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HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8/18/2019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hdpe-pipes-michelangelo 1/60 Michelangelo Ed. 10 - 2015 HDPE PIPES HIGH PRESSURE – BIG DIAMETERS 1. Dredging 2. Sinking line (sea – ports) for dredging pressure 3. Sewage of the treatment plan (sea)  Dewatering water (shore) 4. Fall pipe for vessels 5. Electric dams
Transcript
Page 1: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Michelangelo Ed 10 - 2015

HDPE PIPESHIGH PRESSURE ndash BIG DIAMETERS

1 Dredging2 Sinking line (sea ndash ports) for dredging pressure3 Sewage of the treatment plan (sea) Dewatering water (shore)4 Fall pipe for vessels5 Electric dams

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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

DREDGING

1

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2

DREDGING

INTRODUCTION

To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years

are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing

Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension

The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of

power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW

power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power

of 27000 KW in the year 2015

In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements

(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the

sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)

Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements

Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge

pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry

to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar

RAW MATERIAL

The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (

Minimum Required Strength )

MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of

work at 20deg

The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the

conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this

coefficient

Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines

PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm

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3

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS

Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal

Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in

ISO 161-1

PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)

σs

Hoop stress (Nmmq)

SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)

According to this minimum wall thickness is as

follows

It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account

for calculation

MRS Minimum Required Strenght

Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162

and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of

pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe

For wall pipe = cmin = 125

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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5

WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 2: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

DREDGING

1

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2

DREDGING

INTRODUCTION

To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years

are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing

Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension

The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of

power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW

power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power

of 27000 KW in the year 2015

In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements

(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the

sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)

Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements

Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge

pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry

to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar

RAW MATERIAL

The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (

Minimum Required Strength )

MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of

work at 20deg

The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the

conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this

coefficient

Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines

PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm

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3

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS

Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal

Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in

ISO 161-1

PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)

σs

Hoop stress (Nmmq)

SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)

According to this minimum wall thickness is as

follows

It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account

for calculation

MRS Minimum Required Strenght

Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162

and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of

pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe

For wall pipe = cmin = 125

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 3: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PIPEHIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

DREDGING

1

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2

DREDGING

INTRODUCTION

To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years

are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing

Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension

The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of

power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW

power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power

of 27000 KW in the year 2015

In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements

(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the

sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)

Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements

Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge

pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry

to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar

RAW MATERIAL

The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (

Minimum Required Strength )

MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of

work at 20deg

The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the

conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this

coefficient

Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines

PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm

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3

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS

Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal

Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in

ISO 161-1

PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)

σs

Hoop stress (Nmmq)

SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)

According to this minimum wall thickness is as

follows

It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account

for calculation

MRS Minimum Required Strenght

Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162

and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of

pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe

For wall pipe = cmin = 125

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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5

WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 4: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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2

DREDGING

INTRODUCTION

To reduce the cost per cubic meter of dredged material the Ship builders in the last years

are turning their interests in building CSD (Cutter Suction Dredger) and TSHD (Trailing

Suction Hopper Dredgers) of large dimension

The evolution in the 60s saw installed diesel power of 10000 kW to reach 13000 KW of

power in the 70s to then continue in the 80s with 15600 KW of power to 20500 KW

power in the 90s growing to 22400 KW of power in the 2000 to eventually reach a power

of 27000 KW in the year 2015

In the near future dredging work will be characterized by the production requirements

(large volumes at low cost) and by the geographical peculiarity and the climatology in the

sites that has to be dredged ( temperature climate storms waves escape ways etc)

Only the large CSD amp TSHD will be able to meet these types of job requirements

Currently the dredging fleet in the world includes about 40 large CSD-TSHDTo meet the increasing worldwide demand for high pressure and large diameter discharge

pipes KIASMA has developed innovative HDPE piping systems for the dredging industry

to resist to pressures much higher than 10 bar

RAW MATERIAL

The raw material used for the production of polyethylene pipes are classified in MRS (

Minimum Required Strength )

MRS is the strength value of the material against the inner pressure along 50 years of

work at 20deg

The Safety Coefficient is determined according to the class of the raw material and the

conditions of the network Networks and all calculations are made according to this

coefficient

Safety Coefficient is C=125 for potable water distribution lines

PE100 Oslash1200mm PN16 pipe wall thickness 1091mm

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3

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS

Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal

Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in

ISO 161-1

PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)

σs

Hoop stress (Nmmq)

SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)

According to this minimum wall thickness is as

follows

It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account

for calculation

MRS Minimum Required Strenght

Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162

and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of

pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe

For wall pipe = cmin = 125

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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5

WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 5: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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3

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

CALCULATION OF WALL THICKNESS

Calculation of wall thickness required for PE pipe (Nominal

Pressure) is performed using the pipe calculation formula in

ISO 161-1

PN Nominal pressure (bar)1 bar = 01 Nmmqs Wall thickness (mm)

σs

Hoop stress (Nmmq)

SDR Stabdard dimension Ratio SDR= das = 2S+1da Pipe Outer diameter (mm)

According to this minimum wall thickness is as

follows

It is dependent to hoop stress safety coefficientand safety coefficient shall be taken into account

for calculation

MRS Minimum Required Strenght

Safety coefficient safety factor is expressed as total operation coefficient in ISO 12162

and has numerous functions Primarily safety shall be ensured in case of accuracy of

pipe calculations ( measurements ) and increase of nominal pressure inside the pipe

