1 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 1
Connecticut Fire Academy
Hazardous Materials OperationsN.F.P.A. 472 – 2013
Chapters 4, 5, 6 “Overview”Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Chapter 1
January 01, 2014
Slide 2
Connecticut Fire Academy
Connecticut Fire Academy Hazardous MaterialsAfter Completing this Course, the Student will Demonstrate a Knowledge of
Hazardous Materials Practices and Procedures in Accordance with
N.F.P.A. 472 (2013 Edition) Awareness / Operations / WMD Level
• Awareness
• Operational CORE Competencies
• Eight Mission Specific Responsibilities
Connecticut Fire Academy
Skills Evaluation Sheets
2013 EditionDepartment of Emergency Services and Public Protection
State of Connecticut
Commission on Fire Prevention and Control
860-627-6363In-State Toll Free - 1-877-528-3473
Hazardous Materials / WMD
Awareness & Operational Level
Connecticut Fire Academy and Jones and Bartlett
Hazardous Materials / Awareness and
Operations meets and exceeds requirements for
Firefighter I & II certification.
Satisfies the CORE competencies for HAZMAT
OPERATION level responders, including eight
mission specific responsibilities.
Slide 3
Connecticut Fire Academy
– Recognize the Presence of a Hazardous Materials / WMD
Incident
– Take Initial Action
• Control Zones
– Implement the ICS
– Use Reference Material
• ERG
• NIOSH Pocket Guide
• Safety Data Sheets
– Perform Appropriate DECON
– Understand a Response to HM / WMD
Goals
Goals of this course are to learn how to
Recognize presence of a hazardous
materials/WMD incident
Take initial actions, including establishing scene
control zones
Implement the Incident Command System
Use basic reference sources such as the
Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
Perform appropriate decontamination, when
necessary
Understand where you fit into a full-scale
hazardous materials/WMD response
2 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 4
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Define a Hazardous Material
• Define Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
• Describe the levels of Haz Mat Training:• Awareness
• Operations
• Technician
• Specialist
• Incident Commander
NFPA 6.2.1.2
Objectives
6.2.1.2 Goal. The goal of the competencies in this
section shall be to provide the
operations level responder assigned to use personal
protective equipment with the
knowledge and skills to perform the following tasks
safely and effectively:
• Plan a response within the capabilities of personal
protective equipment provided by the AHJ in
order to perform mission specific tasks assigned.
• Implement the planned response consistent with
the standard operating procedures
and site safety and control plan by donning,
working in, and doffing personal protective
equipment provided by the AHJ.
Terminate the incident by completing the reports
and documentation pertaining to personal
protective equipment.
Slide 5
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Understand Federal Regulations vs.
Standards that govern Hazardous
Materials response activities
• Explain why Hazardous Materials
Incidents differ from other Emergencies
• Explain the need for a planned response
to a Hazardous Materials incident
NFPA 6.2.1.2
Objectives
6.2.1.2 Goal. The goal of the competencies in this
section shall be to provide the
operations level responder assigned to use personal
protective equipment with the
knowledge and skills to perform the following tasks
safely and effectively:
• Plan a response within the capabilities of personal
protective equipment provided by the AHJ in
order to perform mission specific tasks assigned.
• Implement the planned response consistent with
the standard operating procedures
and site safety and control plan by donning,
working in, and doffing personal protective
equipment provided by the AHJ.
(3) Terminate the incident by completing the reports
and documentation pertaining to personal
protective equipment.
3 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 6
Connecticut Fire Academy
Additional Requirements From:
OSHA
EPA
DOT
State, Local etc.
NFPA 4.1.1.1 / 4.1.1.2 / 4.1.1.3
Regulations
4.1.1.1 Responders also shall receive any additional training
to meet applicable Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), United
States Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), United States Department of
Transportation (DOT), and other state, local,
Or provincial occupational health and safety
regulatory requirements.
There are numerous Regulatory Agencies that enforce
the rules/laws involving hazardous materials in the
workplace, transportation and environment. Code of
Federal Regulations is collection of permanent rules
published by the federal government. There are 50
“titles” that represent a broad area of interests that are
regulated. Federal regulations are
published in the Federal Register, issued daily; they
are then annually published in a text called the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR).
Each federal agency is identified by a two-digit
number (29 for OSHA, 40 for EPA,
49 for DOT), and each regulation is given a number to
identify it.
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311 apply
to employers whose employees are engaged in
emergency response to hazardous materials incidents.
Employer
responsibilities under these regulations fall into four
primary areas:
1. Development of an emergency response plan.
2. Development of specific procedures for handling
hazardous materials incidents.
