Doha Metro & Lusail LRTHCOM Deploy Cobham idDAS Quad Band Digital DAS

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Cobham Wireless at a Glance

We operate globally in the provision of advanced wireless coverage and capacity delivery systems, producing innovative, cost-effective and robust solutions that address market requirements for:

Improved Connectivity

Greater Capacity

Better User Experience

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Our Areas of Expertise

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Cellular Coverage

Pioneered Distributed Antenna System solutions for over 45 years, selling to over 100 countries

Public Safety Coverage

Involved in building most of the world’s major public safety networks

Empowering smart cities and next generation wireless connectivity

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Comprehensive Product Portfolio

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Distributed Antenna Systems

Our extensive wireless coverage solutions portfolio enables us to provide comprehensive and flexible wireless coverage within a variety of environments, delivering high-quality coverage and capacity to users.

We provide the most complete portfolio offering multi-technology multi-band, multi-operator solutions for both public safety and cellular coverage on the same system.• Digital DAS Systems• Fibre DAS Systems• Off-air Repeaters• Digital OnBoard Repeaters• Passive Products and Systems• Remote Network Monitoring

Our flagship productidDAS is an intelligent digital distributed antenna system that provides an adaptable, customizable and scalable coverage solution for multiple operators and services over a common infrastructure.

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Delivering Solutions…not just ProductsA wireless coverage solution for all environments

Commercial BuildingsOffice buildings

Shopping centresAirports

TransportationRailwaysMetrosTunnels

HealthcareHospitals

Emergency response sitesMedical training venues

HospitalityHotels

Conference centresExhibition Halls

OutdoorTourist sitesCity centresRural areas

CampusStadiums

UniversitiesSchools

Cellular Public Safety

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idDAS

Intelligent Digital DAS

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Key benefits

• BTS installed in a Low Maintenance Data Centre• DWDM FO techniques to reduce fibre rental• The BTS can be up to 60km from the Remotes• The BTS are in easily accessible Data Centres and the

Remotes in difficult to access Tunnels– Less access and training headaches!

• Adding capacity is easy•Multiple Architectures:

– Star Network– Cascaded Single Fibre Architecture– Single Master Loop Configuration– Dual Master Loop Design

Base Station Hotel – Multiple Architectures

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Key benefits

•Software-controlled dynamic capacity management = reduces number of base stations = save $$$$

–“Rightsize” capacity for infrastructure or specific location(s). Switch capacity to where it is needed

–No need to cater for worst-case for all locations

–Can be done manually by operator from network management centre, or based on a pre-defined time schedule

– In future, could be automated within operator’s radio resource management system

Dynamic Capacity Management

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Key benefits

•Digital processing and CPRI transport system = lower noise, higher throughput and performance

–Noise management system with “uplink squelch”

–Higher dynamic range DAS = improved S/N

–Ability to differentiate between services. No cross service interference

–Robust low-noise, high signal quality architecture = improve base station utilization and throughput = enhanced user experience = lower cost $ and lower subscriber churn

Higher system performance

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Key benefits

• Embedded 1Gb/s IP backhaul for WiFi offload, small cells, IP CCTV etc = ONE common cabling system = lower cost deployment

• Integrates both localised and centralised small cells to share capacity resources = flexible, scalable, lower cost architecture

• Inherent and simple MIMO capability (same fibre backbone) = lower cost, simple deployment

Additional Backhaul

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Network architectureTop Level View

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Key benefitsCable Agnostic

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• Single Mode (SM)

Fibre   

•  Multi Mode (MM) Fibre

• Fibre Interface

• Copper Interface

• Cat5/6 Cable

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Typical ConfigurationsStar Network

• Fibre Interface

• Copper Interface

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Typical ConfigurationsBTS Hotel

• Fibre Interface

• Copper Interface

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Typical Configurations1 Master Cascaded

• Fibre Interface

• Copper Interface

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Typical Configurations2 Masters Cascaded

• Fibre Interface

• Copper Interface

Doha Metro & Lusail LRT

idDAS Quad Band Digital DAS

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTH COM Services and Contracting

• Copper Interface

Brief company statistics- H COM is a systems integrator based in Doha, Qatar. - Company has around 150 employees- Delivers Public Safety systems supporting TETRA, P25 and LTE- Strong RF design capability, several members of team iBwave certified- Design and system engineering team around 30 persons- Implementation teams around 100 persons

Major projects with Cobham- Doha Metro – covered in this presentation- Lusail LRT

H COM Services and Contracting- Office 602 6th Floor, Al Bustan Building, Al Defaaf Road, Doha, Qatar - Phone: +974 4411 5228- Email: info@hcom.qa

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro

• Copper Interface

Metro statistics- 37 Stations- 4 depots and stabling yards- about 135 km of tunnel bore- Trains consist of 3 (short train) and 6 (long train) carriages - First section entered passenger service in May 2019- Network will expand in the near future

Image (Genesis Roman)

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro - Lines

• Copper Interface

There are three lines, Red, Green and Gold.Currently only a section of the Red line is open for passenger service. Image (CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikipedia

