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Young Worker Awareness

What's Safe? What isn't?

A perfectly safe and healthy workplace would have no hazards.

Hazard: any situation, condition or thing that may be dangerous to the safety or health of workers.

Unfortunately, many workplace hazards are so familiar that we ignore them and put ourselves, and sometimes others, at risk.

DID you know that most injuries among new workers happen within

the first year of work?

Young workers are at the greatest risk of getting injured during their first six months on the job.

Young men are more likely to be injured on the job than any other group of workers.

DID you know that most injuries among new workers happen within

the first year of work? Most injuries take place in the

service industry - to students and other young people working as waiters, cooks and store clerks

Do you know anyone that has been injured on the job?

What types of injuries can occur in the workplace?– Sprains and strains– Cuts– Broken bones– Loss of limbs– Crushing injuries– Internal organ damage– Eye injuries

What are some of the consequences of a workplace

injury. Short- and long-term disability Disfigurement Dismemberment Death

Lost Youth

This video features the true stories of four injured young workers whose lives have been permanently changed by their workplace accidents. While the accident scenes are re-creations and not real, the young people, their parents, and their stories are real.

Warning: The video contains coarselanguage and graphic scenes.

Lost Youth

Click on black square to start video

Student Activity 1

Lost Youth QuizComplete Activity 1 before viewing the next few slides.

Lost Youth Video Quiz

1. Young workers have the same risk of injury on the job as other workers do.

❒ True ❒ False

False Young people between 15 and 24 years are particularly vulnerable to work-related injuries. They’re eager to please and have much to offer, but they typically lack the experience to judge what’s safe and what’s not.


2. Only jobs in industries such as construction and forestry are dangerous for young workers.

❒ True ❒ False

False When people think about the risk of workplace injury, they assume it is pretty much limited to jobs in construction and manufacturing, and it’s true—these industries can be hazardous. However, most youth work in restaurants, supermarkets, and retail stores. are often shocked to hear that these are the sectors with the highest rate of injury to young workers.


3. Injuries to young workers are often major ones.❒ True ❒ False

True Injuries to young workers do include minor strains, cuts, and bruises that heal quickly. But young workers also suffer from severe injuries—fractures and dislocations, for example—that result in short-term disability. Worst of all, young workers can and do suffer from very serious injuries such as amputations, broken backs, and third-degree burns. These injuries can mean permanent impairment, disfigurement, and disability

Lost Youth Video Quiz4. Young workers don’t have any health and safety

rights on the job—they can get fired for speaking up.

❒ True ❒ False

False All workers in Alberta are protected by the Workers Compensation Act . This legislation says employers must provide all employees with a safe workplace, adequate training and supervision, and properly maintained and functioning safety equipment. Workers also have the right to refuse work if they believe the task or conditions are unsafe. The Act also protects them from disciplinary action for reporting a safety or other work-related problem. Concerns can be reported anonymously to the WCB

Lost Youth Video Quiz5. Only the WCB can guarantee workplace

safety for young workers.❒ True ❒ False

False Keeping young workers safe is a shared responsibility. Employers, unions, co-workers, parents, educators, youth, the community, and the WCB all have a part to play.

Lost Youth Summary More than 50 percent of work-related

accidents happen during a young worker’s first six months on the job.

Males under 25 are much more likely to be injured on the job than any other workers.

Each day in Alberta., 34 young workers are hurt on the job, or one every 42 minutes.

Every week, five of these young workers are permanently disabled in workplace accidents.

Activity 2

Youth and Workplace InjuryComplete Activity 2 and

submit to teacher .

Hazards in the Workplace

Safety RAP


Hazards in the Workplace

It is important to know what hazards are, and to know what your rights and duties are when you meet them.

Some hazards can cause an immediate injury.

Hazards in the Workplace For instance, you could slip and fall

on a wet or greasy floor, or be burned by a hot grill.

You could get splashed by a chemical, such as sulfuric acid or ammonia, and get a burn.

A fire or an explosion can cause serious injury or death.

Hazards in the Workplace Burns, cuts, muscle strains and broken

bones are acute injuries you can feel as soon as the accident happens.

Some hazards can cause you to become sick or injured over a period of time.

