HBED chelates

Fe HBED

Zn HBED

Fe HBED and Zn HBED chelates for calcareous and very high pH soil

The most e�ective chelates for fertigation, soil application and soilless cultures

The most stable and strong Fe and Zn chelates

Safe for the environment, plants and humans

Table 1. Selected physical properties of HBED chelates

product concentration solubilityg/l at 20oC

pH of 1%water solution

conductivity of 1%water solution bulk density

Fe HBED 9% Fe (m/m) 34 8.0-9.5 500 µS/cm 0.8-0.9 g/cm3

Zn HBED 9% Zn (m/m) 500 7.2-9.2 490 µS/cm 0,8-0,9 g/cm3

Fe and Zn HBED are characterized by:- high concentration of iron and zinc (both 9,0%) fully available to plants - high stability in calcareous soils up to pH 12- the highest stability constans K=10-39

comparable to hemoglobin and much higher than for o,o EDDHA (K= 10-34)- the highest and selectivity to trivalent Fe ions

- low to Cu. Therefore there is no replacement of Fe by Cu and low risk of Cu toxicity on areas with high Cu concentrations in soil- no isomers are present. Therefore, there is no need to use complicated and sophisticated methods to check concentration of Fe content of o,o isomers in the molecule

PACKINGS: 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg, 5 kg, 15 kg, 25 kg

IntroductionIron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) chelates with new chelating agent HBED are one of the most e�ective sources of plant available iron and zinc recommended for fertigation, soil application and soilless cultures. Also one of the most important facts distinguishing HBED from other commonly used chelating agents is its medi-cal application in di�erent kinds of iron disorders in living organisms and human beings (hemolytic anea-mias, iron overloads, iron poisonings and even malaria).

Fe HBED is the strongest chelate ever

Table 2. Log Stability Formation Constantsa of Trivalent Iron ion with chelating agents.

quotient o,o-EDDHAb

rac-EDDHAb

meso-EDDHAb HBEDc

[FeL–]/[Fe3+]·[L4–] 35,09 (±0,28) 35,86 34,15 39,01

[FeHL]/[ Fe3+]·[L4–]·[H+] 36,8 (±0,21) 36,08 36,56 40,52

[FeOHL2–]/[ Fe3+]·[L4–]·[OH–] 23,66 (±0,27) 13,12 22,81 —

a µ = 0,1 M (NaCl), t = 25°C; b Yunta et al. (2003); c R. Ma et al. (1994)

Figure 1. Comparison of pFe from HBED with chelating agents. Initial concentration Fe(III):100µM in Hoagland nutrient solution.

0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8 pFe - 3pH

5pH

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

EDTA HBED Fe soil EDDHA Fe(OH)3 amorf o.p EDDHA

The stability and strength of the complex Fe-HBED has been recognized to be the highest among Fe chelates commonly used in agriculture. The value of stability constants is almost as high as for hemo-globin and significantly higher compared to o,o EDDHA as shown in Table 2. This results in extraordinary stability of Fe HBED in extremely high pH conditions (Fig. 1 and 2). Also, low a�nity to copper of HBED reduces the risk of Fe replacement by Cu in a very wide range of pH (Fig. 3).

Figure 2. Percentage of chelated Fe(III) in presence of chelates of concentartion 10-4 M. Amorphous Fe(OH)3 included.

Figure 3. Percentage of chelated Fe(III) in presence of chelates of concentartion 10-4 M with unlimited Cu available.

100

80

60

40

20

0

100

80

60

40

20

06 8 10 12 6 8 10 12pH pH

[FeL]/[LT] (%) [FeL]/[LT] (%)

EDTA

EDDHA

o.p EDDHA

HBED

EDTA

EDDHA

o.p EDDHA

HBED

Photo 1. The beginning of irondeficiency on citrus trees.

Photo 2. Strong iron deficiency in apple orchard.

Photo 3. Strawberry plants are sensitive to iron

Figure 4. Percentage of Fe HBED chelate remaining in solution after interaction with soils for three days.

Figure 5. of Fe chelate treatment on soybean (Glycine max. L) seedling dry weight (g/plant).

Figure 6. SPAD index for the treated trees in the non fruit bearing nectarine branches.