For wall pipe = cmin = 125

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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5

WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 6: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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4

DREDGING

ABRASION HDPE PIPE FOR

DREDGING

Hydrophilic HDPE which Reduces

interaction between the transported

material and the pipe wall ensures

high abrasion resistance thus allowing

the pumping of abrasive materials like

sands gravels and mud

In the test case performed in

Darmstadt samples of sands and

gravel (60 concentration) with

thickness of 20 ndash 84 mm and water (40 concentration) were used the

dredged material tested by the US

Army Engineers varied (fine sand

pebbles and coarse sand)

In the presence of linear motion it has

been verified that most abrasion occurs

in the sliding surface of the HDPE pipe

through which most of the material

passes With turbulent motion

abrasion occurs in a completely

different way

DREDGINGDREDGING

THERMAL EXTENSION

( ELONGATION IN LENGTH DUE TOTEMPERATURE VARIATION)

Elongation in length due to temperature

variation shall be taken into consideration

while laying HDPE (PE80 PE100) pipes In

the case that the temperature is increased

elongation will occur in length and

contraction will occur in case of decrease in

temperature

At 1 m of PE pipe for temperature variation

for each laquoKraquo number (1K=1degC) 018mmelongation or contraction will occur

∆L = α x L x ∆T (∆L =m k mmmK983085983089 )

For instance in case of elongation or

contraction dependent to temperature in

length in a line built with PE piping pipe will

move from the turning point instead of the

fixed point Assume that for a 12 m pipe

normal operating temperature Tv= 20degC

maximum pressure T2=10degC According tothis variations in length dependent to

temperature are calculated as follows

Elongation dependent to temperature

increase

+ ∆L = Lx ∆T1xd= 1245x018=972mm

Calculation dependent to temperature

decrease

-∆L = Lx ∆T2xd= 1210x018=2160mm

Ls= Fixing distance (mm)

d = Pipe outer diameter (mm)k = factor 26 for HDPE

30 for PP

335 for PVC

If it is ∆L=972mm for a PE pipe with

diameter of Oslash63mm factor is 26 and clamp

distance is as follows

Roughness Value for Varius Pipe Lines

Lyne Tipe Roughness k (mm)

Steel new 00101

Ductile pipe new 000011

Ductile pipe old 00302

Plastic pipe (general) 00101

HDPE 000701

Concrete pipe new 1020

Ceramic pipe 0110

Old pipeoperated withaggressive fluid

20

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

Coefficients of Elongation in length for varius Plastic Materials

HDPE PP PVDF PB PVC GFK

α Coefficient

mmmK

018 015 014 012 007 002

DREDGING

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WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 7: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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5

WATER HAMMER

Water hammer occurs when valve or pump is turned onoff For this following

formula is used theoretically

a propagation speed of pressure ware (msec)

V flow speed of the fluid (msec)

ρ fluid density (Kgmc)

In practice Ps value can be negative or

positive

Positive taps can occur when turning off the pump or while turning it on

Negative when turning off the pump or in

presence of a sudden change of

hydraulic property ( ex sudden reduction

of flow speed )

Propagation speed of pressure wave is

calculated according to the following

formula

Short term elasticity module shall be used in this

formula(Er=800_1200Nmm2)

Short term pressure changes and water

hammer effect does not cause damage in

HDPE pipes Following example table

indicates the rate of increase of new

pressure value which is generated by

short term water hammer under 20degC

temperature for the varius safety factor

according to the nominal pressurePressure increase occurring within

values does not damage the pipe

BENEFIT OF ldquoKFCrdquo SYSTEM

FLOW MOTION CHANGE

KFC Flow Motion Change (patent)

can be used to reduce the problem of

water hammer by creating a turbulent

flow sufficient to propel the fluid in a

uniform manner along the entire

circumference of the tube

In this way it reduces the accumulation

of sediment that often causes the

water hammer Also the entire

thickness of the piping is subject to a

uniform abrasion with benefits in terms

of longevity of of the same pipes

When suitably positioned inside the

pipe the KFC motion changer varies

the motion of mixtures from linear into

turbulent motion

Abrasion decrease

Allows the flow to return to a situation

similar to that of pseudo-homogeneousNewtonian fluid motion in which the

suspended particles flow inside the

pipes

Increase in pressure along the

discharge line with a consequent

decrease in the consumption of diesel

fuel for the pump

As shown in the graph below the KFC

turbulent motion line is represented as

using less energy than the turbulent

motion line and permits a greater discharge distance to be reached at

equivalent upstream loads

Safety Factor ndash Water Hammer Relation in PE Pipes

Total Operatin Coefficient C (safety factor) Rate of Pressure Increase to Norminal Pressure Under Effect of Short

Term Water Hammer

125 50

16 100

STEEL PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 09mm

HDPE PIPE = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 07mmHDPE PIPE + SYSTEM KFC = FOR 1 MILLION CM (SOLID) = abrasion 04mm

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

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Page 8: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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6

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

DREDGING

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 9: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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7

DIMENSION OF BIG DIAMETERS - HDPE PIPES FOR DREDGING

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 10: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8