For instance, if you work with certain hazardous chemicals, the damage that happens in your body may not be noticed right away.

How do you find a hazard? Ask yourself what if questions... What if I bump into the open containers

of hot oil? What if the forklift tips over on my co-

worker in a fast turn? What if I inhale the toxic fumes from the

toilet cleaning chemicals? Learn to spot a hazard - before an

incident happens - is the first step to staying safe.

How do you find a hazard?

Every job will have slightly different hazards.

Wherever you work, there are 4 main types of hazards and some examples:

Physical hazards– Using the same tool all day long – Being crushed by equipment – Tripping or falling


Biological hazards– Bee stings – Allergic reaction to plants,

insects or mold – Being in contact with materials

where viruses or bacteria are present


Chemical hazards– Using cleaning products

regularly – Using paint materials regularly – Using toxic chemicals


Psychosocial Hazards– Intimidation, verbal abuse – Working hours – Rotating shift work


Ergonomic hazards– Repetitive motions– Overexertion– Awkward Postures

Activity 3

Hazard RecognitionUse the Activity 3 Sheet to complete the next section.

Evaluate any three workplaces illustrated.

Complete Activity and submit to teacher .

Controlling a Hazard

Three key steps that can be used to control a hazard:– Recognition

– Evaluation

– Control

Controlling a HazardSee it. Questions to ask: What is unsafe? How many unsafe

acts or conditions are there? What are the hazards?

Think it. Questions to ask: Why is it a hazardous situation?

What could happen? What is creating the hazard? What injuries could occur?

Do it. Questions to ask: What could be done to prevent an

accident from happening? What could minimize the risk? What could be done to eliminate or minimize the hazard?

Hazard Recognition Scenarios

What unsafe acts or conditions are shown

here?

Why is this a hazardous situation?

What should the worker do to prevent an accident

from happening?



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from happening?

Activity 4

Mark Ignores the RulesComplete the Activity 4 sheet

before continuing.Complete Activity and submit to

teacher .

Mark Ignores the Rules

1. What are possible consequences of Mark’s decision?

Serious injury—finger or fingers could be cut off

Reprimand from his supervisor Delay in completion of Work Experience

assignment Possible removal from Work Experience

program


2. List three ways Mark could have handled Jim’s remark differently?

Tell Jim that he intends to follow the safety rules

Tell Jim that he was trained and instructed to use the safety guard

Not comment on the remark and follow the rules anyway


3. What should Mark have done? Used the safety guard Listened to his supervisor, who

gave him the proper instruction on use of the saw

It Won’t Happen to Me


The Law

Activity 5

Rights and ResponsibilitiesComplete Activity 5 sheet using

the following slides.Complete and hand in to teacher.

Workplace Rights and Responsibilities T-Chart

Worker Rights A safe working environment Proper health and safety information,

instruction, and training Supervision to make sure the job is done safely Well-maintained and functioning personal

protective equipment Right to refuse to do work that may endanger a

worker’s safety or put a worker’s health at risk Right to participate in workplace health and

safety committees and activities


Worker Responsibilities Must pay attention to health and safety training Must follow all health and safety procedures Must ask questions when information is unclear Must always wear personal protective

equipment and keep it in good condition Must use machinery and equipment properly Must familiarize himself or herself with

emergency procedures, location of fire extinguishers, emergency exits, etc.

Must report any perceived hazards on the job Must refuse to do any work that might create

an undue hazard


Employer Rights Can expect workers to pay attention during

health and safety training Can expect workers to remember their training

and follow health and safety principles at all times

Can expect workers to report any perceived hazards in the workplace

Can expect workers to wear their personal protective equipment at all times

Can expect workers to inform them about any physical or mental conditions that may impair their ability to perform their jobs safely


Employer Responsibilities Must provide health and safety training to all

workers for general and specific tasks Must develop a workplace health and safety

policy (e.g., what to do in emergency situations) Must display health and safety information where

all workers can see it Must provide well-maintained and properly

functioning personal protective equipment for all workers

Must alert workers to any hazards in the workplace and provide information on how to minimize

What should I do when I start a new job?


What should I do if I see something unsafe?


Will I get into trouble if I ask questions?


Where can I go for help?


What can I do to make a difference?


WHMIS

WHMIS

WHMIS STANDS for Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System.

