Heat Generation Modeling of a Lithium Battery: from the Cell, to the Pack on COMSOL Multiphysics

MSc. Joël STOUDMANN

Thursday, October 15th 2015

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PhD. John Dunning

Prof. Thomas Mackin

In collaboration with

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Summary

• Introduction• Background• Goal• Parameters determination• Physical and computational model• Results• Conclusion

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Introduction

• Lithium ion battery, energetic density• Performance, life, and temperature

Electric car : Automobile-propre.com

E-Fan : sti.tice.ac-orleans-tours.fr

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Introduction

• Comsol Multiphysics, Fuel Cell module

Cal Poly electric race car battery pack

Cal Poly Electric Race Car

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Background

• Lithium atom properties, and aspect

Lithium pure : news.softpedia.com

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Background

Lithium batterie operation (charge)

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Background

Cell 33 opened

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Simulation 1 : Figure out the heatgeneration of the battery cell duringthe discharge.

Goals

Simulation 2 : Figure out the temperature elevation of the Batterypack.

Comsol Modules : Battery and Fuel Cell + Heat Transfer

Comsol Module : Heat Transfer

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Simulation 1: Heat Generation

Heat Generation

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Simulation 2 : Temperature Elevation

Heat Generation

Temperature Elevation

Heat Transfer model (3D)

Joel Stoudmann Master Thesis 12/23

Cal Poly Electric Car Battery Cell

Positive Electrode (𝐿𝑖𝑦𝐶𝑜𝑂2)

Negative Electrde (𝐿𝑖𝐶6)

Scanning electrons microscope

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Physical and computational model

Simulation 1

Initial Conditions

Boundary Conditions

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Physical and computational model

Simulation 1

Initial Conditions

Boundary Conditions

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Physical and computational model

1D meshes 2D meshes

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Physical and computational model

Simulation 2

Real pack One element Model Pack 10x

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Physical and computational model

10 bodies of the pack 6 external surfaces Boundaries created by the enclosure

Heat transfert in a solid Boundary conditions Thin thermally resistive layers

Heat generation : Battery 3, time : 720 [sec], Initial temperature 25[degC]

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Results : Simulation 1

Discharge curves battery 3

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Results ; Simulation 2

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Conclusion

Pack effect : 5.6 [degC] 9.1 [%] error

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Conclusion

• Improvement of the Comsol model

Parameters : Electrical conductivities (electrons), diffusivities (ions)

• Improvement of the experiments

Measure the temperature elevation accurately on the packs and the cells

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Thanks for your attention