3. Training requirements.
4. Health and safety requirements (medical
monitoring for the use of chemical protective
clothing and exposure records).
4 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 7
Connecticut Fire Academy
Code of Federal Regulations:
29 CFR
Labor (Department of Labor) (OSHA)
40 CFR
Protection of Environment (EPA)
49 CFR
Transportation (DOT)
Regulations
These are important Codes of Federal Regulations
(CFR) that will have an impact on various Hazardous
Materials Responders.
29 CFR is for the Department of Labor
This is where most OSHA regulations that apply to
First Responders is defined;
such as 1910.120 which covers Hazardous Materials
and identifies levels of
responders and training requirements
40 CFR is for the Environmental Protection
Agency Greatly impacts how we can mitigate and how
clean-up is performed, also covers states that are not
OSHA states among other things in regards to
regulations.
49 CFR is for the Department of Transportation
This impacts all the modes of transportation the
effects of Hazardous Materials such as Placarding, ID
numbers etc.
Slide 8
Connecticut Fire Academy
National Fire Protection Association:
(N.F.P.A.)
472 – 2013 Edition Standard for Competencies
of Responders to Hazardous Materials / Weapons
of Mass Destruction Incidents
473 – 2013 Edition Standard for Competencies
of EMS Personnel in Responding to Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction
Standards
Standards are developed and used to help responders
meet those regulations.
Issued by nongovernmental entities and are consensus
based.
A standard may be voluntary, a department may not
be required to adopt and follow the standard.
NFPA develops, publishes and disseminates more
than 300 consensus codes and standards intended to
minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other
risks.
NFPA 472: Standard for Competence of Responders
to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction
Incidents
NFPA 472: Standard for Competence of Responders
to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction
Incidents
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 9
Connecticut Fire Academy
Responders:
The Government body that sets
Operational Policy and Procedures
for the jurisdiction of responsibility
Fire Departments
Hazardous Material Response Teams
Site Specific Response Teams
Law Enforcement
Emergency Medical Services
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)
The Government body that sets Operational Policy
and Procedures for the jurisdiction of responsibility
Fire Departments
Hazardous Material Response Teams
Site Specific Response Teams
Law Enforcement
Emergency Medical Services
Slide 10
Connecticut Fire Academy
HAZWOPER (29 CFR 1910.120):
HAZardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
Defines the training levels for responders
Awareness
Operations
Technician
Specialist
Incident Commander
O.S.H.A. (29 CFR)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration is part
of the US Department of Labor.
States may adopt to except or supersede OSHA
workplace health and safety regulations.
Adopting states are called State – Plan states.
Non plan states work under EPA regulations.
29 CFR 1910.120 is how OSHA regulates hazardous
material responses.
Defines training levels as: Awareness, Operations,
Technician, Specialist and Incident Command
Slide 11
Connecticut Fire Academy
Any chemical that would be a risk to employees if
exposed in the work place.
The term covers a broader group of chemicals than the
other chemical terms
Hazardous Chemicals
NFPA Appendix I.2.6
Terms / Definitions – O.S.H.A.
I.2.6 Hazardous Chemicals. OSHA uses the term
hazardous chemicals for any chemical that would be a
risk to employees if they were exposed in the
workplace.
The term hazardous chemicals covers a broader group
of chemicals than the other chemical terms.
6 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 12
Connecticut Fire Academy
Those Chemicals that possess toxic, reactive,
flammable or explosive properties.
Fall under 29 CFR 1910.119 “Process Safety
Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals”
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
NFPA Appendix I.2.8
Terms / Definitions – O.S.H.A.
I.2.8 Highly Hazardous Chemicals. OSHA uses the
term highly hazardous
chemicals for those chemicals that fall under the
requirements of 29 CFR 1910.119,
“Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous
Chemicals.” Highly hazardous
chemicals are those chemicals that possess toxic,
reactive, flammable, or explosive properties. A list of
covered substances is published in Annex A of 29
CFR 1910.119.
Slide 13
Connecticut Fire Academy
Facilities
Generators of Hazardous Materials
Required Training of All Personnel
Annually
Performance of Duties
Does not state Levels of Training
E.P.A. (40 CFR)
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
administers the rules and regulations that protect,
preserve, and clean up the air, waterways, and land of
the United States. If you generate, transport, treat,
store, or dispose of hazardous waste you will also
need to be in compliance with federal EPA
regulations.
40 CFR Part 311, Worker Protection Standards for
Hazardous Waste Operations and
Emergency Response, Final Rule, printed in the
Federal Register on June 23, 1989.
