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Enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of a free person for both taxation and
representation purposes.
Three-Fifths Compromise
Called for a one house legislature with each state
getting one vote. Favored the smaller
states.
New Jersey Plan
A two-house legislature, with
membership of one house based on
population, and the other house with
each state having two members.
The Great Compromise
The United States of America’s first
Constitution which provided for a new central government
under which the states gave up little power.
Articles of Confederation
USA
Called for a two house legislature with both houses based on population. Favored
the larger states.
Virginia Plan
Allowed the president to expel foreigners thought to be dangerous to the country, and allowed citizens to be jailed or
fined for criticizing public officials.
Alien and Sedition Acts
Popular American president from 1829 to 1837 that opened many Southern territories to white settlement because he removed the Indians west of the Mississippi River
Andrew Jackson
When this area was taken over by the United States in 1845, it deeply strained relations between the U.S. and Mexico.
Annexation of Texas
Decisive American victory that made Andrew Jackson a hero, but it took place two weeks after the war had
ended.
Battle of New Orleans
Favored rule by the people, strong state
governments, an alliance with France,
and a strict interpretation of the Constitution. Led by
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic-Republicans
Group of electors from each state that meets every four years to vote for the President and Vice-President
Electoral College
The first time power transferred from one
political party to another. John
Adams, a Federalist, handed over power
to Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican.
Election of 1800
Controversial decision where the House of
Representatives made John Quincy Adams president.
The country remained
peaceful despite the controversial
contest
Election of 1824
Supporters of the Constitution. They
favored rule by the wealthy, a strong federal
government, an alliance with Britain, and a
loose interpretation of the Constitution. Led by Alexander
Hamilton
Federalists
Allowed the federal
government to force Native Americans to
move to Indian Territory
(Oklahoma) west of the Mississippi
River.
Indian Removal Act
Approved by the Senate to avoid war with Britain in 1795,
but unpopular because the British were still capturing American ships and still held forts in the
Ohio Valley
Jay Treaty
Denounced the Alien and Sedition Acts.
First important statements of states
rights theory that said states had the
right to declare a law unconstitutional.
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Explored and mapped the Louisiana Territory, and went all the way to the Pacific Ocean. They
helped the U.S. establish claims to
Oregon, and inspired others to go west.
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Government has the power to do anything not specifically forbidden to it on the Constitution
Loose Interpretation
Thomas Jefferson
purchased this area from Napoleon
Bonaparte of France for $15 million. This doubled the size of the
United States
Louisiana Purchase
The idea popular in the United
States during the 1800s that the country must
expand its boundaries to the
Pacific.
Manifest Destiny
Supreme Court case which held that the
necessary and proper clause of the
Constitution allows Congress to do more than the Constitution
expressly authorizes it to do.
McCullough v. Maryland
Fueled by the Annexation of Texas and Manifest Destiny, this event added California and the southwest portion of the present day U.S. It ends with Mexico losing half of its territories.
Mexican-American War
Stated that further efforts by European
countries to interfere with
countries in the Americas would be viewed as acts of
aggression requiring U.S. intervention
Monroe Doctrine
Document that set up a way for territories to become States, and new states would be equal in power to old states. Its guarantee on civil rights would influence the Bill of Rights. Slavery was banned North of the
Ohio River as well.
Northwest Ordinance
Commander of American naval
forces on Lake Erie who defeated the British and said:
“We have met the enemy and they are
ours.”
Oliver Hazzard Perry
Member of the president’s
cabinet that is concerned with
the Armed Forces
Secretary of Defense (War)
Native American leader who built a powerful Indian Confederacy to
try to stop white movement onto Native American
lands
Tecumseh
Cherokee Indians were forced to march to Indian
Territory in Oklahoma, and thousands died of starvation, frostbite and
disease
Trail of Tears
Started because of the British encouraging
Native American conflicts in the
Northwest Territory and continued British
interference in U.S. shipping. Although
neither side won, many believed America
earned a new respect in the world.
War of 1812
Urged Americans to beware of the divisiveness of
political parties, and warned
people about becoming
entangled in foreign affairs.
Washington’s Farewell Address
Was a tax protest in Pennsylvania in the 1790s during the
presidency of George Washington. Showed that the government would use force to
maintain social order, and citizens must
change laws peacefully though Consitutional
means.
Whiskey Rebellion