WHMIS is a nation-wide system that gives you the facts you need about the materials you handle in the workplace. WHMIS has three components: (1) Labels (2) Worker Education (3) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

WHMIS Classes

WHMIS applies to materials called “controlled products”.

A controlled product is a product that meets the criteria for one or more of the six WHMIS hazard classes.

Each class, except Class D, has a separate “hazard symbol.

Class D has three hazard symbols — one for each of its divisions.

WHMIS Classes

Labels

There are two kinds of WHMIS labels — supplier labels and work site labels

Supplier labels appear on controlled products purchased from Canadian suppliers

Supplier labels provide basic information about how to handle a product safely.

Supplier labels have a distinctive rectangular slash-marked border.

Labels

Supplier labels contain 7 pieces of information: (1) product name;(2) name and address of the supplier (3) symbols for each of the product’s hazard

classes(4) main hazards of the product(5) precautions during handling and use of the

product(6) first aid measures(7) reference to the MSDS for more information

Labels

Labels

Work site labels appear on controlled products that have been transferred from suppliers’ containers to work site containers, or products where the supplier label may be damaged or missing and on controlled products made at the work site

LabelsWork site labels are less detailed than supplier labels and only require three pieces of information:

(1) name of the product;

(2) information on how to use the product safely; and

(3) reference to the MSDS for further information.

Labels

Material Safety Data Sheets

If you need to know more about a product than you can find on the label, go to the product’s MSDS.

These sheets have more detailed information about a product’s properties, its hazards, and how to prevent overexposure.

There is no specific required layout for the WHMIS MSDS, but it must include at least each of the nine categories of information and the required detailed information in each category.



An MSDS is supposed to be sent to an employer with every controlled product the employer buys.

MSDSs must never be more than three years old.

The MSDSs for all controlled products at a work site must be kept in a place where workers have easy access to them.

If you are a worker and don’t know where they’re kept, ask your supervisor.

Worker Education The third component of the system, Worker

Education, helps workers understand WHMIS information so they can work safely with controlled products.

This education explains the WHMIS system and gives workers specific training related to the controlled products they work with at their workplace .

Employers are required to provide worker education for WHMIS.

Worker Education

WHMIS worker education includes training workers to understand:

the information on WHMIS labels and MSDSs, the meaning of that information and its application to their work

identification systems that are used in place of labels at a work site

specific procedures for safe use, handling, storage and disposal of the controlled products that workers handle

Worker Education procedures for dealing with fugitive emissions of

the controlled products workers may encounter procedures for emergencies involving controlled

products.

The information taught in a WHMIS worker education program is important because it helps workers protect their health and safety at work.

Eight types of hazardous materials covered by WHMIS

Class A

compressed

gas

Class B

flammable and

combustible material

Class C

oxidizing material


Class D1

poisonous and

infectious material: materials causing

immediate and serious toxic

effects

Class D2

poisonous and

infectious material: material

causing other toxic effects

Class D3

poisonous and infectiousmaterial:

biohazardousinfectious material


Class E

corrosivematerial

Class F

dangerously

reactive material

Click onsquare to start video

What if I get hurt?In all cases of injury or illness you must: Get first aid treatment right away. Tell your supervisor about any injury. Tell your supervisor about any illness or condition

that you believe happened because of work. Choose your own doctor, and see them on a

regular basis, or as recommended. Fill out and return all WCB forms right away.

You can get the forms you need from your supervisor.

Activity 6 / Quiz

Complete Activity 6 and hand in to teacher.

Quiz

Complete the Online Quiz for WHMIS at Quizstar.

See student sheet for instructions.

Let’s Review

Practice Safety Quiz #1

1. Workers in Alberta have three basic rights when it comes to health and safety. Which of the following is not one of your rights?