It is well known that availability of Fe to plants depends mostly on soil/water pH. When soil or nutrient solution are alkaline, Fe supply to plants could be realized by application of Fe in the form of a strong and stable chelate.

of Fe HBED has been tested against standard o,o EDDHA for several crops grown in high pH conditions.Fe HBED application to soils and media resulted in high relative concentration of Fe remaining in the solution compared to the standard o,o Fe EDDH (Fig. 4)Although soil application of Fe HBED gives chlorophyll concentration in plant at the high level compared to the standard o,o Fe EDDHA (Fig. 6) it could significantly increase biomass production, as shown for soybean seedlings (Fig. 5)

100

80

60

40

20

0Peat Ferrhydrite CaCO3 calcareous

soilsandy clay

loamsandyloam

(%)

EDDHA HBED3,5

3,0

2,5

2,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

0no Fe

applied1,7 3,4 8,4 16,8

plant DW (g/plant)

EDDHA HBED

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

31

3020 40 60 80 100

days after tratment

SPAD Index

Control EDDHA 0,90 HBED 0,45 HBED 0,90

µMFe/kgof soil

µMFe/kgof soil

A novel zinc chelate Zn HBEDIn many areas, zinc deficiency is a serious problem not only for crop production but also human nutrition. One of the solutions to the problem is the application of zinc containing fertilizers, while it is crucial that their e�cacy is not limited by unfavourable soil conditions, characterised by, among others, high pH. Zn HBED represents an e�ective and innovative Zn chelate to improve Zn concentration in plants and contributes to better growth under Zn deficient soil conditions at high pH and high concentration of CaCO3.

The e�cacy of Zn HBED was tested on soybean plants grown on Zn-deficient calcareous soils against zinc sulphate. The application of Zn HBED resulted in quicker elimination of zinc deficiency symptoms and much higher Zn concentration in leaves as shown in Table 3.

Zn application dry matter yield leaf Zn concentrationyoung leaves old leaves(mg kg-1 soil)

0.12510

0.12510

1.54 ± 0.094.47 ± 0.075.32 ± 0.834.71 ± 0.48

11 ± 019 ± 135 ± 353 ± 3

10 ± 115 ± 121 ± 232 ± 1

5 ± 18 ± 1

27 ± 263 ± 8

5 ± 06 ± 19 ± 218 ± 1

1.59 ± 0.073.85 ± 0.085.28 ± 0.554.86 ± 0.86

(mg kg-1) (mg kg-1)(g plant-1)

Zn HBED

ZnSO4

Zn form applied

Table 3. E�ect of Zn HBED application on dry matter yield and leaf Zn concentration in soybean plants.

PACKINGS: 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg, 5 kg, 15 kg, 25 kg

Leaves of soyabean plants grown with Zn supply in the form of Zn HBED and ZnSO4.

The e�cacy of Zn HBED has also been tested against zinc sulphate on wheat plants grown in Zn-deficient calcareous soils. The results show that the application of Zn HBED leads to increased concentration of zinc in leaves as shown in Table 4.

Photo 1. Adequate Zn with Zn-HBED Photo 2. Low Zn with ZnSO4

Zn form applied Zn application(mg Zn kg-1 soil) Zn leaf concentration

Zn HBED

0.52510

17+/- 234+/- 858+/- 569+/- 14

Zn SO4

0.52510

17+/- 123+/- 230+/- 347+/- 5

Table 4. E�ect of Zn HBED application on leaf Zn concentration in wheat plants.

MICROELEMENT FERTILIZERSSTANDARDEDTA CHELATES Fe EDTA Mn EDTA Zn EDTA Cu EDTA

EDTA compounds and blends

Mg EDTA Ca EDTA

BIODEGRADABLEIDHA CHELATES Fe IDHA Mn IDHA Zn IDHA Cu IDHA

IDHA compounds and blends

Mg IDHA Ca IDHA

DTPACHELATES Fe DTPA 7% Fe DTPA 11%Fe DTPA 6%(liquid)

HBEDCHELATES Fe HBED Zn HBED

OTHERMICROELEMENT FERTILIZERS ADOB® Mn ADOB® Zn ADOB® Mo ADOB® B ADOB® Cu ADOB® Fe

STRAIGHT SOLUBLE GRADE FERTILIZERSCALCIUM NITRATE AND DERIVATIVES Calcium nitrate Calmag Calmag Cu Calmag Fe Calmag Zn Calcizinc Calciplus Calcibor

MAGNESIUM NITRATE AND DERIVATIVES Magnesium nitrate Magboron Magzinc Magplus Magnesium sulphate

MULTICOMPONENT MACROELEMENT FERTILIZERS WITH MICROELEMENTSLIQUIDFOLIAR APPLIED Azosol® 36 Extra Azosol® 34 Azosol® 12-4-6 Azosol® 6-12-6 Azosol® 12-4-6+3%S

LIQUIDFOR ROW PLACEMENT ADOB® SB-2 ADOB® MA ADOB® PO ADOB® OR

CRISTALLINEWATER SOLUBLE NPKsWITH MICROFOR FOLIAR APPLICATIONAND FERTIGATION ADOB® ProFit 18+18+18+micro ADOB® ProFit 4+12+38+micro ADOB® ProFit 10+40+8+micro ADOB® ProFit 25+8+8+micro