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HeartPericardiumMyocardiumEndocardium
SeptumAtrium
Ventricle Tricuspid Valve
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary ValveMitral Valve
AortaPulmonary Artery/Vein
Superior Vena CavaInferior Vena Cava
ArteryVein
Circulatory System
Aorta
Superior Vena Cava
Pulmonary artery
Left Atrium
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
Left Ventricle
Septum
Inferior Vena Cava
Right Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
Right Atrium
Pulmonary Valve
Myocardium
Circulatory System
General Facts:
-passageway for nutrients and waste
from the body’s organs.
-consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Circulatory SystemCirculatory SystemHeart:
-pumps blood.
-general facts:
•beats an average of 72 bpm.
•pumps about 5,000 gallons per day.
•about the size of your fist.
•weighs under 1 pound.
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Heart Parts:-pericardium
•outer layer of the heart tissue.
-myocardium•middle muscle layer of heart tissue.
-endocardium•inner layer of heart tissue.
•“Blood-proof”
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System-septum
•dividing wall between the left and right
sides of the heart.-chambers
•Right Atrium:
receives blood from the body.
•Right Ventricle:
receives blood from the right
atrium
( 4 )
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System•Left Atrium:
receives blood from the lungs.
•Left Ventricle:
receives blood from the left atrium.
Circulatory SystemCirculatory SystemHeart Valves
-Tricuspid valve:•between right atrium and right ventricle.
-Pulmonary Valve:•between right ventricle and lungs.
-Mitral Valve:•between left atrium and left ventricle
-Aortic Valve:•between left ventricle and aorta.
( 4 )
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System Blood Pathway
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery Lungs Pulmonary Vein
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
Left Atrium
Mitral Valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic Valve
AortaBody
Blood Circulation
Arteries: carries blood away from the heart
Aorta: largest artery
-takes blood to the body
Pulmonary Artery:
-takes blood to the lungs
Coronary Artery:
-takes blood to the heart
Blood Circulation
Veins: carries blood back to the heart
Superior Vena Cava:
-returns blood to the heart from the upper body
Inferior Vena Cava:
-returns blood to the heart from the lower body
Blood Circulation
Veins: (cont’d)
Pulmonary Vein:
-returns blood to the heart from the lungs
Blood Circulation
Capillaries:
-carries blood from the arteries to the veins
-smallest of the blood vessels
-transfer of nutrients and waste
Blood LoopsBlood LoopsSystemic Circulation:Systemic Circulation:
Coronary Circulation
-takes blood throughout the entire body
-circulates blood to the myocardium
(the cells of the heart muscle)
Blood Loops
Renal Circulation:
Portal Circulation:
-circulates blood to the kidneys
(liquid waste is filtered)
-circulates blood to the intestines
(nutrients are picked up)
Lymphatic System
Lymph Nodes:
-bundles of lymph tissue that help filter out infections
Lymph:
1. clear fluid
2. bathes all of the body’s cells
3. helps rid the body of waste/infections
Blood Pressure
What is it?
Force of blood against the wall of an artery.
Tool for assessing the health of the cardiovascular system.
1.
2.
Blood Pressure
Factors affecting blood pressure.
1. Age
2. Heredity
3. Emotions (stress)
4. Food selection
5. Exercise/Fitness levels
6. Weight
Blood Pressure
Systolic Pressure:
-pressure against an artery wall when the heart contracts.
(top number)
Diastolic Pressure:
-pressure against an artery wall when the heart
(bottom number)
relaxes.
Normal Range 110/70 - 140/90
Blood Pressure
Instruments that are used:
1. stethoscope
2. sphygmomanometer
3. cuff
Blood Pressure
Reading Blood Pressure
1. Cuff around upper arm.
2. Stethoscope on the pulse in the elbow.
3. Inflate cuff until blood flow is stopped. (usually 160-180)
Blood Pressure
4. Pressure in the cuff is gradually reduced until sounds are heard in the vessels. (stethoscope)
(systolic pressure reading)
5. Pressure continues to be released until the sounds stop
(stethoscope)
(diastolic pressure reading)
Heart in Action
S-A Node: (sino-atrial node)
1. Located in the right atrium.
2. Nerve tissue
3. Pacemaker
4. Stimulate the A-V node
Heart in Action
A-V-Node: (Atrioventricular Node)
1. Located between the atria and ventricles
2. Pumps ventricles
Sound of a beating heart
Lubb-Dubb
Blood Parts
Blood (10-12 pints)
What does it do?
Transportation of nutrients and waste.
Fighting of infections
Clotting of blood
Temperature regulator
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Red Blood Cells
Made in bone marrow
Shaped like discs
Contain hemoglobin
About 30 trillion (30,000,000,000,000)
Transportation
Blood Parts
Blood parts
White Blood Cells
Made in the bone marrow and lymph tissue
Shaped like discs with a nucleus
1 white cell for every 600 rbc
Fighting infections
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Platelets
Made in the bone marrow
Shaped like jagged fragments
About 1.5 trillion
Live for about 10 days
Blood clotting
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Plasma
Make up 55% of blood
Plasma breakdown
92% is water
7% is proteins
1% fats, sugar, and salts
Blood Types
Blood types
A, B, AB, O
In most cases you will receive your blood type when needing a transfusion.
O: universal donor
AB: universal receiver
Blood Types
Blood types
A: 41% of the population
B: 10% of the population
AB: 4% of the population,universal receiver
O: 45% of the population,universal donor
Blood Types
Rh factor
Inherited blood group associated with A,B,AB, and O.
Approximately 85% are Rh-positive
Approximately 15% are Rh-negative
Percentages vary among racial groups
Blood Types QuizBlood Types Quiz
A can receive from ____, and ____.A can receive from ____, and ____.
A can donate to ____, and ____.A can donate to ____, and ____.
B can receive from ____, and ____.B can receive from ____, and ____.
B can donate from ____, and ____.B can donate from ____, and ____.
AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____.AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____.
AB can donate to ____.AB can donate to ____.
O can receive from ____.O can receive from ____.
O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.
14
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ
HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ ANSWERS
1. Superior Vena Cava
2. Pulmonary Vein
3. Pulmonary Valve
4. Tricuspid Valve
5. Inferior Vena Cava
6. Right Ventricle
7. Pericardium
8. Myocardium
9. Left Ventricle
10. Mitral Valve
11. Left Atrium
12. Pulmonary Vein
13. Pulmonary Artery
14. Aorta
15. Septum
HEART DIAGRAM MID-UNIT EXAM
Answer only the numbered lines.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
I