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Michelangelo Ed 10 - 2015
HDPE PIPESHIGH PRESSURE ndash BIG DIAMETERS
1 Dredging2 Sinking line (sea ndash ports) for dredging pressure3 Sewage of the treatment plan (sea) Dewatering water (shore)4 Fall pipe for vessels5 Electric dams
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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
DREDGING
1
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2
DREDGING
INTRODUCTION
To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years
are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing
Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension
The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of
power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW
power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power
of 27000 KW in the year 2015
In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements
(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the
sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)
Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements
Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge
pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry
to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar
RAW MATERIAL
The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (
Minimum Required Strength )
MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of
work at 20deg
The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the
conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this
coefficient
Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines
PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm
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3
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS
Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal
Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in
ISO 161-1
PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)
σs
Hoop stress (Nmmq)
SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)
According to this minimum wall thickness is as
follows
It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account
for calculation
MRS Minimum Required Strenght
Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162
and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of
pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe
For wall pipe = cmin = 125
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DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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5
WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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7
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
DREDGING
1
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2
DREDGING
INTRODUCTION
To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years
are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing
Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension
The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of
power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW
power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power
of 27000 KW in the year 2015
In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements
(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the
sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)
Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements
Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge
pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry
to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar
RAW MATERIAL
The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (
Minimum Required Strength )
MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of
work at 20deg
The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the
conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this
coefficient
Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines
PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm
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CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS
Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal
Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in
ISO 161-1
PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)
σs
Hoop stress (Nmmq)
SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)
According to this minimum wall thickness is as
follows
It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account
for calculation
MRS Minimum Required Strenght
Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162
and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of
pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe
For wall pipe = cmin = 125
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DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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7
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
DREDGING
1
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2
DREDGING
INTRODUCTION
To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years
are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing
Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension
The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of
power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW
power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power
of 27000 KW in the year 2015
In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements
(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the
sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)
Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements
Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge
pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry
to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar
RAW MATERIAL
The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (
Minimum Required Strength )
MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of
work at 20deg
The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the
conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this
coefficient
Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines
PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm
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CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS
Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal
Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in
ISO 161-1
PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)
σs
Hoop stress (Nmmq)
SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)
According to this minimum wall thickness is as
follows
It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account
for calculation
MRS Minimum Required Strenght
Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162
and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of
pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe
For wall pipe = cmin = 125
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DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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12
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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13
HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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14
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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2
DREDGING
INTRODUCTION
To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years
are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing
Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension
The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of
power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW
power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power
of 27000 KW in the year 2015
In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements
(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the
sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)
Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements
Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge
pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry
to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar
RAW MATERIAL
The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (
Minimum Required Strength )
MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of
work at 20deg
The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the
conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this
coefficient
Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines
PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm
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3
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS
Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal
Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in
ISO 161-1
PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)
σs
Hoop stress (Nmmq)
SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)
According to this minimum wall thickness is as
follows
It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account
for calculation
MRS Minimum Required Strenght
Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162
and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of
pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe
For wall pipe = cmin = 125
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DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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3
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS
Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal
Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in
ISO 161-1
PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)
σs
Hoop stress (Nmmq)
SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)
According to this minimum wall thickness is as
follows
It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account
for calculation
MRS Minimum Required Strenght
Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162
and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of
pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe
For wall pipe = cmin = 125
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4
DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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5
WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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7
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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4
DREDGING
ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR
DREDGING
Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces
interaction between the transported
material and the pipe wall ensures
high abrasion resistance thus allowing
the pumping of abrasive materials like
sands gravels and mud
In the test case performed in
Darmstadt samples of sands and
gravel (60 concentration) with
thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the
dredged material tested by the US
Army Engineers varied (fine sand
pebbles and coarse sand)
In the presence of linear motion it has
been verified that most abrasion occurs
in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe
through which most of the material
passes With turbulent motion
abrasion occurs in a completely
different way
DREDGINGDREDGING
THERMAL EXTENSION
( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)
Elongation in length due to temperature
variation shall be taken into consideration
while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In
the case that the temperature is increased
elongation will occur in length and
contraction will occur in case of decrease in
temperature
At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation
for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur
∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )
For instance in case of elongation or
contraction dependent to temperature in
length in a line built with PE piping pipe will
move from the turning point instead of the
fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe
normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC
maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to
temperature are calculated as follows
Elongation dependent to temperature
increase
+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm
Calculation dependent to temperature
decrease
-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm
Ls= Fixing distance (mm)
d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE
30 for PP
335 for PVC
If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with
diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp
distance is as follows
Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines
Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)
Steel new 00101
Ductile pipe new 000011
Ductile pipe old 00302
Plastic pipe (general) 00101
HDPE 000701
Concrete pipe new 1020
Ceramic pipe 0110
Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid
20
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials
HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK
α Coefficient
mmmK
018 015 014 012 007 002
DREDGING
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WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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12
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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13
HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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14
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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55
note
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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5
WATER HAMMER
Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following
formula is used theoretically
a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)
V flow speed of the fluid (msec)
ρ fluid density (Kgmc)
In practice Ps value can be negative or
positive
Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on
Negative when turning off the pump or in
presence of a sudden change of
hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction
of flow speed )
Propagation speed of pressure wave is
calculated according to the following
formula
Short term elasticity module shall be used in this
formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)
Short term pressure changes and water
hammer effect does not cause damage in
HDPE pipes Following example table
indicates the rate of increase of new
pressure value which is generated by
short term water hammer under 20degC
temperature for the varius safety factor
according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within
values does not damage the pipe
BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM
FLOW MOTION CHANGE
KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)
can be used to reduce the problem of
water hammer by creating a turbulent
flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a
uniform manner along the entire
circumference of the tube
In this way it reduces the accumulation
of sediment that often causes the
water hammer Also the entire
thickness of the piping is subject to a
uniform abrasion with benefits in terms
of longevity of of the same pipes
When suitably positioned inside the
pipe the KFC motion changer varies
the motion of mixtures from linear into
turbulent motion
Abrasion decrease
Allows the flow to return to a situation
similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the
suspended particles flow inside the
pipes
Increase in pressure along the
discharge line with a consequent
decrease in the consumption of diesel
fuel for the pump
As shown in the graph below the KFC
turbulent motion line is represented as
using less energy than the turbulent
motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at
equivalent upstream loads
Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes
Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short
Term Water Hammer
125 50
16 100
STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm
HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE
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6
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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7
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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12
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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13
HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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14
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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21
The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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22
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
DREDGING
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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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12
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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13
HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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14
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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55
note
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56
note
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7
DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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8
KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES
∆P = Y x Q x DH
Y = specific weigth mixture
Q = capacity in mc to push
DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo
KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction
The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion
When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases
more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct
Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must
dissipate most energy to carry the same scope
The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the
bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the
abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the
Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)
To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC
(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform
manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the
piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes
DREDGING
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WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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21
The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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22
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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9
WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE
Big welding machine TT for Big
diameters HDPE pipes
WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head
The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements
for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the
transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also
defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential
requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be
carried out in order to verify the final quality
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator
The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of
attendance as per Norm UNI 9737
SELF - CERTIFICATION
NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar
The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water
Control of the weld is reposted in the form
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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10
FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES
1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density
2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )
CERTIFICATE
TEST METHOD
Breaking load ISO 527
Yield strength ISO 527
Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032
CERTIFICATE
MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133
1 Substances identification
2 Dangers identification
3 Ingredients information
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash f ighting measures
6 Storage
7 Exposure check of raw materials
8 Ecological information
9 Disposal
3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775
Polyol
4 Safety Form
TEST METHOD
Density ISO 845 Kgdm3
1 Substances identification
2 Ingredient
3 Dangers identificat ion
4 First aid intervention
5 Fire ndash fighting measures
6 Handling ndash storage
7 Exposure check
8 Physical and chemical properties
9 Ecological information
10 Disposal
Polyurethane injection
Floating stock
DREDGING
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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11
PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE
Float blocked
Dime blocking float
Collars HDPE - electrofusion
Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion
Float blocked
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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12
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES
FOR DREGDING APPLICATION
KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure
up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore
lines
Photo from prodution
Container flat rack
DREDGING
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HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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21
The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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13
HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE
BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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14
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable
HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427
Advantages of Polyethylene Piping
They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD
Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350
They are not affected from underground movements they do not break
They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance
Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages
while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea
movements
Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays
They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of
soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required
They are resistant to chemical substances
They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health
It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes
Buoyancy in sea water
Almost unlimited lifetime underwater
Weldable by butt fusion
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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15
INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS
METHODOLOGY
Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all
relevant conditions that can occur during installation
A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a
string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory
A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the
space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m
depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)
The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before
the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes
towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind
and waves and the sections should be securely anchored
Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end
Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation
After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm
weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as
soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be
applied a pulling force to avoid buckling
The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking
A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force
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BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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16
BENDING RADIUS
MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES
R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)
E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)
Admissible small bending radius shall not
drop under the value indicated in thebelow table
Bending radius for PE Pipes
Admissible small
bending radius
Pipe
rawmaterial
Installation
temperature
SDR
17
SDR
11
PE80 and
PE100
20degC 30 x da 20 x da
10degC 50 x da 35 x da
0degC 75 x da 50 x da
Breaking possibility constitutes the critical
point in calculation of bending radius for
thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical
point while calculation the diameter for
dending process The following formula is
applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes
983154983149
983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081
Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-
warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes
983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081
983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081
983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156
