HEALTH AND SAFETYHEALTH AND SAFETY

Unit 1: Leading a Healthy LifeUnit 1: Leading a Healthy Life

Section 1: Health and TeensSection 1: Health and Teens

Leading cause of death in Leading cause of death in the United States before the United States before 1900 - 1900 - infectious diseases infectious diseases and infectionsand infections..

Example: Influenza, Example: Influenza, pneumonia, infection from an pneumonia, infection from an injuryinjury

Leading cause of death in Leading cause of death in United States today - United States today - lifestyle diseaseslifestyle diseases – – diseases caused by diseases caused by unhealthy behaviors and unhealthy behaviors and other factors.other factors.

Example: Heart Example: Heart disease, diabetes, disease, diabetes, obesityobesity

Why infections and infectious Why infections and infectious diseases are diseases are no longerno longer the leading the leading

causes of death in the U.S:causes of death in the U.S:

Antibiotic drugs – Kill bacterial infectionsAntibiotic drugs – Kill bacterial infections Example: PenicillinExample: Penicillin

Vaccines (Immunizations) – Prevent people from getting certain Vaccines (Immunizations) – Prevent people from getting certain infectious diseasesinfectious diseases

Example: Polio, Small Pox, Flu Example: Polio, Small Pox, Flu

Cleaner living conditionsCleaner living conditions Example: Refrigeration, flush toilets, disposing of garbage in landfillExample: Refrigeration, flush toilets, disposing of garbage in landfill

Better overall healthBetter overall health Example: Stronger immune system due to more food, better Example: Stronger immune system due to more food, better

sanitation, antibiotic drugs, immunizationssanitation, antibiotic drugs, immunizations

Health Risk FactorsHealth Risk Factors

Risk FactorRisk Factor: Anything that increases the likelihood : Anything that increases the likelihood of injury, disease, or other health problemsof injury, disease, or other health problems

Controllable riskControllable risk factors factors are risk factors are risk factors that you can do that you can do something about – something about – behaviors you can behaviors you can control.control.

Uncontrollable risk Uncontrollable risk factorsfactors are conditions are conditions can affect your health can affect your health but you have no but you have no control over, such as control over, such as – – age, race, gender, age, race, gender, heredityheredity

Leading Causes of Death in the Leading Causes of Death in the United StatesUnited States

Total PopulationTotal Population – All – All age groups included:age groups included:

# 1 Heart Disease# 1 Heart Disease

# 2 Cancer # 2 Cancer

# 3 Stroke# 3 Stroke

Teens Teens – Ages 15 – 24 :– Ages 15 – 24 :

# 1 Accidents# 1 Accidents

(50% automobile)(50% automobile)

# 2 Homicide# 2 Homicide

# 3 Suicide# 3 Suicide

Leading causes of death in US for teens ages 15-19. The top Leading causes of death in US for teens ages 15-19. The top three causes – Accidents, homicide, and suicide, account three causes – Accidents, homicide, and suicide, account

for more than three quarter (76%) of all deaths in 2002. Auto for more than three quarter (76%) of all deaths in 2002. Auto accidents is the number one cause on death – about 40%.accidents is the number one cause on death – about 40%.

Rank Cause of DeathRank Cause of Death # Total Deaths # Total Deaths Percent Percent

All DeathsAll Deaths 13812 13812 100% 100%

1 Accidents (Unintentional Injury)1 Accidents (Unintentional Injury) 71377137 51.67% 51.67%

- Motor Vehicle Accidents- Motor Vehicle Accidents 55225522 39.98% 39.98%

- Poisoning- Poisoning 486 486 3.52% 3.52%

- Drowning- Drowning 320 320 2.32% 2.32%

- Firearm- Firearm 107 107 .77% .77%

2 Homicide2 Homicide 18921892 13.70% 13.70%

3 Suicide3 Suicide 15131513 10.95% 10.95%

4 Cancer4 Cancer 723 723 5.23% 5.23%

5 Heart Disease5 Heart Disease 405 405 2.93% 2.93%

6 Birth Defects6 Birth Defects 248 248 1.80% 1.80%

7 Chronic Respiratory Disease7 Chronic Respiratory Disease 93 93 .67% .67%

8 Influenza & Pneumonia8 Influenza & Pneumonia 75 75 .54% .54%

Unhealthy Risk Behaviors:Unhealthy Risk Behaviors:

Six types of risk behaviors that cause the most Six types of risk behaviors that cause the most serious health problems:serious health problems:

1. Sedentary lifestyle1. Sedentary lifestyle - not getting enough - not getting enough exercise.exercise.2. Alcohol and other drug use2. Alcohol and other drug use – can lead to disease, – can lead to disease,

contributes to suicide, homicide, unprotected sex, contributes to suicide, homicide, unprotected sex, violence.violence.

3. Sexual activity3. Sexual activity – especially before marriage – especially before marriage can lead to disease, unplanned pregnancy.can lead to disease, unplanned pregnancy.

Unhealthy Risk Behaviors . . . Unhealthy Risk Behaviors . . . (continued)(continued)

4. Behaviors that cause injuries 4. Behaviors that cause injuries – avoiding – avoiding actions that can lead to injury or deathactions that can lead to injury or death..