The EPA’s version of HAZWOPER. This regulation
has had far-reaching effects for the fire service. It
requires certain training and the development of
standard operating procedures. It spells out certain
requirements in handling chemical releases. It allows
only persons trained in the handling of chemical
releases to respond to chemical incidents. Only certain
training levels allow operation on working in and
around chemical releases. Just to be present at a
chemical accident requires training, and as
responders’ activity levels increase so do their needs
for further training.
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 14
Connecticut Fire Academy
Chemicals that, if released into the environment above a
certain amount, must be reported, and depending on the
threat to the environment, federal involvement in
handling the incident can be authorized.
Also found in 40 CFR 203 and 29 CFR 1910.120
Hazardous Substances
NFPA Appendix I.2.2
Terms / Definitions – E.P.A.
I.2.2 Hazardous Substances. EPA uses the term
hazardous substances for
chemicals that if released into the environment above
a certain amount must be reported, and, depending on
the threat to the environment, federal involvement in
handling the incident can be authorized. A list of the
hazardous substances is published in Table 302.4 of
40 CFR 302. The U.S. Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) uses the term
hazardous substances in 29 CFR
1910.120, which resulted from Title I of the
Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA) (40 CFR 355) and
covers emergency response.
Unlike EPA, OSHA uses the term hazardous
substances to cover every chemical regulated by both
DOT and EPA.
Slide 15
Connecticut Fire Academy
Chemicals that must be reported to the appropriate
authorities if released above the threshold reporting
quantity.
Found in Title III of SARA 40 CFR 355
Extremely Hazardous Substances
Instructor Note: Review Reportable Quantity (RQ) list with Students
NFPA Appendix I.2.3
Terms / Definitions – E.P.A.
I.2.3 Extremely Hazardous Substances. EPA uses
the term extremely hazardous substances for
chemicals that must be reported to the appropriate
authorities if released above the threshold reporting
quantity. Each substance has a threshold reporting
quantity. The list of extremely hazardous substances is
identified in Title
III of SARA (40 CFR 355).
Slide 16
Connecticut Fire Academy
Chemicals whose total emissions or releases must be
reported annually by owners and operators of certain
facilities that manufacture, process, or otherwise use a
listed toxic chemical.
Found in Title III of SARA 40 CFR 355
Toxic Chemicals
NFPA Appendix I.2.4
Terms / Definitions – E.P.A.
I.2.4 Toxic Chemicals. EPA uses the term toxic
chemicals for chemicals whose total emissions or
releases must be reported annually by owners and
operators of certain facilities that manufacture,
process, or otherwise use a listed toxic chemical.
The toxic chemicals are listed in Title III of SARA
(40 CFR 355).
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 17
Connecticut Fire Academy
Chemicals that are regulated under the Resource,
Conservation, and Recovery Act.
Hazardous Wastes
NFPA Appendix I.2.5
Terms / Definitions – E.P.A.
I.2.5 Hazardous Wastes. EPA uses the term
hazardous wastes for chemicals that are regulated
under the Resource, Conservation, and Recovery Act
(40 CFR 261.33).
Hazardous wastes in transportation are regulated by
DOT (49 CFR 170-180).
Slide 18
Connecticut Fire Academy
Transportation
Haz Mat – Carriers Responsibility
Shipping Papers
Placard and Mark Vehicle
Loading and Unloading
Compatibility
Blocking and Bracing
Incident Reporting
Security Plan
Employee Training
D.O.T. (49 CFR)
The Department of Transportation receives the
authority to regulate the transportation of hazardous
materials from the Hazardous Materials
Transportation Act (HMTA), 49 CFR.
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) also
requires training for persons shipping or transporting
hazardous materials (including hazardous wastes) [49
CFR 172.700].
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration (PHMSA) was delegated the
responsibility to write the hazardous materials
regulations, which are contained in 49 CFR Parts 100-
180.
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) also
requires training for persons shipping or transporting
hazardous materials (including hazardous wastes) [49
CFR 172.700].
Slide 19
Connecticut Fire Academy
It covers all of the 11 hazard classes and divisions.
Includes Hazardous Substances & Waste (EPA terms)
Hazardous Materials
NFPA Appendix I.2.1
Terms / Definitions – D.O.T.
I.2.1 Hazardous Materials. The U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT) uses the term hazardous
materials to cover 11 hazard classes, some of which
have subcategories called divisions. DOT includes in
its regulations hazardous
substances and hazardous wastes as Class 9
(Miscellaneous Hazardous
Materials), both of which are regulated by the U.S.
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), if their inherent properties would not
otherwise be covered.