KFC SYSTEM ndash TURBULENT MOTION INSIDE THE BIG PIPES

∆P = Y x Q x DH

Y = specific weigth mixture

Q = capacity in mc to push

DH = Hrsquo ndash Hrsquorsquo

KFC system inside the big HDPE pipesIndicator flow direction

The conveying of the fluids in the discharge networks in pressure takes place in a waypassage defined linear motion

When the fluid is flowing within the network the slope of the line energy decreases

more steeply due to the deposit of the transported material on the bottom of the duct

Consequently the liquid section reduced because of sedimentation and the flow must

dissipate most energy to carry the same scope

The linear motion is characterized by the formation of a bed that causes abrasion on the

bottom of the tube with problems of durability of the network (this fact is proved by the

abrasion test conducted in accordance with EN 295-3 in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the

Faculty of the US Army Eng Waterways Experiment Station (USA)

To reduce this problem it is possible to resort to FLOW CHANGE OF MOTION KFC

(patent) that is able to create a turbulent flow such as to propel the fluid in a uniform

manner along the entire circumference of the tube in this way the whole thickness of the

piping is subject to a uniform abrasion with right benefit in terms of longevity of the pipes

DREDGING

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 11: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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9

WELDING HDPE STUB END ON THE BIG HDPE PIPE

Big welding machine TT for Big

diameters HDPE pipes

WELDING HEAD TO HEAD STUB END PIPEWELDING COLLAR ELECTROFUSION STUB END PIPE

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 105202009 ndash Welding Head To Head

The norm is applied for the welding process done by contact related to thermal elements

for the realization of junctures head-head of pipe andor polyethylene joints needed for the

transportation under pressure of fuel gas water and other fluids The norm also

defines the methods for the welding preparation and execution the essential

requirements of the equipment in use and also the various inspections that have to be

carried out in order to verify the final quality

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 9737 ndash Operator

The welding head to head is executed by an operator in possession of a certificate of

attendance as per Norm UNI 9737

SELF - CERTIFICATION

NORM UNI 10521 ndashElectrofusion Collar

The norm UNI 10521 is related to the welding of plastics done by electrical fusion of pipesand joints needed for the transport under pressure of fuel gas and water

Control of the weld is reposted in the form

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 12: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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10

FLOATS FOR BIG DIAMETERS HDPE PIPES

1 Rotationally Polyethylene R 210 Yellow ndash Linear polyethylene high density

2 Safety Form for R 210 Yellow ( production )

CERTIFICATE

TEST METHOD

Breaking load ISO 527

Yield strength ISO 527

Falling weight ndash 20degC ISO 66032

CERTIFICATE

MFI (190 degC 216 Kg ) UNI 1133

1 Substances identification

2 Dangers identification

3 Ingredients information

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash f ighting measures

6 Storage

7 Exposure check of raw materials

8 Ecological information

9 Disposal

3 Polyurethane CR 761 ndash CR 775

Polyol

4 Safety Form

TEST METHOD

Density ISO 845 Kgdm3

1 Substances identification

2 Ingredient

3 Dangers identificat ion

4 First aid intervention

5 Fire ndash fighting measures

6 Handling ndash storage

7 Exposure check

8 Physical and chemical properties

9 Ecological information

10 Disposal

Polyurethane injection

Floating stock

DREDGING

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

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Page 13: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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11

PLACEMENT AND BLOCKING FLOATS IN BIG HDPE PIPE

Float blocked

Dime blocking float

Collars HDPE - electrofusion

Assembly and welding of collar by electrofusion

Float blocked

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 14: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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12

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETER FOR HIGH PRESSURES

FOR DREGDING APPLICATION

KIASMA for the dredging sector offers a range of discharge pipes in HDPE for pressure

up to 25 Bar ( 360 PSI) with diameters up to OD1200mm (40rsquorsquo) for floating and shore

lines

Photo from prodution

Container flat rack

DREDGING

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 15: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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13

HDPE PIPE HIGH PRESSURE

BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

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Page 16: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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14

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable

HDPE self sinking pipes even for dredging sector

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinate the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 1200 mm (40 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYETHYLENE EN12201 and ISO 4427

Advantages of Polyethylene Piping

They have high flexibility accept bending radius down to 20 x OD

Thus them are reliable during of installation Elongation at break is minimum 350

They are not affected from underground movements they do not break

They have high resistance and crack propagation resistance

Since they have low interior surface roughness they ensure significant advantages

while selecting diameter during project design They are suitable for installation on sea they are not affected from sea water and sea

movements

Black colored pipes are resistant to UV rays

They are not affected from harmful substances which are contained in the structure of

soil that cause abrasive effects Therefore cathode protection is not required

They are resistant to chemical substances

They do not change odor and taste of water therefore fit for health

It is not possible for plant and tree roots to penetrate inside the pipes

Buoyancy in sea water

Almost unlimited lifetime underwater

Weldable by butt fusion

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 17: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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15

INSTALLATION HDPE PIPES IN LONG LENGHTS

METHODOLOGY

Before sinking there has to be worked out a sinking procedure taking into account all

relevant conditions that can occur during installation

A submarine pipeline is built by welding individual 118 m to 354 m lengths of pipe into a

string or section or by continuous extension of long lengths at the factory

A string or section should be as long as possible but its overall length depends on the

space available at the site In general lengths practically possible to handle are 500 m

depending on pipe diameter and the towing conditions (open sea weather conditions)

