Health Awareness InstrumentHealth Awareness Instrument

Norbert JerinaNorbert Jerina Javier LeungJavier Leung Tirana PorterTirana Porter

Destini RobinsonDestini Robinson Michelle SalmonaMichelle Salmona Cheral WintlingCheral Wintling

Team ATeam A

A few facts:A few facts:

IntroductionIntroduction

Instrument DescriptionInstrument Description The instrument developed to gather The instrument developed to gather

information on health awareness was a 5-point information on health awareness was a 5-point scale Likert- type survey. scale Likert- type survey.

The Likert scale is a type of psychometric The Likert scale is a type of psychometric response scale often used in questionnaires, response scale often used in questionnaires, and is the most widely used scale in survey and is the most widely used scale in survey research. research.

The Likert 5-point survey response choices for The Likert 5-point survey response choices for the 40 health awareness related items and the the 40 health awareness related items and the associated values assigned were as follows: associated values assigned were as follows: (1) Strongly disagree(1) Strongly disagree (2) Disagree(2) Disagree (3) Neither agree nor disagree(3) Neither agree nor disagree (4) Agree(4) Agree (5) Strongly agree(5) Strongly agree

The responses to the items were summed and a The responses to the items were summed and a Cronbach’s Alpha was completed for Cronbach’s Alpha was completed for statistical analysis for instrument reliability as statistical analysis for instrument reliability as a whole and for each section utilizing SPSS a whole and for each section utilizing SPSS that is addressed in the Reliability section that is addressed in the Reliability section

In addition to the Likert-type survey items, In addition to the Likert-type survey items, demographic data was observed and recorded demographic data was observed and recorded by the survey distributors on the approximate by the survey distributors on the approximate age, physical appearance, condition of health age, physical appearance, condition of health and gender of the survey participants and gender of the survey participants

Survey Item TypeSurvey Item Type Level of Level of DataData

ScoringScoring

Observed DemographicsObserved DemographicsGenderGender NominalNominal

PercentagePercentageMale/FemaleMale/Female

Physical AppearancePhysical AppearanceCondition of HealthCondition of HealthApproximate age groupApproximate age group

NominalNominal

RatioRatioMean and ModeMean and Mode

Likert 5-point itemsLikert 5-point itemsNutrition (12 items)Nutrition (12 items)Program Design (19 items)Program Design (19 items)Equipment Use ( 9 items)Equipment Use ( 9 items)

IntervalInterval ReliabilityReliabilityCronbach’s AlphaCronbach’s Alpha

Level of Data/ScoringLevel of Data/Scoring

Sample DescriptionSample Description

Figure 1 Figure 2

ApproximateApproximate Age Physical Appearance

Figure 3 Figure 4

Observable Health Gender

TotalTotal MeanMean ModeMode

Approximate AgeApproximate Age

16 to 20s16 to 20s 1616 32%32%

Mid 20's to 30'sMid 20's to 30's 1414 28%28%

40's to mid 50's40's to mid 50's 1818 36%36% 40’s to mid 50’s40’s to mid 50’s

Late 50’s and olderLate 50’s and older 22 4%4%

Physical AppearancePhysical Appearance

SkinnySkinny 99 18%18%

Slim and trimSlim and trim 1212 24%24%

Average / normalAverage / normal 2222 44%44% Average/ NormalAverage/ Normal

OverweightOverweight 66 12%12%

ObeseObese 11 2%2%

GenderGender

MaleMale 2222 44%44%

FemaleFemale 2828 56%56% FemaleFemale

Observable HealthObservable HealthTotalTotal MeanMean ModeMode

Appears unhealthyAppears unhealthy 44 8%8%

Has mobility problemsHas mobility problems 00 0%0%

Appears normal and healthyAppears normal and healthy 2626 52%52% Appears normal & Appears normal & healthyhealthy

Appears in good to very good Appears in good to very good physical shapephysical shape 2020 40%40%

ReliabilityReliability In this attitudinal measure, participants were In this attitudinal measure, participants were

asked about their feelings toward health issues asked about their feelings toward health issues with a designed instrument on health with a designed instrument on health awareness. awareness.

The 40-item Health Awareness Instrument was The 40-item Health Awareness Instrument was administered once to each participant. administered once to each participant.

The objectives of the instrument were The objectives of the instrument were composed in three sections: composed in three sections:

Nutrition (12 items) Nutrition (12 items) Program design (19 items)Program design (19 items) Equipment use (9 items) Equipment use (9 items)

Cronbach’s coefficient alpha () was used to examine the Cronbach’s coefficient alpha () was used to examine the reliability of the measurementreliability of the measurement

Reliability Statistics of Reliability Statistics of InstrumentInstrument

Cronbach’s Cronbach’s AlphaAlpha N of ItemsN of Items

.725.725 4040

Reliability Statistics of Reliability Statistics of Program DesignProgram Design

Cronbach’s Cronbach’s AlphaAlpha N of ItemsN of Items

.572.572 1919

Reliability Statistics of Reliability Statistics of NutritionNutrition

Cronbach’s Cronbach’s AlphaAlpha N of ItemsN of Items

.744.744 1212

Reliability Statistics of Reliability Statistics of Equipment UseEquipment Use

Cronbach’s Cronbach’s AlphaAlpha N of ItemsN of Items

.453.453 99

ConclusionConclusion Although the overall reliability coefficient of Although the overall reliability coefficient of

the Health Awareness Survey was acceptable the Health Awareness Survey was acceptable (r = 0.725), the reliability scores varied across (r = 0.725), the reliability scores varied across the three objectives of: the three objectives of:

Nutrition Nutrition (r = 0.774) (r = 0.774) Program design Program design (r = 0.572)(r = 0.572) Equipment use Equipment use (r = 0453) (r = 0453)