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 20
Connecticut Fire Academy
The National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA) is a United States trade association,
albeit with some international members, that
creates and maintains private, copyrighted,
standards and codes for usage and adoption by
local governments. This includes publications
from model building codes to the many on
equipment utilized by firefighters while engaging
in hazardous material (hazmat) response, rescue
response, and some firefighting.
N.F.P.A. (Standards and Recommended Practices)
The Department of Transportation receives the
authority to regulate the transportation of hazardous
materials from the Hazardous Materials
Transportation Act (HMTA), 49 CFR.
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) also
requires training for persons shipping or transporting
hazardous materials (including hazardous wastes) [49
CFR 172.700].
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration (PHMSA) was delegated the
responsibility to write the hazardous materials
regulations, which are contained in 49 CFR Parts 100-
180.
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) also
requires training for persons shipping or transporting
hazardous materials (including hazardous wastes) [49
CFR 172.700].
Slide 21
Connecticut Fire Academy
A substance (solid, liquid, or gas or energy)
when released is capable of creating harm
to people, the environment, and property
including WMD as defined in:
18 U.S. Code 2332a
Hazardous Materials
NFPA 3.3.28
Terms / Definitions – N.F.P.A.
3.3.28* Hazardous Material. A substance (either
matter – solid, liquid, or gas – or
energy) that when released is capable of creating harm
to people, the environment, and property, including
weapons of mass destruction (WMD) as defined in 18
U.S.
Code, Section 2332a, as well as any other criminal use
of hazardous materials, such as illicit labs,
environmental crimes, or industrial sabotage.
Slide 22
Connecticut Fire Academy
In Canadian Transportation,
hazardous materials are called
“Dangerous Goods”.
Dangerous Goods
NFPA Appendix I.2.7
Terms / Definitions – Canada
I.2.7 Dangerous Goods. In United Nations model
codes and regulations, hazardous materials are called
dangerous goods.
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 23
Connecticut Fire Academy
First Responder Awareness Level• First responders at the awareness level are individuals
who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous
substance release and who have been trained to initiate
an emergency response sequence by notifying the
proper authorities of the release. They would take no
further action beyond notifying the authorities of the
release. First responders at the awareness level shall
have sufficient training or have had sufficient experience
to objectively demonstrate competency in the following
areas:
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(i)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(i)
First responder awareness level. First responders at
the awareness level are individuals
who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous
substance release and who have been trained to
initiate an emergency response sequence by notifying
the proper authorities of the release. They would take
no further action beyond notifying the authorities of
the release. First responders at the awareness level
shall have sufficient training or have had
sufficient experience objectively demonstrate
competency in the following areas:
An understanding of what hazardous substances
are, and the risks associated with them in an incident.
An understanding of the potential outcomes
associated with an emergency created when hazardous
substances are present.
The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous
substances in an emergency.
The ability to identify the hazardous substances, if
possible.
An understanding of the role of the first responder
awareness individual in the employer's emergency
response plan including site security and control and
the U.S.
Department of Transportation's Emergency
Response Guidebook.
The ability to realize the need for additional
resources, and to make appropriate notifications to the
communication center.
Slide 24
Connecticut Fire Academy
Considered to be “Responders”• Knowledge of Hazardous Substances and Associated Risk
• Understand Potential Outcomes of HM Incidents
• Recognize the Presence of Hazardous Materials
• Understand the Awareness Level in a Emergency
Response Plan
• Assess need for additional resources and notify the
Communication Center
• Required Annual refresher training
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(i)
O.S.H.A. Awareness Level Personnel
HAZWOPER considers awareness level to be
“responders.”
Have knowledge of hazardous substances and
associated risks
Understand potential outcomes of incident
Recognize presence of hazardous material
Understand role of awareness level individual in
emergency response plan
Can assess need for additional resources and notify
the communication center
Annual refresher training required
11 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 25
Connecticut Fire Academy
Awareness Level Personnel• Persons who in the course of their normal duties,
could encounter an emergency involving Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and
who are expected to recognize the presence of the
Hazardous Materials / WMD, protect themselves,
call for trained personnel, and secure the area.
NFPA 3.3.4
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Taken from NFPA 472-2013 Chapter 3
Persons who in the course of their normal duties,
could encounter an emergency involving Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and
who are expected to recognize the presence of the
Hazardous Materials / WMD, protect themselves, call
for trained personnel, and secure the area.
Slide 26
Connecticut Fire Academy
Awareness Level Personnel
• Recognize
• Protect
• Call Trained Personnel
• Secure Area
Not Responders
• Function in Support
NFPA 3.3.4
(N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Awareness level personnel trained to:
Recognize the presence of the hazardous materials /
WMD
Protect themselves
Call for trained personnel
Secure the area
Awareness level personnel are no longer considered
responders.