The pipes should be weighted with concrete weights The weights can be attached before

the pipe is launched into the sea or on a barge if it is delivered in long lengths Pipes

towed to a job site should be stored in a floating position at a location protected from wind

and waves and the sections should be securely anchored

Pipeline systems are sunk in the direction from shore to the outer end

Normally the whole pipe is sunk in one operation

After one section is sunk its sealed flange end rests on the sea bed In a period with calm

weather the pipe is filled with air to lift its end to the surface and the sinking proceeds as

soon as the next section in connected to the flange During connection there must be

applied a pulling force to avoid buckling

The sinking speed shall be checked and recorded during sinking

A tug boat or other vessel should be available to supply the necessary pulling force

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

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Page 18: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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16

BENDING RADIUS

MAXIMUM BENDING RADIUS PE PIPES

R Bending radius (mm) Dm Average pipe diameter (mm)

E Pipe elasticity module (Nmm2) σ Stress (Nmm2)

Admissible small bending radius shall not

drop under the value indicated in thebelow table

Bending radius for PE Pipes

Admissible small

bending radius

Pipe

rawmaterial

Installation

temperature

SDR

17

SDR

11

PE80 and

PE100

20degC 30 x da 20 x da

10degC 50 x da 35 x da

0degC 75 x da 50 x da

Breaking possibility constitutes the critical

point in calculation of bending radius for

thin walled pipes In thick walled pipesstresswarping limit constitutes the critical

point while calculation the diameter for

dending process The following formula is

applied while calculating the admissibleradius of bending for thin walled pipes

983154983149

983098 983105983158983141983154983137983143983141 983152983145983152983141 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983155 983098 983127983137983148983148 983156983144983145983139983147983150983141983155983155 983080983149983149983081

Following formula is applied for calculation (by considering stress-

warping) of the admissible radius of bending for thick walled pipes

983154983137983098 983120983145983152983141 983151983157983156983141983154 983154983137983140983145983157983155 983080983149983149983081

983141 983098 983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983080983077983081

983123983156983154983141983155983155983085983127983137983154983152983145983150983143 983154983137983156983141 983155983144983137983148983148 983150983151983156

983141983160983139983141983141983140 983090983084983093983077

Bending radius for PE Pipes according toSDR 20degC

Pipeseries

SDR Admissible Bending Radius Rs=Pipe Outer Diameter

20 41 50 d

16 33 40 d

125 26 30 d

8 17 30 d

5 11 20 d

32 74 20 d

SELF SINKING (SEA - PORT)

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 19: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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17

PHOTO GALLERY

Sea transport of laquocigarsraquo of HDPE pipes

OD1400mm ndash 3000 meters

Installation of concrete blocks

Ancor blocks in cement

Submerging HDPE pipes

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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note

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56

note

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Page 20: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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18

HDPE PIPE BIG DIAMETERS

FOR

- SELF SINKING SEWAGE

OF TREATMENT PLANT (SEA) - DEWATERING WATER (SHORE) BIG DIAMETERS FOR DREDGING

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 21: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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19

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader in

HDPE discharge shore and floating pipelineThanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

self sinking pipes even for sewage of treatment plant (sea) and dewatering water ( shore )

Kiasma R amp D department knows how to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying and experts in

laying excavation in trenches coordinate the production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a

diameter of ID 2500 - 2700 - 3600 mm (144 )

HDPE PIPES APPLICATION SELF-SINKING - SEWAGE

Sea Discharge application with HDPE pipes

Waste water sewage lines are discharged to the sea in coastal settlements since the

seas are being polluted more every other day and aqueous life being threatened these

settlements shall subject waste to treatment process and they shall be discharged to seas

upon being rendered harmless for the aqueous life

In some projects sewage lines are

required to pass through water in

areas such as river lake sea and

swamps

HDPE pipes are the most economicalsolution with their convenience and

permanent durability for such critical

area applications The most ideal

pipe for the delivery of waste waters

which will be discharged to the sea is

HDPE pipe which is not affected by

sea water water movements and

ensuring definite leak-proof

In sea discharge applications pipes are extended from the final manhole on the shore to

the streaming open sea treated waste water is discharged to the deep stream of the sea

HDPE pipes are submersed on the sea bottom and fixed with concrete blocks since their density is lower than water pipes in long discharge lines are jointed on the shore in 250 to

500 meters sections and their ends are covered with blind flanges concrete connections

are made they are conveyed to the application field by floating At the application field

floating segments are jointed together at their flanged points from the land Air inside the

floating pipes are displaced with sea water from land to sea in a controlled manner and

pipes are submersed on the sea bottom In sea discharge lines end section of the pipe is

closed to prevent sedimentation of waste on the mouth of the pipe diffuser application

shall be ensured at the point where the waste is discharged to water to ensure a

homogenous distribution Diffuser outputs shall be realized in an oppositely crosswise

fashion on the top 120deg circumference of the pipe Filtered special diffuser application

shall be realized in critical project

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 22: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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20