A. The right to know about workplace hazards B. The right to shut down an unsafe workplace C. The right to refuse unsafe work

D. The right to participate in health and safety inspections and recommendations

2. The number one cause of injury to young workers is:

A. Slips and falls B. Burns C. Breathing dangerous fumes

3. If you are injured on the job, the first thing you should do is:

A. Go home B. Get first aid treatment C. Fill out a WCB form

4. True or false: Your boss can fire you for refusing to perform unsafe work.

A. True B. False

5. Most on-the-job injuries to young people take place in which industry?

A. Service B. Pulp and paper C. Automobile

6. True or false: People who work in offices don't have to worry about workplace health and safety.

A. True B. False

7. You have to play your part too if you want to work safely. Which of the following are among your responsibilities?

A. Work smart; work safe - don't fool around on the job B. Report unsafe conditions C. Dress for the job - wear any required protective equipment or clothing

D. All of the above

8. True or false: Your boss is required by law to train you if you are exposed or likely to be exposed to a hazardous substance.

A. True B. False

9. True or false: Young workers have faster reflexes, so they are less likely to be hurt on the job.

A. True B. False

10. If you have a question about health and safety at work, you can talk to:

A. Your health and safety representative

B. Your supervisor C. A member of the workplace joint

health and safety committee D. Any of the above

11. What does WHMIS stand for?

WorkplaceHazardousMaterialInformationSystem

12. What does the following WHMIS symbols stand for?

Compressed Gas

Flammable

13. What does the following WHMIS symbols stand for?

Poisonous

Corrosive

Personal Protective Equipment

Proper shop clothing

Clothing worn in the shop should be tight fitting and fire resistant.

Clothing which is frayed, torn, or soiled from petroleum products is a hazard.

Proper shop clothing

A loose piece of clothing, such as a neck tie, is a hazard that could cause serious injury or death.

Coveralls or a uniform type shirt and pants is usually acceptable.

Fitting the Clothing to the Job

Safety Clothing Type of JobShort Sleeves Power tools and

machinesLong Sleeves Oxyacetylene welding

& cuttingLeather Sleeves / Jacket Electric Arc

welding/MIG weldingAprons Grinding & sheet

metalRubber Aprons andGloves

Caustics, chemicals orsolvents

Types of Head Covering The most serious

injuries in the shop often result from injury to the head.

Types of head protection include:– Hard hat– Skull cap– Bump caps

Eye Protection

Loss of sight due to accident can be the most tragic of losses to the senses.

Chances of injury to the eyes is great in the shop environment.

Eye Protection

The danger may involve:

impact from small particles

sharp objects harmful light rays chemical spills

Eye Safety

There is a difference between safety glasses and prescription glasses.

Safety glasses provide better protection from impact than prescription glasses.

Eye Protection

It is important that proper eye protection be worn at all times.

The type of equipment selected must be appropriate to the situation.

Eye and Face Equipment

Goggles Safety glasses Filtered lenses Face Shields Welding helmets Welding goggles Eyewash

equipment

Eye Safety: Welding

Arc welding helmets protect the face, neck and ears from the direct radiant energy and from sparks and splatter.

Gas welding goggles must totally cover the eyes to protect the eyes from sparks, molten metal and glare.

Eye Safety: Welding

Filtered lenses are used for welding.

They help filter out the intense light and ultraviolet rays.

A #10 lens is used for electric welding.

A #5 lens is used for gas welding and cutting.

Face Shields Face shields protect

the face from flying particles, acids and other caustic liquids.

Face shields are used in addition to safety glasses or goggles.

Face shields alone do not provide adequate eye protection.

Selecting the proper protection

Operation Hazard Protection Needed

Gas Welding Sparks, flyingparticles, moltenmetal

Filtered weldinggoggles

ElectricWelding

Sparks, intense rays,molten metal

Welding Helmet

Foundry Heat, glare, splash,sparks

Safety glasses withface shield

Grinding Flying particles andsparks

Safety glasses withface shield

Machining Flying particles Safety glasses orgoggles

General shopwork

Flying particles Safety glasses orgoggles

Eye Care

Despite precautions, foreign material may get in your eye.

Such hazards include dust, battery acid, welding flux and solvents.

An eyewash should be used to flush the substance from the eye.

Eye Care

Keep the eyewash equipment clean.

Follow the directions. Flush for at least 15

minutes. See a doctor as soon

as possible.

Hand and Arm Protection

30% of work injuries happen to the fingers, hands and arms.

Most of these injuries are from cuts, splinters, burns, sprains and broken bones.

Hand and Arm Protection

Most of these injuries can be prevented by following safety precautions.

Wear gloves and barrier lotion as required.