They function in support roles.
Detect presence of hazardous materials/WMD
Identify substance involved
Use ERG to research the hazard at hand
Initiate and implement protective actions
consistent with plan, procedures, and ERG
Initiate notification process
Examples of awareness level personnel
Publics works employees
Fixed-site security personnel
Slide 27
Connecticut Fire Academy
Awareness Level Personnel
Support:
• Detect Presence of Haz Mat / WMD
• Identify Substance .. If Possible “Safely”
• Use Emergency Response Guide (ERG)
• Protective Actions
• Notification
Example: Public Works; Fixed-Site Security
NFPA 3.3.4
(N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
They function in support roles.
Detect presence of hazardous materials / WMD
Identify substance involved
Use ERG to research the hazard at hand
Initiate and implement protective actions consistent
with plan, procedures, and ERG
Initiate notification process
Examples of awareness level personnel
Publics works employees
Fixed-site security personnel
12 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 28
Connecticut Fire Academy
First Responder Operations Level• First responders at the operations level are individuals
who respond to releases or potential releases of
hazardous substances as part of the initial response to
the site for the purpose of protecting nearby persons,
property, or the environment from the effects of the
release. They are trained to respond in a defensive
fashion without actually trying to stop the release. Their
function is to contain the release from a safe distance,
keep it from spreading, and prevent exposures.
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(ii)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(ii)
First responders at First responder Operations level.
the operations level are individuals who respond to
releases or potential releases of hazardous substances
as part of the initial response to the site for the
purpose of protecting nearby persons, property, or the
environment from the effects of the release. They are
trained to respond in a defensive fashion without
actually trying to stop the release. Their function is to
contain the release from a safe distance, keep it from
spreading, and prevent exposures. First responders at
the operational level shall have received at least eight
hours of training or have had sufficient experience to
objectively demonstrate competency in the following
areas in addition to those listed for the awareness level
and the employer shall so certify:
Slide 29
Connecticut Fire Academy
Trained to Respond in a Defensive fashion• Do NOT Stop the release directly
• Keep a Safe Distance from the Substance
• Prevent Spread of Hazardous Material
• Prevent / Reduce potential human exposures
• Conduct Hazard / Risk Assessment
• Select Proper P.P.E.
• Know Basic Hazardous Material Terms
• Control, Contain / Confine using available resources
• Perform Decontamination
• Understand relevant Standard Operating / Termination
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(ii)
O.S.H.A. Operations Level Personnel
HAZWOPER requires that operations level personnel
be trained to respond in a defensive fashion.
Do not stop the release directly
Keep a safe distance from substance
Prevent the spread of hazardous material
Prevent/reduce potential human exposures
Conduct hazard/risk assessment
Select proper PPE
Know basic hazardous materials terms
Control and contain/confine the release using
available resources
Perform decontamination
Understand relevant standard operating and
termination procedures
Slide 30
Connecticut Fire Academy
Operations Level Personnel
• Persons who respond to hazardous materials / weapons
of mass destruction (WMD) incidents for the purpose of
implementing or supporting actions to protect nearby
persons, the environment, or property from the effects of
the release.
NFPA 3.4.4
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Taken from NFPA 472-2008 Chapter 3
Persons who in the course of their normal duties,
could encounter an emergency involving Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and
who are expected to recognize the presence of the
Hazardous Materials / WMD, protect themselves, call
for trained personnel, and secure the area.
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 31
Connecticut Fire Academy
Operations Core Competencies
• Analyze Incident Scene
• Determined Scope of Emergency
• Identify Containers and Materials
• Use Reference Resources
• Predict Behavior of Hazardous Materials
• Estimate Potential Incident Outcomes
NFPA 3.4.4
(N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Taken from NFPA 472-2013 Chapter 3
Persons who in the course of their normal duties,
could encounter an emergency involving Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and
who are expected to recognize the presence of the
Hazardous Materials / WMD, protect themselves, call
for trained personnel, and secure the area.
Slide 32
Connecticut Fire Academy
Operations Core Competencies
• Plan Response to Substance Release
• Select Correct Level of P.P.E.
• Perform Decontamination
• Preserve Evidence
• Evaluate status and effectiveness of the
Response
NFPA 3.4.4
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Taken from NFPA 472-2013 Chapter 3
Persons who in the course of their normal duties,
could encounter an emergency involving Hazardous
Materials / Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and
who are expected to recognize the presence of the
Hazardous Materials / WMD, protect themselves, call
for trained personnel, and secure the area.
