the appropriate safety and health control procedures needed to protect employees from known and unknown hazards. The following information is the minimum necessary when performing a site characterization and analysis: the location and approximate size of the site; description of the response activity or job task to be performed; duration of the planned employee activity; site topography; site accessibility; expected safety and health hazards; status and capability of emergency response teams; chemical monitoring; and risk identification.
LESSON 4, PART A
SITE CONTROL: 1910.120(D)
Site control shall be implemented before work begins
The site control plan shall be developed during the planning phases of the operation
Will include, at a minimum: site map; site work zones; the “buddy system”; site communications; standard operating procedures for safe work practices; identification of nearest medical assistance
LESSON 4, PART A
ELEMENTS OF A SITE CONTROL PLAN
Site map
Site work zones
Use of the buddy system
Site communications and alerting procedures for emergencies
Standard operating procedures
Identification of nearest medical assistance
LESSON 4, PART A
ELEMENTS OF A SITE CONTROL PLAN
Training: 1910.120(e)
All employees working on site (such as, but not limited to equipment operators, general laborers, and others) and exposed to, or potentially exposed to hazardous substances, health hazards, or safety hazards, and their supervisors and management responsible for site activities, shall receive training meeting the requirements of paragraph (e), BEFORE they are permitted to engage in hazardous waste site operations that could, or potentially could, expose them to hazardous substances, health, or safety hazards.
LESSON 4, PART A
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: 1910.120(F)
Medical surveillance required:
Prior to assignment, periodically (normally annually), upon termination or upon reassignment IF the employee works with hazardous chemicals
If an employee shows signs or symptoms of overexposure, injury, or becomes ill because of exposure
If an employee wears a respirator for more than 30 days/yr (or as required by 1910.134)
If an employee is a member of a HAZMAT team
LESSON 4, PART A
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: 1910.120(F)
Physician’s written opinion shall include the following:
Medical conditions that put the employee at increased risk
Recommended limitations on employee’s assignment
Result of exam and test if requested by employee
Statement that employee has been notified of results
LESSON 4, PART A
ENGINEERING CONTROLS, WORK PRACTICES AND PPE: 1910.120(G)
Engineering controls and work practices are the preferred means to control employee exposures
PPE may be used as an element of protecting when other controls are not feasible
PPE shall be selected based on the hazards likely to be encountered
A written PPE program is required
PPE and engineering controls may be used together to afford the employee the best possible protection from hazardous substances
LESSON 4, PART A
PPE PROGRAM: 1910.120(G)
Selected based upon site hazards
Use and limitations
Work mission duration
Maintenance and storage
Decontamination and disposal
LESSON 4, PART A
PPE PROGRAM: 1910.120(G)
Training and proper fitting
Requires a written program
Donning and doffing procedures
Inspection procedures
Program evaluation
Limitations that result from temperature extremes (heat stress)
LESSON 4, PART A
MONITORING: 1910.120(H)
Monitoring conducted to assure proper selection of:
Engineering controls Work practices PPE
Air monitoring conducted to identify and quantify airborne contaminants
Program must include initial monitoring, periodic monitoring and personal monitoring of employees
LESSON 4, PART A
INFORMATIONAL PROGRAMS: 1910.120(I)
Informational programs shall be developed to inform employees, contractors and subcontractors about the nature, level and degree of exposures that are likely to occur
LESSON 4, PART A
1910.120 HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
This Lesson Focuses on :
Handling drums and containers Decontamination Emergency response at hazardous waste sites Elements of an emergency response plan at hazardous waste sites Illumination and sanitation at temporary workplaces New technology programs
LESSON 4, PART B
1910.120 HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
TSD facilities and emergency response to hazardous releases at TSD facilities
Emergency response to hazardous substance release – paragraph (q)
Elements of an emergency response plan for paragraph (q) locations
Training for emergency response personnel Appendices
LESSON 4, PART B
HANDLING DRUMS AND CONTAINERS: 1910.120(J)
Hazardous substances, and contaminated soils, liquids, and other residues shall be handled, transported, labeled, and disposed of in accordance with 1910.120(j). Drums and containers used during clean-up shall meet appropriate DOT, OSHA, and EPA regulations for the wastes that they contain. You should follow :
General requirements for drum and container handling Procedures for opening drums and containers Materials handling equipment Radioactive, shock sensitive and lab wastes Sampling of drums and containers Shipping and transporting Tanks and vaults
