Healthy, Vibrant Communities Through Urban...

Healthy, Vibrant Communities

Through Urban Design

S-469 : APA 2012 National Planning Conference

PAUL LORD

SF Planning

MEG WALL

SF DPH

KAMALA SUBBARAYAN Perkins+Will

Learning Objectives

• What is the HDMT?

• How can it be used?

• Engaging government + private sector

Planning and Public Health Started Together

Disciplinary Divergence

Our Problems Have Changed

Joining Forces Again

• Collaborative, consensus-based health impact assessment to analyze how development in three SF neighborhoods affected health

• Facilitated by SFDPH

• Multi-stakeholder Community Council guided process

• >20 organizations and government stakeholders

• 18-month process resulting in Healthy Development Measurement Tool

Eastern Neighborhoods Community Health Impact

Assessment (ENCHIA)

Goal: To support comprehensive and health-responsive planning using a systematic method

Method: Multi-objective, voluntary evaluation metric that uses measurable indicators and targets to evaluate development

HDMT: The Healthy Development

Measurement Tool

Elements

HDMT: 4 Primary Components

1. Urban Health + Sustainability Indicators

2. “Healthy Development” Checklist

3. Menu of Policies + Design Strategies

4. Catalogue of Evidence + Standards

• Data for San Francisco in the forms of maps and tables, usually disaggregated by neighborhood

• Over 100 indicators that are:

– Important to community

– Actionable by development

– Routinely measured over time and collectable

– Understandable

Urban Health & Sustainability Indicators

Objective PI.5 Increase park, open space and recreation facilities

Development Checklist

Development targets that can be used to evaluate whether urban plans

and projects help achieve community health objectives.

Policy and Design Strategies

Evidence based methods with implementation documentation that will help

achieve Community Health Objectives and influence indicators in a positive

way.

Evidence and Standards

Research and standards that provides evidence for the link between the

community health objectives and health outcomes as well as policies and

goals established by government agencies that advance the community

health objectives.

How do all of the components work together?

Health & Sustainability Indicator

Density of off-sale alcohol outlets

HDMT

Full Application

Health Based Evidence

A high density of alcohol outlets is

associated with violent crime

Health Element Social Cohesion

Community Health Objective

Promote socially cohesive neighborhoods

free of crime and violence

Development Target Does the project disallow new off-sale alcohol

outlets within 1,000 ft. of sensitive uses?

Policy & Design Strategy

Do not issue a new liquor license when an

alcohol outlet goes out of business,

especially in areas with high alcohol outlet

densities

Baseline Data

Applications and Adaptations

SFDPH Full Applications

• HOPE SF: Potrero Terrace & Annex, Sunnydale & West Side Courts

• E. Neighborhoods Rezoning, Area Plans

• Western SoMa Community Plan

• Executive Park SubArea Plan

SFDPH Partial Applications

• Treasure Island Community Transportation Plan

• Bernal Heights Preschool

• General Plan Updates: Housing & Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Elements

• Trust for Public Land – Parks for People Renovations

External Adaptations: Humboldt County General Plan Richmond General Plan Berkeley Dept. of Health Denver Public Housing U Texas Med, Galveston W. Oak/Jack London Gateway Philadelphia Internationally: Geneva, Balearic

Islands (Spain), South Korea

Accolades: NACCHO Model Practice Award Profiled in APA Planner magazine,

PolicyLink report, Unnatural Causes National Action Toolkit

Trained over 300 in past 4 yrs.

Introduction

• Board of Supervisors introduces

legislation creating Western

SoMa Citizens Planning Task

Force

– Board of Supervisors Ordinance 206-

06 in June 2006

– Community-based planning process

initiated 2007

• The Task Force publicly

discusses issues and publishes

a plan

– Focus on committee work (regular

monthly meetings for three years)

– Publication of background Strategic

Analysis Memos documents and Draft

Plan

– A Proposal for Citizens Review (2008)

Three Facilitated Town Hall Meetings with the

Greater SoMa Community (2007-2008)

HDMT & THE COMMUNITY PLAN

• Task Force has worked from the first day with Department of Public Health to include HDMT analysis and recommendation in the Plan.

• Goal of HDMT is to support comprehensive and health-responsive planning.

• Department of Public Health has used the HDMT to review the Plan, with a checklist that incorporates community health indicators and development targets.

HDMT CHECKLIST #1

Utilized the Development Checklist in 2 Stages

SFDPH applied the HDMT Development Checklist to

draft elements of the Community Plan (Winter 2008)

• Judged extent to which Plan objectives, policies, implementing actions would meet the development targets

• Made line-item recommendations directly into the draft Plan elements

• Re-evaluated draft elements with the Checklist, showing how targets would be met if recommendations accepted

• Provided testimony to the San Francisco Planning Commission regarding the incorporation of HDMT-based recommendations into the Plan (September 2008 & November 2011)

HDMT CHECKLIST #2

Utilized the Development Checklist in 2 Stages SFDPH evaluates the entire Draft Plan using a revised version

of the Development Checklist (November 2008)

• Many revisions had been made to the Plan based on multiple constituencies.

