Health On Earth Made In Space – Vision to Reality

Yair Glick, Ph.D.

December 11th, 2018

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Democratization of space

Military communication

Satellite phones, special broadcasts

TV

cellular phones internet

Surveillance Weather

Agriculture Google Earth

Air and marine navigation

navigation

Civilian measurements

localized advertisement

Waze

Human missions Man on the moon Space physiology

Space 4.0: life science in microgravity

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Pioneer studies by superpowers

Short experiments, few missions

Breakthrough in Capabilities and capacity, high costs

Manufacturing in orbit

Automated systems, drop in costs, miniaturization.

Why μg?

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Research in Space and under Microgravity Conditions

• Gravity affects every chemical and biological process: • Natural convection • Sedimentation • Shear forces

• Gravity-induced effects are the only factors that cannot be eliminated in experiments on Earth

• Research in MicroGravity is applicable for • Better understanding mechanism of processes • Obtaining results and products unavailable on Earth • Gaining knowledge for future space travelling

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Why space is “the right space” for crystallization

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Space (left) vs Ground (right)-grown Canavilin protein Crystals McPherson & DeLucas, nature partner journals microgravity, 2015

• Crystallization physics

• Minimize convection currents

• Reduce molecular diffusion rates

• Still suspensions, no collisions with walls or other crystals

• Crystal effects

• Larger

• Higher order

• More pure

• More uniform suspensions

• Unique polymorphs

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SpacePharma is experienced and actively engaged in μg research

Parabolic Flights (sub-orbital) Oct. 2016, June 2018

The International Space Station (ISS) Nov. 2017, Nov. 2018, April 2019

First ever free orbiting nanosatellite for μg research

Feb. 2017 Orbital A8 Launch, Nov. 11, 2017

Cygnus docking to the ISS Nov. 14 2017

• ~ 380 minutes of satellite communication per week

• 4 Experiments completed • Over 17,000 microscope

captures • Over 1,000 spectrometer

measurements

• Facilitates study of both high (1.8g) and low gravity (0g)

• Provides successful technology validation for in-development systems

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Parabolic flight – June 2018 Ground Flight (5 hours after landing)

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OA-8 Mission to the International Space Station (Nov. 2018) Comparison between Earth-sample (left) and microgravity sample (right)

Okay, but we want to study advanced science... Disease modelling

Pharmaceutical Microbiology • Bacteria virulence and vaccines

development • Antibiotic resistance • Biofilm

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Microgravity can be leveraged to: • Develop models for use in pre-clinical drug

development • Study the effects µg on human physiology • Create novel compounds/materials in

absence of gravity • Study natural phenomena relevant to the

optimization of industrial processes

• Aging-related diseases - Accelerated models

• Dermatology -Skin aging • Neuro-degenerative diseases • Immunology • Cancer:

• Tumor model • Multicellular cell culture • CAR-T cell therapy

• Drug discovery • Vaccines • Monoclonal antibodies • Special dosage forms for

small-molecule drugs

Mission Requirements

1. Control Environment • Sterile, 5% CO2, 37°C, 1 ATM

2. Execute Experiment • Fluid handling

3. Collect Data • Microscopy • Spectrometry

4. Facilitate Communication • Provide monitoring of:

• Environment system parameters • Experiment progress

Sample Transfer

10 cm x 10 cm x 30cm

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SpacePharma Advanced (SPAd) lab

Specifications:

• 32 distinct liquid channels Handing System

• Four (up to eight) flow reactors

• Up to 40X visible and fluorescence microscopy

• Active temperature control

Reagent Refrigerator

Pumps LOC devices

Microscope & Camera System

Service Unit On Board Computer

Cutting Edge Products: SPAD

SpacePharma Advanced Lab (SPAd) Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC)

•Local site of all experiments conducted within the SPAD •Up to 8 chips per SPAD •Customizable design • Maximum 10 Inlets/Outlets •25x15 mm imaging window

• Enables remote controlled microgravity experiments from anywhere with internet connectivity

• More than watching your experiment in real time

• Make decisions and adapt the experiment while on orbit

Scientist Front End Software (SFE)

+ SFE + LOC

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One Case Study for example : NG-10 Mission Overview: Study Human Muscle Cells in Orbit

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• Sustain replicate cultures of human cells via periodic media refreshment

• Facilitate experiment monitoring on orbit via microscopy

• Preserve samples for return to Earth and comparison to 1g controls

Tissue Chip Development

Young

Athletic

Donors

Milli-fluidic Culture Chip Human

Muscle Cells

System Integration

SpacePharma Advanced Lab

Custom Milli-fluidic Culture Chips + SPAD

Data Acquisition and Analysis

Transcriptomics

Morphological Observation

Lead PI: Dr. Siobhan Malany

ECM

Substrate

2x Chips

Compare 1G and Microgravity Samples Integrate Biology and Hardware Validate Culture Chip Development

Chip culture enables the

growth, differentiation, and

fusion of muscle cells (10x magnification)

Successful Biological Integration

Culture Chip Loaded into SPAD

Culture Chip

Cell Seeding in

Culture Chip

Cell Adhesion @ 4 hours Cell Growth @ 24 hours

Successful Hardware Integration

NG-10 Integration Team Chip Integration in SPAD Chip Integration in SPAD Fill SPAD: Cells & Reagents

SPAD Handover to Client Pre-flight Vacuum Test Handover to Merlin Team SPAD loaded in Cygnus

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SPAD-ISS, NEXUS II Launch, Nov. 2018

Nov. 17, 2018

SPAd in the International Space Station

Will be back next month…

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What next?

Name Partners # of

experiments

Launch date (est.)

Launcher mission SP

System Implementation

partner

DIDO2 IPE 4 17.2.2017 PSLV PSLV47 SPMG2 ISIS

NEXUS1 TEVA 4 11.11.2017 Anteras OA-8 SPMG2 STaARS

NEXUS2 Sanford

Burnham 8 17.11.2018 Anteras NG-10 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango

NEXUS3 UPEN\CHOP 32 17.4.2019 Anteras NG11 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango

DIDO3 ISA-ASI 4 1.6.2019 VEGA VEGA SPMG2 ISIS

NEXUS4 Florida Hosp.

32 1.8.2020 Falcon 9 SpX21 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango

NEXUS5 UPEN\CHOP 32 1.11.2020 Falcon 9 SpX22 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango

NEXUS6 Florida Hosp.

32 1.1.2022 Falcon 9 SpX25 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango

Accomplished Next Mission Reserved

Thank you for your attention !