LESSON 4, PART B
DECONTAMINATION: 1910.120(K)
Decontamination must be implemented prior to site entry
Standard operating procedures must be developed to minimize contact with hazardous materials
All employees leaving the work area must go through decontamination
LESSON 4, PART B
DECONTAMINATION: 1910.120(K)
Site safety supervisor must monitor effectiveness of the decontamination procedures
Equipment and PPE must be decontaminated or disposed of in a proper manner
Regular showers and change rooms must meet the requirements of the OSHA sanitation standard
LESSON 4, PART B
EMERGENCY RESPONSE AT HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES:
1910.120(L) A written emergency response plan is
required
Employers who will evacuate all personnel and not allow them to participate in response efforts are exempt from this requirement but must prepare an emergency action plan as required by 29 CFR 1910.38
LESSON 4, PART B
ELEMENTS OF THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
Pre-emergency planning
Personnel roles, lines of authority and communication
Emergency recognition and prevention
Safe distances and places of refuge
Site security and control
Evacuation routes and procedures
LESSON 4, PART B
ELEMENTS OF THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
Decontamination procedures
Emergency medical treatment and first aid
Emergency alerting and response procedures
Critique of response and follow-up
PPE and emergency equipment
Site topography, layout, and prevailing weather conditions
Procedures for reporting incidents to governmental agencies
LESSON 4, PART B
ILLUMINATION: 1910.120(M)
Minimum level of illumination at work site, per tableH-120 of paragraph (m) is required.
LESSON 4, PART B
SANITATION AT TEMPORARY WORKPLACES: 1910.120(N)
Requirements for potable and non-potable water supplies
Requirements for toilet facilities
Requirements for food handling, temporary sleeping quarters and washing facilities
Showers and change rooms
Requires employees to shower at the end of their work shift AND when leaving the hazardous work site
LESSON 4, PART B
NEW TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS: 1910.120(O)
Employers shall implement procedures for introducing effective new technologies
Employers shall evaluate new technologies, equipment and control methods
LESSON 4, PART B
TSD FACILITIES: 1910.120(P)
Written safety and health program
Hazard communication program
Medical surveillance program meeting requirements of paragraph (f)
Decontamination program meeting requirements of paragraph (k)
LESSON 4, PART B
TSD FACILITIES: 1910.120(P)Elements of the Emergency Plan for TSD Facilities
Pre-emergency planning and coordination with outside parties
Personnel roles and lines of authority and communication
Emergency recognition and prevention
Safe distances and places of refuge
Site security and control
Evacuation routes and procedures
LESSON 4, PART B
TSD FACILITIES: 1910.120(P) Decontamination procedures
Emergency medical treatment and first aid
Emergency alerting and response procedures
Critique of response and follow-up
PPE and emergency equipment
Site topography, layout, and prevailing weather conditions
Procedures for reporting incidents to governmental agencies
LESSON 4, PART B
EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO HAZARDOUS 1910.120(Q)
Substance Release
Emergency response plans are required except where employers will evacuate their employees
Procedures for handling an emergency response incident
Personnel and levels of training
Trainer qualifications
LESSON 4, PART B
EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO HAZARDOUS 1910.120(Q)
Material Release
Refresher training requirements
Medical surveillance program that complies with paragraph (f)
Chemical protective clothing requirements
Post-emergency response operations
LESSON 4, PART B
ELEMENTS OF THE EMERGENCY PLAN
Pre-emergency planning and coordination with outside parties
Personnel roles and lines of authority and communication
Emergency recognition and prevention
Safe distances and places of refuge
Site security and control
Evacuation routes and procedures
LESSON 4, PART B
ELEMENTS OF THE EMERGENCY PLAN
Decontamination procedures
Emergency medical treatment and first aid
Emergency alerting and response procedures
Critique of response and follow-up
PPE and emergency equipment
Emergency response organizations may use local or state plans as part of their plan to avoid duplication
LESSON 4, PART B
RESPONSE PERSONNEL AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
First responder operations level
Minimum of 8 hours training to the awareness level Competencies for operations level
Hazardous materials technician
Minimum of 24 hours training to the operations level Competencies for technician level
LESSON 4, PART B
RESPONSE PERSONNEL AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
Hazardous materials specialist
Minimum of 24 hours training to the technician level Competencies for the specialist level
Incident commander
Minimum 24 hours training to the operations level Competencies for the incident commander
LESSON 4, PART B