INSTALLATION

Each time a chain ( sinking section of

pipeline ) is concluded itrsquos transported to

the storage zone waiting to be sinked in its

definitive location

Once the pipe is placed in the sinking area

where the globes placement starts

The globes control the pulling force to the

chain of the sea outfall during the sinking

They increase the structural resistance of the pipeline and they make easier the

jointing of two different chains because the

radius of curvature during the sinking is

much higher thanks to the globes

When the chain is in the right position with

the globes placed itrsquos necessary to open the

valve for water entry in one end of the chain

and one for air exit on the opposite side

While the water gets inside the chain the

HDPE line starts sinking

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 23: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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21

The pipeline section is sunk up to an

approximate level of ndash 4 meters depth and

remains in balance in that depth full of

water and supported by the sinking globes

In this position the provisional blind

flanges can be recovered

Finally the air of the globes itrsquos taken off following a well calculated sequence which

allow the pipeline to successfully sink up

to its definitive depth

The two pipelines come close also thanks

to the globes and the connection of two

chains starts by using pneumatic tools

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SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 24: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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22

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

After the connection of two chains the

emptying of the rest of the globes starts in acontrolled way

ACCESSORIES

Concrete ballast calculated and designed in

one piece to proceed to its placement and

fixation to the pipeline

Valves of water

entry and air exit

SELF SINKING

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

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56

note

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Page 25: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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23

INSTALLATION SUBMARINE TRENCH

A submarine pipeline will normally be installed as a combination of trench installation anddirectly laying on the seabed installation

Whenever the water tables is higher than the center of a PE pipe the pipe may be

subjected to buoyancy forces when it is partly filled with water

The buoyancy forces must be overcame by the backfilling and the concrete weights

The backfill materials on top of pipe combined with

the concrete weights provide the weight that

counterbalances the uplift due to buoyancy

preferable with a safety factor not less than 20

Note that the specific gravity of soil is diminished

when it is submerged in water

Compaction under water is not possible

Is required using gravel of compaction

When in position the pipe is filled with water and

will sink to bottom of trench The backfilling can now

start

If the water is deep and the trench can not be seenfrom surface position the route has to be marked

with buoys

Trenching in soft soil under water may be done

using air or water jets to remove material which is

then sucked up while the trench is flushed

The trench depth depends on pipe diameter

Sea bed material (deposits) or gravel should be

used for backfilling After the pipe is laid bed above

it should be restored to its original condition

Otherwise waves and ocean currents will erode the

changed profile In areas where the seabed is

exposed to erosion gabions filled with gravel should

be used for protection

To protect the pipe it is recommended that the top of a trench shall be covered with a

layer of concrete cast under water The layer of concrete should be reinforced and

anchored Otherwise the lifting forces generated by wave action might remove the

concrete

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 26: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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24

WALL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIOR PROFILE TYPES HDPE PIPES

HDPE pipe ID2700mm

Wall section and technical

structure corrugate

Wall section and technical

structure single

Layer profile supported

Wall section and technical

structure double

Layer profile support

Wall section and technical

structure single

Compact layer profile

supported

Wall section and technical

structure triple

Layer profile supported

SEWAGE OF THE TREATMENT PLANTS - SELF SINKING

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

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Page 27: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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25

SYSTEM OF CONNECTION BETWEEN PIPES HDPE

System welding electrofusion System welding TT fusion

System Flanged

BUOYANCY AND CONCRETE SUPPORT CALCULATION

Pipes must be anchored with concrete clamps for underwater application such as sea

discharge or extremely high groundwater for underground application in order to project

pipes from buoyancy of waterIn calculation of the assembly intervals of said concrete clamps is should be ensured that

pipes will not be bent due to buoyancy of water

Stability calculation for pipes

Filled pipe calculation formula

Empty pipe calculation formula

Maximum support (concrete clamp) distance

Fv Lifting force (N)

da pipe external diameter (mm)

DN pipe internal diameter (mm)

yd Specific density of lining (Kgdm3)

LR support interval (m)

LA maximum support dis (mm)

fLA bending factor (080) (-)

Ec Elasticity modulus (Nmm2)

JR moment of inertia of the pipe (mm4)q Lifting load (Nmm)

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Page 28: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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26

Innovative solutions for the disposal of larger quantities of water

These pipelines are resistant up to a pressure of 15 bar

Fast coupling system through malefemale joints

- HDPE inside

- Galvanized steel

- HDPE outer

- Norm UNI 11434

ID mm Thickness mm OD mm joint

400 25 474

500 30 588

600 35 700

700 40 810

800 45 940

900 48 1045

1000 50 1160

1100 50 1270

1200 50 1400

1300 50 1524

1400 50 1661

1500 50 1773

1640 55 1880

1800 60 2111

2000 70 2344

2200 70 2582

2400 70 2813

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 2960

27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3060

28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3360

31

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Page 29: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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27

Different types of fittings available

For large quantities the pipeline can be produced directly on site

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3260

30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3360

31

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560

33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660

34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Page 30: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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28