Slide 33
Connecticut Fire Academy
Hazardous Materials Technician• Hazardous materials technicians are individuals who
respond to releases or potential releases for the purpose
of stopping the release. They assume a more aggressive
role than a first responder at the operations level in that
they will approach the point of release in order to plug,
patch or otherwise stop the release of a hazardous
substance. Hazardous materials technicians shall have
received at least 24 hours of training equal to the first
responder operations level and in addition have
competency in the following areas and the employer
shall so certify:
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(iii)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(iii)
Hazardous Hazardous Materials Technician.
materials technicians are individuals who respond to
releases or potential releases for the purpose of
stopping the release. They assume a more aggressive
role than a first responder at the operations level in
that they will approach the point of release in order to
plug, patch or otherwise stop the release of a
hazardous substance. Hazardous materials technicians
shall have received at least 24 hours of training equal
to the first responder operations level and in addition
have competency in the following areas and the
employer shall so certify:
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Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 34
Connecticut Fire Academy
Technician Level Responders
• Direct Operational Level Responders during
Hazardous Materials / WMD Response
• Assess Performance
• Provide Feedback
• Approach Point of Release
• Plug, Patch or otherwise
Mitigate Emergency
NFPA 3.3.34
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Technicians can oversee operational level personnel to
assist with staffing needs of the incident
Hazmat technicians must be fully trained to approach
the point of release in order to plug, patch, or
otherwise stop the release
Slide 35
Connecticut Fire Academy
Technician Level Responders
Competent In:
• Retrieving Information
• Develop Strategies
• Understand Potential of Release
• Implement Actions consistent with L.E.R.P.
• Establish Incident Zones
NFPA 3.3.34
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Hazmat technicians must be able to demonstrate a
competency in:
Performing the applicable skills of 29 CFR
1910.120(q)
Understanding the information provided in 29 CFR
1910.1201
Retrieving and using written and electronic
information relative to response decision making
Developing strategies for stopping a release
Understanding the potential hazards of a hazardous
release
Understanding the procedures for implementing
response actions consistent with the emergency
response plan
Establishing exposure zones and proper
decontamination and medical stations
Slide 36
Connecticut Fire Academy
Technician Level Responders
Competent In:
• Select P.P.E.
• Analyzing Incident
• Determine Chemical Properties
• Determine HazMat Transportation Containers
• Function in Incident Command System (ICS)
NFPA 3.3.34
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Hazmat technicians must be able to demonstrate a
competency in:
Selecting proper PPE
Analyzing an incident to determine the presence of
hazardous substances
Determining the physical and chemical properties of a
substance and its container
Determining the types of hazardous substance
transportation containers involved in a release
15 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 37
Connecticut Fire Academy
Hazardous Materials Specialist
• Hazardous materials specialists are individuals who
respond with and provide support to hazardous materials
technicians. Their duties parallel those of the hazardous
materials technician, however, those duties require a
more directed or specific knowledge of the various
substances they may be called upon to contain. The
hazardous materials specialist would also act as the site
liaison with Federal, state, local and other government
authorities in regards to site activities.
Note: Specific training on select areas of Haz Mat
Generally Assist Technicians
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(iv)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(iv)
The specialist level of hazardous materials technicians
receives more specialized training than a
hazardous materials technician in a specific
expertise.
Slide 38
Connecticut Fire Academy
Specialist Employees
• Three Categories Identified A, B, C for areas of
specialization
• Also 472 recognizes Technicians with
Specialties in Specific Areas such as:
• Tank Cars
• Cargo Tanks
• Intermodals
NFPA 3.3.59
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
Technicians can oversee operational level personnel to
assist with staffing needs of the incident
Hazmat technicians must be fully trained to approach
the point of release in order to plug, patch, or
otherwise stop the release
Slide 39
Connecticut Fire Academy
On Scene Incident Commander
• Incident commanders, who will assume control of the
incident scene beyond the first responder awareness
level, shall receive at least 24 hours of training equal to
the first responder operations level and in addition have
competency in the following areas and the employer
shall so certify:
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(v)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(v)
On scene incident commander. Incident commanders,
who will assume control of the incident scene beyond
the first responder awareness level, shall receive at
least 24 hours of training equal to the first responder
operations level and in addition have competency in
the following areas and the employer shall so certify:
• Know and be able to implement the employer's
incident command system.
• Know how to implement the employer's emergency
response plan.
• Know and understand the hazards and risks
associated with employees working in chemical
protective clothing.
• Know how to implement the local emergency
response plan.