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Project challenges

• Copper Interface

There were significant project challenges in the Doha Metro project.- System had to support TETRA, P25 and two LTE bands- LTE throughput requirements from a single terminal (Ue) extremely high- Very high levels of resilience and redundancy required- Less than two years from contract award to start of passenger service- Mandated security for sensitive equipment- Limited daily access for maintenance activities- System designed for a 20 year operational life

Image (Genesis Roman)

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Implementation challenges

• Copper Interface

There were implementation challenges[1] in the Doha Metro project.- Wireless requirements not included in initial station architectural designs- Everyone trying to work in stations and tunnels at the same time- Interference to installations from other contractors- Frequent changes in site design during construction- Allocation of space to install equipment and cables- Ceiling closures

In other words – “A normal project!”

Image (Andy Fletcher)

[1] AKA - problems

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Design decisions

At the start of the project several design decisions were made- All BTS and other ‘sensitive’ equipment installed in two locations (BTS Hotels)- Only quad band, fibre fed remote units installed in other locations- All remote units to provide overlapping coverage- All remote units can switch between BTS hotels- Digital (CPRI) DAS to be implemented with remote units up to 40km away- Only two variants of remote unit, medium and high power - No active equipment on trains- LTE sectorisation based on noise figure rather than capacity- SISO design,with LTE TX/RX diversity to reduce noise figure- Cobham selected to provide the active DAS components

Image (H COM)

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There are two BTS hotels with identical equipment configurations. Each BTS hotel contains the following equipment.- 5 TETRA BTS and TETRA switch- 4 P25 BTS- 78 LTE ports (each band)- 8 racks of Cobham DAS equipment- 4 Racks of RF attenuators- Supporting equipment- Over 400 RF cables- Lots of fibre

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – BTS Hotels

Each BTS hotel normally supports half the remote units.

If there is a fault then the affected remote units will switch to the other BTS hotel to maintain service.

Image (Eric Malabanan)

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Station installations have the following characteristics- Remote units installed in at least two telecom rooms - Diverse fibre routes- Remote units in different rooms cross-coupled for redundancy- Sectorisation planned to minimise issues resulting from BTS hotel failover

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Station design

Image (Genesis Roman)

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Station remote unit connections are designed to ensure continuing service should cross-coupled units switch to different LTE sectors. If one remote unit fails then a second will provide a lower throughput in the affected area. The diagram below shows a pair or remote units in this configuration.

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Station design - 2

Image (H COM)

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Remote units are installed in tunnel cross-passageways or intervening stations to provide coverage in the tunnels. Each tunnel bore contains a 1 5/8” radiating cable down the entire length approximately at train carriage window height. Each radiating cable section is fed from both ends with an attenuator in the centre to minimise signal cancellation.LTE handovers are performed using back to back remote units feeding in different directions, radiating feeders are arranged to create a defined handover region.

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Tunnel design

Image (H COM)

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The Doha Metro DAS has the following dimensions:- Two BTS hotels- 508 Remote units (2/3 High power)- 118 fibre strings- Over 11,000 antennas- 140 km 1 5/8” radiating feeder- 500 km RF feeders- 300 km fibre

The entire system, including BTS equipment consumes about 300 kw 24/7/365 or about 2.5GWh/year..

Doha Metro, Phase 2 is expected to double the size of the DAS, along with the construction of more BTS hotels.

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – DAS Statistics

BTS Hotel 1

BTS Hotel 2x118

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The DAS RF design is based on the following- LTE Band 7, maximum path loss between remote unit and Ue is 100dB[1]

- Antennas optimised for LTE 2600 gain.- RF power levels for other bands are reduced to maintain consistent cell radius- Uplink signals for TETRA and P25 are strong, avoid overload of remote units- Maximum PIM level -140dBc- Balance remote units across sectors to minimise 10log10(N) noise- Rail carriage penetration losses were only confirmed late in the project- LTE 2600 performance requirement is the most difficult to achieve.

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Radio planning

[1] This is a consequence of the uplink performance requirement

Image (Genesis Roman)

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The Doha Metro system has a very high level of resilience- Two completely independent BTS hotels about 40km apart. Either can support all the remote units- If a remote unit detects loss of RF on one band it will switch to the preassigned BTS on the second BTS hotel for that RF module.- If a remote unit detects failure of a BTS hotel/fibre it will switch to the second BTS hotel- All radiating feeders are fed from two remote units- Station coverage in all areas is from two remote units.- Fibre from the two BTS hotels is routed differently to avoid single point of failure.

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – Resilience

Image (Genesis Roman)

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The DAS is working with the RF performance almost exactly as predicted.

Thanks to:Cobham for the DAS active equipmentAround 150 people in H COM working very long hoursMany hundreds of DAS installation subcontractor staffAlso Qatar Rail and the public safety network operatorsOther suppliers

Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – It works

Image (Ericson Malabanan)

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Doha Metro & Lusail LRTDoha Metro – End

Image (Andy Fletcher)

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