The pipes are obtained thanks to a process of spiral winding of polyethylene and an omega

ndash shaped steel profile Therefore pipes consist of an inner layer in polyethylene an outer

structured wall in polyethylene and a core of galvanized steel completely covered by a

polyethylene-based primer which ensures a perfect blending with the two wallsThe combination of the two materials along with the use of an omega-shaped profile

ensures a performance that is by far better than other structured pipes in fiber glass

concrete cast iron or clay available on the market

The presence of the steel has several advantages

- higher resistance to pressure (up to 20 kNm2) unequalled by other pipes in

thermoplastic material

- a better long-term performance with particular reference to deformation under

constant load and a creep ratio lower than other pipes made exclusively in

polyethylene

Ring stiffness classes according to EN ISO 99692008

Class A (= 8 kNm2) corresponding to SN 8

Class B (= 12 kNm2) corresponding to SN12

Class C (= 16 kNm2) corresponding to SN16

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Page 31: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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29

CREEP test

The blend of different types of material - HDPE and steel - determines a reinforcing effect

of polymeric materials and alters the mechanical characteristics and working conditionsSteel in particular reduces the CREEP effect

The pipe therefore in spite of its deformable structure which means less rigid than the

surrounding soil is extremely more resistant to ovalisation in comparison with an ordinary

structured thermoplastic pipe

JUNCTION SYSTEM

Junction is made thanks to a male-female connection consisting of a female weld socket

and a male component equipped with an EPDM seal (complying with UNI EN 681

standard) housed in a preset slot assuring the water-tightness of the junction system

(up to 12 bar pressure03 bar in vacuum) according to UNI EN 1277 standard

ldquoMalerdquo and ldquofemalerdquo components feature a structured spiral wall profile smooth inside and

corrugated outside reinforced with an omega-like profile in galvanized steel (DX51D +

ZFZ class) complying with UNI EN 10346 requirements and entirely embedded into the

pipe wall

These manufacturing properties ensure a higher ring stiffness and increase product

resistance in the most critical sections of the pipeline - connections - thus reducing the

deformation of the inside diameter as much as possible

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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31

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

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35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

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42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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45

BUCKLING TEST

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

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47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

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48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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Page 32: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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30

PHYSICALMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS

The pipes combine the typical properties of polyethylene - resistance to abrasion light

weight minimum frictional resistance resistance to chemical agents versatility and ease of

installation ndash with the properties of steel featuring an elastic modulus 200 times higher

than the polyethylene

ABRASION

The pipe inner surface is made of polyethylene and this ensures a high resistance to

abrasion

As a result pipelines may be also used for high flow speed and slope (max speed up to

10 ms) without producing relevant abrasion effects on the inner surface

The diagram shows how polyethylene pipes are more resistant to abrasion than other

pipes manufactured with other materials (concrete coated concrete fiber glass clay PVC

etc)

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3360

31

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660

34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 33: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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31

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560

33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 34: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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32

Thanks to the smooth surface of their polyethylene inner walls PALADEX pipes have an

excellent water conductivity if compared to all other drainage pipes on the market

(concrete cast iron steel clay fiber glass)

The excellent surface smoothness allows the design of draining lines that reach high flow

rates at very low longitudinal slopes

The low hydraulic resistance prevents the presence of debris inside the pipelines thus

avoiding periodical cleaning

TRANSPORT AND HANDLING

Loading transport downloading and all related operations must be carried out with great

care by using means and devices appropriate to the type of pipes and taking all the safety

measures in order to avoid breaks cracks or damages

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560

33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660

34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

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51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

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52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 35: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3560

33

Pipes will be stored in a flat and safe areaThe first row of pipes that is placed on the ground must be arranged so as to avoid

possible damages to the outer surface bending and deformation

Stacked pipes must be protected with appropriate wedges in order to prevent sudden falls

LAYING

European standards UNI EN 1610 legislation specifies that trenches designed to house

sewers must comply with precise requirements

As far as dimensions are concerned UNI EN 1610 standard states that the minimum width

should be no less than the upper value among those specified in the tables below where

OD represents the outer diameter of the pipe (in meters)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660

34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 36: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3660

34

LAYING BED

It is recommended to use sand and avoid the use of materials with sharp edges that can

damage pipes The laying surface in any case will work as a permanent and stable

support to the pipeline

The UNI EN 1610 prescribes that the thickness of the laying bed is not below

1100 mm in normal soil conditions

150 mm in hard ground conditions (rocksstones)

Junctions will be carried out by testing pipe alignment the correct position of seals and

examining the inside of the pipe for extraneous materialsdebris

Backfilling and soil compaction are operations to

accomplish in an accurate way since they can

affect the duration and the whole performance of the

pipeline

The table that follows included in UNI EN 1046standard summarizes the recommended thickness

for every soil layer and the number of steps required

to obtain the different classes of compaction

depending on the type of equipment and the filling

materials

DEWATERING WATER (SHORE)

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 37: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3760

35

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 38: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3860

36

SOLUTION AHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS

SOLUTION BHDPE PIPES BIG DIAMETERS WITH GRPouter layer

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 39: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 3960

37

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 40: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4060

38

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 41 SDR 33 SDR 26 SDR 21 SDR 17

PN 4 PN 5 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 1230 1900 1530 2340 1910 2890 2390 3570 2970 4380