• SFDPH evaluated the revised Plan

• Made final recommendations to address unmet HDMT targets

• February 2009 – Provided additional comments and responses in response to public comment suggesting removing/amending health protective/promoting policy

Examples of Incorporated HDMT Language

Modifications

OLD

• Work with the Departments of Public Health and Building Inspection to develop new Building Code requirements to mitigate ambient air pollution hazards.

• New development should not result in a net loss of open space.

REVISED

• Endorse health and Building Code amendments to protect residents and users in sensitive uses from traffic-related pollution hotspots.

• New development shall not result in a net loss of publicly accessible open space.

Design Example

For a proposed major three acre development site in the neighborhood, careful attention was paid to the location of the publically accessible open space and the need to buffer new residents from fixed noise generators.

Design Example

In efforts to maintain solar

access in the urban design

controls for the ceremonial

neighborhood commercial

street, shadow analysis and

set-back considerations

shaped street wall heights

and setback controls.

HDMT – Healthy Development Measurement Tool

Award Winning Plan

Cityside Isla

nd

Cen

ter

LEED-ND / Clinton Climate Initiative

Source: Treasure Island / YBI Sustainability Plan, Credit: Arup

HDMT – Transportation Element


March 2009

San Francis co Department of Public Health and

The San Francisco Bicycle Coalition

HDMT - Summary Graph


HDMT Checklist


Environmental Stewardship

Sustainable Transportation

Social Cohesion

Public Infrastructure

Adequate and Healthy Housing

Healthy Economy


• Natural Resources

• Natural Habitats

• Energy

• Water

• Waste

HDMT Checklist

Natural Resources


Natural Habitats – The Wilds


1. Boardwalk

2. Trails

3. Primitive Camp Sites

4. Wetland

5. Windrows

Energy



Water


Waste


• Density

• Pedestrian Network

• Bicycle Facilities

• Transit Service

• Parking


HDMT Checklist

Density

Pedestrian Network


Shared Public Way

Bicycle Facilities


Transit Service


Parking

• Everyone Pays

• Metered On street parking

• Shared parking for efficiency

• Strictly enforced and monitored

• Pricing to encourage use of other

modes

• Sufficient parking necessary for

viability of commercial/retail

Commercial Parking

Minimize Automobile Impacts

• Unbundled from sale or rent of unit

• 1 parking space per unit

Residential Parking

Pricing and Management

Social Cohesion

• Socially Cohesive Neighborhoods

• Public Participation

HDMT Checklist

Socially Cohesive Neighborhoods

10 Years+

Active CAC

Multiple Meetings

Conceptual Master Plan 2006 Block Analysis 2009 Design for Development 2009

Public Participation


• Community services

• Open Space

• Urban Agricultural Park

HDMT Checklist

Community services


Open Space


Urban Agricultural Park


1. Pathways with Gathering Spaces

2. Composting Center and Maintenance Facility

3. Windrows

4. Greenhouse Facility

5. Pathways

Adequate and Healthy Housing

• Affordable Housing

HDMT Checklist

Affordable Housing


Healthy Economy

• Jobs to Housing Balance: Employment

Opportunities

HDMT Checklist

Employment Opportunities


• 2000+ new construction jobs and 2500+ new permanent jobs created

• New hotel, commercial and recreational uses attract visitors and generates new revenues for City

• Private sector experience leveraged through public private partnership

• Implementation of an economically viable Project results in a long term positive impact on the City’s general fund

• Very Few Not Applicable –

Unusual

• Insufficient data – different

checklist for different scales of

projects, taking into account

time

• Integration of HDMT + LEED-ND

• Policies for Public Agencies Vs.

private developers or project

sponsors

What Have We Learned?


0%


21%

Social Cohesion,

10%


38%

Adequate & Healthy Housing

75%

Healthy Economy

55%

Percentage of Insufficient Data Per Category

• Systematic, evidence-

based approach

• Facilitates healthy long-

term planning

• Leads to lasting

partnerships

– But…can be a challenge

getting there

What Have We Learned?

• Simplifying

• Open data

• Accessibility

• Deepening and expanding

relationships

Where Do We Go From Here?

Recreation Space Access Discussion

• How do the following in

SOMA compare to the

rest of the city?

– Good school access?

– Recreation space

access?

– Good banking access?

– Pedestrian injury rates?

Assessing Community Health with HDMT Indicator Data

Strategy: Encourage collaboration among the School District facility planners, developers, and the City Planning Department when choosing new school sites to ensure that students and their families can safely and easily walk, bike, or take transit to the campus.

Quality School Access

Strategy: Create an open space impact fee on development to provide funds for purchase of new open space, and maintenance and programming of new and existing open space.

Recreation Space Access

Strategy: Restrict the proliferation of predatory lenders via zoning restrictions and other land use tools.

Recreation Space Access Bank Access

Strategy: Improve pedestrian safety through design strategies such as traffic calming and management treatments, traffic safety enforcement, intersection, roadway and sidewalk design, design for pedestrians with disabilities, signals and signs, and improved lighting.

Recreation Space Access Pedestrian Injuries

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