Barrier lotions help to block out some chemicals.

Types of foot and leg coverings

Smashed toes and bruised shins are common shop injuries.

With proper protection many of these injuries can be prevented.

Steel toed shoes should be worn where needed.

Proper Ear Protection

Prolonged exposure to loud noises can cause irreversible damage to the ears.

Plastic ear plugs may be used, but acoustical ear muff provide the best protection.

Lung and Breathing Protection

The air we breathe may be hazardous to our health.

The inhalation of dangerous fumes and fibers can be prevented by proper ventilation.

When dealing with any contaminants wear an appropriate mask or respirator.


Dust Masks Dust masks are effective

against dust and fibers. They are comfortable,

inexpensive and disposable.


Chemical Mask This type of respirator is

designed with a soft rubber cushion to allow it to fit tight around the face.

It contains a chemical cartridge element and a filtering element..

Choose a mask that is designed for the material being filtered.

Common Breathing Hazards & Effects

Source Hazard EffectsEngines CO2 Dizziness,

drowsiness, suddendeath

Paint Toxic Vapors May damage lungs,livers & kidneys

Wood Working Wood Dust Damaging to thesinuses & nasalcavity

Welding Nitrogen Dioxide /Toxic Vapors

Fluid in the lungs,headaches &sudden death

Parts Cleaning Petroleum Solvents Headaches, lung,kidney & liverdamage

Activity 7

Personal Protective Equipment

Complete and hand in Activity 7 sheet

Let’s Review

Practice Quiz #2

Quiz #2

1. Proper shop clothing should be _________ fitting 1. Proper shop clothing should be _________ fitting and __________ ____________.and __________ ____________.

2. When welding always wear a _________ jacket. 2. When welding always wear a _________ jacket.

3. A ________ _______ is the most common type of 3. A ________ _______ is the most common type of head protection worn on the job site.head protection worn on the job site.

4. True or false. Prescription glasses provide adequate 4. True or false. Prescription glasses provide adequate protection in the shop.protection in the shop.

tighttightFireFire

leatherleather

hardhard hathat

ResistantResistant

Quiz #2

5. Welding helmets protect the welder from _________ 5. Welding helmets protect the welder from _________ energy, ________ and _____________.energy, ________ and _____________.

6. A number ____ lens should be worn when gas 6. A number ____ lens should be worn when gas welding and a number _____ lens for electric arc welding and a number _____ lens for electric arc welding. welding.

7. True or false. Face shields were designed as eye 7. True or false. Face shields were designed as eye protection.protection.

radiantradiantsparkssparks

55

splattersplatter

1010

Quiz #2

8. Name five common injuries to the arms and hands.8. Name five common injuries to the arms and hands.

A.A.

B.B.

C.C.

D.D.

E.E.

cutscuts

splinterssplinters

burnsburns

sprainssprains

broken bonesbroken bones

Quiz #2

9. When using spray paint what type of breathing 9. When using spray paint what type of breathing protection should you wear?protection should you wear? Chemical maskChemical mask

Safe Shop Practices

Electrical Safety

Electricity may be supplied as 120 V or 240 V.

Tools and machines are designed to operate on only one specific voltage.

Serious damage and fire can result if you use the incorrect voltage.

Electrical Safety

An ungrounded electric power tool can lead to an electric shock and death if the current is high enough.

An electric power hand tool or stationary machine must be grounded.

Electrical Safety

Never remove the third prong to match a two slotted outlet.

Check the insulation on cords for breaks or cracks.

Never stand on wet ground or floor while using electric tools.

Air Power Safety

Compressed air is used for operating air tools, for spraying and cleaning.

Use a “safety blow” nozzle when cleaning with compressed air.

Air Power Safety

A “safety blow” nozzle reduces the air pressure so it wont be more than 30 psi.

Always check for damaged hoses or connections.

Air Power Safety

Do not turn the hose towards others or your own skin.

The air may have particles that will penetrate the skin.

Never use compressed air to clean metal fragments.

FuelHeat

Oxygen

Fire Safety

Fire can break out anywhere, including where you work.

Each year numerous fires in the workplace cause injury and property loss.

Employees should know ...

The location of two exits closest to their work area.

The location of the nearest fire alarm pull station and how to use it.