• Know of the state emergency response plan and of
the Federal Regional Response Team.
• Know and understand the importance of
decontamination procedures.
16 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 40
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Responsible for ALL Incident Activities
• Implements Incident Command System
• Implements Employer’s Emergency Response Plan
• Implements Local Emergency Response Plan
• Regional Teams
• Federal Response Teams
• Develops Strategies and Tactics
• Knows and Understand Decontamination Procedures
• Appoints Safety Officer
• Order and Releases Resources
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(i)
O.S.H.A. On Scene Incident Commander
Know and be able to implement the employer's
incident command system.
Know how to implement the employer's emergency
response plan.
Know and understand the hazards and risks associated
with employees working in chemical protective
clothing.
Know how to implement the local emergency
response plan.
Know of the state emergency response plan and of the
Federal Regional Response Team.
Know and understand the importance of
decontamination procedures.
Slide 41
Connecticut Fire Academy
Incident Commander
• The individual responsible for all incident
activities, including development of Strategies
and Tactics and the ordering and the release of
resources
NFPA 3.3.37
Definition (N.F.P.A.) 472-2013
The individual responsible for all incident activities,
including development of Strategies and Tactics and
the ordering and the release of resources
Slide 42
Connecticut Fire Academy
Trainer
• Trainers who teach any of the above training subjects
shall have satisfactorily completed a training course for
teaching the subjects they are expected to teach, such
as the courses offered by the U.S. National Fire
Academy, or they shall have the training and / or
academic credentials and instructional experience
necessary to demonstrate competent instructional skills
and a good command of the subject matter of the
courses they are to teach.
29CFR1910.120(q)(6)(vi)
Definition (O.S.H.A.)
Taken from OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(6)(vi)
Trainers who teach any of the above training subjects
shall have satisfactorily completed a training course
for teaching the subjects they are expected to teach,
such as the courses offered by the U.S. National Fire
Academy, or they shall have the training and/or
academic credentials and instructional experience
necessary to demonstrate competent instructional
skills and a good command of the subject matter of
the courses they are to teach.
17 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 43
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Created method and standard practice for a
local community to understand chemical hazards
in the community
• Title III: Emergency Planning and Community
Right to Know Act (EPCRA)
– Businesses must report storage type, quantity, and
methods to fire dept. and local emergency planning
committee
Superfund Amendment and
Reauthorization Act
of 1986 (SARA)
On October 17, 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed
into law the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). This act
amended the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
(CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund.
A free-standing law, the Emergency Planning and
Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA)
was commonly known as SARA Title III.
Its purpose is to encourage and support emergency
planning efforts at the state and local levels and to
provide the public and local governments with
information concerning potential chemical hazards
present in their communities.
18 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 44
Connecticut Fire Academy
Local Emergency Planning Committee
(LEPC)
• Gathers and disseminates information about
hazardous materials to public
• Composed of volunteers from industry,
transportation, media, fire, police, public
• Collect Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Other Agencies
Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)
Gathers and disseminates information about hazardous
materials to public
Composed of volunteers from industry, transportation,
media, fire, police, public
Material safety data sheet (MSDS) is collected by the
LEPC
Connecticut Background
In May 1987, pursuant to Section 22a-601(b) of the
Connecticut General Statutes (CGS), the State
Emergency Response Commission (SERC)
designated local planning districts by notifying the
Chief Elected Official in each municipality that
each municipality was designated as a Local
Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). Since
that time, many municipalities have joined
together to form regional emergency planning
committees or may have even become inactive.
Roles and Responsibilities The LEPC has many responsibilities, mandates, and
deadlines. The SERC has adopted guidance for
LEPCs Roles and Responsibilities. This guidance
is designed to assist LEPCs in defining and/or
clarifying their specific responsibilities as they
relate to Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA). It should be noted
that the federal and state mandates must be carried
out either at the local level or at the regional level.
19 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 45
Connecticut Fire Academy
State Emergency Response Commission
(SERC)
• Acts as liaison between local and state levels of
authority
• Fire and police service, elected officials
• Collects and disseminates information relating to
hazardous materials emergencies
Other Agencies
State Emergency Response Commission (SERC)
Acts as liaison between local and state levels of
authority
Fire and police service, elected officials
Collects and disseminates information relating to
hazardous materials emergencies
The Connecticut State Emergency Response
Commission (SERC) was established by
Connecticut Law (CGS, Section 22a-600) and is
tasked with the implementation of the federal
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to
Know Act (EPCRA) in Connecticut. The
Commission oversees 5 Regional Districts (62
Cities/Towns) and 107 Local Emergency Planning
Committees and supports community, industry,
government and academia in planning,
release and incident reporting, data management
guidance for inventory reporting, public
disclosure of information about hazardous
chemicals in Connecticut as well as development
of training and outreach programs through federal
grant opportunities. Further, the Commission
serves as a state clearinghouse for hazardous
chemical emergency preparedness and planning
activities and information through coordination
with federal, tribal nations, state, local
governments, industry and community interest
groups.