983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077
Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC
Pipeseries
SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter
20 41 50 d
16 33 40 d
125 26 30 d
8 17 30 d
5 11 20 d
32 74 20 d
SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)
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PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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17
PHOTO GALLERY
Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes
OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters
Installation of concrete blocks
Ancor blocks in cement
Submerging HDPE pipes
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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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18
HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS
FOR
- SELF SINKING SEWAGE
OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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19
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in
HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )
Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in
laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a
diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )
HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE
Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes
Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the
seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these
settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas
upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life
In some projects sewage lines are
required to pass through water in
areas such as river lake sea and
swamps
HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and
permanent durability for such critical
area applications The most ideal
pipe for the delivery of waste waters
which will be discharged to the sea is
HDPE pipe which is not affected by
sea water water movements and
ensuring definite leak-proof
In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to
the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea
HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to
500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections
are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field
floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the
floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and
pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is
closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application
shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a
homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise
fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application
shall be realized in critical project
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INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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20
INSTALLATION
Each time a chain ( sinking section of
pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to
the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its
definitive location
Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area
where the globes placement starts
The globes control the pulling force to the
chain of the sea outfall during the sinking
They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the
jointing of two different chains because the
radius of curvature during the sinking is
much higher thanks to the globes
When the chain is in the right position with
the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the
valve for water entry in one end of the chain
and one for air exit on the opposite side
While the water gets inside the chain the
HDPE line starts sinking
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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21
The pipeline section is sunk up to an
approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and
remains in balance in that depth full of
water and supported by the sinking globes
In this position the provisional blind
flanges can be recovered
Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which
allow the pipeline to successfully sink up
to its definitive depth
The two pipelines come close also thanks
to the globes and the connection of two
chains starts by using pneumatic tools
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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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note
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56
note
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22
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
After the connection of two chains the
emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way
ACCESSORIES
Concrete ballast calculated and designed in
one piece to proceed to its placement and
fixation to the pipeline
Valves of water
entry and air exit
SELF SINKING
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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
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23
INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH
A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation
Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be
subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water
The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights
The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with
the concrete weights provide the weight that
counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy
preferable with a safety factor not less than 20
Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished
when it is submerged in water
Compaction under water is not possible
Is required using gravel of compaction
When in position the pipe is filled with water and
will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now
start
If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked
with buoys
Trenching in soft soil under water may be done
using air or water jets to remove material which is
then sucked up while the trench is flushed
The trench depth depends on pipe diameter
Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be
used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above
it should be restored to its original condition
Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the
changed profile In areas where the seabed is
exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should
be used for protection
To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a
layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and
anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the
concrete
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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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24
WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES
HDPE pipe ID2700mm
Wall section and technical
structure corrugate
Wall section and technical
structure single
Layer profile supported
Wall section and technical
structure double
Layer profile support
Wall section and technical
structure single
Compact layer profile
supported
Wall section and technical
structure triple
Layer profile supported
SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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37
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
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25
SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE
System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion
System Flanged
BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION
Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea
discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project
pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that
pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water
Stability calculation for pipes
Filled pipe calculation formula
Empty pipe calculation formula
Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance
Fv Lifting force (N)
da pipe external diameter (mm)
DN pipe internal diameter (mm)
yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)
LR support interval (m)
LA maximum support dis (mm)
fLA bending factor (080) (-)
Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)
JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3060
28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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31
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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37
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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26
Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water
These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar
Fast coupling system through malefemale joints
- HDPE inside
- Galvanized steel
- HDPE outer
- Norm UNI 11434
ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint
400 25 474
500 30 588
600 35 700
700 40 810
800 45 940
900 48 1045
1000 50 1160
1100 50 1270
1200 50 1400
1300 50 1524
1400 50 1661
1500 50 1773
1640 55 1880
1800 60 2111
2000 70 2344
2200 70 2582
2400 70 2813
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3060
28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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27
Different types of fittings available
For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760
35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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28
The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega
ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer
structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a
polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile
ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass
concrete cast iron or clay available on the market
The presence of the steel has several advantages
- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in
thermoplastic material
- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under
constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in
polyethylene
Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008
Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8
Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12
Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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29
CREEP test
The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect
of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect
The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the
surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary
structured thermoplastic pipe
JUNCTION SYSTEM
Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket
and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681
standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system
(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard
ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and
corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +
ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the
pipe wall
These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product
resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the
deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
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35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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45
BUCKLING TEST
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
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47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
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48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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30
PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light
weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of
installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher
than the polyethylene
ABRASION
The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to
abrasion
As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to
10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface
The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other
pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC
etc)
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660
34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3360
31
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560
33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660
34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760
35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
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41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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32
Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an
excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market
(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)
The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow
rates at very low longitudinal slopes
The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus
avoiding periodical cleaning
TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great
care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety
measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560
33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660
34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760
35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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33
Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid
possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation
Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls
LAYING
European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house
sewers must comply with precise requirements
As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width
should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where
OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660
34
LAYING BED
It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can
damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable
support to the pipeline
The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below
1100 mm in normal soil conditions
150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)
Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and
examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris
Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to
accomplish in an accurate way since they can
affect the duration and the whole performance of the
pipeline
The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness
for every soil layer and the number of steps required
to obtain the different classes of compaction
depending on the type of equipment and the filling
materials
DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760
35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860
36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
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51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760
35
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860
36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860
36
SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS
SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960
37
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060
38
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17
PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380
560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480
630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940
710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800
800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120
900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410
1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750
1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500
1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410
1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530
1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730
2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070
2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240
2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160
39
BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES
PE 100 Pipes
ISO 4427-2
EN 12201-2
SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74
PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
OD
mm
INC
OD
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
Th
mm
Kg
m
500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180
560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700
630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250
710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600
800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020
900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100
1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590
1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750
1400 56 1028 4230
1600 64 1175 5520
1800 72
2000 80
2250 90
2500 100
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260
40
Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone
The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock
dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer
that we would have to use for the production of these pipes
Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS
ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of
the fractures
description Quantity
No
Price EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098
HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201
international standard
OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320
mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26
flanged on only one side with galvanized steel
flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
including
1 Gasket
No
PipesEuropipe
Euro
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360
41
description Quantity
No
Price
EXW
euro
Amount
EXW Euro
983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm
flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092
Color yellow
Lenght
No Eurocone
Euro
Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone
The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (
Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding
- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and
abrasion
- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding
The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic
pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe
Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety
coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )
With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03
To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP
also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe
OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and
compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline
The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high
pressures and shocks resistance to conduct
GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the
yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA
The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the
mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity
or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460
42
Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament
Winding
breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2
breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2
elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2
elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2
breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2
specific weight 19
coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC
resilience 220 Kg cmcm2
electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm
thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)
Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660
44
JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES
To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them
For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same
A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an
angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding
the upper pipe to get out of its position
FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760
45
BUCKLING TEST
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860
HDPE PRESSURE PIPES
LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS
ELECTRIC DAMS
46
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960
47
INTRODUCTION
KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline
Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep
knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE
pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how
to work with the line and project designers
The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the
production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working
pressure up to 25 Bar
The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the
development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25
Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm
These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation
besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket
Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents
micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060
48
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall
PN6 bar SIDR47
SN 20 kNm2
PN8 bar SIDR35
SN 45 kNm2
PN10 bar SDR27
SN 10 kNm2
PN125 bar SDR21
SN 18 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120
1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733
1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503
1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413
1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463
1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653
2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033
2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505
2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012
2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197
2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390
3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607
3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829
3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065
3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319
3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602
4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160
49
PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720
Large diameter pipe that brings
Water to the turbines
PN16 bar SIDR17
SN 36 kNm2
PN20 bar SIDR13
SN 73 kNm2
PN25 bar SDR105
SN 137 kNm2
Nominal
inside Dia
ID(mm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
Wall thick
s(mm)
Weight
(kgm)
800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430
1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820
1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530
1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580
1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690
1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640
2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660
2200 1308 1110 1672 1468
2400 1426 1330 1976 1899
2600 1545 1561
2800 1664 1829
3000 1783 2098
3200 1902 2394
3400
3600
3800
4000
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260
50
RAW MATERIAL
The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made
up from a composite structure
Production of pipes
Joining with electrofusion system
Installation
Besides joining by the electrofusion
method this pipe system can also be
joined by using normal flange connections
This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes
simultaneously and to install the pipes in
very narrow tranches in very short time
This pipes dont break or crak even under
30 deformation
This means that even if the pipes deform
up to 30 the there will be no decrease in
the performance the system
ELECTRIC DAMS
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360
51
TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION
TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION
TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460
52
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
QUICK COUPLING
Type A Bayonet connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Bayonet connection (6 claws)
The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness
The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints
This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal
sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560
53
DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING
Type B Female ring connection
Working pressure 10 bar
Bursting pressure 30 bar
Two shares male flanged
A female ring connecting the two male parts
The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in
wearing and corrosive circumstances
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660
54
Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline
Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline
Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)
QUICK COUPLING
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760
55
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860
56
note
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060
8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060