Your responsibilities in a fire, which are in the fire safety plan.

If You Discover a Fire

Activate the nearest fire alarm pull station.

Leave the area immediately, closing all doors behind you.

Go to the nearest exit and leave the building.

Close all doors behind you.

The Use of Extinguishers Most workplaces contain

portable fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers can only

put out small, contained fires, such as a fire in a wastebasket.

If you have not been trained in the proper use of portable extinguishers, do not attempt to fight a fire.

Never fight a fire

If the fire is large or spreading.

If your escape route may be blocked by the spread of fire.

If you are not trained in the correct use of the extinguisher or are unsure of the type of fire.

Fire Prevention Tips for a Safer Workplace

No smoking in any shop areas. Check and replace any electrical cords that have

cracked insulation or broken connectors. Avoid octopus wiring. Do not run extension cords across doorways or

under rugs. Avoid plugging more than one extension cord into

an outlet. Use only CSA approved power tools.

Fire Prevention Tips for a Safer Workplace

Leave enough space for the circulation of air around heaters and other equipment such as welders and wood working machines.

Keep all power tools a safe distance from combustible materials.

Always turn off or unplug tools and machines at the end of each day.

Fire Safety Checklist RUBBISH - Dispose of daily; do not

allow unnecessary accumulation. FLAMMABLES - Store safely in proper

containers; no breaks, or spills. HOUSEKEEPING - Keep the work

area neat and clean. WIRING - Report or repair unsafe

conditions.

Fire Safety Checklist MACHINERY - Keep clean and in good

working order. COMBUSTIBLES - Keep well away from

sources of heat (at least 3 feet). VENTILATION - Ventilate waste and

high-fume areas. EXTINGUISHERS - Keep in place the

proper ones and mark them well if out of sight.

Fire Safety Checklist EXITS, PASSAGEWAYS - Keep clear,

unobstructed and unlocked! EVACUATION ALARM - Recognize it! EVACUATION PROCEDURES - Practice

and make sure everyone knows the procedures.

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - Keep at a minimum clearance of at least 3 feet . Do not overload circuits.

Fire SafetyKind ofFire

CarbonDioxide

WaterPump

Multi-purpose DryChemical

OrdinaryDryChemical

Class AWood,Paper, Cloth

Class BFlammableLiquids

Class CElectricalEquipment

Let’s Review

Practice Quiz #3

Quiz #3

1. Never remove the ___________ prong to match a 1. Never remove the ___________ prong to match a two conductor outlet.two conductor outlet.

2. What is an example of a CLASS A fire? 2. What is an example of a CLASS A fire?

3. What is an example of a CLASS B fire? 3. What is an example of a CLASS B fire?

removeremove

Ordinary combustibles such as paper, Ordinary combustibles such as paper, cloth or wood.cloth or wood.

Flammable liquids such as oil and gas.Flammable liquids such as oil and gas.

Quiz #3

4. What is an example of a CLASS C fire? 4. What is an example of a CLASS C fire?

5. What type of fire extinguisher puts out A,B, and C 5. What type of fire extinguisher puts out A,B, and C type fires? type fires?

Electrical firesElectrical fires

Multipurpose Dry ChemicalMultipurpose Dry Chemical

6. What does a “safety nozzle” do? 6. What does a “safety nozzle” do?

Reduces the air pressure to a maximum of 30 psi.Reduces the air pressure to a maximum of 30 psi.

Quiz #3

7. True or false. Compressed air should never be used 7. True or false. Compressed air should never be used to clean benches in a metals shop? to clean benches in a metals shop?

8. What THREE elements do you need to start a fire? 8. What THREE elements do you need to start a fire?

Heat - Fuel - OxygenHeat - Fuel - Oxygen

9. Fire extinguishers should only be used to put out 9. Fire extinguishers should only be used to put out __________ fires. __________ fires. smallsmall

10. Oily rags should be stored in __________ containers.10. Oily rags should be stored in __________ containers.metal metal

References

Young Worker Awareness Program Canada: Safety and Occupational Health Workers’ Compensation Board of British Columbia.

Student WorkSafe planning 10 Workbook. Canada Safety Council Microsoft Clip Gallery Live

Date post:	20-May-2015
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Health & Medicine