The Commission conducts bi-monthly
meetings. Currently, SERC membership is
comprised of 18 appointed individuals who
represent the interest of state and local
government, emergency services and public
protection, public health, industry, energy and
environment, labor, and the public.
Slide 46
Connecticut Fire Academy
It is intended to provide workers
and emergency personnel with
procedures for handling or
working with that substance in
a safe manner, and includes
information such as physical
data (melting point, boiling
point, flash point, etc.), toxicity,
health effects, first aid,
reactivity, storage, disposal,
protective equipment, and spill-
handling procedures
Safety Data Sheets (S.D.S.)
It is intended to provide workers and
emergency personnel with procedures for
handling or working with that substance in
a safe manner, and includes information
such as physical data (melting point,
boiling point, flash point, etc.), toxicity,
health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage,
disposal, protective equipment, and spill-
handling procedures
20 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 47
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Important resource for responders
• Detailed profile of chemical/mixture
• Provided by manufacturer/supplier
• Describes physical and chemical properties
• Gives toxicology data
Safety Data Sheets (S.D.S.)
Safety Data Sheet
Important resource to responders
Detailed profile of chemical/mixture
Provided by manufacturer/supplier
Describes physical and chemical properties
Gives toxicology data
Slide 48
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Requires a different mindset
• Generally takes more time
• Bear in mind role of law enforcement,
presence of on-scene evidence
• Begins with training before incident
Response to Haz Mat Emergencies
Fire fighters should not approach a
hazardous materials / WMD incident
with same mindset used in structural
firefighting.
Usually, and certainly when lives are not at
stake, the response to a hazardous
materials / WMD emergency takes more
time than it would take to fight a
structure fire or serve a search warrant.
If rescue is required, or the situation is
imminently dangerous, events may move
quickly.
Law enforcement officers should be
mindful of the hazardous materials
implications of some actions, such as
responding to clandestine drug laboratory
incidents.
Actions at incidents largely dictated by
Chemicals or hazards involved
Environmental influences, such as wind,
rain, and temperature
The way the chemicals behave during the
release
Responders must be aware of the law
enforcement aspect of the incident.
Evidentiary issues
Response actually begins with Initial
training
Continuing education
Preplanning activities
21 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 49
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Focus on Target Hazards in community
• Discuss / Share information with L.E.P.C.
• Determine cohesive emergency response plan,
before a large-scale incident occurs
Pre-Planning
Conduct pre-incident
planning activities at target
hazards throughout the
jurisdiction.
Preplanning activities take place at target
hazards within the jurisdiction or
response district.
Discuss / share information with LEPC
Preplanning gives fire departments, police
agencies, public health offices, and
other governmental agencies the
opportunity to learn to respond and
work together in case of a large-scale
emergency.
Slide 50
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Hazardous materials pose risk to health,
safety, or environment
• OSHA and EPA: Issue and enforce hazardous
materials regulations
• NFPA: Issue consensus-based hazardous
materials / WMD standards and Practices
• Response actions are dictated by behavior of
chemical released
Summary
Slide 51
Connecticut Fire Academy
• NFPA 472 and 473: Relate to hazardous
materials / WMD incident response
• OSHA HAZWOPER: CFR 29 1910.120
• EPA: CFR 40
– Environmental
• DOT: CFR 49
– Transportation / Placards / Labels
Summary
22 of 22 Revision: 073114
Session HM 1.1.1
Chapter 1
HAZMAT: Overview
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 52
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Awareness Level personnel
– Recognize hazard, isolate area, call for assistance
• Operations Level personnel
– Core competencies: Defensive Actions
– Mission-Specific1) P.P.E.
2) & 3) Decontamination (Mass and Technical)
4) Evidence Sampling and Preservation
5) Product Control
6) Air Monitoring
7) Victim Rescue and Recovery
8) Illicit Laboratories (Drug and WMD)
9) Improvised Explosive Devices (IED)
Summary
Slide 53
Connecticut Fire Academy
• Hazardous Material Technician
– Mitigate Emergency
• Hazardous Material Specialist
– Specialized Training in specific area
• Incident Commander
– Responsible for all Incident Activities
Summary
Slide 54
Connecticut Fire Academy
NEVER FORGET