5. Tobacco use5. Tobacco use

6. Poor eating habits6. Poor eating habits

Section 2: Health and WellnessSection 2: Health and Wellness

Health Health – the state of well-being in which all of the – the state of well-being in which all of the components of health are in balance.components of health are in balance.

Six components of healthSix components of health include: include:

- - Physical HealthPhysical Health - Mental Health- Mental Health

- Emotional Health- Emotional Health - Spiritual Health- Spiritual Health

- Social Health- Social Health - Environmental - Environmental HealthHealth

Physical HealthPhysical Health

Physical HealthPhysical Health – – the way your body functions, the way your body functions, being free of disease, being free of disease, sickness and injury.sickness and injury.

Examples: eating a well balanced diet, getting Examples: eating a well balanced diet, getting regular exercise, avoiding alcohol and drugs, regular exercise, avoiding alcohol and drugs, having good hygiene, practicing sexual having good hygiene, practicing sexual abstinence, getting regular doctor and dental abstinence, getting regular doctor and dental check-ups, wearing sunscreen, wearing check-ups, wearing sunscreen, wearing protective gear, wearing a seatbelt.protective gear, wearing a seatbelt.

Emotional HealthEmotional Health

Emotional HealthEmotional Health – expressing your – expressing your emotions in a positive nondestructive way, emotions in a positive nondestructive way, coping with unpleasant emotions and not coping with unpleasant emotions and not getting overwhelmed by them, seeking getting overwhelmed by them, seeking help from others when sad or upsethelp from others when sad or upset..

Examples: Going for a walk when angry, Examples: Going for a walk when angry, talking to a friend when sad or upset.talking to a friend when sad or upset.

Social HealthSocial Health

Social HealthSocial Health – – the quality of your the quality of your relationships with friends, family, teachers, relationships with friends, family, teachers, and others you are in contact with. Staying and others you are in contact with. Staying clear of those who do not treat you with clear of those who do not treat you with respect and tolerance. Being willing to respect and tolerance. Being willing to improve relationships and work out improve relationships and work out differences with others.differences with others.

Examples: Respecting others, Examples: Respecting others, having supportive relationships, having supportive relationships,

expresses needs to others.expresses needs to others.

Mental HealthMental Health

Mental Health Mental Health –– strongly influenced by strongly influenced by your emotional health, ability to recognize your emotional health, ability to recognize reality and cope with demands of daily life. reality and cope with demands of daily life. Having high self-esteem and feeling Having high self-esteem and feeling comfortable and happy about yourself, not comfortable and happy about yourself, not having a mental illness.having a mental illness.

Examples: Willing to try new things, Examples: Willing to try new things, having high self-esteem and having high self-esteem and

confidence in abilities.confidence in abilities.

Spiritual HealthSpiritual Health

Spiritual HealthSpiritual Health – – maintaining harmonious maintaining harmonious relationships with other living things, having spiritual relationships with other living things, having spiritual direction and purpose, living according to one’s direction and purpose, living according to one’s ethics, morals, values, living in harmony with ethics, morals, values, living in harmony with environment, at peace with yourself and others environment, at peace with yourself and others around you.around you.

Examples: Feeling good Examples: Feeling good after doing after doing volunteer work, volunteer work, going to church, believing going to church, believing stealing is wrong and not taking money that stealing is wrong and not taking money that

is not yours, feeling connected with nature is not yours, feeling connected with nature when when hiking.hiking.

Environmental HealthEnvironmental Health

Environmental HealthEnvironmental Health – – Keeping your air Keeping your air and water clean, your food safe, and land and water clean, your food safe, and land around you enjoyable and safe.around you enjoyable and safe.

Examples: Recycling, driving a low Examples: Recycling, driving a low emission car, not wasting water, emission car, not wasting water,

keeping home clean. Avoidingkeeping home clean. Avoiding

toxic chemicalstoxic chemicals

Striving for Optimal HealthStriving for Optimal Health

Wellness Wellness – – achievement of a person’s achievement of a person’s best in all six components of health.best in all six components of health.

Wellness ContinuumWellness Continuum – – model and idea model and idea that a person is neither completely healthy that a person is neither completely healthy nor completely unhealthy.nor completely unhealthy.

All six components of health can be All six components of health can be affected by other components.affected by other components.

Optimal Health Model:Optimal Health Model:

Physical Health

Social Health

Emotional Health

Mental Health

Spiritual Health

Environmental Health

Influences on Your WellnessInfluences on Your Wellness

Heredity InfluencesHeredity Influences – traits – traits inherited from your parents. inherited from your parents. Social InfluencesSocial Influences – influence – influence of friends, parents, mediaof friends, parents, mediaCultural InfluencesCultural Influences – your – your beliefs, practices of your beliefs, practices of your culture and religionculture and religionEnvironmental InfluencesEnvironmental Influences – – your surroundings, area where your surroundings, area where you live, your contact with you live, your contact with environment.environment.

How to Stay HealthyHow to Stay Healthy

Keep informed about healthKeep informed about health – seek out new – seek out new and accurate health information. and accurate health information.

Adopt healthy behaviorsAdopt healthy behaviors – don’t smoke or take – don’t smoke or take drugs, wear a seatbelt, etc.drugs, wear a seatbelt, etc.

Maintain a healthy attitudeMaintain a healthy attitude – respect yourself – respect yourself and take pride in your health.and take pride in your health.