560 22 1370 2360 1720 2940 2140 3620 2670 4470 3320 5480

630 24 1540 2990 1930 3710 2410 4590 3000 5650 3740 6940

710 28 1740 3800 2180 4720 2720 5840 3390 7200 4210 8800

800 32 1960 4810 2450 5970 3060 7990 3810 9120 4740 1120

900 36 2200 6090 2760 7560 3440 9340 4290 1150 5330 1410

1000 40 2450 7520 3060 9310 3820 1150 4770 1430 5930 1750

1200 48 2940 1080 3670 1340 4590 1660 5720 2050 7110 2500

1400 56 3440 1470 4290 1830 5350 2260 6670 2790 8300 3410

1600 64 3920 1920 4900 2380 6120 2950 7620 3650 9480 4530

1800 72 4400 2460 5510 3060 6880 3790 8580 4670 1066 5730

2000 80 4890 3030 6120 3780 7640 4670 9530 5770 1184 7070

2250 90 5500 3850 6890 4780 8600 5920 1072 7240

2500 100 6120 4750 7650 5840 9560 7300 1191 9000

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 41: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4160

39

BIG DIAMETERS DIMENSION OF HDPE PIPES

PE 100 Pipes

ISO 4427-2

EN 12201-2

SDR 136 SDR 11 SDR 9 SDR 74

PN 125 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

OD

mm

INC

OD

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

Th

mm

Kg

m

500 20 3680 5330 4540 6450 5580 7730 6830 9180

560 22 4120 6690 5080 8080 6250 9700

630 24 4630 8460 5720 1020 7030 1250

710 28 5220 1070 6450 1300 7930 1600

800 32 5880 1360 7260 1660 8930 2020

900 36 6610 1730 8170 2100

1000 40 7350 2110 9080 2590

1200 48 8820 3040 1091 3750

1400 56 1028 4230

1600 64 1175 5520

1800 72

2000 80

2250 90

2500 100

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 42: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4260

40

Solution A HDPE pipe with steel cone

The particular nature of the material that will be discharged inside the pipes ( rock

dumping ex rock Eclogite ) forced us to be very uncompromising with the type of polymer

that we would have to use for the production of these pipes

Our offer proposes pipe made of virgin HDPE PE 100 EN12201 ndash ASTM4710 PLUS

ISO4427-2 ndashType BL very resistant to crack test which also prevents the propagation of

the fractures

description Quantity

No

Price EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098

HDPE PE100 Type BL according to EN12201

international standard

OD1200mm thickness 434 mm ID 111320

mm working pressure 6 Bar SDR26

flanged on only one side with galvanized steel

flange DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

including

1 Gasket

No

PipesEuropipe

Euro

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 43: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4360

41

description Quantity

No

Price

EXW

euro

Amount

EXW Euro

983141983160983098Galvanized steel cone thickness 8 mm

flanged DN1200 PN10 UNI 1092

Color yellow

Lenght

No Eurocone

Euro

Solution B HDPE pipe with GRP and steel cone

The pipeline in HDPE ndash Type BL ( crack resistant ) is externally coated with a layer of GPR (

Glass Reinforced Plastic ) processed by Filament winding

- INNER LAYER IN HDPE PE100 Type BL = resistant to cracks propagation and

abrasion

- OUTER LAYER IN GRP = Filament winding

The fall pipe is constantly full of water This fact help to counteract the negative hydrostatic

pressure acting externally on the circumference of the pipe

Itrsquos therefore suggested to always execute the Buckling Test Verification and obtain a safety

coefficient gt 1 ( see enclosed file )

With the characteristic of the HDPE pipe you required we obtain a safety coefficient of 03

To obtain a coefficient gt1 we have to coat the HDPE pipes with an external layer of GRP

also obtaining a reduced bending of the pipe

OUTER LAYER IN GRP= Resistant to high pressures resistant to shocks and

compensate for the intrinsic flexibility of the polyethylene pipeline

The GRP outer layer Filament Winding not subject to the attack of salt water provides high

pressures and shocks resistance to conduct

GRP thickness which is wrapped the HDPE pipe is designed according to the needs of the

yard work and responding to regulations ISOENASTMANSI AWWA

The possibility to vary the angle of wrapping of the glass (main component that ensures the

mechanical resistance of the product) allows pipes which have a modulus of axial elasticity

or circumferential the most appropriate to the application request

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 44: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4460

42

Average values for the principal physical-mechanical properties of laminated in Filament

Winding

breaking load traction circumferential 2000 divide 4000 Kgcm2

breaking load axial tensile 400 divide 1200 Kgcm2

elastic modulus traction circumferential 100000 divide 300000 Kgcm2

elastic modulus axial tensile 50000 divide 125000 Kgcm2

breaking load cut 600 Kgcm2breaking load of compression 2200 Kgcm2

specific weight 19

coefficient of linear expansion 2010 mm degC

resilience 220 Kg cmcm2

electrical resistivity 10 ohm cm

thermal conductivity 02 Kca l (m2 h degC)

Pipeline ldquoHDPE +GRP SYSTEMrdquo

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 45: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4560

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 46: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4660

44

JOINT SYSTEM BETWEEN THE PIPES

To help the joint of the pipes they have a cone on top of them

For the joint of the pipes in HDPE + GRP system the joint is the same

A flanged cone from one side joins the flange of the pipe and the other side is conical with an

angle dimension able to fit the upper pipe and allow the inclination of it of 15 ndash 20deg avoiding

the upper pipe to get out of its position

FALL PIPE FOR VESSELS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 47: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4760

45

BUCKLING TEST

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 48: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4860

