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DISTRICTDISTRICTHEALTHHEALTH
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Dr. Pratima MitraDr. Pratima MitraSr.Consultant(Tech), NRHM/RCHSr.Consultant(Tech), NRHM/RCH--IIII
NIHFWNIHFWDELHIDELHI
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IntroductionIntroduction
Management in all business areas andorganizational activities are the acts of gettingpeople together to accomplish desired goalsand objectives efficiently and effectively.
Management comprises:
planning, organizing, staffing, leading or
directing and controlling an organization (agroup of one or more people or entities) oreffort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.
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Management as a ProcessManagement as a Process
Management involves a series ofseparate but inter-related functions in asystematic way which altogether makesmanagement a process.
Management in health care serviceorganizations may be defined as:
The process, composed of the set of interrelated
social and technical functions and activitiesoccurring within a formal organizational settingfor the purpose of accomplishingpredetermined objectives through utilization ofhuman and other resources
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Terms used in ManagementTerms used in Managementprocessprocess
INPUT PROCESS
OUTPUT
EFFECTOUTCOME
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Basic functions of ManagementBasic functions of Management
Luther Gullick, an eminentmanagement scientist classified
management functions in anacronym:
POSDCORB
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Management
Planning
Directing
Reporting
OrganizingBudgeting
Staffing
Coordinating
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Functions of ManagementFunctions of Management
Planning: Deciding what needs to happen in the future(today, next week, next month, next year, over the next
5 years, etc.) and generating plans for action.
Organizing: (Implementation) making optimum use ofthe resources required to enable the successful carryingout of plans.
Staffing: Job analyzing, recruitment, and hiringindividuals for appropriate jobs.
Leading/Directing: Determining what needs to be donein a situation and getting people to do it.
Controlling/Monitoring: Checking progress against plans.
Motivation: Motivation is also a kind of basic function ofmanagement, because without motivation, employeescannot work effectively. If motivation doesn't take placein an organization, then employees may not contribute tothe other functions (which are usually set by top levelmanagement).
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Health systemHealth system
The term health system encompassesthe personnel, institutions, commodities,information, financing and governancestrategies that support the delivery of
prevention and treatment services.
The main objectives of a health system areto respond to peoples needs and
expectations by providing services in a fairand equitable manner.
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Why do we need health managementWhy do we need health managementsystem at district level?system at district level?
District is the core unit of planning,budgeting and implementation.
To narrow the gap between policy &implementation.
Improve the functioning of individualhealth management teams.
critical mass of health managers
oriented towards problem solving. To reduce the imbalance by
concentrating on rural healthinfrastructure
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IMPLEMENTATION
FRAMEWORK & PLAN
OF ACTION
Decentrali-zation
Convergence
Indian Public Health
Standards
Improving Public HealthDelivery System
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District level ManagementDistrict level ManagementManagement of District Health System:
Developing District Health Action Plan(District PIPs)
Strengthening the district health structures:To provide desired quality services
District level health facilities -District Hosp, sub-division hosp etc, management of NationalProgrammes.
Block level facilities: CHCs, referral hospitals, PHCs
Village level facilities : Sub-centres
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Contd.Contd.
Creating and developing district health team(CMO, DPM, MOS, SN, Pharmacists, paramedicsetc)
Capacity building of human resources,direction and motivation.
Integration and coordination (Programmes,Partnership with other agencies)
Management of equipment, material and
other resource
Information (Recording and reporting)
Constant review and actions taken to ensure
achievement of the objectives
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District Health PlanDistrict Health Plan
District health plan main instrument for
intersectoral convergence, implementation &monitoring
District plan integrates village, block & district
level for Health, Water Supply, Sanitation andNutrition.
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SUCCESS OF NRHMSUCCESS OF NRHM
Much depends on successfulimplementation of the DistrictHealth Plan
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Peripheral
District
State
Conceptual HR Technical
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Conceptual HR Technical
Peripheral
District
State
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State
District/Regional
Peripheral
Technical
Health Management Matrix
Managerial
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Managerial SkillsManagerial Skills
Analytical skills
Decision making skills
(Problem solving : analyze gaps, decide
on interventions, action plan)
Communication skills
Leadership skills-influencing,directing, motivating
Negotiating
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Thank You