HDPE PRESSURE PIPES

LARGE DIAMETERFOR ELECTRICAL DAMS

ELECTRIC DAMS

46

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 49: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 4960

47

INTRODUCTION

KIASMA SRL is specialized in the marine sector of Dredging as a worldwide leader inHDPE discharge shore and floating pipeline

Thanks to a Joint Venture with a worldwide leader in manufacturing of HDPE with a deep

knowledge in the production of underwater pipeline Kiasma is able to offer suitable HDPE

pipe for transmission lines which portable water KIASMA R amp D department knows how

to work with the line and project designers

The R amp D laboratory with product tests and experts in subsea pipe laying coordinates the

production of suitable HDPE pipes up to a diameter of 4000 mm (160 ) and working

pressure up to 25 Bar

The response to the growing demand of high pressure pipes for big diameters was the

development of an innovative pipe system able to resist to a working pressure up to 25

Bar with a diameters range from 800 mm to 4000 mm

These pipes are mostly characterized by their low weight a quick and easy installation

besides their unique joining system the electro fused socket

Moreover the system provides a high resistance to chemical agents UV rays rodents

micro organisms and termites and also features good hydraulic properties

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 50: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5060

48

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe behind the dam wall

PN6 bar SIDR47

SN 20 kNm2

PN8 bar SIDR35

SN 45 kNm2

PN10 bar SDR27

SN 10 kNm2

PN125 bar SDR21

SN 18 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 173 525 231 683 294 858 373 1120

1000 217 788 289 1050 367 1330 466 1733

1200 260 1120 347 1505 440 1943 560 2503

1400 303 1505 405 2065 514 2643 653 3413

1600 347 2013 463 2695 587 3448 746 4463

1800 390 2538 521 3413 661 4410 840 5653

2000 433 3117 579 4218 734 5425 933 7033

2200 477 3750 636 5145 807 6563 1026 8505

2400 520 4517 694 6125 881 7788 1119 1012

2600 563 5267 752 7175 954 9118 1213 1197

2800 607 6075 810 8330 1027 1055 1306 1390

3000 650 7000 868 9555 1101 1208 1399 1607

3200 693 8050 926 1096 1174 1397 1493 1829

3400 737 9033 984 1237 1248 1573 1586 2065

3600 780 1010 1041 1386 1321 1759 1679 2319

3800 823 1120 1099 1545 1394 1974 1772 2602

4000 867 1253 1157 1726 1468 2184 1866 2884

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 51: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5160

49

PIPE DIMENSION NORMS ISOCD 29561-2 ASTM F2720

Large diameter pipe that brings

Water to the turbines

PN16 bar SIDR17

SN 36 kNm2

PN20 bar SIDR13

SN 73 kNm2

PN25 bar SDR105

SN 137 kNm2

Nominal

inside Dia

ID(mm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

Wall thick

s(mm)

Weight

(kgm)

800 475 1435 608 1873 770 2430

1000 594 2240 760 2940 960 3820

1200 713 3238 912 4253 1150 5530

1400 832 4410 1064 5793 1340 7580

1600 951 5810 1216 7630 1530 9690

1800 1070 7368 1368 9748 1720 12640

2000 1189 9170 1520 1202 1910 15660

2200 1308 1110 1672 1468

2400 1426 1330 1976 1899

2600 1545 1561

2800 1664 1829

3000 1783 2098

3200 1902 2394

3400

3600

3800

4000

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 52: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5260

50

RAW MATERIAL

The Pipe is made up from of HDPE Glass Fibre and compound materialsThe pipes inner and outer surface is made up from HDPE while the middle layer is made

up from a composite structure

Production of pipes

Joining with electrofusion system

Installation

Besides joining by the electrofusion

method this pipe system can also be

joined by using normal flange connections

This time saving joining method makes itpossible to connect several pipes

simultaneously and to install the pipes in

very narrow tranches in very short time

This pipes dont break or crak even under

30 deformation

This means that even if the pipes deform

up to 30 the there will be no decrease in

the performance the system

ELECTRIC DAMS

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

Page 53: HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5360

51

TYPE ABAYONET CONNECTION

TYPE BFEMALE RING CONNECTION

TYPE CRELEASE SYSTEM TO THE DISCHARGEPIPELINE

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5460

52

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

QUICK COUPLING

Type A Bayonet connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Bayonet connection (6 claws)

The female part with claws will be a cast part with a 10 mm thickness

The male part is provided with a bayonet ring which can be rotated separately

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal similar to what is used in the bayonet ball joints

This seal has been used for over 60 years in the dredging industry and provides optimal

sealing even in wearing and corrosive circumstances

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5560

53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

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note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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53

DREDGINGDREDGINGDREDGING

Type B Female ring connection

Working pressure 10 bar

Bursting pressure 30 bar

Two shares male flanged

A female ring connecting the two male parts

The seal is provided by a sturdy lip seal This seal provides optimal sealing even in

wearing and corrosive circumstances

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5660

54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060

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54

Type B Release system to the discharge pipeline

Quick coupling and release system to the discharge pipeline

Hydraulic control with a lever ( connectable to the control unit of the pump)

QUICK COUPLING

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5760

55

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5860

56

note

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 5960

8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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8182019 HDPE Pipes Michelangelo

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhdpe-pipes-michelangelo 6060


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